Pue 7 year of release. PUE (last edition)
Hello, dear visitors and readers of the Electrician's Notes website.
In many articles published on the pages of this site, I often refer to regulatory technical documents, such as PUE, PTEEP, POT R M-016 and others. I do this in order to prove to the reader that all the requirements are not invented by me out of my head, but are taken strictly from regulatory documents.
PUE (Electrical Installation Rules) is the main regulatory white paper(NTD), which is used by design engineers when creating electrical installations of all modifications and types. If to speak in simple words, then the PUE are the rules that describe electrical devices and the principles of their construction, as well as the basic requirements of individual systems, nodes, elements and communications of the power system.
Let me remind you that the PUE apply to newly constructed and reconstructed electrical installations of direct and alternating current with a voltage of up to 750 (kV), including special electrical installations.
Attention! Currently in the territory Russian Federation the PUE is valid in the form of separate sections and chapters of the 7th edition and the current sections and chapters of the 6th edition.
As for the countries of the former Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the 6th edition of the EMP is still in force there, which is now considered to be somewhat outdated.
I’ll tell you a little about the history of the creation and development of the PUE.
History of PUE (Electrical Installation Rules)
PUE has been in existence for over 50 years. Its publications are constantly supplemented and revised to this day, because there is a constant development of technology and technology, which requires more stringent requirements for electrical safety and reliability of electrical installations.
For example, PUE 5 editions were published in the period from 1976 to 1982 in separate sections. PUE 6 edition was developed and put into effect by the Ministry of Energy and Electrification of the USSR on June 1, 1985.
In the period from 1999 to 2003, individual chapters and sections of the new PUE 7th edition were developed taking into account modern GOSTs, SNiPs and recommendations of working groups.
For example, Chapters 4.1 and 4.2 of the EMP of the 7th edition were approved by order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation on 06/20/2003 and entered into force on 11/01/2003.
At my workplace there is a general edition of PUE-6, as well as newly introduced sections and chapters of PUE-7 in the form of separate brochures.
What is the difference between the PUE of the 7th edition and the PUE of the 6th edition?
The sections and chapters of PUE-7 released into the light have tightened the requirements for electrical safety, which have become practically compliant international standards and norms. Some concepts have also been introduced:
- IT earthing system
- protective grounding (instead of the concept of grounding)
- etc.
I would also like to say that PUE-7 does not take into account the requirements for the protection of electrical installations from fires in accordance with GOST R 50571.17-2000, from overvoltages during ground faults in electrical installations above 1000 (V), from switching and lightning surges and discharges in accordance with GOST R 50571.19-2000, GOST R 50571.18-2000 and GOST R 50571.20-2000.
Thus, the PUE of the 7th edition is not the last edition, but will also be supplemented in the future.
PUE 7 edition download
Dear readers and guests of the site "Electrician's Notes", I suggest you download the current editions of PUE-6 and PUE-7 completely free of charge in in electronic format which I personally use.
I like the electronic version of the PUE (Electrical Installation Rules) because it conveniently, clearly and systematically breaks down all its sections and chapters. I would like to note that in the electronic version of the EMP are laid out in the form of a general publication, i.e. as current chapters from the 6th edition and introduced chapters from the 7th edition.
Another plus of the electronic edition of the PUE is the presence of active links to related clauses of the rules.
If you do not need an electronic edition, then I suggest downloading the PUE in .pdf or .doc formats.
(version in .pdf format, only PUE-7)
(version in .doc format, PUE-6 and PUE-7, broken down by chapters and sections)
Chapter 1.2. POWER SUPPLY AND ELECTRIC NETWORKS
-Scope, definitions
-General requirements
- Categories of electrical receivers and ensuring the reliability of power supply
-Voltage levels and regulation, reactive power compensation
Chapter 1.7. GROUNDING AND ELECTRICAL SAFETY
-Application area.
-Terms and Definitions.
