How to register a company and open a bank account abroad. United States of America

In order to significantly increase the profitability of your business. This article will discuss the benefits of business immigration and how IBCC, an international expert in business immigration, can help not only speed up and simplify this process, but also significantly reduce associated costs.

What are the benefits of business immigration

Let's start with the benefits of business immigration and why it is becoming an obvious trend today.

In our dynamically changing world, borders between countries more and more often pass not for geographical and political reasons, but, rather, according to the principle of economic "division of labor". It's no secret that Switzerland is the financial capital of the world, where you will find the most reliable banks, California is the center of IT developers, New York is a paradise for fashion designers. And it is quite logical that business leaders are looking for locations to continue their work that can offer the most favorable conditions for work.

Among such advantages, it is worth noting, first of all, favorable tax conditions:

• special tax incentives for certain types activities
• business safety
• stable legislation, which presupposes fair conditions of relations with the state.

Other benefits come from the professional environment. Just imagine, you are developing an IT business, for example, in Ireland, which is already called the European "Silicon Valley", there are advanced IT personnel working next to you with the freshest ideas, the best technological developments, the most modern and dynamic, motivated to succeed in work. ...

Agree, a good business environment, stable legislation and a favorable business climate are an excellent basis for a dynamically developing business?

So, you have appreciated all the pros and cons and are ready to transfer your business to another country. You have two options: do this translation yourself or contact a professional.

Are there any advantages to the first path? Of course there is! You will not need to incur additional costs, you will independently open an account, register a company, resolve issues of accounting and legal support, assuming full responsibility at every stage.

What the professionals offer

And what can a company that professionally deal with the registration of international companies, for example, IBCC, can offer? The offer of our company is not limited solely to well-developed procedures such as registration of companies in different jurisdictions, it is actually not very difficult. The main issue of such activities is the development of a strategy for entering the international market.

Very often clients come to us at IBCC who clearly know where they would like to transfer their business. Their opinion is usually based on the opinion of their colleagues or information from the Internet. Often, the opinion of our clients can even be called biased, all of us, alas, are subject to stereotypes, but IBCC is ready to delve deeper into the study of the client's tasks by asking the right questions, is ready to offer the most profitable, cheapest, safest and most suitable options.

Our company can fulfill a clearly set task. If the client says: "I want to transfer business to Hungary, do it quickly, legally and at a reasonable price." We fulfill the client's wishes in accordance with the task at hand, in deadlines and at a pre-agreed cost, without "hidden tariffs".

But we consider the implementation of a different approach to be a more important professional task: a comprehensive solution that will allow you to bring your business to new turns - a well-thought-out strategy for entering international level.

How it works

The basic principle of our work: IBCC does not offer complicated, expensive and unnecessary solutions, our goal is to make our client's business as profitable as possible, removing the burden of unnecessary expenses from him. Let's take an example of how it works.

Our company's client led successful business in the online trade of Israeli cosmetics. As a new stage in his activity, he considered the possibility of starting an activity aimed at a European buyer. He had no preferences regarding a specific European country, the main condition: to start trade in Europe as soon as possible.

Together with the client, we worked out a number of solutions, assessed the potential for business development in different European countries, taking into account the specifics of its activities. Registration of a European company for online trading in Europe is required, because opening a trading account with a European bank is possible only for companies registered in the jurisdiction of the EU countries.

As a result, we came to the conclusion that the optimal solution to this problem would be to register a company in Latvia under the European Trade Account program, which includes registering a company in European jurisdiction and opening a trading account in a European bank with a good business reputation.

How this solution saved our client's money:

• the selected solution made it possible not to open a physical office, therefore, the costs of maintaining the office did not affect our client;
• Latvian banks offer low commissions for processing customer payments, in comparison, for example, with Israeli banks, this has significantly reduced the cost of making payments

We also solved the problem with the shortest possible time to enter the market, as we selected a ready-made European company, which were quickly re-registered as a client. It was also quickly possible to register the European VAT, as this procedure is very fast and simple in Latvia. Well, the general level of development of the Latvian banking infrastructure, sharpened for maintaining international business in general, and e-commerce in particular, allowed us to launch our client's business in the shortest possible time.

In this case, it was precisely the well-chosen business scheme that made it possible not only to start working much faster and make a profit, but to significantly reduce costs.

Another example

Development client software, turned to us with the task of choosing a country to which he could transfer his business. Other conditions related to moderate taxation, good business climate, stable working conditions, comfortable and safe environment residence.

Having analyzed the available options, we opted for Ireland. There were many reasons for making such a decision, here are just a few of them:

• fairly low taxation
• clear and understandable business procedures with all the advantages of the legislation of a European country
• business environment: European Silicon Valley has already attracted thousands of the best IT developers from all over the world
• the opportunity to obtain the right to residence for both the investor and his family members

A well-developed strategy for entering this market allowed our client to establish a business in a stable European country, take advantage of a rather soft tax regime, and, therefore, significantly reduce costs, and get the opportunity to have a calm and comfortable life.

Basic principles of work

Let's note other principles of our work, and, above all, an individual approach.

For us, an individual approach is not just beautiful words, it is almost the main tenet of our work. We have abandoned the formal approach and offer only customized solutions... The specificity of our activity is such that we are interested in the success of our client and in the dynamic development of his business, and the key to such success is always a successful market entry strategy.

Over the years, we have checked dozens of different jurisdictions and can already firmly say that we have sufficient competence to offer our clients an exceptionally correct solution in accordance with their requirements.

When we receive an application from a client, we consider every little thing, because literally everything affects the success of a business. We do not set ourselves the task of opening thousands of accounts and registering thousands of companies for our clients, with which they will then not know what to do. We help to make a thoughtful and balanced decision so that our client clearly understands every step in our work and clearly knows exactly how this step will bring him closer to the stated goal.

Of course, the question arises of financial relationships with our clients, in this matter we adhere to the principle of maximum transparency.

We consider transparent and honest relations with our clients to be our significant advantage, we offer only a fixed package of prices without any hidden fees. Why are there usually costs that you did not expect? Because new data emerges and there is a need to formalize new securities, obtain new signatures, etc. Since IBCC has been operating in this market for decades, we do not have “financial surprises” for our clients, the procedures are worked out to the smallest detail, therefore, we clearly know the cost of each stage of work.

If you want a stable and successful promotion of your business, consider the opportunities offered by business immigration and perhaps just such a solution will allow you to quickly bring your business to the level that you could not have dreamed of until recently. We are ready to work with you to develop a strategy for further work that will allow us to implement the most ambitious plans.

For more information on how to competently organize the transfer of a business to another country, find out on the website IBCC Limited or leave a request in the form below this text and the specialists will tell you in detail how to start working in Europe!

