Electronic educational and methodical complex on the discipline "management" educational and methodical material on the topic. Electronic educational and methodical complex in the discipline "management" educational and methodological material on the topic Management strategy of motivation
(FEFU)
Branch in Arsenyev
EDUCATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL COMPLEX OF THE DISCIPLINE
Specialty 080502.65
Full-time form of education
FEFU branch in Arsenyev
Well _3,
semester 6
Lectures - 34 hour.
Workshops _17_ hour.
Seminars 0 hour.
Laboratory works 0 hour.
Consultations
51 hour.
Independent work 87 hour.
Abstract works _ 0
Test papers _ 0
offset - semester
Exam__ 6
_ semester
Educational methodical complex compiled in accordance with the requirements of the state educational standard of higher professional education, approved by _ 17.03.2000
_ №__238 eq/sp.
The educational and methodological complex was discussed at a meeting of the Council of the branch, the protocol from " 07
» June 2012
№ 2.
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution
higher professional education
"Far Eastern Federal University"
(FEFU)
Branch in Arsenyev
WORKING PROGRAM OF THE DISCIPLINE
"management: BASICS OF MANAGEMENT"
Specialty 080502.65 "Economics and management at the enterprise (by industry)"
Code and name of the specialty
Full-time form of education
FEFU branch in Arsenyev
Well _3_,
semester 6
Lectures - 34 hour.
Workshops - _17_ hour.
Seminars - 0 hour.
Laboratory work - 0 hour.
Consultations
Total classroom hours 51 hour.
Independent work 87 hour.
Abstract works _ 0
Test papers _ 0
offset - semester
Exam__ 6
_ semester
Working programm compiled in accordance with the requirements of the state educational standard of higher professional education, approved by _ 17.03.2000
_ №__238 eq/sp.
The work program was discussed at a meeting of the Branch Council, minutes from " 07
» June 2012
№ 2.
Compiled by: Ph.D., Associate Professor G.V. Petruk
I:
(signature) (acting surname)
II. The work program was revised at a meeting of the Branch Council:
Protocol dated "_____" _________________ 20, No. ______
Branch Manager _______________________ __________________
(signature) (acting surname)
Requirements of the state educational standard The need and necessity of management in human activities. Management in the system of market economy concepts. Evolution of management: conditions and prerequisites for the emergence of management, schools of management. Features of Russian management. Integration processes in management. External and internal environment of the organization. Factors of direct and indirect impact. Management systems: functions and organizational structures. Management processes: goal-setting and situation assessment, management decision-making. Mechanisms of management: means and methods of management. Diversification of management, typology and choice of alternative effective management. Economics and sociology of personnel management and the formation of human capital. Manager personality. Leadership and management style. Power and partnership. Group dynamics and conflict resolution. Formal and informal management. Resources, quality and management efficiency. Management information system. Innovative potential of management, professionalization of management
1. Goals and objectives of the discipline
The discipline "Fundamentals of Management" is a general professional discipline that forms the basic knowledge necessary for the development of special disciplines. Designed to train specialists in the field of economics and enterprise management in mechanical engineering. Mastering knowledge in this area today contributes to the formation of a new economic thinking, opens the prospect for an active creative and business life. The purpose of the course "Fundamentals of Management" is to form future specialists with modern fundamental knowledge in the field of the foundations of the theory of enterprise management, to teach how to apply theoretical knowledge in practical situations.
The objectives of the course "Fundamentals of Management":
Studying the goals and objectives of managing organizations;
Mastering general knowledge about management as a type of activity;
Studying the functions of production and personnel management;
Formation of knowledge and skills in planning, decision making, control in management;
Understanding the nature of the actions and relationships of people in the management process.
The course "Fundamentals of Management" is an initial course for mastering economic and managerial disciplines such as: "Management in mechanical engineering", "Marketing", "Personnel management", "Enterprise economics".
3. Requirements for the level of mastering the content of the discipline
As a result of the theoretical study of the course, students should know:
Main tasks and functions of management;
Factors of the external and internal environment of the organization and methods of their analysis;
Types of goals and strategies of the organization;
Types of organization plans, methods and principles of planning;
Principles of structuring organizations, types of organizational structures and methods for their selection and construction;
Decision-making technology;
The content of the communication process in organizations, types and means of communication and ways to improve communications;
The content of the control function of management, stages and types of control;
The content of the main theories of motivation, methods of stimulating staff;
Classification of management styles, approaches to choosing a management style in an organization.
Analyze the external and internal environment of the organization;
Build a tree of organization goals;
To carry out the choice of the form of the organizational structure, the construction of the management structure;
Analyze the existing communication structures and propose measures for their improvement;
To carry out the development of a control system in the organization, to determine ways to improve it;
Choose the most effective ways in a particular situation to stimulate employees of the organization;
Analyze the management styles used in the organization and identify ways to improve them.
On the stages of management development and management features in Russia and abroad.
