Rosneft is not only the leader of the Russian oil industry, but also the largest oil and gas company in the world. The activities of OJSC Rosneft are aimed at the search and exploration of hydrocarbon deposits, the production of oil, gas and gas condensate, the implementation of projects for the development of offshore fields, the processing of extracted raw materials, the sale of oil, gas and products of their processing in Russia and abroad. Karavaev V. Regional development and cooperation // Foreign trade. - 2009. - No. 4. , P.251

The company is included in the list of strategic enterprises in Russia. The main shareholder of Rosneft is OJSC ROSNEFTEGAZ, which owns almost 70% of the shares and is wholly owned by the state, 20% is owned by BP, and the remaining 10% is in free float.

OJSC Rosneft produces more than 40% of Russian oil. It carries out development by 12 enterprises located in Western and Eastern Siberia, Timan-Pechora, Central Russia, the southern part of the European part of Russia and the Far East. The company also owns a 20% stake in the Sakhalin-1 project, which is reported by Rosneft under the proportional consolidation method, and also produces oil and gas through four production joint ventures accounted for by the equity method: Tomskneft - 50, 0%, Udmurtneft - 49.54%, Polar Lights - 50.0% and Verkhnechonskneftegaz - 25.94%. Rosneft [ Electronic resource] URL: http://www.rosneft.ru/ (date of access: 15.04.2014)

Oil production.

Rosneft produces more than 40% of Russian oil and is successfully implementing a strategy for sustainable production growth, including through the introduction of state-of-the-art technologies. Production of oil and liquid hydrocarbons increased by 72% and amounted to 4,196 thousand barrels per day. (organic growth 1%).

The company has stabilized oil production at the largest enterprises in Western Siberia, including Samotlorneftegaz, Nizhnevartovsk, Varyoganneftegaz and Nyaganneftegaz. The efficiency of work at mature fields is primarily due to the use of new technologies that increase the oil recovery factor, including the massive introduction of horizontal wells with multi-stage hydraulic fracturing, sidetracking, waterflooding management, as well as simultaneous-separate production and injection. Samaraneftegaz achieved a 2.9% increase in liquid hydrocarbon production in 2013 due to the drilling of deposits discovered in licensed areas acquired in 2011-2012 and improved exploration efficiency through increased use of 3D seismic.

In 2013, production from new operating fields (Vankor, Verkhnechonskoye and Uvat group) accounted for 19% of total liquid hydrocarbon production.

At the same time, the Company continued to implement measures to improve efficiency and control production operating costs, which in 2013 amounted to $4.8/bbl, which is the best unit indicator among public oil companies in the world.

Gas production.

Following the results of 2013, Rosneft became the third largest gas producer in Russia Russia, producing 38.17 billion cubic meters. The record growth of gas production by more than two times is associated primarily with the integration of large gas assets as a result of the acquisition of TNK and the consolidation of NGK Itera. In 2013, prerequisites were created for further development of the Company's gas business through organic production growth. Thus, the Rospan project (development of the Vostochno-Urengoysky and Novo-Urengoysky license blocks) is actively developing, an integrated project for the development of gas deposits of the Kharampur field has been approved. In 2013, gas sales amounted to 39.07 bcm. m., including in Western Siberia - 24.02 billion cubic meters. m, in the European part of Russia - 10.42 billion cubic meters. m, as well as outside the Russian Federation - 0.94 billion cubic meters. m.

Rosneft has huge potential to further increase production due to the presence of a significant amount of reserves.

The realization of the gas potential is one of the strategic tasks of Rosneft. The company plans to expand its presence in gas market and is already actively developing this line of business, concluding long-term direct contracts for the supply of gas with major consumers. By 2020, the Company plans to produce 100 billion cubic meters of gas per year, doubling its share of the domestic gas market (to about 20%).

Entering the LNG market is one of the options for monetizing Rosneft's gas reserves. Together with ExxonMobil, the Company is considering the possibility of building a plant for the production of liquefied natural gas in the Far East with a capacity of 5 million tons per year. Rosneft is considering various options sales of products of the future plant. The company has already contracted LNG volumes with Japanese companies Marubeni and Sodeco. Steady demand for LNG in Asia-Pacific countries guarantees Rosneft a stable market for this project.

Part of the output of the future plant has been contracted by one of the world's largest traders, Vitol, which allows Rosneft to diversify possible risks in the global LNG trading market.

Currently, Rosneft is successfully implementing a program to increase the use of associated petroleum gas to 95%.

Recycling.

Rosneft accounts for more than 20% of Russian oil refining. On the territory of Russia, the Company owns 11 large oil refineries with a favorable geographical position. This makes it possible to significantly increase the efficiency of supplies of produced petroleum products. In addition, Rosneft owns stakes in or controls seven refineries outside the Russian Federation.

In 2013, the Company's Russian and foreign refineries processed more than 96 mmt of oil (1% organic growth). In 2013, the output of motor gasolines and diesel fuel of Euro-4 and Euro-5 standards amounted to 18 million tons.

Rosneft is currently implementing projects to expand and modernize its refineries in order to improve the balance between production and processing, as well as to increase the output of quality products with high added value that meet the latest environmental standards.

As part of the refinery modernization program, in October 2013 Russia's largest primary oil refining unit, AVT-12, was launched at the Tuapse Refinery with a capacity of 12 million tons per year. In the fourth quarter, the main large-capacity production equipment was delivered to the Komsomolsk Oil Refinery, Achinsk Oil Refinery, Novokuibyshev Oil Refinery, Kuibyshev Oil Refinery, Angarsk Oil and Gas Complex and Syzran Oil Refinery. The company successfully competes in the retail market of petroleum products and the aviation fuel market. The client base of the high-premium channel "into the wing" has been expanded by attracting new counterparties. At the end of 2013, the volume of deliveries under contracts with airlines increased to 67.8 billion rubles, which is 23% more than in 2012.

export terminals.

A distinctive feature of Rosneft is the presence of its own export terminals in Tuapse, De-Kastri, Nakhodka, Arkhangelsk, which can significantly increase the efficiency of exporting the Company's products. Rosneft is currently implementing comprehensive programs for their expansion and modernization to ensure that these facilities meet the planned export volumes.

Gas station network.

One of the strategic objectives of Rosneft is to increase sales volumes own products directly to the end user. To this end, the Company is developing a retail sales network.

The main goal of the Company's sales activities is to increase the volume of sales of quality products with high added value directly to the end consumer. To achieve this goal, Rosneft is expanding its sales network, primarily in strategically important regions, systematically increasing the number of filling stations equipped with retail space, cafes, car washes and service stations. The company owns one of the largest marketing retail chains. Today it is more than 2400 filling stations and complexes throughout Russia.

Environmental Safety

In the field of environmental protection, the Company pays special attention to preventive measures aimed at minimizing the negative impact on the environment. Rosneft is implementing the Targeted Environmental Program for 2009-2014, aimed at modernizing environmental facilities and equipment. In connection with the intensification of the Company's work on the shelf in 2012, an environmental work program was formed for the Company's Arctic Research Center, draft agreements on cooperation with the Russian Emergencies Ministry, Roscosmos and the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation were prepared.