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Currency control over transactions of individuals with foreign currency

Throughout most of history Soviet Union the country was dominated by the state monopoly on foreign trade and foreign exchange transactions. Only in 1986 were the first timid attempts at liberalization in these areas made, when enterprises - subjects foreign economic activity received the right to receive part of foreign exchange earnings from exports. Soviet citizens, however, did not receive any new opportunities in connection with these innovations. Resident citizens were still prohibited from purchasing and holding foreign currency in rubles; there was no organized exchange of rubles for foreign currency. Exceptions to this rule applied to posted workers of various missions abroad, receiving foreign exchange at the rates established by the Ministry of Finance, and persons receiving royalties, pensions and transfers from abroad. All these citizens practically did not have the opportunity to have cash on hand (except for business travelers): it was credited to special registered accounts in the only authorized bank of the country - the Bank for Foreign Trade of the USSR, and it was possible, with rare exceptions, not to withdraw currency from these accounts. but only checks of Vneshposyltorg of various modifications depending on the "status" of foreign currency and its owner (checks were purchased in a network of so-called "foreign exchange shops" - "Birch", "Kashtan", etc.).
The beginning of the true liberalization of foreign trade and foreign exchange legislation was the Decree of the President of the RSFSR dated November 15, 1991 N 213 "On the liberalization of foreign economic activity on the territory of the RSFSR", and then the Law of the Russian Federation of 09.10.1992 N 3615-1 "On foreign exchange regulation and foreign exchange control". For the first time, this Law formulated the fundamental principles and concepts related to its scope.
Almost a decade after the adoption of these acts, our country and its economy, including the banking system, have undergone very large changes that required further liberalization of currency legislation.
Currently, the main regulatory document foreign exchange legislation in the country is the Federal Law of 10.12.2003 N 173-FZ "On Currency Regulation and Currency Control" (hereinafter - the Law). Since its entry into force, this Law has undergone a number of changes and additions and has been significantly updated in the edition of July 26, 2006.
Foreign exchange control in accordance with the Law, it is an integral part of the foreign exchange regulation system and represents control by the Bank of Russia over foreign exchange transactions credit institutions and currency exchanges, and for currency transactions of other organizations - from the federal executive authorities and currency control agents.
The Law refers to currency transactions all transactions with currency values ​​both between residents and non-residents, and between residents, legal entities and individuals, import and export of currency values, their transfer, as well as other operations with them.
Consider those provisions of the law that relate to foreign exchange transactions individuals- residents.
Article 14 of the Law establishes the rights and obligations of residents in the implementation of foreign exchange transactions. According to this article, residents, including individuals, have the right to open bank accounts (bank deposits) in foreign currency with authorized banks without restrictions.

How is it profitable to transfer money abroad without interest and commissions?

Currency transactions are carried out without restrictions between residents, including individuals, and authorized banks related to depositing Money residents to bank accounts (deposits) and receiving funds from these accounts.

Note. In 2007, the Federal Law of 10.12.2003 N 173-FZ was amended, in particular, allowing transfers of foreign currency between spouses or close relatives.

Currency transactions between residents, including individuals, and non-residents are carried out without restrictions, with the exception of currency transactions in respect of which these restrictions are established by the Law (restrictions that may be introduced in the country in order to prevent crisis phenomena in the currency and financial sphere).
Currency transactions between residents, including individuals, are prohibited. However, there are exceptions that are listed in the Law. It should be said that the Instruction of the Bank of Russia of June 15, 2004 N 117-I "On the procedure for the submission of documents and information by residents and non-residents to authorized banks when carrying out foreign exchange transactions, the procedure for accounting by authorized banks of foreign exchange transactions and the issuance of transaction passports" does not specifically regulate relations between individuals - residents and authorized banks in the field of operations with foreign exchange values, it applies only to legal entities and individuals - residents who are entrepreneurs without a legal entity. Thus, the Law remains the main legal act in the field of currency control governing transactions with currency valuables of resident individuals.
Below are the main types of transactions with currency values ​​of individuals - residents and the current restrictions on the currency legislation of the country.

Translations

The following are allowed types of transfers of individuals- residents in foreign currency in favor of residents:
- transfers from the Russian Federation in favor of other individuals - residents to their accounts opened with banks located outside the territory of the Russian Federation, in amounts not exceeding, within one business day through one authorized bank, an amount equal to the equivalent of USD 5,000 at the official rate set by the Bank of Russia as of the date of debiting funds from the account of a resident individual;
- transfers of a resident individual to the Russian Federation from accounts opened with banks located outside the territory of the Russian Federation in favor of other resident individuals to their accounts with authorized banks;
- transfers of individuals - residents from their accounts opened in authorized banks, in favor of other individuals - residents who are their spouses or close relatives (relatives in a direct ascending and descending line: parents and children, grandfathers, grandmothers and grandchildren, full-fledged and half-siblings (having a common father and mother) brothers and sisters, (adoptive parents and adopted children), to the accounts of these persons, opened in authorized banks or banks located outside the territory of the Russian Federation.
In the latter case, where the provisions of the Law do not contain any restrictions on the amount, in accordance with the Ordinance of the Bank of Russia dated July 20, 2007 N 1868-U "On the Submission of Documents by Resident Individuals to Authorized Banks Related to Conducting Certain Currency Transactions" to Resident Individuals it is necessary to submit to authorized banks documents (copies of documents) confirming that individuals are spouses or close relatives (in addition to a passport or identity card, the list attached to this Instruction contains various types of certificates).

Calculations

Settlements for foreign exchange transactions are made by resident individuals through bank accounts with authorized banks. However, at the same time, a number of exceptions are stipulated when operations are allowed to be carried out directly with cash currency values, namely the following:
- transfer by an individual resident of currency values ​​as a gift to the state, a constituent entity of the Russian Federation and (or) a municipal formation;
- donation of currency values ​​to a spouse and close relatives;
- bequest of currency values ​​or receiving them by inheritance;
- their acquisition and alienation by a resident individual for the purpose of collecting single banknotes and coins;
- transfer by an individual - a resident from the Russian Federation and receipt in the Russian Federation by an individual - a resident of the transfer without opening bank accounts;
- purchase from an authorized bank or sale to an authorized bank by a resident individual of cash foreign currency, exchange, replacement of banknotes of a foreign state (group of foreign states), as well as acceptance of foreign currency cash for collection to banks outside the territory of the Russian Federation;
- settlements of individuals - residents in foreign currency in duty-free shops, as well as when selling goods and providing services to individuals - residents along the route of vehicles during international transport;
- settlements carried out by individuals - residents located outside the Russian Federation, with transport companies under contracts for the carriage of passengers.
Individuals - residents, when carrying out foreign exchange transactions, can make settlements through accounts opened in accordance with the Law in banks outside the territory of the Russian Federation, at the expense of funds credited to these accounts in accordance with the provisions of the Law (see.

Purchase and sale of foreign currency

Transactions related to the sale and purchase of cash and non-cash foreign currency and checks (including traveller's checks) by individuals, the nominal value of which is indicated in foreign currency, for the currency of the Russian Federation and foreign currency, as well as with the exchange, replacement of banknotes of one state (group of foreign states), acceptance for sending for collection to banks outside the territory of the Russian Federation of cash foreign currency and checks (including traveler's checks), the nominal value of which is indicated in foreign currency, not for the purpose of carrying out entrepreneurial activities.