The content of the discipline
| Name of the discipline section | Semester weeks | Types of educational work including independent work of students and labor intensity (in hours) | Forms of current progress control. Form of intermediate certification by semesters |
||
| L | PZ | SR |
|||
| 1. Methodological foundations of management. Concept and essence of management. The evolution of management. Goals and objectives of management. The influence of national-historical factors on the development of management. Features of Russian management. | 1 | 2 | - | 5 | testing |
| 2. Internal and external environment of the organization. Organization as a function of management. The internal environment of the organization and its components. Characteristic external environment organizations. Factors of direct and indirect impact. | 2 | 2 | 2 | 8 | testing |
| 3. Fundamentals of the theory of managerial decision-making. The concept and types of solutions. Decision making process. Decision making styles. Conditions for the effectiveness of management decisions. | 3-4 | 4 | 2 | 10 | testing |
| 4. Planning function. Essence of planning. Forms and types of planning. The main stages of planning. | 5-6 | 2 | - | 5 | testing |
| 5. Structures of the organization. Organizational relations in the management system. The concept and types of organizational structures. Methods for designing organizational structures. Delegation. Linear and hardware powers. The effectiveness of the organization of powers. | 6 | 4 | 2 | 5 | testing |
| 6. The system of labor motivation. Essence and criteria of labor motivation. Theories of labor motivation. The process of labor motivation. | 7-8 | 2 | 4 | 8 | testing |
| 7. Management methods. Economic methods. administrative methods. Socio-psychological. | 9 | 2 | - | 5 | testing |
| 8. Control. The essence of control. Types and forms of control. Control processes. Characteristics of effective control. | 10 | 2 | - | 6 | testing |
| 9. Communications. The concept and types of communication. Communication process. Barriers to interpersonal communications. | 11-12 | 4 | 2 | 8 | testing |
| 10 The concept of teams and groups. Management of formal and informal groups. group behavior. Stages of group development. | 13 | 2 | - | 5 | testing |
| 11. Leadership and leadership. Manager personality. Leadership and management style. Power and partnership. Modern leadership theories. | 14 | 2 | 2 | 8 | testing |
| 12. Conflict management. Essence and classification of conflicts. Conflict management methods. Consequences of conflicts. | 15-16 | 4 | 2 | 7 | testing |
| 13. Manager's innovative potential. The concept and types of innovation. Stages of the innovation process. Organization of creative work. | 17 | 2 | 1 | 7 | testing |
| Total: | 34 | 17 | 87 | exam |
|
6. List and summary practical work and seminars
| № | Partition number | Name of the practical lesson |
| 1 | 2 | Practical work. External and internal environment of the organization.
|
| 2 | 3 | Practical work - training: Decision-making process.
|
| 5 | Practical work - training: management.
|
|
| 6 | Practical work - training: Motivation and effectiveness of the organization.
|
|
| 3 | 6 | Seminar. Motivation of work at the enterprise.
|
| 4 | 9 | Practical work - training: Communication behavior in the organization.
|
| 5 | 11 | Practical work - training: Leadership in the organization.
|
| 6 | 12 | Practical work - training: Situational analysis on conflict resolution problems. |
| 7 | Final testing. |
List of typical questions for the final control.
Ryzhikov Sergey Nikolaevich
teacher ,
G (O) BOU SPO Lebedyansky Trade and Economic College
Lebedyan, Lipetsk region
UMK MANAGEMENT FOR STUDENTS SPECIALTIES ACCOUNTING
Module 4
IV. METHODOLOGICAL MODULE
METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR STUDENTS' TRAINING CLASSES FOR CORRESPONDENCE TRAINING
METHODOLOGICAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR WRITING A HOME TEST ON THE DISCIPLINE "MANAGEMENT" FOR CORRESPONDENCE STUDENTS IN THE SPECIALTY 080114 ECONOMICS AND ACCOUNTING (BY INDUSTRY)
The transition to a market economy puts forward a number of priority tasks for the development of enterprises - a radical improvement in the level of training of managerial personnel, obtaining new knowledge and acquiring practical business entrepreneurship skills.
In the new economic conditions, a manager and a specialist of any level must have sufficient erudition in a wide field of knowledge that make up the content of the discipline "management".
Management is an essential activity for an organization. It is an integral part of any human activity that, to one degree or another, needs to be coordinated. This includes production and the state, cities and territories, industries, hospitals, universities, enterprises of various forms of ownership and fields of activity.
The manager occupies a certain place in the enterprise management apparatus, and therefore must have the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities in the field of management.
As a result of studying the discipline "management" the student must:
Have an idea:
about the area of management activity;
about international experience in the field of management;
about the prospects and problems of management.
Know:
management methods;
management functions;
the procedure for working with personnel;
management process.
Be able to:
plan the activities of the enterprise;
organize the activities of employees;
motivate work;
exercise control;
make decisions;
work with information.
The preparation of a test work develops independence of thinking, the ability to argue one's position, theoretically generalize and analyze specific material.
A successfully completed test should be an in-depth presentation of the material, testify to a good knowledge of the literature on the topic, the ability to analyze different points of view on controversial issues. This method of preparing a test work develops independent thinking, the ability to argue one's position, theoretically generalize and analyze specific material.
The work does not allow mechanical rewriting of the text of the textbook or article.
To control the knowledge of students, one control work is provided.
The control work is carried out in a notebook, on the cover of which the student indicates the full name of the subject, personal file number, group number, last name, first name, patronymic, variant, home address.
The work must be completed within the time period established by the study schedule, written correctly, legibly, without abbreviations, with margins for reviewers' remarks.
Answers to questions should fully reveal their essence, be accompanied by detailed explanations and specific examples from practice. It is necessary to be creative in the presentation of the material.
The quality of the work is assessed by how correctly and independently the answers to the questions posed are given, to what extent the recommended literature is used.
At the end of the work, a list of used literature is given, the date of completion and a personal signature are put. It is necessary to leave 1-2 blank sheets for the teacher's review.
Having received the work checked by the teacher, the student must carefully read the text of the review, if there are comments on the teacher's recommendations, finalize individual tasks.
Uncredited control work is performed by the student again and submitted for verification before the start of the examination session.