-General requirements
-Measures of protection against direct contact
-Measures of protection against direct and indirect contact
- Protective measures for indirect contact
- Grounding devices of electrical installations with voltage above 1 kV in networks with effectively grounded neutral
- Grounding devices of electrical installations with voltage above 1 kV in networks with isolated neutral
- Grounding devices of electrical installations with voltage up to 1 kV in networks with dead-earthed neutral
- Grounding devices of electrical installations with voltage up to 1 kV in networks with isolated neutral
-Grounding devices in areas with high earth resistivity
-Groundings. Ground conductors Main ground bar
- Protective conductors (P-conductors)
-Combined zero protective and zero working conductors (RELT-conductors)
- Conductors of the potential equalization system
- Connections and connections of grounding, protective conductors and conductors of the equalization and potential equalization system
- Portable electrical receivers
-Mobile electrical installations.
-Electrical installations of premises for keeping animals
Chapter 1.8. STANDARDS OF ACCEPTANCE TESTS
1.8.13. General provisions Synchronous generators and compensators DC machines
1.8.14. AC motors
1.8.15. Power transformers, autotransformers, oil reactors and grounding arc quenching reactors (arc coils)
1.8.16. Measuring current transformers
1.8.17. Instrument voltage transformers Oil circuit breakers
1.8.18. Air circuit breakers
1.8.19. SF6 circuit breakers, Vacuum circuit breakers
1.8.20. Load break switches
1.8.21. Disconnectors, separators and short circuiters
Complete switchgears for indoor and outdoor installation (KRU i-KRUN)"
1.8.26. Complete current ducts (bus ducts)
1.8.27. Busbars and connecting busbars
1.8.28. Dry current limiting reactors
1.8.29. Electrostatic precipitators
1.8.30. Capacitors
1.8.31. Valve arresters and surge arresters
1.8.32. Tubular arresters
1.8.33. Fuses, fuse-disconnectors with voltages above 1 kV
1.8.34. Bushings and bushings
1.8.35. Suspension and support insulators
1.8.36. transformer oil
1.8.37. Electrical devices, secondary circuits and electrical wiring up to 1 kV
1.8.38. Rechargeable batteries
1.8.39. Grounding devices
1.8.40. Power cable lines
Overhead power lines with voltage above 1 kV
Chapter 1.9. INSULATION OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
-General requirements
-Insulation
External glass and porcelain insulation of electrical equipment and Qpy
Selection of insulation according to discharge characteristics
Determining the degree of pollution
Coefficients of use of the main types of insulators and insulating structures (glass and porcelain)
Section 2. POWER TRANSMISSION
Chapter 2.4. OVERHEAD POWER LINES WITH VOLTAGE UP TO 1 KB.
-Application area. Definitions
-General requirements
-Climatic conditions
-Wires. Linear reinforcement
- Arrangement of wires on supports
-Insulation
-Grounding. Surge protection
-Supports
-Dimensions, intersections and convergence.
- Intersections, convergence, joint suspension of overhead lines with communication lines of wire broadcasting and RK
- Intersections and convergence of overhead lines with engineering structures
Chapter 2.5. OVERHEAD POWER LINES
VOLTAGE ABOVE 1 KB
-Application area. Definitions
-General requirements.
- Requirements for the design of overhead lines, taking into account the peculiarities of their repair and Maintenance.
- Protection of overhead lines from exposure environment
-Climatic conditions and loads
- Wires and lightning protection cables.
- The location of wires and cables and the distance between them
-Insulators and fittings
- Surge protection, grounding
- Supports and foundations
-Large transitions
- Suspension of fiber-optic communication lines on overhead lines.
- Passage of overhead lines through uninhabited and hard-to-reach areas.
- Passage of overhead lines through plantings
- Passage of overhead lines in populated areas
- Crossing and approaching overhead lines to each other
- Crossing and approaching overhead lines with communication, signaling and wire broadcasting facilities
-Intersection and convergence of overhead lines with railways
- Intersection and convergence of overhead lines with highways.
- Crossing, approaching or parallel following VL with trolleybus and tram lines
-Intersection of overhead lines with bodies of water
- Passage of overhead lines on bridges
- Passage of overhead lines along dams and dams
- Approximation of overhead lines with explosive and fire hazardous installations
-Crossing and approaching overhead lines with above-ground and surface pipelines, oil and gas transport facilities and cable cars
- Intersection and approach of overhead lines with underground pipelines
- Approximation of overhead lines with airfields and heliports
-Appendix 1. Distances between wires and between wires and cables according to dance conditions
Annex 2. Reference material for chapter 2.5 PP9.