In modern conditions, the level technological development is one of the main factors in the competitiveness of an oil company. Technological leadership is ensured by innovative activity, which consists in the constant introduction of the latest technologies and equipment, the use of advanced world experience, improving the quality of management and control over business processes, as well as the continuous improvement of the competence of specialists. Rosneft is aware of the need for an innovative development path, actively accumulating scientific potential in close cooperation with industry research institutes, universities, small and medium innovative enterprises industries.

Program innovative development NK Rosneft is the most important part of the concept of its development. Innovations are aimed at modernizing the production base, creating and implementing new technologies to solve production tasks. These are reserves replenishment, an increase in the oil recovery factor, the fullest use of associated petroleum gas, the effective implementation of offshore projects, an increase in the depth of oil refining, an increase in energy efficiency, minimization of capital and operating costs, as well as ensuring environmental and industrial safety. Rosneft's Innovative Development Program is designed to respond to the global challenges it faces and ensure the achievement of its strategic goals.

The system of goals of the Innovative Development Program includes: Rosneft [Electronic resource] URL: http://www.rosneft.ru/ (date of access: 15.04.2014)

1. Ensuring the development of Rosneft as a high-tech energy company.

2. Providing technological leadership in core competencies Keywords: oil and gas production, oil refining.

3. Maintaining specific capital and operating costs at the level of the best global industry indicators.

4. Increasing the energy efficiency of production to achieve the best world level.

5. Compliance with high international standards of environmental and industrial safety.

In 2013 - Rosneft and ExxonMobil signed final agreements on the establishment of the Arctic Research and Development Center and the exchange of technologies. The Arctic Center will provide a full range of research and engineering services.

In 2009 Rosneft was fined (by 5.3 billion rubles) for violating antimonopoly laws. The fine was imposed for abuse of a monopoly position in the wholesale market of petroleum products, which resulted in the withdrawal of goods from circulation, which led to an increase in prices in the wholesale segment of the petroleum products market, creating conditions for discrimination in the sale of petroleum products to certain counterparties. These actions led to higher prices for wholesale markets motor gasolines, diesel fuel and aviation kerosene in early 2009.

In 2011, Rosneft was again fined 1.8 billion rubles. for abusing a dominant position by setting and maintaining a monopolistically high price for diesel fuel and aviation kerosene in early 2011.

The main problems in the field of production and processing of oil and gas raw materials today include a shortage of Kazakhstani specialized personnel, a small number of processing enterprises for hydrocarbon raw materials and a relatively low hydrocarbon recovery factor.

The government is taking measures to solve problems in the oil and gas sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan. These include a change in the legislation of the Republic, in the part related to the oil and gas industry, this is an investment directed to oil refining centers and projects related to geological and technical activities.

The problem of lack of Kazakh specialists in the oil and gas industry

One of the central issues unresolved to date is the shortage of qualified specialists in the oil and gas sector. This problem is directly interconnected with the problems of the education system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Elimination of errors in the education system is necessary not only to improve the functioning of the Kazakh oil and gas industry, it is necessary to achieve the set state strategic goals, one of which is Kazakhstan's entry into the top thirty most competitive countries in the world.

The personnel shortage of oil workers, immigrants from Kazakhstan, was felt almost at all times. Now, as before, this problem is being solved by inviting leadership positions specialists from abroad. There are not so many local workers with specialized education and knowledge at the proper level. Personnel experts explain this by the fact that the newly minted Kazakhstani specialists who graduated from the relevant universities are not competent in many issues. These include knowledge in English, necessary for specialists this level, due to the many Kazakh oil and gas organizations cooperating with American or European companies. If a potential employee, a native of the Republic of Kazakhstan, has all the necessary knowledge, then his salary expectations are higher than the real possibilities.

According to some Kazakh workers employed in the oil and gas and oil refining industries, their wages are significantly less than the earnings of a foreigner in a similar position. The management explains this state of affairs by the fact that the invited specialists have higher professional training, have knowledge and experience gained at facilities that use innovative production methods, are more advanced technically and equipped with the latest technological equipment.

Apart from personnel problems directly related to the Kazakh oil and gas sector, this production sector is not without problems associated with a lack of qualified socialists common to the global oil and gas industry. Thus, statistical surveys conducted around the world have identified the main causes leading to a shortage of personnel. It is the aging of skilled workforce – half of the employees in the oil and gas industry are over 40 years of age. Thus, in 10-15 years, 50% of employees will be at retirement age or retired. In addition, every year the conditions of oil production become more complicated, and with it the technological devices, design solutions and their management. The wages of oil workers are increasing, therefore, the costs of providing oil and gas production with specialists are also growing. The solution to this problem can be the involvement of freelancers for work of medium complexity and, thereby, the release of qualified personnel for more specific work that requires special knowledge and skills.

Another solution to the problem with a shortage of personnel could be the automation of oil production and oil refining. Now there are technologies to minimize the need for the presence of a person in production. These installations include the so-called "smart wells", equipped with devices that independently manage and control the production process. Similar equipment is installed on some of the artificial islands of the Kashagan field.

Lack of oil refineries in Kazakhstan

In fact, this problem is relative. Compared to other oil-producing countries, the three oil refineries that operate in Kazakhstan are too few for the volumes of oil and gas produced in the country. But, at the same time, in the current year, Kazakh refineries faced difficulties in implementing finished products. Because of low prices for fuel imported into the territory of Kazakhstan from Russia, the products of Kazakhstani oil refineries were out of demand in the fuel and lubricants market, which led to a partial halt in production at refineries.

The government found a solution to this problem and, by banning the import of fuel and lubricants into the territory of Kazakhstan, resolved the crisis situation. However, the global solution to this problem, according to experts, is to reduce the cost of gasoline production, as well as improve the quality of the produced fuel, which currently does not meet international standards.

The oil refineries that currently exist on the territory of Kazakhstan were built back in the years of the existence of the USSR. Their location was thought out in accordance with general scheme refineries throughout the USSR. After the formation of the Republic of Kazakhstan as an independent state, this system failed, ties with Russian suppliers crude oil, and raw oil mined in Kazakhstan is mainly exported. This creates an insufficient workload of oil refineries with raw materials. Now the state is forced to reorient the existing oil refining facilities for its own needs. The issue of supplying local factories with raw materials has been practically resolved, and now there is a need for additional oil pipelines, since the existing ones do not satisfy the current needs of the Republic. In this regard, at the moment the export of oil to the directions beneficial for Kazakhstan is difficult.

The problem of low recoverability of oil and gas raw materials

If we do not take into account Tengiz and the problematic Kashagan, more than half of Kazakhstani oil fields have already passed the peak of hydrocarbon production and are "mature" fields. This fact can be considered a significant problem for the country, because in our country one third of GDP is income from the oil and gas industry, while the oil recovery rate is quite small and fluctuates within 35 percent. For comparison, in Europe the same ratio is at least 50 percent. essence given value in the amount of oil products that can be extracted to the surface, in relation to the total amount of geological reserves in this field.