Individual account in a bank located outside the Russian Federation

Article 12 of the Law speaks about the accounts of residents in banks located outside the territory of the Russian Federation, which can be opened by them without any restrictions in banks on the territory of foreign states that are members of the OECD or the Development Group financial measures anti-money laundering (FATF).
Individuals - residents are obliged to notify the tax authorities at the place of their registration about the opening (closing) of accounts (deposits) no later than one month from the date of conclusion (termination) of an agreement on opening an account (deposit) with a bank located outside the territory of the Russian Federation, in the form approved by the tax authorities (this provision is valid for such accounts from 01.01.2007).
The notification form about opening (closing), about changing the details of an account (deposit) in banks located outside the territory of the Russian Federation, and about the presence of accounts in banks outside the territory of the Russian Federation was approved by Order of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated 10.08.2006 N SAE-3-09 / 518 @.

At present, some changes have been made to the existing forms, which will be put into effect by the end of this year.
Individuals - residents have the right to transfer funds to their accounts (deposits) opened with banks outside the territory of the Russian Federation from their accounts (deposits) with authorized banks or from their accounts (deposits) opened with banks outside the territory of the Russian Federation. Transfers of individuals - residents of funds to their accounts abroad from their accounts in authorized banks are carried out upon presentation to the authorized bank during the first transfer of the notification of the tax authority at the place of registration of the resident about opening an account (deposit) with a mark on the acceptance of the specified notification, except for operations required in accordance with the legislation of a foreign state and related to the conditions for opening these accounts (deposits). Individuals - residents have the right, without restrictions, to carry out currency transactions not related to the transfer of property and the provision of services on the territory of the Russian Federation, using funds credited in accordance with the Law to accounts (deposits) opened with banks outside the territory of the Russian Federation.
It is important to note that resident individuals, unlike legal entities, are not required to submit to the tax authorities reports on the movement of funds on accounts (deposits) in banks outside the territory of the Russian Federation with supporting bank documents.
Individuals - residents are required to submit to the tax authorities at the place of their registration only a report on the balances of funds on accounts (deposits) in banks outside the territory of the Russian Federation as of the beginning of each calendar year.

Import into the Russian Federation and export from the Russian Federation of currency values, currency of the Russian Federation and domestic securities

Clause 1 of Art. 15 of the Law reads: "Import into the Russian Federation of foreign currency and (or) the currency of the Russian Federation, as well as traveller's checks, external and (or) internal valuable papers in documentary form, carried out by residents and non-residents without restrictions, subject to the requirements of the customs legislation of the Russian Federation. "
In case of a one-time import into the Russian Federation by an individual resident of cash foreign currency and (or) the currency of the Russian Federation, as well as traveller's checks, foreign and (or) domestic securities in documentary form in an amount exceeding the equivalent of 10 thousand US dollars, imported cash foreign currency and (or) the currency of the Russian Federation, as well as other above-mentioned currency values ​​are subject to declaration customs authority by submitting a written customs declaration for the entire amount of imported foreign currency and (or) specified currency values ​​in documentary form.
Individuals - residents have the right to export from the Russian Federation foreign currency, the currency of the Russian Federation, traveler's checks, foreign and (or) domestic securities in documentary form, previously imported or transferred to the Russian Federation, subject to the requirements of the customs legislation of the Russian Federation within, specified in the customs declaration or other document confirming their import or transfer to the Russian Federation.
Individuals - residents have the right to export from the Russian Federation at a time cash foreign currency and (or) the currency of the Russian Federation in an amount equal to the equivalent of 10 thousand US dollars or not exceeding this amount. In this case, it is not required to submit to the customs authority documents confirming that the exported cash foreign currency and (or) the currency of the Russian Federation was previously imported or transferred to the Russian Federation. In case of a one-time export from the Russian Federation by an individual resident of cash foreign currency and (or) the currency of the Russian Federation in an amount equal to the equivalent of 3 thousand US dollars or not exceeding this amount, the exported cash foreign currency and (or) currency of the Russian Federation is not are subject to declaration to the customs authority. The export of an amount exceeding this threshold always requires a declaration to the customs authority.
A one-time export from the Russian Federation by a resident individual of cash foreign currency and (or) the currency of the Russian Federation in an amount exceeding the equivalent of USD 10 thousand is not allowed, except for cases when the import in such a volume was previously declared in accordance with the established procedure ...
In case of a one-time export from the Russian Federation by an individual resident of traveller's checks in an amount exceeding the equivalent of USD 10 thousand, the exported traveller's checks are subject to declaration to the customs authority by filing a written customs declaration.

conclusions... Summing up, it should be said that at present in our country foreign exchange control over the transactions of resident individuals is quite liberal. Some of the remaining restrictions, such as setting a limit on the amount of currency that must be declared when exported outside the country, limiting the amount of transfer, are temporary and, it seems, will be revised towards softening in the foreseeable future, and then completely canceled. This is dictated by the desire to make the national currency, the ruble, a fully convertible currency, and to turn Moscow into one of the leading financial centers in the world.

Customs clearance of goods by individuals, Foreign economic activity

How to transfer money to a foreign account

Author on Youtube: Offshore | Business abroad Accounts abroad

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Transfers from abroad: instructions for use

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The ability of an individual to carry out non-cash transfers in foreign currency directly depends on whether such a person is a resident of the Russian Federation for the purpose of currency regulation. In turn, citizens of the Russian Federation are recognized as residents, with the exception of permanent residents or temporarily staying (on the basis of work or study visa) in a foreign state for at least a year (subparagraph "a" of paragraph 6 of part 1 of article 1 of the Law of 10.12.2003 N 173-FZ).

Cases when non-cash transfers in foreign currency are allowed and prohibited

Transfers in foreign currency between residents and non-residents, as well as between non-residents, are carried out without restrictions (Articles 6, 10 of Law N 173-FZ).

Transfers in foreign currency between residents are prohibited, except for established cases, including (clauses 12, 13, 17, part 1 of article 9 of Law N 173-FZ):

• transfer from the Russian Federation in favor of resident individuals to their bank accounts outside the territory of the Russian Federation, subject to the limit on the amount;
• transfer by a resident in the Russian Federation from a bank account outside the territory of the Russian Federation in favor of resident individuals to their bank accounts in the territory of the Russian Federation;
• transfer from their accounts in banks on the territory of the Russian Federation in favor of resident spouses or close relatives to their accounts in banks on the territory of the Russian Federation or abroad.

Also, residents can make transfers of foreign currency to their own bank accounts both on the territory of the Russian Federation and abroad. There are no limits on the amount in this case.

Non-cash transfers in foreign currency can be carried out both from an account opened with a bank and without opening such an account.

Cashless transfers from an account opened with a bank

When making a wire transfer in foreign currency from your account, you need to contact the bank where you have an account and submit certain documents.