The variant of the control work is determined by the table of variants based on the last two digits of the student's cipher. In the table, horizontally, the numbers from 0 to 9 correspond to the last digit of the cipher, and vertically, to the penultimate one. The intersection of the horizontal and vertical lines determines the cell where the option is indicated. Work not done according to one's own will not be accepted.
The control work includes 2 theoretical questions and 1 practical task. The work can be done in handwritten or printed form.
The volume of the control work should be at least 18 pages of a regular student notebook, or 10-12 pages on paper 210x330 mm (A-4 format).
If the work is performed using organizational technology (on a computer), then it must meet the following requirements.
The work is done on a computer in Word at 1.5 intervals. 14 in Times New Roman, no errors or typos. There should be 60-65 characters per line.
Text should be printed with the following margins; left - 20 mm, right - 10 mm, top - 20 mm, bottom - at least 20 mm. The paragraph requires a 5-character indent.
Section headings are printed in capital letters three to four intervals (with typewritten method) from the previous and following lines. Subheadings are printed from the paragraph in lowercase letters (except for the first, capital). Do not put a dot at the end of the heading and subheading.
The page count starts from the first (title) page. Page numbering is affixed Arabic numerals from the center at the bottom of the page.
Illustrations: tables and drawings (photographs, charts, graphs, diagrams) located on separate pages of the work are included in the general page numbering of the manuscript. Tables are designated by the word "Table" and numbered sequentially with Arabic numerals" For example Table 1 -. Table 2 -.
Illustrations are denoted by the word "Figure" and numbered in the same way, for example Figure 1 -.
Tables are used for better clarity and ease of comparison of indicators. The title of the table, if any, should reflect its content, be precise, and concise. The name of the table should be placed above the table on the left, without paragraph indentation, on one line with its number separated by a dash.
When transferring a part of a table, the title is placed only above the first part of the table; the bottom horizontal line that bounds the table is not drawn.
The table should be placed in the report immediately after the text in which it is mentioned for the first time, or on the next page.
A table with a large number of rows can be transferred to another sheet (page). When transferring part of the table to another sheet (page), the word "Table" and its number are indicated once to the right above the first part of the table, the word "Continuation" is written above the other parts and the table number is indicated, for example: "Continuation of table 1". When transferring a table to another sheet (page), the heading is placed only above its first part.
If the text repeated in different rows of the column of the table consists of one word, then after the first writing it is allowed to replace it with quotes; if from two or more words, then at the first repetition it is replaced with the words “The same”, and then with quotation marks. It is not allowed to put quotation marks instead of repeated numbers, marks, signs, mathematical and chemical symbols. If numerical or other data in any line of the table is not given, then a dash is put in it.
Digital material is usually presented in the form of tables. An example of table design is shown in the figure.
Figure - An example of the design of tables
Tables, with the exception of annex tables, should be numbered with Arabic numerals through numbering.
The name of the table is printed with a capital letter without a dot at the end. Leave a free line between the title and the frame of the table.
The table can be given (in addition to its description in the text) additional explanations and notes. They are placed under the table after the word "Note:".
Large tables can be given on a separate page.
If the table does not fit entirely on one page, it is transferred to the next page, begins with the words "Continuation of table 1" without indentation on the right.
In the figures, the word "drawing" number in order (the numbering of tables, diagrams, figures is carried out separately, in a through order, despite the numbers of sections and parts) is placed below the graphic object.
The list of references for the control work includes all cited sources and read literature that relates to the topic and has had a significant impact on the content of the work.
Literature is placed in the list strictly in alphabetical order (first in Russian, then in foreign languages by the names of the authors or by the title of the works, if the author is not indicated). The bibliography has a serial numbering.
At the end of the test is a list of used literature. The preparation of the list should begin with the indication of normative acts, which are arranged according to their legal force. Then indicate educational and other literature, arranging it in alphabetical order. The description of each book should include: the surname and initials of the author (s), if any, the full title of the book, after the slash - data about the editor (if the book was written by a group of authors) data on the number of volumes, after the dash - the name of the city in which the book was published, after the colon - the name of the publisher, and after the comma - the year of publication. (For example: Financial Law: Textbook / Edited by O.N. Gorbunova. - M .: "Jurist", 1996.).
On the last page, the student puts the date of completion of the work and his signature.
The control work needs to be improved if:
it is not independent, represents plagiarism or compilation;
does not contain factual material on real enterprises;
the main issues are not disclosed, they are outlined schematically, fragmentarily;
Estimate "Great" receive works that contain elements of scientific creativity, draw independent conclusions, give reasoned criticism and independent analysis of the factual material based on deep knowledge of the literature on this topic.
Grade "Okay" is put in the case when in the work performed on a good theoretical level, the issues of the topic are fully and comprehensively covered, but there is no proper degree of creativity.
Estimate "satisfactorily" deserve works that correctly illuminate the main issues of the topic, but there is no logically coherent presentation of them, contains some erroneous provisions.
Estimate "unsatisfactory" the student receives in the case when he cannot answer the comments of the reviewer, does not own the material of the work, is not able to explain the conclusions and theoretical provisions of this problem. In this case, the student will have to re-defend.
TYPICAL MISTAKES OF STUDENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF CONTROL WORKS
Students often make the following mistakes:
do not submit the finished control work within the time specified educational part;
do not disclose goals and objectives;
the work lacks scientific novelty and practical significance;
an error is the coincidence of the name of one of the parts with the topic of the test;
When writing a test, only textbooks are used.
use the pronoun "I";
There are no graphics or illustrations in the work.