If Kazakhstan had the opportunity to raise the recovery factor to European level, then hydrocarbon production could be increased to nine billion barrels per year.

What needs to be done to achieve such volumes of oil production?

First, it is necessary to change the approach to theoretical calculations for oil production in "mature" wells. Such wells require additional costs, for example, an increase in the production of produced water, entails problems with an increase in the volume of impurities and scaling, which causes forced technical shutdowns to eliminate equipment malfunctions.

To reduce the real cost of production from "mature" fields, a special approach to each of the wells and adjustment technological programs, optimization of mechanized oil production. At the same time, it is necessary to increase the recovery factor in the most profitable way from a financial point of view. To do this, it is simply necessary to carry out careful preliminary calculations. Usually the most cost-effective options are those using the latest oil production technologies. To analyze existing fields, it is necessary to create an expert group, which should be headed by an experienced engineer, preferably invited from a successful European or American company, familiar with promising methods of oil production. This will help to assess the new state of the art in the Kazakhstani oil and gas industry, as well as ensure the transfer of invaluable experience to local specialists working together with the leader of the expert group.

A good opportunity to increase production volumes at mature fields is the transfer of individual wells to small companies interested in a good return on the object. This method is used in Western oil-producing countries and is quite effective. At the same time, it is not necessary to completely transfer the object into the hands of a private organization; a variant of cooperation is possible on the terms of sharing income from production by growth. Thus, stimulating the company to obtain positive results.

An important factor for ensuring the profitability of "mature" fields is the change in taxation in favor of a differentiated method of calculating taxes for specific oil production facilities. Yes, based on experience foreign countries, it can be determined that the taxation of income received from fields where the primary method of production technology is applied should be significantly different from the taxation of income received from fields where the primary and secondary stages of production are already behind. Otherwise, "mature" wells will be doomed to unprofitable production, and, subsequently, to stop production.

The solution of the main problems arising in the oil and gas sector is very important for the economy of the entire Republic of Kazakhstan, given its focus on raw materials. In this regard, clear strategies are needed regarding the issues of personnel shortages, hydrocarbon production and regulation of oil refining processes. These strategies should be supported and controlled by the state, this will bring the economy of Kazakhstan to a new world level of development.

RESEARCH OF THE MARKET OF OIL AND GAS SERVICES IN RUSSIA

AntropovaA.S.

The importance of oil and gas service is considered, the types of services in the fuel and energy complex are determined, the main business models for the development of the oil and gas service market are identified, the efficiency of bit service in drilling wells is assessed, the main problems, trends and prospects for the formation of an effective oil and gas service market are studied. .

In the article value of oil and gas service is considered, types of services in the energy industry are defined, main business models of development of the market of oil and gas service are determined, an assessment of efficiency of drill service in drilling wells is carried out, the main problems, tendencies and prospects of the development of an effective market of oil and gas service are investigated .

Keywords:oil and gas service, types of oil and gas service, business models, service efficiency in the fuel and energy complex, service market trends in Russia .

key words:oil and gas service, types of oil and gas service, business models, efficiency of service in energy industry, tendencies of the service market in Russia .

concept « oil and gas complex"(OGC), along with oil refining and other components, includes two major ones: oil and gas production and oil and gas services. Both components are integral elements of a single technological cycle of the oil and gas industry. The problem is that in the vast majority of oil and gas producing countries of the world there is no necessary intellectual, technological and industrial potential to properly provide national production with their own high-tech service. Only three countries in the world have such potential: the USA, Russia and China. Therefore, the rest of the world is forced to turn to the services of companies in these countries and depend on them.

Oil and gas service is a means of ensuring the energy and environmental security of the country. The service provides the necessary level of production, transportation of oil and gas, is the information basis for environmental safety on land, sea and in the depths during oil and gas production.

Oil and gas service is one of the most important locomotives for transferring the country's economy from a raw-material orientation to the sphere of high technologies. The world market for oil and gas equipment and services is represented by high-tech, science-intensive and capital-intensive products, which are based on the achievements of the military-industrial complex. The close interaction of the oil and gas and defense complexes is mutually beneficial for both industries and the country's economy as a whole.

At present, the world leaders in the development of oil and gas service equipment and technology are three countries: the USA, Russia and China. These countries develop and manufacture the most complete range of oil and gas equipment, apparatus, technologies and have the largest service and intellectual potential to perform work from prospecting and exploration of deposits to the most complete extraction of oil and gas reserves contained in them.

Among the factors that determine the leadership of these countries in this area, the main ones are: presence of a large fuel and energy complex, which forms the need for new equipment and technology and serves as a testing ground for their development; presence of a developed military-industrial complex creates the prerequisites for technological leadership in the service through the use of the latest advances in defense technology; high level of academic and industry science ensures the competitiveness of the equipment and services offered to the world market; advanced system and a high level of education of the population reproduces the intellectual potential of leadership.

Today, service companies are one of the main driving forces behind the innovative development of the fuel and energy complex in Russia. Their main task is to ensure the stabilization of production in the old oil-bearing provinces, to accelerate the involvement in the development of unprofitable fields with hard-to-recover reserves.

Services in the oil sector (oilfield services) include whole line areas of activity: well drilling (primarily operational and exploration); current and capital repairs of wells; seismic research and geophysical work; infrastructure construction; application of methods for enhanced oil recovery and production stimulation; technological and general transport services; production, maintenance and repair of oilfield equipment.

Currently, the Russian fuel and energy complex is dominated by three main models for the development of services.

The first business model, in which the company uses its own divisions to provide the main production with ancillary oilfield services, is widely used in the Russian market. A number of the largest Russian oil and gas companies, such as Gazprom, Gazprom Neft, Surgutneftegaz, Tatneft, have retained their oilfield services divisions or even individual enterprises and maintain them at a high competitive level.They have a secure parent company market that is not accessible to third-party players, as a rule, are equipped with the most advanced equipment and technology, are well equipped, and the staff is provided with a solid social package. The presence of the resources of the parent company allows them to develop these divisions and invest in technological and managerial innovations.

The second business model for the development of the domestic oil and gas sector is associated with the entry of foreign service companies into the Russian market.All the leaders of the world oil and gas service are represented here - these are the American companies Schlumberger, Halliburton, Baker Hughes, Weatherford.

Founded in 1919, Halliburton provides products and integrated services for the entire life cycle of oil and gas fields from exploration, development and production of oil and gas, field operations, Maintenance equipment, processing and distillation of oil to the organization of infrastructure and liquidation of wells. Halliburton has the world's largest experience in providing services to oil companies and is constantly on the alert to develop advanced technological solutions that allow you to get the maximum economic return from the exploitation of resources. Schlumberger, being the largest oilfield services company, provides a wide range of services related to the development of oil fields - geological exploration, drilling, well testing, well workover, oil production stimulation, well cementing, well completion. Major customers Schlumberger in Russia - Rosneft, Gazprom, Gazpromneft, TNK-BP, Lukoil, NOVATEK, Surgutneftegaz, etc.