List of reference normative documents
Section 4. SWITCHGEAR AND SUBSTATIONS
Chapter 4.1. SWITCHGEAR WITH VOLTAGE UP TO 1 KB AC AND UP TO 1.5 KB DC
-Application area
-General requirements
-Installation of devices and devices
-Tires, wires, cables
-Switchgear designs
-Installation of switchgears in electrical rooms
-Installation of switchgear industrial premises-Installation of switchgears in the open air.
Chapter 4.2. SWITCHGEAR AND SUBSTATIONS WITH VOLTAGE ABOVE 1KB
-Scope, definitions.
-General requirements. Open switchgears
-Biological protection against electric and magnetic fields
- Closed switchgears and substations
-Intrashop switchgears and transformer substations
- Complete, pole, mast transformer substations and network sectioning points
- Lightning surge protection
-Protection of rotating electrical machines against lightning surges
- Internal surge protection
-Pneumatic economy
-Oil farming
-Installation of power transformers and reactors
-Appendix. Reference material for chapter 4.2 of the PUE.
-List of reference normative documents
Section 6. ELECTRIC LIGHTING
Chapter 6.1. A COMMON PART
-Application area. Definitions
-General requirements
-Emergency lighting
-Execution and protection of lighting networks
- Protective security measures
Chapter 6.2. INTERIOR LIGHTING.
-General requirements
- Supply lighting network
- Group network
Chapter 6.3. OUTDOOR LIGHTING
-Light sources, installation of lighting fixtures and poles
- Supply of outdoor lighting installations
-Implementation and protection of outdoor lighting networks
Chapter 6.6. LIGHTING AND WIRING DEVICES
-Lighting
- Wiring devices
Section 7. ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR SPECIAL INSTALLATIONS
Chapter 7.1. ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS OF RESIDENTIAL, PUBLIC, ADMINISTRATIVE AND HOUSEHOLD BUILDINGS.
-Application area. Definitions. General requirements. Power supply.
- Introductory devices, switchboards, distribution points, group shields
-Wiring and cable lines
- Internal electrical equipment
-Electricity metering
- Protective security measures
Chapter 7.2. ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS FOR ENTERTAINMENT ENTERPRISES, CLUB ESTABLISHMENTS AND SPORTS FACILITIES
-Application area. Definitions
-General requirements. Power supply
- Electric lighting
-Power equipment,
-Laying cables and wires
- Protective security measures
Chapter 7.5. ELECTROTHERMAL INSTALLATIONS
-Application area.
-Definitions.
-General requirements
- Installations of arc furnaces of direct, indirect action and resistance arc furnaces Installations of induction and dielectric heating
- Installations of resistance furnaces of direct and indirect action
- Electron-beam installations
-Ion and laser installations.
Chapter 7.6. ELECTRIC WELDING INSTALLATIONS
-Application area
-Definitions
-General requirements
-Requirements for premises for electric welding installations and welding stations
- Installations of electric welding (cutting, surfacing) by melting
- Installations of electric welding with application of pressure
Chapter 7.10. ELECTROLYSIS AND ELECTROLYSIS PLANTS
-Application area
-Definitions. Composition of installations
-General requirements.
- Plants for electrolysis of water and aqueous solutions
- Electrolysis plants for hydrogen production (hydrogen stations)
- Electrolysis plants for chlorine production
- Magnesium electrolysis plants
- Aluminum electrolysis plants
- Installations of electrolytic refining of aluminum
- Electrolysis plants of ferroalloy production
- Electrolysis plants for nickel-cobalt production
- Copper electrolysis plants
-Electroplating installations
Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE) is the main regulatory and technical document that designers are guided by when calculating electrical installations of all types and modifications.
In other words, PUE are rules that describe the principles for constructing electrical devices, as well as the basic requirements for power systems, electrical components, elements and communications.
In fact, the PUE is the Bible and the main reference book for any qualified electrician. If a master comes to you who does not know what the Electrical Installation Rules are, this is not an electrician. Hit him in the neck.