The experience of writing test papers shows that among the most common mistakes, the most common ones are the use of uncommon abbreviations, the strikethrough of individual words and sentences, students make spelling errors, and there is no pagination in the work.
Mechanical copying from textbooks and other sources. You can't just rewrite textbook material. The student must understand the topic and form his own presentation of theoretical aspects, while referring to the educational literature. It also implies the absence of a practical part in the control work. In this regard, there is no practical part in the control work.
Lack of student's position on the problem being studied. There are no conclusions in the control work, the author's opinion is not traced. It is necessary to add critical remarks and analysis of the given theoretical material.
Duplication of material in the text. Repetition of paragraphs, sentences, etc. Sometimes this means a long study of one issue that does not develop.
The presence in the work of excess material that is not directly related to the topic. The material presented must be specific and clear. It is necessary to remove all unnecessary and add analysis.
Mistakes are corrected by the student during consultations on the test, but without careful self-thinking of the material, the conversation with the consultant will inevitably be “general”, superficial and will not bring the desired result.
EDUCATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF CONTROL WORK
GOS SPO in the specialty.
Working curriculum in the specialty.
Work program for the discipline.
The list of topics for the test, approved by the director of the technical school.
Guidelines for students on writing and designing a test.
The list of actions of the head to organize the preparation and defense of the control work.
STAGES OF ACTIONS OF THE MANAGER IN ORGANIZING PREPARATION AND PROTECTION OF CONTROL WORK
To study the requirements of the State Educational Standards of secondary vocational education in the specialty, the working curriculum, the work program for the discipline.
To study the method of organizing classes on control work.
Make a calendar-thematic lesson plan.
Develop test topics.
Make a list of references for the preparation of the test.
Study the guidelines for students on writing and designing a test.
Conduct a review of each control work.
Organize and conduct the defense of the control work.
STAGES OF ACTIONS FOR PREPARING STUDENTS
AND PROTECTION OF CONTROL WORK
Selection and study of literature: preparation of a list of references.
Drawing up a plan of control work.
Collection and processing of factual, statistical, illustrative material and their design in the form of tables, diagrams, diagrams.
Literary presentation of the studied material in accordance with the plan of the test.
Preparation and delivery of control work to the head.
Preparation for the defense of control work.
Acquaintance with the review of the control work.
Completion of preparation for the defense, taking into account the review.
Protection of control work.
CONSULTATIONS
One of the indispensable conditions for the student's successful activity in completing the test is the pedagogical support from the teacher during the consultations.
Most of the students do not seek to discover their abilities, preferring to act within the framework of the requirements, considering too many things impossible for themselves. In view of this, the issue of creating conditions under which the discovery and development of one's abilities would be a natural need for the student, which in general would contribute to his personal self-realization, is relevant.
Students need advice on how to perform tests, and diverse pedagogical support in finding and mastering the techniques and methods of effective independent study.
Consultations on the performance of control work include semantic, target and performance components. Mastering more and more complex intellectual actions, the student comes to an active semantic orientation, which allows him to work out his own approaches to solving the problem of self-education.
The target and performance components include goal setting, task definition, action planning, choice of ways and means of their implementation, self-analysis and self-control of results, correction of prospects for further activities.
Consultations on the performance of control work include in its structure such components as:
clarification of the goal and the set educational task;
clear and systematic planning independent work;
search for the necessary educational and scientific information;
development of own information and its logical processing;
the use of methods of educational and research work to solve the tasks;
developing one's own position on the task received;
presentation, substantiation and defense of the developed recommendations;
construction of operating samples and models with their subsequent presentation.
Test consultations are corrective in nature and should be used to deepen knowledge, fill in gaps and resolve any difficulties that may arise.
VERIFICATION OF CONTROL WORK
A fully prepared control work is signed by the student and submitted to the supervisor for verification within the prescribed time frame. Verification of control works by the head is carried out within a week after their delivery.
If, as a result of the check, significant errors, incomplete volume or low quality of the work design are found, it is returned to the student for revision and alteration. The supervisor's comments in writing are submitted to the student. On the title page, the signature "Revise" or "Remake" is put. In this case, the student must set time follow all the instructions and submit the control work again for verification.
Results control control work of students can be carried out within the time allotted for compulsory training sessions in the discipline and extracurricular independent work of students in the discipline, can take place in written, oral or mixed form.
Forms of control of control work are reviewing (written review), protection.
Criteria for evaluating results student's tests are:
the level of mastering the educational material by the student;
student's ability to use theoretical knowledge in the performance of practical tasks;
the formation of general educational skills for problem analysis;
the validity and clarity of the presentation of the material of the control work;
the presence of a personal position of the student on this issue;
design of the material in accordance with the requirements.
In compliance with the control requirements guidelines the head puts the signature "To the defense" on the title page. Defense of control works is carried out on the day and hour appointed by the educational unit.
REVIEW OF CONTROL WORKS BY THE MANAGER
The supervisor reviews the submitted test papers within the time limits determined by the academic unit. The purpose of the review is to give comprehensive assessment the degree of achievement of the goals and objectives of the control work on a given topic.
Review - this is a critical review of a specific control work, where the author speaks about the quality of the presentation of the material, gives a detailed scientifically based assessment of the leading ideas of the reviewed work.
Write the output of the source.
Study the text and highlight the range of issues raised in the control work.
Determine the nature of their lighting (quite complete, superficial, etc.).
Highlight in the text the main, essential, which characterizes the material read in terms of its theoretical or practical significance for the science or specialty being studied.