Encountering no opposition from the state and domestic oil and gas service companies, they are increasing their presence in the Russian market from year to year by acquiring independent companies.

The third business model for the organization and development of oil and gas services provides for the separation of service structures from the composition of oil and gas producing enterprises and the subsequent receipt of services in the market. During the period of reforming the Russian fuel and energy complex, many oil and gas producing companies, freeing themselves from non-core assets, which were also considered servicing oilfield service units, formed the basis for the creation of independent domestic service companies operating in the fuel and energy sector.

PetroAlliance has long occupied a prominent position in the service sector of the oil and gas industry. Services provided by the company: seismic exploration; well workover; cementing; deposits modeling; geophysical survey of wells, etc. Oil Technology Overseas was established to provide scientific, technical and technological services in the field of the oil and gas complex. Eurasia Drilling Company LLC is one of the largest drilling companies in Russia, it is engaged in the construction and repair of wells. The company's teams work in all oil regions of Russia.

CJSC "Siberian Service Company" is another major drilling company operating in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, Tomsk Region, Samara Region, Krasnoyarsk Territory, KhMAO. The activities of SSK are currently carried out in two main oil and gas basins in Russia - the West Siberian and the Volga-Urals. The company provides the following range of services: construction of drilling rigs; construction of wells for all purposes; production of plugging works; well workover; provision of services for the organization of production management, etc. However, the resource support of these companies is not comparable with the capital of foreign oilfield services. Thus, the majority of Russian independent service companies cannot provide the variety and the required level of quality of services.

The Komi Republic is one of the leading oil and gas producing regions in Russia. Many oil and gas field maintenance companies operate on its territory.

Usinsky branch of Integra LLC, Usinsky branch of BK Eurasia LLC, Usinsky branch of RN-Bureniye LLC, Ukhta Burenie branch of Gazprom Burenie LLC created for the organization of highly efficient production for the construction of industrial, social, environmental purposes, including the organization of work on drilling, fastening, development, overhaul and underground workover of wells, enhanced oil recovery.

An enterprise with foreign investments Komi-Kuest LLC has existed since 1992. Its founders are OAO Komineft and Kuest Petroleum Exploration GmbH (Austria). Today Komi-Quest LLC performs repair and isolation works, eliminates leaks in the production string, accidents made during operation or repair, processes bottom-hole zones, explores and transfers wells to use for another purpose, puts injection wells into operation. High oil recovery is achieved by oilmen through the use of modern Russian and Western technologies. The best equipment, tools and production technologies affect the quality of the work performed.

Oil and gas services in the Komi Republic are provided by Schlumberger, Halliburton and PetroAlliance.

Currently, experts give positive assessments of the prospects for the development of the domestic oilfield services market, despite the fact that during the global financial crisis, the oilfield services market contracted. Moreover, the sector of production of new equipment suffered the greatest losses (more than 50%). The volumes of geophysics and exploration drilling also decreased.

The oil and gas service market at the beginning of 2011 looked something like this: the leading position was occupied by the service divisions of vertically integrated companies (43%), followed by the drilling company Eurasia Drilling Company Ltd . (17%), then Schlumberger (11%), Integra (7%), Baker Hughes (3%) and Halliburton (3%).

Starting from 2011, there has been a rapid recovery of the Russian oil and gas service: the volumes of both exploration and production drilling are increasing. The new general scheme for the development of the oil industry involves drilling in 2010-2020. more than 50 thousand production wells.

Today, the service market in the fuel and energy complex is characterized by a certain stability. Market participants seek to maximize the opportunities that open up and strengthen their positions. It is assumed that in 2012 the Russian market of oilfield services will amount to 24.2 billion dollars, and in 2015 - 35.9 billion dollars. The dominant sectors will continue to be drilling and well workover. The total spending on these types of services in 2014 will reach $28 billion.

The dynamics of the development of the oil and gas service market in Russia is shown in Figure 1.

Rice. 1. Dynamics of the development of the oil and gas service market in Russia, billion dollars

Currently, service companies are one of the main driving forces behind the innovative development of the fuel and energy complex in Russia. Their main task is to ensure the stabilization of production in the old oil-bearing provinces, to accelerate the involvement in the development of unprofitable fields with hard-to-recover reserves.

New oil and gas provinces are being developed, primarily in Eastern Siberia and the Russian part of the Caspian Sea. Also, service companies expect a large amount of work at the fields that have already been put into operation, where the stabilization of production volumes remains a priority.

According to experts, the sector of oilfield equipment production in Russia, especially the construction of drilling rigs, can also increase significantly. Analytical company Douglas-Westwood estimates the need for their replacement in 2011-2012 at the level of more than 200 units per year, while in 2009 it was 100, and in 2010 - 120 units. According to the company's forecast, in 2013 another 190 units will need to be commissioned.

The post-crisis period of development of the oil and gas service market was marked by an important event. Eurasia Drilling Company, the largest drilling company in Russia in terms of volume of work performed, providing services for the construction and workover of wells, at the end of 2010 entered into an agreement of intent with one of the world's largest oilfield service companies - Schlumberger. According to this document, the parties must exchange assets in the field of oil and gas services. The amount of the deal, according to experts, should be $280 million. The agreement also provides that Schlumberger will become the main service provider for 200 drilling rigs operated by Eurasia Drilling Company for five years.

Such an alliance of the Eurasia Drilling Company will expand its client base and open up access to partner technologies, and for Schlumberger, the asset swap will allow it to optimize its work in Russia.

Oil and gas service experts note two main trends that are characteristic of the current state of the Russian service market:

Formation of a competitive environment resulting from the withdrawal of service units from VIOCs;

Creation of strategic alliances between national oilfield service companies and international corporations.

The allocation of service assets to separate companies is an already established trend in the Russian fuel and energy complex, there are several reasons for outsourcing service work: , using their own service units, spend 18 to 30 dollars; 2) improving the quality of service work as a result of the struggle for the client; 3) the outsourcing of oil and gas services made the oil company more transparent and understandable for investors.

The most important problem of the world economy of the oil and gas industry is the development of methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness of oil and gas services.

In this regard, an assessment efficiency of bit service in drilling wells at the Bovanenkovskoye field. Well drilling is carried out by the Ukhta Burenie branch of Gazprom Burenie LLC. The wells in the field are directional, 1737 meters deep, consisting of four casing strings: direction, conductor, technical and production strings . Gazprom Burenie LLC entered into a bit service agreement with Urengoy Burtekh LLC, the purpose of which is to increase the economic efficiency of drilling operations by reducing the construction time of production wells at the Bovanenkovskoye oil and gas condensate field by increasing the drilling trip speed compared to the indicators provided for by the technical project at well construction.

Cost calculation results bit service per well is presented in Table 1 (developed by the author).