So, you will need to present a document proving your identity and provide information about the recipient of the transfer (full name, name and details of the bank in which the recipient has an account, and the recipient's account number). In addition, you will need to submit documents that the bank may request from you in order to carry out currency control, including (part 4 of article 12 of Law N 173-FZ; clause 1 of the Ordinance of the Bank of Russia of 20.07.2007 N 1868-U ):

1) when making a transfer for an amount exceeding $ 5,000.

How to transfer money abroad to an individual?

USA (or the equivalent at the rate of the Bank of Russia as of the date of debiting the funds), - information on confirming the recipient's currency and accounting status (that the recipient is a non-resident). Banks independently determine in what form such information should be provided. This can be, for example, a copy of the passport of a citizen of a foreign state of the recipient or an indication of the recipient's non-residence in the "Purpose of payment" column of the payment document;

2) when making a transfer to his bank account outside the territory of the Russian Federation - a notification submitted by a resident to the tax authority at the place of his registration about opening this account with a mark of the tax authority about its acceptance. The specified notification is provided only when making the first transfer. In the future, it is not required;

3) when making a transfer to your spouse, or close relative- documents (copies thereof) confirming kinship, in particular a citizen's passport, birth or marriage certificates.

These documents are not required if you are making a transfer to your spouse or relative to his account opened with a bank outside the Russian Federation for an amount not exceeding USD 5,000 (or the equivalent at the rate of the Bank of Russia as of the date the funds were debited).

Cashless transfers without opening an account

Non-cash transfers without opening an account to individuals are carried out through money transfer systems.

To implement them, you need to make sure that there are service points of the selected system in the country and city of the recipient of the money transfer. As a rule, service points are banks with which payment systems have a contractual relationship.

At the service point of the payment system, you will need to present a document proving your identity and provide information about the recipient of the transfer (full name of the recipient of the transfer, country, city). After depositing funds to the cashier, you will be informed of a control code or other transfer identifier. This information will need to be passed on to the recipient of the transfer so that he can receive the funds.

The transfer without opening a bank account is carried out within a period of no more than three working days from the date of the provision of cash for such a transfer (part 5 of article 5 of the Law of 27.06.2011 N 161-FZ).

When making a transfer from the Russian Federation without opening a bank account through an authorized bank, the transfer amount is also limited. Thus, a transfer within one business day through one bank cannot exceed an amount equivalent to USD 5,000 at the exchange rate of the Bank of Russia on the date of application for making a transfer (clauses 5, 9, part 3 of article 14 of Law N 173- FZ; Ordinance of the Bank of Russia dated March 30, 2004 N 1412-U).

Note!

When a foreign state imposes bans on payment systems whose operators are registered by the Bank of Russia, a wire transfer without opening an account can be carried out from the Russian Federation to such a state, if payment system operators, payment infrastructure service operators, foreign organizations (except for foreign banks and credit organizations), on the basis of contracts with which the translation is made are under control Russian organizations(parts 1, 2, article 19.1 of Law No. 161-FZ).

Features of electronic money transfer

A non-cash transfer without opening a bank account is also possible when transferring electronic money (hereinafter - EMF) using electronic payment systems (for example, WebMoney, Yandex.Money and Qiwi). At the same time, the requirements of the foreign exchange legislation of the Russian Federation apply to e-money transfers in foreign currency (part 3 of article 5, part 24 of article 7 of Law N 161-FZ).

Help: Electronic money

Electronic funds are those funds that are previously provided by an individual to the EMF operator to fulfill his monetary obligations to third parties and in respect of which this individual has the right to transfer orders exclusively using electronic means of payment (clause 18 of article 3 of Law N 161-FZ) ...

In this case, an individual can provide funds to the EMF operator with or without using a bank account. Also, funds in his favor can be provided to the EMF operator by organizations or individual entrepreneurs, if such an opportunity is provided for by an agreement between the individual and the EMF operator. In turn, the latter forms a record on the amount of funds provided to him (parts 2, 4, article 7 of Law N 161-FZ).

The transfer of e-money in favor of their recipients is usually carried out on the basis of an order of an individual - the payer, in individual cases- at the request of the recipients of the EMF. At the same time, payers and recipients of EMF can be clients of one or several EMF operators (parts 7, 8, article 7 of Law N 161-FZ).

As a rule, the transfer is carried out by simultaneously accepting the payer's order by the EMF operator, decreasing his EMF balance and increasing the recipient's EMF balance by the transfer amount. A transfer using a payment card specially designed for this is carried out no more than three working days after the e-money operator accepts the payer's order. A shorter period may be stipulated by an agreement between the e-money operator and the payer or by the rules of the payment system. After that, the e-money transfer becomes irrevocable and the payer's monetary obligations to the e-money recipient are terminated (clause 26 of article 3, part 10, 11, 15, 17 of article 7 of Law N 161-FZ).

Alfa Bank offers its clients to make transfers not only in rubles, but also in foreign currency. When making such a transfer, there are a number of conditions and features that must be taken into account by the client. The wide network of Alfa Bank allows you to make transfers in Russia and in other countries.

More about currency transfers at Alfa Bank

You can make a currency transfer through the nearest bank branch. Transfers are also carried out via the Internet bank. From card to card inside the bank, the transfer is carried out through mobile app or PC.

Correspondent banks are located all over the world. The network includes large banks in the USA, Germany, Switzerland, and the Netherlands.

Translation instructions

To make a transfer, the client must open a foreign currency account with the bank. One-time transactions are made from an express account.

What is required for the transfer of funds in foreign currency, the bank managers will inform the clients when contacting. The rules can be found on the Alfa Bank website.

Step by step actions when making a transfer, the following will be:

A passport can be issued in several ways - by yourself, by sending a ready-made document to the bank or by entering your data into a ready-made form through Personal Area Alfa Click and Alpha Client applications. In the second case, bank employees will fill out the document for you.

Possible problems and nuances

When making transfers, sometimes there are delays in transferring money. The bank has the right to check the data on the transaction in accordance with current legislation... To speed up the resolution of the issue, it is necessary, at the request of the bank, to provide all the documents on the transaction. In the case of settlements between legal entities, these can be clarifying certificates, invoices, agreements, acts.

Payment may be delayed in case of incorrectly specified recipient data. All data, surname, name, patronymic, address are registered.

Available currencies

Transfers through Alfa Bank are made in the most common currencies - US dollars and euros. Transfers are accepted in various foreign currencies - Canadian dollars, Swiss francs, Danish kroner, pounds sterling, Norwegian kroner, Swedish kronor. You can transfer funds in Belarusian rubles and Kazakh tenge.

Estimated time of currency transfers

Alfa Bank provides for the performance of transactions on foreign currency accounts at a certain time. So, for settlements in US dollars, the time is set from 8.00 to 14.00 for filing an application through the bank's office in paper form, for processing urgent transfers through an online bank, the operating time is from 14.00 to 16.00.

How can a Russian transfer money to his account abroad?