Determine the relevance, scientific, practical significance of the work under consideration, the connection of its ideas with the general scientific movement of our time on the issue under consideration.
Assess the degree of independence in the use of educational and additional literature, the availability of graphic materials and illustrations that allow you to visualize ways to solve the issue under consideration.
To determine how the conclusions drawn reflect the essence of the problem under consideration.
Make the necessary comments about the identified shortcomings.
In the review, the leader should make a conclusion about the relevance and novelty of the topic, the importance of the problem raised, the originality of the solution, the reliability and effectiveness of the results. In the conclusions give overall score control work and areas of possible application.
The review should reflect:
general description of the work;
indication of the degree of independence of work;
an indication of the quality of the study of literature on the issue under discussion;
the relevance and importance of the topic of the control work;
the degree of fulfillment of the set goal and tasks;
analysis of the main provisions of the work, their advantages and disadvantages;
the degree and level of disclosure of the topic;
analysis of the shortcomings of the content of the work and design;
consistency and literacy of the presentation of the material and the design of the work.
At the end of the review, the head gives the final grade (according to a four-point system), puts a personal signature and date.
The supervisor's review can be submitted in printed or handwritten form.
To obtain an additional objective assessment of the control work, its external review may be carried out.
The reviewer is obliged to analyze the essence and main provisions of the work and, on their basis, prepare a review.
In conclusion, the reviewer expresses his point of view on the overall level of the examination and puts the recommended mark.
The review must be received by the student no later than three days before the defense of the test.
PROCEDURE FOR PERFORMING CONTROL WORK BY A STUDENT
Teaching socio-economic disciplines should contribute to the formation of advanced economic thinking among students and is based on a new management paradigm - a system of concepts, methodologies and methods that form the model of setting and solving management problems adopted in the socio-economic system of Russia.
A deep understanding of the theory and practice of management largely depends on the independent work of students during the preparation of the test. Since only the student himself, through intellectual activity, can acquire knowledge, make it his own property.
“Students' mastering of management disciplines consists not only of studying the scientific foundations of management, but also of mastering the methods of economic analysis. Managers need to know how funds are earned, how to properly allocate them and control how funds are spent. It is from here, from everyday everyday logic, that what is called “entrepreneurial vein” is born and, mastering life examples, a person becomes a real master in his enterprise, independent and responsible for the results of labor at his workplace” 1 .
The performance of control work by the student is carried out in accordance with the following stages:
Goal setting.
Organizational stage
Stage of information support.
Stage of control work.
The stage of submission of control work for verification.
Completion of the control work in accordance with the comments of the reviewer.
Stage of protection of control work.
Completion of control work.
Re-protection.
STUDY OF SELECTED LITERATURE
Selection and study of literary sources and regulations. For the successful completion of the test work, the student must learn to work with educational and scientific literature. For this, it is necessary 1) to have an idea about such important literary sources as monographs, collections, journal articles, brochures, reviews, etc.; 2) know the main paths to literary sources and know how to find them in library collections; 3) be able to isolate the necessary information in them, process it correctly.
Reading sources is carried out for a specific purpose:
1. Information retrieval - find the information you need.
2. Assimilation - to understand the information and the logic of reasoning.
3. Analytical-critical - comprehend the text, determine your attitude towards it.
4. Creative - on the basis of comprehension of information, supplement and develop it.
Control work is carried out on the basis of a deep study of literary sources. Literature on the topic of the test can be selected by the student using the subject and alphabetical catalogs of libraries. For these purposes, catalogs of books, indexes of journal articles, special bibliographic reference books, thematic collections of literature periodically issued by individual publishing houses can be used.
The student is recommended to use the following documents to complete the test:
Laws of the Russian Federation on financial, economic and management issues;
Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation on these issues;
Decrees executive bodies the authorities of the Russian Federation on these issues;
instructive and methodological materials of ministries and departments.
When performing control work, it is advisable to use monographs, textbooks, manuals, reference books, as well as articles published in the journals "Management in Russia and abroad", "Finance", "Money and Credit", "Economist", "Economic Issues", "Expert", "Business Life", "Personnel Management", "The Art of Management", etc. The necessary material can also be found in articles published in the newspapers "Economics and Life", "Financial Newspaper", "Financial Russia", " Russian newspaper”, “Economic news”, etc.
Work on literary sources should begin with the study of legal acts of the Russian Federation, textbooks, manuals, and monographs. Then articles in magazines are studied.
Along with the indicated literary sources, collections of scientific papers, collections scientific articles and materials of scientific conferences.
When studying literature by table of contents, content, by title of chapters, students need to highlight the necessary information, determine its level, volume and page numbers, degree of importance and write this data into a draft test (file), in the section to which the information contained in this material information. At the next stage, it is necessary to study the literary sources in the sequence corresponding to their location on the issues of the control work, starting from the sources of a higher level, while making entries in the draft (file) of the most important provisions that can be used in the course of the control work.
The study of sources is accompanied by extracts, notes. Extracts from the text are usually made verbatim, in the form of a quote. At the same time, they choose the most important, weighty statements, the main ideas that need to be quoted in the test. After each quote, borrowed statement, a link to the author and source should be given. Therefore, when writing out quotations and notes, you should immediately make references: author, title of publication, place of publication, publisher, year of publication, page number.
The purpose of studying literature is to form one's own judgment on each educational issue, to determine the structure and content of quotations and theses in the test. When compiling abstracts, it is recommended: to give a definition of the phenomenon under consideration; reveal its essence, showing the structure, revealing cause-and-effect relationships and the mutual influence of factors, conditions and circumstances on the phenomenon under consideration; determine the state, patterns and trends of its change depending on various factors and conditions. Be sure to show the positive aspects and disadvantages in order to form sound practical recommendations in the conclusions on how to eliminate bottlenecks, on methods and ways to resolve the issue or improve the situation.