The results of calculating the cost of bits included in the total estimated cost of well construction at the Bovanenkovskoye field are presented in Table 2 (developed by the author).

Table 1

Cost of bit service per well at the Bovanenkovskoye field

	Bit diameter, mm	Drilling interval		The cost of 1 m of drilling, rub. (without VAT)	Cost of services by interval, rub. (without VAT)	Cost of services by interval, rub. with VAT 18%
	Total				1 046 611,54	1 235 001,70

table 2

The results of calculating the cost of bits per well at the Bovanenkovskoye field

	Name of works	Drilling interval	Cost, rub.
	Directional drilling
			130 605,39
	Drilling under udl. Direction
	Total cost (in 1991 prices)
	Total costs, taking into account K - 49.69		43 615,84
	Conductor drilling
	Total cost (in 1991 prices)
	Total costs, taking into account K - 49.69		454 488,89
	Drilling under the intermediate column
	Total cost (in 1991 prices)
	Total costs, taking into account K - 49.69		261 631,76
	Filter liner drilling
	Total cost (in 1991 prices)
	Total costs, taking into account K - 49.69		712 857,06
	Well Total		1 603 695,20

Based on the data given in the tables, we can conclude that the savings in bit service per well of the field is 368.7 thousand rubles, and per annual volume construction of wells, savings for the year will amount to 3.7 million rubles. Therefore, using the services of a bit service is much more profitable and profitable than purchasing, transporting and storing bits on your own.

Apparently, 2012 may become decisive in the confrontation between Russian and foreign businesses for domestic market oil and gas service. If the national business, with the conscious support of the state, takes over, then foreign service companies will gradually be forced out of Russian market and the struggle for the global market for high-tech oil and gas services will begin.

Oil and gas service specialists note that the basis for effective interaction between service and oil and gas companies is the transparency of processes. The main goal of VIOCs is to reduce the cost of oil and gas services and improve the quality of services due to the ability to control the timing and cost of work performed by contractors. And the task of oilfield service companies is the effective management own resources based on a detailed understanding of the processes and assets of the mining company.

The lack of legal regulation of relations between oil and gas producers and independent service companies is one of the main problems of oil and gas services. Other main problems of the service sector in the Russian fuel and energy complex include: the strengthening of the positions of imported equipment, mainly of Chinese production, on the market; weak positions Russian companies in the "premium segment" (geophysics, directional drilling) in the absence of investment resources for most service companies to modernize production.

Further development of oil and gas services will depend on the following factors: state policy in the field of oil and gas services; built relationships with oil and gas companies; the availability of technologies that reduce costs and increase production efficiency; compliance with safety regulations, etc.

Thus, summing up what has been said, we can draw the following general conclusions.

Oil and gas service is such a complex of services, on the scale and quality of which the well-being of the oil and gas complex of Russia, the main supplier of funds to the state budget, depends to a decisive extent.

Services in the oil sector include a number of activities: well drilling (primarily operational and exploration); current and capital repairs of wells; seismic research and geophysical work; infrastructure construction; application of methods for enhanced oil recovery and production stimulation; technological and general transport services; production, maintenance and repair of oilfield equipment.

In conclusion, we can say that the full development of the oil and gas service is related to the issues of transferring the Russian economy to high technologies that provide solutions to the problems of energy efficiency, resource conservation, and energy security. There are all conditions for the development of oil services as an independent business, and the size and growth of the market make it attractive. In this regard, oil and gas services are the most dynamically developing segment of the Russian oil industry.

Bibliography:

Alexandrov V. Readiness number one. Oil and gas service restores its pre-crisis potential // Oil of Russia. Oil service. - 2011. - No. 1 (8). - S. 18-21.

Baskaev K. Stormy work. Oil and gas service suffered from the financial crisis not as much as market players feared // Oil of Russia. Oil service. - 2010. - No. 1 (7). - S. 16-22.

Was there an apocalypse? Domestic oil and gas service is rapidly recovering after the global financial and economic crisis // Oil of Russia. Oil service. - 2011. - No. 1 (8). - P. 6-9.

Dudyreva N.V. Study of the oilfield services industry in Russia. Service. - M.: Respublika, 2009. - S. 180-210.

Tiron D.V., Pavlovskaya A.V. Problemsdevelopment of oil and gas services. Socio-economic problems of development of enterprises and regions: collection of articles of the 13th International Scientific and Practical Conference. - Penza: Privolzhsky House of Knowledge, 2011. - S. 114-117.

Literature:

1. Aleksandrov V. Readiness number one. Oil and gas service restores the pre-crisis potential//Oil of Russia. oil service. - 2011. - No. 1 (8). - R . 18-21.

Baskayev K. Rough work. Oil and gas service suffered from the financial crisis not so strongly as players of the market had supposed//Oil of Russia. oil service. - 2010. - No. 1 (7). - R . 16-22.

Was there an Apocalypse? Domestic oil and gas service is quickly restored after the global financial and economic crisis//Oil of Russia. oil service. - 2011. - No. 1 (8). - R . 6-9.

Dudyreva N. V. Research of oilfield services in Russia. service. - M: Republic, 2009. - R . 180-210.

Tyron D.V., Pavlovskaya A.V. Problems of development of oil and gas service. Social and economic problems of the development of enterprises and regions: collection of articles of the 13th International scientific and practical conference. - Penza: Volga House of knowledge, 2011. - R . 114-117.

Role and purpose of oil and gas service

The concept of "oil and gas complex" (OGC), along with oil refining and other components, includes two major components: oil and gas production and oil and gas services.

The concept of "oil and gas complex" (OGC), along with oil refining and other components, includes two major components: oil and gas production and oil and gas services.

Both components are integral elements of a single technological cycle of the oil and gas industry. The problem is that in the vast majority of oil and gas producing countries of the world there is no necessary intellectual, technological and industrial potential to properly provide national production with their own high-tech service. Only three countries in the world have such potential: the USA, Russia and China. Therefore, the rest of the world is forced to turn to the services of companies in these countries and depend on them. It follows from this that Russia can and should play a significant role in ensuring global energy security, relying not only on the resource component, but also on its high intellectual and technological potential, embodied in service and oil and gas equipment.

Oil and gas service is a means of ensuring the energy and environmental security of the country. In the USA and China, mainly national companies are admitted to this type of work. This is due to the strategic importance for the country's security of the information obtained with its help on the state and prospects of the state's mineral resources (the results of geological exploration, seismic exploration, drilling, geophysical studies of wells on land and sea). The service provides the required level of oil and gas production and transportation (development design and field development, well repair, field automation, enhanced oil recovery, pipelines, construction of offshore platforms, etc.), is the information basis for environmental safety on land, sea and in the subsoil during production oil and gas.