The rules described in the PUE apply to newly constructed or reconstructed electrical installations of direct and alternating current with a voltage of up to 750 (kV), including special electrical installations.
Currently, the PUE operates on the territory of the Russian Federation in the form of separate sections and chapters of the 7th edition and the current sections and chapters of the 6th edition.
The history of the creation of the Rules
PUE has existed for over 65 years (the first edition was published back in 1949). Due to the constant development of technology, the emergence of new technologies, the increasing requirements for electrical safety and reliability of electrical installations, these rules are continuously supplemented and revised.
For example, the fifth edition was published between 1976 and 1982 in separate sections. PUE 6 was developed and put into effect by the USSR Ministry of Energy and Electrification on June 1, 1985, and most of it is still in effect today.
Gradually, the obsolete chapters of PUE 6 are being replaced with the corresponding chapters of PUE 7, as they are developed taking into account the most modern GOSTs, SNiPs and recommendations of working groups. Thus, the 6th edition of the PUE is still valid, with the exception of some obsolete chapters (see their list below).
In the period from 2000 to 2003, the following chapters of PUE 6 became invalid (and, accordingly, chapters of PUE 7 came into force):
- July 1, 2000 - section 6 in its entirety, as well as chapters 7.1, 7.2;
- January 1, 2003 - chapters 1.1, 1.2, 1.7, 7.5, 7.6;
- September 1, 2003 - chapter 1.8;
- October 1, 2003 - chapters 2.4, 2.5;
- November 1, 2003 - chapters 4.1, 4.2.
What is the difference between the PUE of the 7th edition and PUE 6?
The sections and chapters of PUE-7 released into the light have tightened the requirements for electrical safety, which have become practically in line with international standards and norms. Some concepts have also been introduced, for example:
- grounding system TN-S;
- grounding system TN-С-S;
- grounding system TN-C;
- TT grounding system;
- IT grounding system;
- protective grounding came to replace the concept of zeroing;
- etc.
I would like to note that PUE-7 still does not take into account the requirements for the protection of electrical installations from fires in accordance with GOST R 50571.17-2000, from overvoltages during ground faults in electrical installations above 1000 (V), from switching and lightning overvoltages and discharges in accordance with GOST R 50571.19-2000, GOST R 50571.18-2000 and GOST R 50571.20-2000. Thus, it is obvious that PUE 7 is not a complete edition, and will be supplemented in the future.
Our website presents, consisting of the PUE of the 6th edition with all the chapters from the 7th edition that have entered into force. Thus, this is the most complete and most up-to-date version of the Electrical Installation Rules subject to all official changes and additions.
Also you can (PDF, 3 Mb) in order to print it on paper.
The rules for the installation of electrical installations contain a set of requirements for the design, placement, maintenance, operation and repair of electrical installations. In the article you can read and download the full text of the PUE in the 7th edition.
Read in the article:
What is established by the Rules for the installation of electrical installations
PUE-7 is a revised 6th edition. The Rules establish requirements for electrical networks and equipment both for outdoor use and inside buildings or advertising structures.
The 7th edition contains general electrical power supply, test standards, and protection and insulation. The second section is devoted to the transmission of electricity through overhead lines. We are talking about power lines with voltage up to 1 kV and above. Not only descriptions of the types of overhead lines are given, but also the procedure for calculating their parameters.
The fourth section regulates the operation of substations and switchgear, the sixth - electric lighting and lighting fixtures for outdoor and indoor use, advertising structures.
The seventh section establishes the rules for the use of electrical equipment of special installations. These include, for example:
- elevators;
- water installations;
- electrical components of fire alarms;
- power equipment and more.
PUE establish the materials from which certain devices should be made, the cross-section of cables for certain loads. It also provides formulas for calculating loads, describes the possibility of using specific equipment in specific environmental parameters (temperature, humidity) or climatic conditions.
Classification of premises for electrical safety
- premises without increased danger;
- premises with increased danger;
- areas are especially dangerous.
In rooms without increased danger, optimal conditions are maintained for the operation of equipment and electrical networks. They do not have the conditions characteristic of groups 2 and 3.