The study of literature is completed with a classification (grouping) of selected sources on educational issues.
USE OF SCIENTIFIC ACHIEVEMENTS IN CONTROL WORK
Distinctive feature secondary special education, first of all, its scientific basis, training of students in disciplines that form a specialist with knowledge of achievements modern science.
When preparing tests in managerial and economic specialties, it is necessary to use scientific achievements in the field of management, as well as in economics, statistics, accounting, and banking. The control work, especially its theoretical part, should be filled with modern scientific material, and each problem should be covered taking into account the latest achievements of science in this field.
Students starting to perform tests should master not only the main content, but also the methodology of science, which will allow them to explore the factual material, establish connections and patterns, and draw correct conclusions.
The creative use of scientific achievements in test papers is a difficult task, because science, constantly developing, becomes more complicated, and great efforts are required to study it.
The study of economic and managerial disciplines requires constant reference to the ideological heritage of the classics in this field, as well as acquaintance with the works of modern Russian and foreign scientists. Management in Russia today is, first of all, the revival of Russian optimism, the active development entrepreneurial activity through the realization of the potential of internal transformation of enterprises of various types of ownership.
The student performing the test must be able to analyze the events of the past and new phenomena in economic life, be able to use facts and statistical materials to confirm a particular situation in modern conditions. Only by comparing the data, their deep analysis can comprehend the essence of the problem under study.
Management activity today is, first of all, research activity, work to identify problems, analyze them and search for scientifically based solutions.
Scientific thought in the field of management is currently focusing on the fundamental synergetic approach, and the synergetic ideology finds fertile ground in the traditions of Russian society. The new management paradigm in Russia is based on the ideas of synergetics and has a unique potential for the dynamic development of the country with its territorial scale, multicultural diversity, wealth natural resources.
The study of the works of the classics must be approached objectively, creatively, without prejudice. The study of management literature can be seen as an intervention of the views of the most educated element of top management and business consulting.
Independent creative work will help students master modern economic and managerial science, methods of scientific research and apply them in the preparation of tests.
USE IN CONTROL WORK OF THE LAWS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Knowledge of the legislation in the field of economics and finance is necessary for every student performing control work so that the proposals developed by him do not contradict the laws of the Russian Federation.
It is important that students are well aware that decisions that are contrary to the law are not legally binding. However, this does not mean at all that it is impossible to make reasonable proposals for improving legislation.
In practice, when developing any topic of a test, it is necessary to study one or another law (or several laws) of the Russian Federation and whole line executive documents, the so-called by-laws.
After studying the questions for the control work with the student must make their own bibliography, to select and study the necessary literature. This work should begin with a study of the list of literature recommended by teachers. When compiling a list of references, it is recommended to use bibliographic catalogs, thematic bibliographies, lists of articles published in journals for the year in the last issue of a particular journal, and Internet materials.
When writing a test paper, you must:
to study scientific works, monographs of Russian and foreign outstanding scientists on this issue;
The study of periodical literature should begin with works published in recent years and most fully revealing the issues of control work, and then move on to earlier editions.
After selecting and studying the literature, the student must compile a carefully thought-out control work plan, which is designed to contribute to a more complete disclosure of its main issues. The work plan is closely related to its structure (clause 4.3. "Structure and scope of work"). The drafted work plan must be discussed with the supervisor advising the student.
Having collected and studied literary sources and practical material, the student proceeds to write a test. This is a difficult stage of work on the topic, requiring concentration and hard work.
Collection and processing of material. To write a control work, one needs not only literary sources, but also statistical, factual materials, on the basis of which one can draw reasonable conclusions about the ongoing processes and phenomena. The sources of obtaining this data can be: statistical collections and directories, various newsletters, interviews, results of analysis of the behavior of managers and their testing.
In the course of data collection, various research methods can be used: questionnaires, testing, oral survey (interview), individual conversation. An important role here can also be played by the analysis of the documents of the organization under study, the use of their own materials collected during the industrial practice. In some cases, experiments (testing), mathematical modeling, the use of technical means are possible
Performing control work. After the literature has been selected and studied, a plan has been drawn up, a specific (digital) material has been selected and appropriately processed, one can proceed to writing a test. This is a very time-consuming and responsible stage, since here the student must show the ability to write independently, make generalizations, conclusions and specific proposals. At the same time, it is important to maintain a logical connection between subsections, the sequence of disclosure of the topic. Each subsection ends with brief conclusions.
In control works on social and economic disciplines it is necessary to provide:
The transfer of managerial views on business systems to the masses (attitude towards the enterprise on the part of personnel as to " family business»);
The development of personnel is congruent with the development of the enterprise;
Self-confidence of each individual involved in the process of change;
Creation at each enterprise of a social philosophy based on the mission of the organization and long-term goals;
The transition from the introduction of top-down management ideas to the promotion of a recreated staff experience, i.e. "upwards";
Creation of common corporate values for people, no matter what position they occupy.
Please note that the narration is in the third person plural: for example, we researched ..., we analyzed ...., we consider ..., etc. (and not I researched, I used). Because we are talking about a student and a supervisor (their names are on the title page, indicating who prepared the work for defense). In cases where the opinions of the authors of scientific papers and references to opinions from the media are stated, it is separately stipulated that this is the position of one or another author.