Oil and gas service is one of the most important locomotives for transferring the country's economy from a raw-material orientation to the sphere of high technologies. The world market for oil and gas equipment and services is represented by high-tech, science-intensive and capital-intensive products, which are based on the achievements of the military-industrial complex. The close interaction of the oil and gas and defense complexes is mutually beneficial for both industries and the country's economy as a whole. It quickly moves away from raw material dependence. If the annual export of products of the military-industrial complex has reached the level of 5 billion dollars, then oil and gas services can generate revenue in the world market of 15-20 billion dollars / year (Fig. 1), and the export of oil and gas equipment can gradually gain a position in 5-10 billion dollars/year.

Oil and gas service is an effective tool for the implementation of the geopolitical and geo-economic goals of the state. The nationalization of the oil and gas industry in the Arab countries, Latin America, Africa and Asia has made many of these states dependent on foreign oil and gas services. US companies dominate here, which for various reasons is not always acceptable for these countries. The place of the former USSR in this market is now being actively and systematically developed by China. The return of Russia will not only expand the export of high-tech products, but also significantly strengthen the economic and geopolitical positions of our country.

Currently, three countries are world leaders in the development of oil and gas service equipment and technology: the USA, Russia and China (Fig. 2). These countries develop and manufacture the most complete range of oil and gas equipment, apparatus, technologies and have the largest service and intellectual potential to perform work from prospecting and exploration of deposits to the most complete extraction of oil and gas reserves contained in them. Among the factors that determine the leadership of these countries in this area, the main ones are:

the presence of a large fuel and energy complex creates a need for new equipment and technology and serves as a testing ground for their development;
the presence of a developed military-industrial complex creates the prerequisites for technological leadership in the service through the use of the latest achievements of defense technology;
a high level of academic and sectoral science ensures the competitiveness of the equipment and services offered to the world market;
a developed system and a high level of education of the population reproduce the intellectual potential of leadership.

The US companies have the most powerful oil and gas service and almost complete control of the world service market (see Fig. 2), followed by Russia, whose oil and gas service is in Soviet time independently coped with ensuring record annual levels of oil production of 600 million tons and gas of 600 billion m3. In addition to his own country, he successfully worked in the CMEA countries, China, Vietnam, India, Iraq, Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Cuba, Yugoslavia and others. The Chinese oil and gas service is the youngest and most intensively developing. He not only independently provides for the needs of the oil and gas industry of his country, but also actively strengthens his position on the world stage.

THE STATE OF THE OIL AND GAS SERVICE IN RUSSIA

In the former USSR public policy and management of oil and gas services were carried out by industry departments - Minnefteprom, Mingeo and Mingazprom in accordance with the instructions of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR on the development of the fuel and energy complex of the country. Foreign economic activity in this area was regulated by the same authorities. The power of the oil and gas service was ensured by large investments in personnel training, domestic science, mechanical engineering and instrumentation, and technical equipment. The potential of the military-industrial complex was involved in solving complex problems. In the conditions of the Cold War and complete isolation from Western service, the oil and gas complex of the country not only had no problems in the field of service, but could also operate effectively, relying on its own service, in many countries of the world.

In the era of economic and political transformations, control and management of the development of oil and gas services by the state were lost, it was fragmented and weakened. In the 90s. in the Ministry of Fuel and Energy of the Russian Federation, for some time, the deputy minister with the appropriate apparatus was responsible for these problems. With the transformation into the Ministry of Industry and Energy of the Russian Federation, the issues of oil and gas services fell out of the ministry's field of vision. The principle of the liberals, erroneous for the transitional period, prevailed in the country and still has not been fully eliminated - the market will regulate everything itself.

The leaders of the American oil and gas service did not fail to take advantage of this, they had a unique opportunity not only to absorb the promising Russian market, but also to remove a potentially dangerous competitor from the world market. The technology of absorption of domestic service includes ideological and financial components. As an ideological basis for the redistribution of the service market, two theses are actively imposed on mining companies:

Oil and gas companies should get rid of "non-core service assets";
- Western service companies are carriers of high technologies.

The annual capacity of the Russian oil and gas service market is estimated at about 10 billion dollars, and the annual growth rate is about 20%. These figures will multiply if you add the construction of pipelines and the production of oil and gas equipment.

The results of the work carried out are impressive. Only Gazprom with Gazprom Neft, Tatneft and Surgutneftegaz have not been freed from "non-core assets". The service department of these companies is up-to-date, equipped with the best domestic and world equipment and technology, and fully satisfies the needs of their companies in the necessary types of service. Other oil companies such as Rosneft, LUKOIL, Yukos, TNK-BP got rid of their service assets (Fig. 4). To this should be added a significant number of enterprises that, after the liquidation of ministries, privatization and corporatization, were released into " free swimming". Some of them adapted to work in a competitive environment and gradually began to integrate into more large companies(for example, ANEGA). For this type of company, the problem is the time factor. For 3-5 years from the moment of their inception, they were able to raise their revenue to 5-8 billion rubles, but it is difficult for them to compete in our market with Western companies with annual revenues of 15-17 billion dollars. and 50-70 years of history of evolutionary development. The other part, having lost the support of customer companies and the state, having no funds for technical re-equipment and improvement of technology, either went bankrupt or drags out a miserable existence. At this point, the financial component came into play. Absorbing the best of these enterprises, the foreign service business thus increased its share in the Russian service market. Thus, Petroalliance, Tyumenpromgeofizika, Siberian Service Company, Krasnoyarsk UGR, Geofit and others became part of Schlumberger. Baker Hughes acquired shares in OAO Orenburgneftegeofizika. Created at the expense of Western investment funds, the Integra-management company bought up the assets of a number of drilling, geophysical and well workover companies, a plant for the production of drilling rigs at Uralmash, VNIIBT - the leading institute for drilling equipment.

Oil and gas companies, after being freed from "non-core assets", relieved themselves of responsibility for ensuring the competitiveness and viability of domestic service, and lost interest in its development. Relations between Russian oil and service companies have become so commercialized that mutual support, partnership, consideration of national interests, so characteristic of Russians, have faded into the background.

The example of the geophysical sector shows how high the rate of absorption of the Russian market by companies with foreign capital is (Fig. 5, see Fig. 4). A similar trend is typical for other segments of the service market. In the drilling, GIS and seismic sectors, the share of companies with foreign capital by the beginning of 2006 reached 48%, 31%, and 13%, respectively. In general, the foreign presence in the service market of Russia exceeded 30%.

The second argument is only partly true, since many of the Western high technologies that have appeared on our market are of Russian origin and are offered by domestic companies.

A negative role in reducing the competitiveness of the domestic service was played by the complete cessation of R&D funding from both the state and oil and gas companies. This largely led to the destruction of the network of industrial research institutes and design bureaus that existed in the former USSR, a significant outflow of highly qualified scientists and specialists abroad, mainly to the United States. Service companies, due to their fragmentation and bloodlessness, cannot allocate the necessary funds for these purposes. An exception is the ANEGA company, which conducts scientific research, partially funded by the company, and has its own instrumentation, which meets the needs for new equipment and technology not only for its own, but also for other domestic and foreign companies. American service companies in Russia demonstrate a different strategy in the intellectual sphere. They have created their own research centers at Moscow State University ("Schlumberger") and the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences ("Schlumberger", "Baker Hughes"), select and finance the training of talented young people in the country's leading universities.