Hazardous premises are subject to one of the following conditions:
- humidity from 60 to 70% or dust capable of conducting current;
- floors made of metal, reinforced concrete, brick or earthen (conductive);
- high temperature inside;
- the probability for a person to grasp with one hand the grounded metal structures of the building, machines, equipment, and the other for the bare parts of electrical equipment.
Especially dangerous premises for electrical safety are characterized by at least one of the following parameters:
- humidity about 100%;
- organically or chemically active environment;
- two or more conditions from the second group at the same time.
Electrical installations located outdoors (on the street) are equated to especially dangerous premises. It's connected with .
General instructions for electrical installations
All equipment, products and materials used in electrical installations (hereinafter - EU) must undergo mandatory certification in accordance with state standards(GOST) or technical conditions (TU). When designing electrical installations and selecting components, it is necessary to take into account the conditions of future operation.
The surrounding infrastructure (heating, air conditioning, water supply, etc.) must be arranged in accordance with the SNiP and the requirements of the latest version of the PUE, and the power plants themselves should not be applied.
In the presence of factors contributing to pollution (electromagnetic, noise, vibration, etc.), the construction of protective structures is required to neutralize the harmful effects. In addition, it is necessary to organize the disposal of waste.
When designing a power plant in accordance with the rules for the installation of electrical installations PUE - 7th edition, it is necessary to take into account the economic feasibility and the need to use advanced technologies and materials that reduce resource consumption.
All elements and cables of the same type must be uniformly designated in accordance with GOST R 50462 with letters or colors. All power plants must be fenced, and the fences must have the necessary strength. In public premises, solid fences are used, in specialized ones, without access by outsiders, mesh or non-continuous fences are allowed. Newly commissioned installations, new or after reconstruction, must be subjected to acceptance tests.
Scope of PUE
The PUE defines an electrical installation. This is a complex of lines, devices, machines, as well as auxiliary equipment designed to receive, redistribute, convert electricity. This complex includes not only machinery and equipment, but also the premises in which they are located (in the case of closed installations).
In addition to closed electrical installations located indoors, open or outdoor ones are also distinguished. They, in turn, are either not protected from the environment at all or are fenced with a mesh fence or canopies (clause 1.1.4 of the EMP). The open ones include power lines, street transformers, etc.
In turn, electrical facilities are divided into:
- dry (humidity< 60%);
- wet (humidity 60-70%);
- raw (moisture > 75%);
- especially raw (humidity about 100%);
- hot (ambient temperature > 35 ° C constantly or periodically (more than 1 day));
- dusty;
- with a chemically or organically active medium.
The rules in question apply to new electrical installations or installations in the process of reconstruction. Moreover, direct and alternating current in them should not exceed 750 kV.
A separate section of the Rules is dedicated to the operation of electrical installations special purpose. If the installation is not described in section 7, then its device is regulated by another normative act. However, the use of PUE is possible for such devices if they are similar to those described in the publication.
The applicability of the Rules to already operating facilities is determined by the possibility of increasing their efficiency and reliability during further operation. As for the objects of reconstruction, the Rules apply only to those parts that are subject to reconstruction.
What changes have been made to the Electrical Code, edition 7
The 7th edition of the PUE is a revised sections and individual chapters of the sixth edition. Those chapters that are not revised remained in the 6th edition and are still used in this edition. Therefore, in the 7th edition, for example, there are no sections 3 and 5.
Edited chapters have been contributed to the 7th edition for 17 years. Thus, Sections 6 (Chapters 6.1-6.6) and 7 (Chapters 7.1 and 7.2) were the first to be revised. They were approved by Order of the Minister of Fuel and Energy of the Russian Federation dated October 6, 1999 No.
The remaining sections began to apply in 2003, but they were approved in different time and different commands:
- Chapters 1.1, 1.2, 1.7, 1.9, 7.5, 7.6, 7.10 - by Order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of July 8, 2002 No. 204;
- Chapter 1.8 - Order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation dated April 9, 2003 No. 150;
- Chapters 2.4 and 2.5 - by Order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation dated 20.05.2003 No. 187;
- Chapters 4.1 and 4.2 - by Order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation dated 06/20/2002 No. 242.