Although the test is carried out on one topic, in the process of writing it, the student uses the entire stock of knowledge and skills he has acquired while studying a number of disciplines.
The presentation of the issues of the topic should be consistent, logical.
Working with the text of textbooks, books, on the topic of test work, materials of scientific conferences consists in the student's understanding of the text read and in fixing the results of processing the information received in the form of extracts, quotations, abstracts and abstracts of various types.
When making a plan when reading a text, first of all, the student must determine the boundaries of thoughts. These places in the book should immediately be marked. Students are encouraged to give headings to the necessary passages, formulating the appropriate paragraph of the test plan. Then review what you read again to make sure that the “rotation” of the content is set correctly, to clarify the wording.
Consistently reading the text, the student can make a rough outline of the plan with the necessary detail.
To facilitate the work on the selection of material and its systematization, it is recommended to use a loose summary. Records should be made in such a way that it can be easily covered at a glance.
Extracts. The explanatory dictionary says: “To write out means to write off some necessary, important place from a book, magazine, to make selections” (from the word “choose”). Extracts must be done after the text is read completely and is understood as a whole.
Students should beware of copious automatic quoting in exchange for creative exploration and analysis of the text.
You can write verbatim quotes) or freely, when the author's thoughts are expressed in their own words. Large passages of the text that are difficult to quote in full, students should write down in their own words, and bring bright and important passages verbatim in the form of quotations.
writing down quotes, You need to protect the text from distortion. But if extracts are made from the same text, quotes can be omitted next to each quote. In this case, the student can state all his thoughts in the margins of the draft (in a draft file), strictly separating from the quoted text. A quote torn from the text often loses its meaning, so do not interrupt the author's thought.
Extracts and citations it is advisable to do it on separate sheets, which together will make up a loose summary. At the top of each sheet is written the name of the question to which the extract relates. Do not forget to indicate the source of information, and if this is a quote, also the author. Cards with information related to one statement are marked with the same number and different letters. Numbers in square brackets indicate the number of the source according to the list of literature used by the student, and the page from which the material is issued.
Abstracts allow you to summarize the studied material, express its essence in brief formulations, helping to reveal the content of the book, article and report. Unlike quotations, abstracts are a summary of the main ideas of a book or conference materials, written directly from the text.
When compiling the theses, you do not need to give facts and examples. It is recommended to keep the original form of the statement in the abstracts so as not to lose documentary and persuasiveness.
It is useful to connect individual abstracts with the original text (in the margins of the sheet, make links to the pages of the book or the ciphers of the sheets of the loose abstract).
Upon completion of work on the thesis, the student needs to check them with the text of the source and number them.
Abstract- this is a consistent fixation of information selected and considered in the process of reading. Recommended: read the text, read the preface, introduction, table of contents, sections and subsections, highlight informationally significant places in the text.
The student most often needs to make a bibliographic description of the material being reviewed, highlight the theses and write them down with subsequent arguments, backed up with examples and specific facts.
Drawing up a text plan helps the student in the logic of presentation and grouping of material. When compiling their own comments, questions and thoughts, the student can place them in the margins of the draft.
In conclusion, the student needs to summarize the text of the abstract, highlight the main content of the material worked out, and evaluate it.
The student needs to draw up a summary: highlight the most important places in different colors so that they are easy to see. Diversity must be avoided.
Work with Internet sources. In order for the work to turn out to be modern, the student needs to find the websites of specialized journals on the Internet, if there are none in the library of the educational institution, and copy the articles corresponding to the topic of the test. It is possible to work with electronic libraries. They will certainly have a number of books on the topic of test work, from which you can take material and cut out the necessary quotes. However, we must not forget that the work must be independent. Moreover, any teacher knows the most "running" tests on the Internet in this discipline.
The principle of working with the Internet is as follows: if there is a research topic, the main keywords, on the basis of which in the future the search engine will select the appropriate links to the Internet (mainly in the CIS countries). After the output of links, the student can "manually" explore (select) exactly those links that fit the selected topics. To do this, for each problematic issue, you need to choose a set of keywords.
Thus, it turns out that each student simply needs to use the world data bank - the Internet when writing tests, since a significant part of the literature available in the library of the educational institution may be outdated (the information is not true).
Keyword examples:
Genesis, essence and content of the process of managing social processes: control, process.
Morphology of the social organism of a state enterprise or a private firm: organism, company, private firm, private company.
Intra-company ideology: ideology, firm.
Intra-company value system: values, firm.
Mission and goals of the organization: organization.
Modern concepts of motivation: motivation, concept.
Motivation as an element of the social organism of a firm, enterprise: motivation, firm, company.
Modern concepts of stimulating human and group behavior: stimulation, Human, group;
Communications in control systems: communications, control.
Recommendations when building diagrams: select facts for drawing up a diagram and highlight among them the main, general concepts. Identify key words, phrases that help to reveal the essence of the main concept. Group the facts in a logical sequence, give a name to the highlighted items. Fill the diagram with data (Figure 3).