Euro Transfer Applications are accepted from 8.00 to 14.00 at the bank, and in the Alfa-Client Online system from 14.00 to 15.00. Canadian dollars, Swiss francs, Danish kroner, pounds sterling, Norwegian kroner, Swedish kronor are transferred from 9.00 to 10.00 through the submission of paper applications and from 9.00 to 11.00 online. Transfers in Belarusian rubles the bank accepts from 8.00 to 12.00, For applications for transfers in foreign currency through the "Alfa-Client Online" system from 12.00 to 13.00. The bank accepts applications for the transfer of Kazakh tenge from 8.00 to 12.00.

Terms of transfers

Transfer between personal accounts with Alfa Bank is instant. Within the bank, currency transfers are made within 24 hours. The transfer to a third-party bank card is made from several minutes to several days. Transfer between countries goes from 5 days to a week. Transfers are credited to the accounts of legal entities within a day without commission.

Commission and restrictions

Translation rates depend on the type of customer card. So for transfers in US dollars and euros outside the Alfa Bank network, a commission of 1299 rubles will be charged from Electron cards, 1199 rubles for Classic cards, 1099 rubles for Gold, and 999 rubles for Platinum. Transfers without a connected package of services will cost 1% of the amount, but not less than 199 rubles and not more than 1999 rubles. For a transfer in foreign currency to the account of Alfa Capital Holding (Ciprus), the bank will take a commission of $ 5. Commissions are charged in rubles, if the cost of the transfer is indicated in dollars, then it is recalculated in rubles. The amount is collected from the account or paid by the client to the bank's cash desk in cash.

For individuals, a transfer of no more than $ 5,000 is allowed at a time. For larger amounts, you need to draw up a passport of the transaction and provide documents on it confirming the basis for the transfer.

Pros and cons of currency transfers at Alfa Bank

One of the main advantages of currency transfers through the Alfa Bank system is the ease of operation. A foreign currency account is opened in the bank, a valid card is tied to it, rubles are transferred to a foreign currency account with conversion into the currency corresponding to the account.

Another advantage is the ability to track expenses directly in the currency in which payments are made. When paying from a foreign currency account, for example, in euros when in Europe, or in pounds sterling when in the UK, or in Swiss francs when in Switzerland, you can control expenses more successfully and accurately: expenses on the card will be in the same currency , in which payment for goods and services is made, or cash is withdrawn from foreign ATMs.

Among the shortcomings of transfers in foreign currency through Alfa Bank, it is possible to note a long transfer of funds in some cases. Recently, there have been problems with transfers from abroad to a foreign currency account in Russian banks.

This is due to the amplification state control for making foreign exchange transactions. In addition, transfers through Alfa Bank are not accepted in all countries. To clarify the possibility of transferring funds to a particular country, contact the manager of Alfa Bank when submitting documents for transfer or by calling +7 495 78-888-78 for individuals, +7 495 755-58-58 for organizations.

Of course, the question of how best to transport their money across the border is of interest to many people who plan long-distance trips and want to ensure their money is safe. There are several options for transporting money. Naturally, the most in a simple way is the carriage of money in cash. Other options: open a bank account and issue a plastic card or transfer cash to special traveler's checks.

Cash, card, travelers checks?

Most travelers choose the first option - they bring money in cash. But they immediately face a problem - the choice of currency. You can, of course, go to the exchange office and buy the currency of the destination country. But many Russian tourists still opt for the dollar (which is accepted almost everywhere) or the euro (if they go to the EU countries). In any case, a tourist's path lies through the exchange office. It should be remembered that the commission for exchanging money is 2-4%.

For owners bank cards any international payment system, the process of obtaining the desired currency is easier. Abroad, rubles can be easily withdrawn in dollars or euros. But you need to take into account some of the nuances. If a plastic card is issued by a company and is used to transfer wages there, then you should go to the bank and find out if this card can be used abroad and what is the fee for withdrawing cash.

It is advisable to have for foreign travel a separate plastic card of such international payment systems as VISA, EurocardCard, MasterCard, JCB, American Express, Diners Club, which are accepted almost all over the world. It should be noted that the cost and terms of production of such a card are different for each bank.

Another way to exchange rubles for a suitable currency is to convert them into traveler's checks. Checks to your appearance resemble ordinary money, with the only difference that they have the signature of the owner. And no one else, except the person who put his signature on the checks, can use them. Traveler's checks in Russia can be purchased in euros (face value: from 50 to 500) and in dollars (face value: from 20 to 1000). The purchase of these checks is made with practically no commission, at the rate of the Central Bank or close to it. And many banks sell American Express checks without any commission fees at all.

Abroad, checks can be cashed in euros, dollars, local currency, while losing 0.5-2% of the amount of the traveler's check. But even here you can save a little. For example, you can use the popular American Express checks to pay in restaurants, hotels, shops in many countries and get change in cash. In addition, there are exchange offices that cash checks into national currency without a commission, just before the trip you need to find out their addresses.

How to keep your money safe on the road?

The most vulnerable and unreliable way of transporting money is the wallet. If you lose it, then no one will recover the money. From this point of view, a plastic card has a number of advantages. If it is stolen or lost, you need to call the bank with a request to block the card. And this should be done as soon as possible so that the scammers do not use the money.

Another problem often arises. The card is blocked and the person cannot withdraw money. After notifying the bank, the person will be transferred up to 50% of the funds that are on the account through the money transfer system. The commission fee for this urgent service will be 10-35 percent of the transfer amount. Holders of "platinum" cards are in a better position, who are issued temporary plastic cards in a short period of time. All the rest, alas, run the risk of being left without money abroad, since the card can be restored only upon returning home. In such a situation, you can ask for a loan from friends (if, of course, there are such in a foreign city) or call home with a request to transfer money using the payment system.

The leading position in the safety of money is taken by a traveler's check.

Currency control requirements

As mentioned above, only the owner can cash a check, and this is quite enough to forget about the worries associated with money. And in case of loss of a traveller's check, it can be restored in any country free of charge within 24 hours. To do this, you just need to call the appropriate traveller's check renewal service.

Transportation of money through customs

At customs, there may be the greatest difficulties associated with the export of money. From Russia, according to the law, it is allowed to export an amount equivalent to no more than $ 10,000 in cash. An amount of more than 10 thousand dollars can be taken out only if a person had previously brought this money into the country and issued a declaration. You also need to pay attention to the fact that if the amount exceeds $ 3,000, then it must be declared.

In this case, a plastic card has advantages, since you can carry at least a lot of money on it and you do not need to declare it. It is also important to know in which countries there are restrictions on the amount withdrawn from a plastic card. For example, in Germany, you can withdraw from the card no more than 1000 euros per day. Similar limits apply in Austria and Switzerland. So before the trip, you need to check with the bank for such details.

Traveler's checks are the optimal solution to problems at customs. With their help, you can transport an unlimited amount of money. And you need to declare checks only if the equivalent amount exceeds $ 10,000.