Of particular concern is the situation around the prospects for the development of the Russian shelf. The domestic geophysical service is not allowed to solve these problems. In the Caspian, Sakhalin, and northern seas "Schlumberger", "Halliburton" and "Baker Hughes" dominate.

The result of this development of events was the accelerated absorption of the Russian market by American companies, an increase in prices for services and an aggravation environmental issues. Meanwhile, the experience of Gazprom, Surgutneftegaz, Tatneft and ANEGA shows that Russian service in the market has learned to independently meet the needs of its oil and gas companies.

There is no state policy in the field of oil and gas services in Russia.
There is a real threat of absorption of the domestic service market by companies with foreign capital.
The Russian service is losing both the market of the CIS countries and the world market.

ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF THE OIL AND GAS SERVICE IN THE USA AND CHINA

In the US, oil and gas services are the responsibility of the Department of Energy. The functions of this department include monitoring the current situation in the fuel and energy sector in the country and the world. The US authorities are implementing a policy that ensures full control by US companies of the domestic oil and gas service market. As far as the world arena is concerned, the protection of the interests of the American oil and gas service is provided by all the economic, political and diplomatic means available to the United States. The ministry pays great attention to the development of a competitive environment in the service industry, support for small service and instrument-making companies, and financing of innovative projects that ensure the world leadership of American companies in this business.

Oil and gas services in the USA are carried out mainly by American companies, among which "Schlumberger", "Halliburton", "Baker Hughes" and "Weatherford" are in the lead. For more than 60 years of their existence, they have grown to the world's largest transnational companies with an annual turnover of 15-20 billion dollars. The business structure of American companies is diversified and covers many types of services. The development of the world market took place in close alliance with American oil and gas corporations. But unlike them, the process of nationalization of the oil and gas industries, which is observed in many oil and gas producing countries of the world, has not led to a weakening of the positions of the American service in these countries, since the latter do not have the appropriate scientific and technical potential to create their own service. Currently, divisions of American companies operate in almost all countries of the world that carry out work on oil and gas (see Fig. 2). Global leadership is ensured by significant investments in R&D (Schlumberger alone spends more than 350 million dollars a year for this purpose), the use of high-tech machine-building and instrument-making capacities, attracting talented specialists from around the world, effective management and aggressive marketing. Oil and gas engineering and service companies play a significant role in solving the problems of the American military-industrial complex. In a concentrated form, this leadership is embodied in the creation of service equipment and technology, primarily for the development of oil and gas resources on the shelf. It is no coincidence that only the American company Halliburton, a leader in the field of oil and gas services, could lift the sunken nuclear submarine Kursk from the bottom of the sea. Lobbying for the interests of the American service is carried out at the highest level. Suffice it to name US Vice President D. Cheney, who for many years was in the management of Halliburton.

China's state policy to reform, protect the interests of the Chinese oil and gas service and improve its competitiveness is developed and implemented by the China National Petroleum Corporation. When China joined the WTO, the country's leadership had to solve two problems:

Protect the domestic service market from being taken over by foreign companies;
- to ensure a worthy place for Chinese companies in the global oil and gas service market.

To this end, when joining the WTO, a 7-year term was agreed upon for restrictive quotas for foreign service companies to access the Chinese market. During this period, the oil and gas complex was radically reformed (Fig. 6). Small disparate oil and gas service enterprises were consolidated and incorporated into oil and gas corporations and companies: Petro China, SINOPEC, China National Offshore Oil Corporation. The most powerful Chinese service is represented in the "China National Petroleum Corporation". Two groups of service companies are concentrated here, one of which provides the needs of the domestic market, the other is focused only on serving the world market. China has not succumbed to the temptation to "free oil companies from non-core assets." To ensure the competitiveness of the service, the state and oil and gas companies have invested heavily and continue to finance personnel training, R&D, the acquisition of the best samples of Western and Russian equipment and technologies, followed by the development of the production of analogues by high-tech enterprises, including the defense complex. Chinese oil and gas companies in tenders for services always give preference to national service. The exception is one-time work foreign companies with the latest technology that China does not yet own.

So in China, the solution of the first task was provided, which made it possible to limit the share of the presence of foreign service on Chinese market at the level of 2-3%. Particularly noteworthy is China's success in the development of equipment and technology for the development of the shelf. Marine seismic, logging, drilling companies that are part of China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) are equipped with the most modern technology and technology, and not only fully meet their national needs, but also entered the world market. Starting positions in China's development of marine equipment and oil and gas service technology were implemented by American companies, and further development is provided by CNOOC's own research and production complex. The Academy of the Chinese Navy is involved in solving the most complex problems.

As for the second task, at present, the Chinese oil and gas service successfully competes with American service companies onshore and offshore in more than 25 countries around the world, including Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Arab countries, Africa, Central and South America, and Asian countries. Pacific economic space. China's experience in creating directly in the US Chinese companies for the development, production and subsequent delivery to the homeland of the most high-tech equipment for oil and gas services is interesting. In Russia, the Chinese service is represented by the seismic company Bureau of Geophysical Prospecting, which has begun seismic exploration in Western Siberia.

Thus, the following conclusions can be drawn.

The US and Chinese oil and gas service markets are controlled primarily by their domestic companies.
The government of the United States and China ensures the protection and support of the interests of their service companies in the domestic and global markets.
The global oil and gas service market is mainly controlled by US companies.

DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT OF OIL AND GAS SERVICE IN RUSSIA

Increasing the role of Russia in ensuring global energy security is associated with solving the most complex problems of exploration, development and development of oil and gas fields in the European part of Russia, Western and Eastern Siberia, the Far East, the shelf of the northern, eastern and southern seas. Within the framework of the CIS, it is possible to strengthen cooperation with adjacent states in the development of the resources of the Caspian Sea, the continental deposits of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan. Taking into account the emerging favorable geopolitical situation, it is possible to expand Russia's cooperation in the oil and gas sector with the Arab states, countries Latin America, Africa and Southeast Asia. The Russian oil and gas service can and should play an important role in realizing all these opportunities.

The state policy in the field of oil and gas service should be focused on the creation and support of several large domestic oil and gas service corporations, equipped with modern equipment and technology, competing with each other in the domestic market and implementing their own marketing strategy in the world market. Some of them should remain part of the oil and gas companies, but with the right to serve third-party customers in the domestic and international markets. Another part can be created on the basis of the consolidation of public and private service assets.

In connection with the great prospects for the development of hydrocarbon resources of the Russian shelf, the Government of the Russian Federation is considering the creation of national corporations for geological exploration and oil and gas production in the adjacent seas. When creating an oil and gas producing corporation, it is necessary to provide for the organization of a service company that provides the entire cycle of marine services from geophysical exploration of wells, drilling of wells, field development to environmental monitoring of the environment. This company may have the status of a subsidiary of a marine corporation (as is done in China) and, in addition to working in Russia, must seek an application for its capabilities in the global market.