Chapter 1.1 General
General instructions for electrical installations
Chapter 1.2 Power supply and Electricity of the net
Application area. Definitions
General requirements
Categories of electrical receivers and ensuring the reliability of power supply
Voltage levels and regulation, reactive power compensation
Chapter 1.7 Grounding and Electrical Safety Measures
Application area. Terms and Definitions
General requirements
Protective measures against direct contact
Protective measures against direct and indirect contact
Protective measures for indirect contact
Grounding devices for electrical installations with voltages above 1 kV in networks with effectively grounded neutral
Grounding devices for electrical installations with voltages above 1 kV in networks with isolated neutral
Grounding devices of electrical installations with voltage up to 1 kV in networks with dead-earthed neutral
Grounding devices of electrical installations with voltage up to 1 kV in networks with isolated neutral
Grounding devices in areas with high earth resistivity
Earthing switches
Grounding conductors
Main ground bus
Protective conductors (PE conductors)
Combined zero protective and zero working conductors (PEN-conductors)
Conductors of the potential equalization system
Connections and connections of grounding, protective conductors and conductors of the potential equalization and equalization system
Portable electrical receivers
Mobile electrical installations
Electrical installations of premises for keeping animals
Chapter 1.8. Acceptance test standards
1.8.1 - 1.8.12. General provisions
1.8.13. Synchronous generators and compensators
1.8.14. DC machines
1.8.15. AC motors
1.8.16. Power transformers, autotransformers, oil reactors and grounding arc quenching reactors (arc coils)
1.8.17. Measuring current transformers
1.8.18. Measuring voltage transformers
1.8.19. Oil circuit breakers
1.8.20. Air circuit breakers
1.8.21. SF6 circuit breakers
1.8.22. Vacuum circuit breakers
1.8.23. Load break switches
1.8.24. Disconnectors, separators and short circuiters
1.8.25. Complete switchgears for indoor and outdoor installation (KRU and KRUN)
1.8.26. Complete current ducts (bus ducts)
1.8.27. Busbars and connecting busbars
1.8.28. Dry current limiting reactors
1.8.29. Electrostatic precipitators
1.8.30. Capacitors
1.8.31. Valve arresters and surge arresters
1.8.32. Tubular arresters
1.8.33. Fuses, fuse-disconnectors with voltages above 1 kV
1.8.34. Bushings and bushings
1.8.35. Suspension and support insulators
1.8.36. transformer oil
1.8.37. Electrical devices, secondary circuits and electrical wiring up to 1 kV
1.8.38. Rechargeable batteries
1.8.39. Grounding devices
1.8.40. Power cable lines
1.8.41. Overhead power lines with voltage above 1 kV
Chapter 1.9 Insulation of electrical installations
Application area. Definitions
General requirements
VL insulation
External glass and porcelain insulation of electrical equipment and outdoor switchgear
Selection of insulation according to discharge characteristics
Determining the degree of pollution
Coefficients of use of the main types of insulators and insulating structures (glass and porcelain)
Section 2. Sewerage of electricity
Chapter 2.4 Overhead power lines with voltage up to 1 kV
Application area. Definitions
General requirements
Climatic conditions
Wires. Linear reinforcement
Arrangement of wires on poles
Insulation
Grounding. Surge protection
supports
Dimensions, intersections and convergence
Intersections, convergence, joint suspension of overhead lines with communication lines, wire broadcasting and RK
Intersections and convergence of vl with engineering structures
Chapter 2.5 Overhead power lines with voltage above 1 kV
Application area. Definitions
General requirements
Requirements for the design of overhead lines, taking into account the peculiarities of their repair and maintenance
Protection of overhead lines from environmental influences
Climatic conditions and loads
Wires and lightning protection cables
The location of wires and cables and the distance between them
Insulators and fittings
Surge protection, grounding
Supports and foundations
Big transitions
Suspension of fiber-optic communication lines on overhead lines
Passage of overhead lines in uninhabited and hard-to-reach areas
Passage of overhead lines through plantings
Passage of overhead lines in populated areas
Crossing and approaching overhead lines to each other
Crossing and approaching overhead lines with communication, signaling and wire broadcasting facilities
Crossing and approaching overhead lines with railways