Of course, everyone chooses for himself the best, optimal way to transport money abroad. Someone prefers cash, because they do not want to get involved with the design of a plastic card. Someone thinks that it is necessary to transport money only in "plastic" in order to secure their savings from possible theft. And someone will buy traveler's checks and go with the "personalized" money on a trip.

3 MONEY TRANSFERS ABROAD

The owners of foreign investments have the right to transfer abroad the income from their liquidation and the profit legally received from the investment.

This right is not incompatible with the above procedure for processing documents, but with a specific provision regarding currency control, as we can see below.

4 INCENTIVES FOR INVESTMENT

a) Regional incentives

In some aspects, they were defined by the directives of the European Union (hereinafter - EU). They apply to businesses that decide to locate in geographic areas with low socio-economic development, high unemployment, or an industry affected by the crisis.

The central administration, with the help of ministries, offers special support programs. In addition, the Autonomous Communities are developing their own programs of action.

Among the incentives, it should be noted the provision of loans for much more favorable terms than existing market offerings designed to finance fixed assets or to start businesses, provide subsidies for investment in research and development, and subsidies for the internationalization of businesses.

b) European Union incentives

Among the Community Funds of the EU budget, so-called structural resources play an important role. These resources are the EU Structural Funds and the Unity Foundation. Both represent the main EU instruments for strengthening economic and social cohesion and leveling differences between regions through co-financing regional development actions with participating countries.

5 EXCHANGE CONTROL

Following EU directives, Spanish legislation on foreign exchange control has been progressively liberalized and today foreign exchange controls do not represent an obstacle to doing business in Spain. In fact, the main principle on which the regulation on foreign exchange control is based is complete freedom of movement of capital and economic transactions with abroad, and any actions, transactions, transactions and operations between residents and non-residents that involve, or from the implementation of which external levy may follow, are free. payments and disbursements, as well as transfers from abroad or abroad, and changes in accounts or financial debit or credit positions associated with abroad, which are no longer restricted, except those specifically stipulated by law.

The basis for this complete liberalization is Directive 88/361 / C.E.E .. However, the Spanish government has gone further and extended its effect to transactions with all countries, regardless of whether they are EU members or not.

In general, it can be argued that the pre-authorization requirement for external money transfers has disappeared.

However, the declaration is necessary in the following cases:

- Export or import into the national territory of cash in the form of metallic money, bank notes and bearer checks, both in national currency and in any other, or any other type of physical medium, including electronic, used as a means of payment, on an amount exceeding € 10.000.00 per person and per trip.

- Movement within the national territory of means of payment, in the form of metallic money, bank notes and bearer checks, both in national currency and in any other, or any other type of physical medium, including electronic, used as a means of payment, on the amount exceeding 10.000,00 euros.

The mentioned electronic means payments do not include registered credit or debit cards.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the collection of fees and payments between residents and non-residents, as well as transfers from or from abroad, made through the banking system, are completely and absolutely free. The registered company only has to submit data on the transaction to the responsible authorities of the state administration and the Bank of Spain. The declaration will not be required if the collection of payments, payments or transfers does not exceed 50.000,00 euros.

Payments and transfers abroad are not subject to prior confirmation of the fulfillment of tax obligations.

For loans and external loans, the following transactions must be declared to the Bank of Spain:

Financing and deferral of collection of fees and payments for a period of more than a year arising from commercial transactions or the provision of services in an amount equal to or exceeding EUR 600,000.00.

Compensation for loans and debits that are made between residents and non-residents, as a result of transactions of any nature, in an amount equal to or exceeding EUR 600,000.00.

Compensation of loans and debits as a result of intermediary transactions in the financial markets carried out by companies that carry out such transactions.

Financial loans received from non-residents or granted to non-residents in an amount equal to or exceeding 3,000,000.00 euros.

With regard to bank accounts, residents can open them in branches represented abroad, both registered and banking institutions or foreign credit companies.

For non-residents - the maintenance and opening of accounts in euros or other currencies in the branches of registered institutions operating in Spain is not subject to restrictions.

6 FINANCIAL SYSTEM

In Spain - modern and diversified financial system, fully integrated into international financial markets. The system includes the credit market, the securities market and the money market.

Only the money market is under direct control public sector, but despite this, it is open to both banks and financial and investment companies and financial intermediaries. Therefore, the number of participating operators is very large. With regard to the credit and securities markets, the administration's job is almost entirely limited to managing the terms of access to ensure the continued presence of legitimate operators, and to oversee the conduct of the company's financial transactions, in accordance with practices commonly used in developed economies. This function is entrusted to the National Commission of the Securities Market.

Operator classification in the Spanish financial system:

1. central bank: Bank of Spain

2 Credit institutions

* Banks
spanish
foreign

* Savings banks

* Credit cooperatives - Rural cash offices

3 Other credit institutions

* Financial lending institutions

* Official Institute credit (ICO)

4. Investment institutions

* Collective investment institutions:

Investment companies:
Movable property
Real estate

Investment funds:
Movable property
Real estate

* Money market assets:

Mortgage-backed securities

Pension plans and funds

* Societies and venture capital funds

5 Firms providing investment services:

* Professional societies and agencies in the field of securities
* Portfolio Management Companies
* Financial Consulting Companies

6 Other management companies:

* Collective investment institutions
* Securities funds
* Pension funds
* Venture capital institutions

7 Insurance, reinsurance companies and insurance brokers

8 Other financial institutions:

* Mutual Guarantee Societies
* Second surety societies

9 Administrative security system

7 ECONOMIC AND MONETARY UNION

An economic and monetary union is understood as a process designed to harmonize the economic and monetary policies of the EU member states in order to establish the euro as a single currency. This union is a sphere that is united by a common market, a single currency and in which a single monetary policy operates.

The euro is circulated in the following EU member states: Portugal, Spain, France, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Austria, Greece, Finland, Ireland, Slovenia, Cyprus, Malta, Estonia and Slovakia. Denmark, Great Britain and Sweden were not included in the monetary union. The rest of the EU member states will enter the euro area when their economies meet the required convergence criteria.

For more information, you can buy the book How to Do Business in Spain.

Business abroad - specifics of doing business + 5 factors that determine the choice of a country + step-by-step instruction how to organize a business + 9 countries for business.

The prospect of developing not only within their homeland increasingly attracts our entrepreneurs to open some business abroad.

In addition, many countries are only too happy to attract foreign investment.

Of course, you will have to face a number of difficulties - the study of legislation, the generation of an up-to-date business idea, the search for funds, the language barrier.

But with a high level of motivation and the right attitude to work, everything will work out.

Today we will talk about the peculiarities of entrepreneurship abroad using the example of various countries, as well as the factors that you need to pay attention to when choosing them.

Features of doing business abroad

To organize a business abroad, you must first of all study the legislation of the state where you are going to conquer new horizons.

A business strategy should be based on the following points:

• loyalty of the government to foreign entrepreneurs;
• what share of the authorized capital of the company a foreigner can own;
• availability of tax incentives for non-residents;
• provision of state support.