The share of foreign service in Russia on land and sea should be reduced to 3-5%. It is not difficult to implement this if Russian oil and gas companies, other things being equal, give preference to Russian oil and gas service companies in tenders. As the volume of foreign service in domestic service companies decreases, the influx of Russian specialists who have gained good experience in first-class Western companies will increase. In the global service market, Russia should raise its revenue to 15-20 billion dollars a year.

To achieve these goals, it will be necessary to significantly expand funding by the state and oil and gas companies for R&D to create latest technology and technology of oil and gas service on land and shelf. It will be necessary to revive on a new basis the research institutes and design bureaus that served this business, and to connect the corresponding potential of the military-industrial complex. The state should help machine-building enterprises to re-equip production and master the production of the latest types of equipment, land and sea oil and gas equipment both for the internal needs of the Russian oil and gas complex, and to expand exports of high-tech products to the level of 5-7 billion dollars / year. This will make the country's economy less dependent on primary industries.

In order to implement the proposed policy,

1. Determine the state body responsible for the control and development of the domestic oil and gas service, which should be entrusted with the development and implementation of a program to strengthen the positions of the Russian oil and gas service in the domestic and global service markets. It is necessary that this state structure has the appropriate rights and financial means to solve the tasks set.

2. In parallel with the creation of an offshore oil corporation for the development of the Russian shelf, provide for the creation of a domestic oil and gas service corporation (conditionally "Shelfneftegazservis"), which in the future should actively enter the world service market.

3. Create a state specialized corporation for oil and gas service abroad and the export of Russian oil and gas equipment (Rosneftegazservis) and gradually increase its revenue to 20-25 billion dollars a year.

4. The oil and gas companies "Gazprom", "Gazpromneft", "Rosneft", "Surgutneftegaz", "Tatneft" should be recommended to further strengthen and equip their service departments with advanced equipment and technology. This service, along with ANEGA and other domestic service companies, should meet the needs of the domestic and partially foreign markets.

5. Develop and implement a state program for the technical re-equipment of oil and gas services, strengthening R&D and equipping machine-building and instrument-making capacities with modern technological equipment with the involvement of financial resources from both the state budget and Russian oil and gas companies.

6. To intensify work on harmonization of Russian and international standards in the field of oil and gas services, which will facilitate the entry of Russian services into the world market.

Every year on February 8, the Russian scientific community celebrates its professional holiday - the Day of Russian Science, established by decree of the President of the Russian Federation in 1999.

NC "" actively develops its scientific potential in close cooperation with industry research institutes, universities, small and medium-sized innovative enterprises in the industry.

The current program of innovative development of NC "" is aimed at creating and introducing new technologies to solve production problems, the effective implementation of offshore projects, the modernization of the production base, replenishment of reserves, an increase in the oil recovery factor, rational use associated petroleum gas, increasing the depth of oil refining, improving energy efficiency, minimizing capital and operating costs, as well as ensuring environmental and industrial safety.

The company is actively replacing imported technologies in the process chain for the production of high-quality petroleum products. To date, all oil refineries of NK "" have made the transition to the use of catalysts only of domestic production at all catalytic cracking units.

In 2015, the specialists of the corporate research center of RN-TSIR LLC completed the development and production of pilot batches of domestic catalysts for the hydrotreatment and isodewaxing of diesel fractions, which ensure the production of high-quality summer, winter and arctic diesel fuels with an ultra-low sulfur content of Euro5 class, as well as catalysts for pre-hydrotreatment gasoline to involve in the process of catalytic reforming of gasoline fractions of secondary thermal processes in a mixture with straight-run raw materials. The promising product is characterized by high activity, improved strength characteristics and a long service life.

"" consolidated its leadership in the development of domestic GTL (Gas-to-liquid) technologies. Scientists of the corporate research center have developed catalysts that allow efficient processing of natural and associated petroleum gas into synthetic hydrocarbons (synthetic oil). The catalysts have been successfully tested at the laboratory level and have already proven their high performance.

In addition, RN-TSIR has developed a technology and launched a pilot plant for the synthesis of a unique petrochemical catalyst, which allows you to create domestic polymer and composite materials, as well as oils of a new generation from previously unclaimed raw materials of petrochemical industries. The technology is protected by Russian and international patents

The company is working to reduce the dependence of the Russian lubricants market on imports. To this end, the Company's research center is developing technologies for producing high-index mineral and synthetic base oils to create finished oils in the premium segment, including for the production of lubricants for the Arctic. Along with this, scientists have developed a new line of mineral oils high degree cleaning - white oils. Such oils can be used where high requirements are placed on the purity of the materials used, including in medicine, veterinary medicine, food, textile industry. In terms of their physicochemical and immunological parameters, they are significantly superior to imported counterparts, which is extremely important in the production of various biological products, in particular vaccines.

In order to improve the efficiency of the well stock and increase production volumes at the Samotlor field, in 2015, the specialists of NC "" carried out a 20-stage hydraulic fracturing for the first time in Russia. The implementation of the project will make it possible to drill out marginal zones, where reserves not involved in development are concentrated. Drilling and development of reserves in these zones has not been carried out so far due to their low efficiency.

Oil Company "" is not only the leader in oil production and refining in Russia, but also acts as a locomotive for the scientific study of the Arctic region. The expedition "Kara-winter-2015" has become the largest in the world over the past 20 years in terms of volume and scope of work.

As part of the Chukotka-summer-2015 research expedition, the Company almost completely restored the meteorological observation system in the Arctic. Now 7 modern meteorological stations of Rosneft operate in four seas of the Arctic Ocean.

Based on the results of the complex expeditions, NC "" has released a unique Atlas of hydrometeorological and ice conditions of the seas of the Russian Arctic, which has practically no analogues among both Russian and foreign geographical publications.

In the field of developing innovative solutions for the implementation of environmental programs, scientists from the Faculty of Biology of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, specifically for NK "", they developed a drug capable of decomposing oil and oil products at low (including negative) temperatures. The principle of operation of the drug is based on the use of cold-loving bacteria (psychrophilic microorganisms) capable of absorbing oil as a food substrate, turning pollution into carbon dioxide, water and the biomass of the bacteria themselves.

NC "" continues to develop strategic partnerships with the country's leading universities, research centers and institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as well as foreign scientific organizations. The company provides support to schools, universities, secondary vocational schools in all major regions of its production activities. About those who will come to work in 5-10 years oil company cares today, forming a reliable personnel reserve in general education and vocational schools.

For several years, NC "" and its subsidiaries have been closely cooperating with 47 leading universities in the country, including Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Russian State University of Oil and Gas named after I.M. Gubkin, Far Eastern Federal University, etc.

The continuous influx of new technologies ensures cooperation with the Russian Academy of Sciences and the world's leading scientific centers.

Since 2011, when " " began to implement an innovative development program, the number of patents owned by the Company has more than doubled.

JSC "NK" congratulates all its employees and partners on the Day of Russian Science!