Crossing and approaching overhead lines with highways
Crossing, approaching or parallel following overhead lines with trolleybus and tram lines
Crossing overhead lines with water areas
Passage of overhead lines on bridges
Passage of overhead lines along dams and dikes
Rapprochement of overhead lines with explosive and fire hazardous installations
Crossing and approaching overhead lines with aboveground and surface pipelines, oil and gas transport facilities and cable cars
Crossing and approaching overhead lines with underground pipelines
Rapprochement of overhead lines with airfields and heliports
Appendix. Distances between wires and between wires and cables according to dance conditions
Section 4. Switchgears and substations
Chapter 4.1 Switchgears up to 1 kV AC and up to 1.5 kV DC
Application area
General requirements
Installation of devices and devices
Tires, wires, cables
Switchgear designs
Installation of switchgears in electrical rooms
Installation of switchgears in industrial premises
Outdoor switchgear installation
Chapter 4.2 Switchgears and substations with voltages above 1 kV
Scope, definitions
General requirements
Open switchgears
Biological protection against the effects of electric and magnetic fields
Closed switchgears and substations
Intrashop switchgears and transformer substations
Complete, pole, mast transformer substations and network sectioning points
Lightning surge protection
Pneumatic economy
Oil farm
Installation of power transformers and reactors
Appendix. Reference material for chapter 4.2 of the PUE. List of reference normative documents
Section 6. Electric lighting
Chapter 6.1 General
Application area. Definitions
General requirements
Emergency lighting
Execution and protection of lighting networks
Protective security measures
Chapter 6.2 Interior lighting
General requirements
Supply lighting network
group network
Chapter 6.3 Outdoor lighting
Light sources, installation of lighting fixtures and poles
Supply of outdoor lighting installations
Execution and protection of outdoor lighting networks
Chapter 6.4 Illuminated advertising, signs and illumination
Chapter 6.5 Light Control
General requirements
Interior lighting control
Outdoor lighting control
Chapter 6.6 Lighting fixtures and wiring devices
Lighting
Wiring devices
Section 7 Electrical equipment of special installations
Chapter 7.1 Electrical installations of residential, public, administrative and household buildings
Application area. Definitions
Introductory devices, switchboards, distribution points, group shields
Wiring and cable lines
Internal electrical equipment
Electricity metering
Protective security measures
Chapter 7.2 Electrical installations of entertainment establishments, clubs and sports facilities
Application area. Definitions
General requirements. Power supply
electric lighting
Power equipment
Laying cables and wires
Protective security measures
Chapter 7.5 Electrothermal installations
Application area
Definitions
General requirements
Installations of arc furnaces of direct, indirect action and resistance arc furnaces
Induction and dielectric heating plants
Installations of direct and indirect resistance furnaces
Electron-beam installations
Ion and laser installations
Chapter 7.6 Electric Welding Systems
Application area
Definitions
General requirements
Requirements for premises for welding installations and welding stations
Installations of electric welding (cutting, surfacing) by melting
Electric pressure welding systems
Chapter 7.10 Electrolysis and electroplating plants
Application area
Definitions. Composition of installations
General requirements
Plants for the electrolysis of water and aqueous solutions
Electrolysis plants for hydrogen production (hydrogen stations)
Electrolysis plants for chlorine production
Magnesium electrolysis plants
Aluminum electrolysis plants
Aluminum electrolytic refining plants
Electrolysis plants of ferroalloy production
Electrolysis plants for nickel-cobalt production
Copper electrolysis plants
Electroplating plants
Popular
- Profitable business: how to open a marriage agency
- Paving slab production business plan from a to z How to open a paving slab manufacturing business
- Franchise cost and cost of ownership
- How to open a recruitment agency
- Typical mistakes when renting premises for a store
- How to get a license to trade in flowers
- Classification of business centers and shopping centers
- Potato growing business: sales features and profit
- New projects in Russia to be led by Dmitry Sokov New projects in Russia will make EuroChem a world leader
- Where Nordman tires are made