The next point that you need to pay attention to if you want to have a business abroad is market research.

Having picked up a few in a particular state and think about how you can advertise your business.

Starting a business abroad will not work without a personal visit to the country.

Firstly, this way there is a chance to get to know the mentality better, and secondly, it’s easier and better to negotiate with suppliers and customers.

Factors Determining the Choice of a Country for Doing Business

There is no specific instruction on how to act if you want to have a business abroad.

After all, different states have their own characteristics - the political and economic situation, exchange rates, taxation.

Therefore, each case is considered separately.

There are a number of factors that determine the choice of the country in which business will be conducted:

Political situation.

It must be stable, and the government must not change laws every year.

In the first place are many European countries, the USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand.

Crime level.

You should be interested in precisely the economic crime in the state, which consists in the corruption of officials, the presence of raider seizures.

Laws regulating the entrepreneurial activity of foreigners.

Here it is worth considering how loyal the government is to non-residents who want to go abroad - whether it is required to obtain a residence permit or can you limit yourself to a long-term visa, whether you need to stay permanently in the country, what is the size and share of a foreigner in the authorized capital of an enterprise, how to obtain licenses or business patents.

Taxation system and the size of the minimum investment.

When choosing a state for doing business abroad, it is necessary to study tax legislation and make an assessment of the proposed case.

With high tax rates and a large amount of authorized capital, you may need to look at other regions where these indicators are much lower.

Culture and mentality.

Differences in culture and mentality can be a serious barrier to doing business abroad, because without cooperation with representatives of the country, it is impossible to build your own business.

Business planning abroad

When planning a business abroad, you need to be more than careful, prepare and draw up a clear plan of action.

You should be aware that running a business is not a resort.

You will have to create new jobs, pay taxes, order materials, and sell goods or provide your services.

So, in order to open a business abroad, you need to take the following steps:

Generation of multiple business ideas.

Come up with a few ideas based on your own knowledge and desires, as well as what you need to implement them abroad.

Selection of countries.

Depending on the ideas you come up with, look for countries in which they will be relevant.

To begin with, consider those that you have been to or that are close to you in spirit.

Also look for information on how busy they are in the market for what you want to sell.

If the idea is innovative, then think about where it will be received with joy and interest, and where it will definitely not be appreciated.

Narrowing down your choices.

After a superficial study, it will already become clear which ideas and in which regions can be implemented.

Choose a maximum of three overseas business areas in which you are ready to work and start exploring them more thoroughly.

Contacting legal advice.

In many large cities, you can find firms that provide advice on starting a business abroad.

There you can get information about the required documents, permits, opening times and the taxation system for foreigners.

Search for a lawyer.

Once you have decided on a business idea and government, find a lawyer who will handle registration issues.

He will make up and collect everything Required documents, will help in concluding agreements with counterparties.

The services of such a person are quite expensive, but without them it will hardly be possible to independently manage the whole process.

Business abroad on the example of 9 countries

Now you can go to the list of countries where you can start a business abroad.

Each of them will have its own characteristics, let's try to briefly consider the main ones.

1. United States of America

The USA is one of the best and most advanced countries where you can start your business abroad.

As for the conduct of entrepreneurial activity by non-residents of the country, in fact, everything is quite simple.

The main difficulty will be getting a visa.

The procedure for registering companies is similar to ours - choosing the organizational and legal form, drawing up a unique name, renting premises, recruiting staff, obtaining permits and licenses, registering with tax office opening a bank account.

Insurance against losses and force majeure is compulsory.

2. Canada

"The lucky person is the person who did what others were about to do."
Jules Renard

If you are looking to start a business overseas, then take a closer look at Canada.

The government of the country supports entrepreneurs.

For example, there is a program to help immigrants who want - The Canada Immigrant Investor Program.

In addition, here you can get a loan on favorable terms under the program to support young entrepreneurs under the age of 29.

To start a business in Canada, you must meet one of three requirements:

1. You must be a qualified professional with higher education, work experience and knowledge of state languages.
2. You must be an entrepreneur in your home country who was able to profit from your business in the amount of $ 300,000.
3. You want to be an overseas business investor with honestly earned $ 1,600,000, half of which you are willing to invest in a business in Canada.

3. Brazil

Deciding to do business abroad, many forget about South America.

And its striking representative is Brazil.

Despite the fact that the government of the country encourages foreign investors, it is not so easy to settle here.

You will need at least $ 50,000, which will give you a "pass" and even the ability to obtain a residence permit.

If you can convince the Immigration Board of the value of your business, then this amount can be reduced.

But still get ready for big expenses.

For example, to get a legal address abroad, you will need to pay more than $ 10,000.

In addition, Brazil is a country with a high level of corruption and complex system taxation.

4. Argentina

Fast and easy registration, relatively small investment and friendly attitude towards foreigners - all this makes Argentina attractive for those who want to start a business abroad.

The main features inherent in starting and doing business in Argentina:

• the minimum amount of the authorized capital is $ 12,000;
• the cost of the procedure for registering a business abroad - $ 7,000;
• to become an investor, who will then have a residence permit, you need to invest about $ 170,000.

5. Germany

Germany is one of the most developed and strongest countries.

Previously, it was rarely chosen by those who wanted it abroad.

This was due to the fact that until 2012 it was necessary to invest at least 250,000 euros and provide jobs for five people.

Now the entrepreneur needs a high-quality business plan and permission from the authorities of the land where the business will operate.

But be prepared for the fact that you will most likely have to hire lawyers or intermediaries who will advise on starting and running a business abroad.

6.Italy

An important feature and attractive feature of Italy is that entrepreneurs - citizens and foreigners have equal rights in doing business.

Also, a non-resident is not required to prove the significance and importance of the business being opened.

The government does not even care whether you will make a profit or not; it is enough for them to receive taxes from you in full and within a certain time frame.

Therefore, if you are looking for a region where you can do business abroad without waiting for a residence permit, then Italy is a suitable option.

In addition, in order to register, you do not need to resort to the services of intermediaries, it is enough to collect all the necessary documents and submit them to the appropriate services.

And within one day, you will become an entrepreneur on the Apennine Peninsula.

7. China

you need to do it on a big scale - to open a full-fledged production and hire a large staff of workers.

Only in this case, you can count on the fact that the business abroad , namely in this state will bring you great profit.

After all, everyone knows that the Celestial Empire is famous for inexpensive goods, so it is not at all profitable to organize a small business with a small turnover.

Companies in which a quarter of the authorized capital is owned by foreigners are called Foreign Invested Enterprise, and those in which a non-resident is the sole owner are called Wholly Foreign Owned Entity.

The size of the authorized capital of the enterprise will depend on the territory of which province you go to start your business.

Also in China there are a number of destinations where foreigners are not allowed, so consider this as well.

8. Japan

Many people mistakenly believe that Japan is not the right place to start a business overseas.

But in reality, the country's government does not create any barriers for foreigners.

In any case, you will have to obtain a tourist or work visa, which will give you the right to certify the company seal required for the registration procedure.

Also given 5 years to fully contribute authorized capital enterprises.

In order for the process of opening and doing business in Japan to be successful, we recommend that you contact firms dealing with this issue.

9. Australia

If you want to have a business abroad, where the government does not care what you do, the main thing is that you give work to its residents, then Australia is for sure suitable for you.

But in order to do business here, you must meet the following requirements:

• availability of a business visa;
• availability of a certificate of knowledge of the English language;
• a bank account for doing business abroad with $ 250,000;
• the enterprise will employ at least three Australian residents;
• an entrepreneur needs to stay on the island for at least 9 months without going anywhere.

How to open a business in Australia for those traveling as part of a student "immigration to Australia",

detailed in the video:

As you might have noticed business abroad- it is possible, but only for those who are ready to work.

Study your idea, which you want to implement abroad, to the smallest detail, draw up a competent business plan, find professionals, and, having enlisted their support, start acting.

Remember that success does not come to those who do nothing.

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People say - one crossing is equal to two fires. Moving a business abroad could be equal to four, but today the Internet, knowledge of languages, entrepreneurial spirit and capital greatly simplify the task. There has always been a layer of entrepreneurs who have had the courage and perseverance to set up business abroad. Many of them then, disappointed, returned back. Nevertheless, it is interesting to understand what motives business is guided by when choosing a country to do business.

The reasons for leaving are different, but they are looking for about the same thing - the best opportunities specifically for their business.

The well-known gallery owner Marat Gelman, for example, moved to Montenegro to work on "changing the cultural environment" on a luxury housing project on the Budva Riviera. In Russia, Gelman's projects have stubbornly not been going on lately, and such orders are still exotic for us. At the same time, Gelman will not have to “break away from his roots”: there is a fairly large Russian community in Montenegro, as well as in Lithuania, Israel, Canada and the United States.

In recent years, Silicon Valley has seen a large influx of Russian IT startups targeting North America. They go for long-term orders in the American market, which is large and more developed in terms of demand for diversified IT products.

Others move abroad to launch, for example, a project focused on Russia, as did the former general director of the popular publishing house Mann, Ivanov and Ferber, Mikhail Ivanov. After selling his stake in the publishing house, he created an online library of non-fiction literature in a 7-10 page summary for individuals and businesses. Among the clients of the service are Sberbank, Sibur, Rosenergoatom and other companies that purchase retellings for their employees.

Ivanov boasts that a small team, most of whom work in outsourcing around the world, lack of production capacity and logistics, as well as a business he knows well, made the project profitable from day one. While in the library there are books in Russian. By expanding the number of languages, the businessman hopes to make it global.

In addition to the usual migration of individual businessmen, another, quite fresh trend has recently emerged: the relocation of an entire office or team abroad.

Nomad stories

The first extravagant and sensational move was the migration of Pavel Durov after his resignation from the post of general director of VKontakte together with his part of a team of 12 people. It is not entirely clear where exactly Durov moved, but his new Telegram service is quite successful in Europe.
Another IT migrant is Game Insight, a major Russian computer game developer, who moved its headquarters to Vilnius last summer. Co-founder and now ex-CEO of Game Insight Alisa Chumachenko explained that Russian origin business allegedly seriously reduced its attractiveness for international investors (Internet version of "Vedomosti": "The largest Russian developer mobile games moves to Lithuania ", 05/29/2014)

As the new CEO of the company, Anatoly Ropotov, said later, the move was more likely associated with a change in the structure of income (Internet version of Kommersant: Alice and Hardcore, 09/04/2014). If in 2012 the United States accounted for 90% of revenue (Game Insight opened an office in California for this), now American users began to bring less money, while European ones, on the contrary, are more and more. Moving the office closer to the markets is a completely logical and logical decision, because Russia accounts for only 10% of the company's market. And it’s more convenient to organize conferences this way: the headquarters of Apple, Google, Facebook are just a stone's throw away. Alisa Chumachenko planned to hire Lithuanian marketers and financiers - salaries are lower. The company also considered that the ecology in Vilnius is better than the Moscow one, rental rates lower, so it is more comfortable to live and work there. The disadvantages of moving are higher taxes. In total, at the time of the move, the company had 900 people, 650 of whom remained in Russia, some were transported to Lithuania, and some were reduced.

With the aggravation of Russian-American relations, the shares of the international IT company Luxoft (holding of the IBS Group) on the New York Stock Exchange fell by 40% (by the way, the US share in the company's sales at the beginning of 2014 was more than 40%). Clients, including Boeing and Deutsche Bank, were seriously worried: at that time, 4.5 thousand programmers worked at Luxoft in Russia and Ukraine, and this is half of the total staff. Luxoft quickly got their bearings and announced the relocation of five hundred key Russian and Ukrainian specialists to Eastern Europe, after which the share price gradually returned to its previous level.
However, not only IT companies are moving. Animation studio Toonbox moved to Cyprus last summer. Its head Pavel Muntyan explained his decision as follows: “... Russians consider our cartoons to be insufficiently Russian. And we do not want to be Russian, we want to be international. Why lock yourself up? " (Newspaper "Our version": "The creative class is packing their bags", November 10, 2014). Although taxes are lower in Cyprus, less travel time to the office and a milder climate, out of 72 team members, most of them had to be cut, and a few refused to relocate. As a result, 15 studio employees with their families moved to Cyprus.

On the other hand, there is Asia as a region with the fastest growing economy and a well-deserved reputation as the "workshop of the world." The production facilities of most of the companies have been located there for a long time. The owner of Gloria Jeans, Vladimir Melnikov, has recently decided to transfer production to Asia and move closer to it. This largest clothing manufacturer and seller in Russia was based in Rostov. By 2014, the company had about 30 factories in Rostov and Volgograd regions and a dozen more in Lugansk and Donetsk regions. During last year Melnikov transferred 80% of its production to Asia, and in October announced the move of the head office to Hong Kong.

* * *

In conclusion, I would like to say that there is nothing extreme or tragic about such transfers. Overseas experience is always a big plus for professional development... And people tend to come back, and business too.

A business that is not affiliated with the state always votes with its feet for its "home port". People who are passionate about their business should be able to choose where to do it. With regard to action large companies, there is always interest here, and it’s always good to understand whose it is.

Although relocation to European countries is popular with companies without production facilities, in terms of ensuring a comfortable life for ordinary employees, it is not so simple there. Firstly, nationalist sentiments in Europe are growing, and secondly, the "entry fee" is growing: the requirements for emigrants are becoming tougher.

The philosophy and way of life of peoples and individuals can be safely extrapolated to the philosophy of doing business. There are nomadic peoples leaving pastures that have become unusable, there are sedentary peoples who rebuild their homes and cities anew after fires and wars. There are traders and there are artisans, both of which earn their living, but they have completely different approaches and different values. All of this is true for business as well. And one more thing: UCMS is not moving anywhere.