Simple listings
Group
Combination
Table types
Figure 3 - An example of an outline - diagrams:
Management:
The subject of control work with detailed plans
http://www.agency74. people. en
Ideology:
Dugin A. Goals and objectives of our revolution
http://web.redline.ru/~arctogai/ideol.htm
The ideology of the new world
http://www.chat.ru/~kizub/
Dugin A. Crusade against us
http://ns1.redline.ru/~arctogai/dispens.htm
Gromov V.I., Vasiliev G.A. New ideology
http://www.neystadt.org/moshkow/win/POLITOLOG/new_ideology.txt
Ideology in the company and changes in the organization
http://www.ptpu.ru/Issues/6_98/Pu1_5.htm
Ideology of Technocracy
http://tkp.find.org.ru/idetex.htm
Motivation, stimulation:
Motivation: the path to success
http://www.zemser.ru/kiv/kiv9905/k05cal1.htm
Motivation
How to make an employee work, or Motivating staff in an organization
http://www.ibusiness.ru/archive/management/mang1098.html
Materials and results of research (November 1996 - May 1997) Motivation and stimulation of personnel
http://smesupport.leontief.ru/recruitment/results_4.htm
Polyakov O. Staff motivation
http://src.nsu.ru/psych/konspekt/k22/k22_3.htm
Motivation and stimulation of personnel
http://www.dero.ru/pni/obuchP.htm
Marketing Strategy Implementation: Theory and Practice financial analysis, investments, management
http://koi.cfin.ru/marketing/tema8_sales.shtml
Motivation
http://www.biont.perm.ru/ab2n3.htm
Staff motivation
http://panorama.irk.ru/~chuck/_tmp/rentex.old/develop/Konspekt/default.htm
Markevich A.M. Stimulation of forced labor in Russian industry during the First World War
http://www.hist.msu.ru/Departments/Ecohist/OB3/markevic.htm
Hekhauzen H. Extrinsive and intrinsic motivations
http://www-personal.rtsnet.ru/~dsatin/Library/00020.shtml
Values:
Behavior. Part 2. Norms of behavior. Values
http://doctrina.ru/conduct/pv2.htm
Kozlovsky V. V. Social values as the basis of Russian modernization
http://hq.soc.pu.ru/publications/vestnik/1997/1/KOZLOVSKII.HTML
Life values Russians: is our mentality changing?
http://www.nns.ru/analytdoc/doclad3.html
Behavior:
Tolman E. Behavior as a polar phenomenon
http://www-personal.rtsnet.ru/~dsatin/Library/00059.shtml
Sternin I.A. Communicative behavior as a subject of description
http://homepages.tversu.ru/~susov/Sternin.htm
Ilyin V.I. Irrational consumer behavior
http://www.marketing.spb.ru/read/m7/14.htm
Ilyin V.I. Play as social behavior
http://www.marketing.spb.ru/read/m7/13.htm
The behavior of a corporation on the Internet affects its assessment by consumers
http://koi.www.rocit.ru/rocit/otto.htm
Skinner B. Behavior Technology
http://hq.soc.pu.ru/persons/golovin/r_skinner1.html
Society:
Luman N. The concept of society
http://hq.soc.pu.ru/persons/golovin/r_luhmann1.html
Organization:
http://www.ibs.ru:8000/4_3/4_34/4_3422.htm
To help the organizers of the information and consulting service
http://www.aris.ru/N/WIN_R/INFO/KONS/11/
Organization strategy
Body:
Parsons T. The concept of society
http://www.philsci.univ.kiev.ua/courses/asp/biblio/par2.html
Communication:
"Speech Communication: Secrets of Success" International Conference
http://www.intcol.msu.su/conferences/communicat/index.html
Shulgin A. Manifesto, Art, Power and Communication
http://sccamoscow.ru/gif/lab/myth/sh0/shulgin3.htm
Conflict:
Kaneva N.K. Communication and conflict
http://homepages.tversu.ru/~susov/Kyneva.htm
Culture:
Dida N.A. Professional communication as an element of cultural development
http://www.csti.ru/libcsti/pub/k0102.html
Culture as a social phenomenon
http://bgpi.ufanet.ru/prepstud/slava/socfil.htm
Poluyan L.Ya., Faseev I.F. Organizational culture of representative meetings (parliamentary culture - what is it?)
http://www.hist.msu.ru/NIISS/Publications/Mag/10/organiz_cultur.htm
Organization culture
http://src.nsu.ru/psych/konspekt/k20/k20-6.htm
Personnel:
Stroev E.S. Personnel, strategy, finances - this is the triad of any production
http://www.fadr.msu.ru/archives/mailing-list/priv-agr/art-rus/msg00009.html
Molta D. Personnel decides everything
http://www.ccc.ru/magazine/depot/97_05/str_030.htm
Strategy:
Organization strategy
http://src.nsu.ru/psych/konspekt/k20/k20-2.htm
Financial newspaper No. 30 (346) July 1998 Heading Business Process Management "Comprehensive Enterprise Automation: Importance of Pre-Project Survey" OMEGA Variant: "ABACUS Financial" - Accelerated Implementation Strategy
http://www.omega.ru/publications/AF_strateg.htm
Leadership:
Charismatic leader
Democracy and leadership
http://www.ug.ru/ug_pril/gv/96/09/07.html
Golovin N.A. Biographical stories as a source for the study of the political socialization of the leaders of modern Russia
http://www.soc.pu.ru/publications/conf97-1/art25.html
Solution:
Political decision-making style
http://www.nikkolom.ru/books/book1/24.htm
Career:
All about career
http://www2.telecom.mogilev.by/osp
Tartakovskaya I. Career of a woman in the industry
http://www.infomost.ru/pmuz/number2/TARTAKO.htm
bureaucracy, bureaucracy
Krupskaya N. The Taylor system and the organization of the work of Soviet institutions
http://www.magister.msk.ru/library/revolt/krupn001.htm
Party bureaucracy
http://tkp.find.org.ru/pb.htm
Mises L. Bureaucracy. Planned chaos. Anti-capitalist mentality
http://www.libertarium.ru/library/buero.html
Herr R. Theoretical Bureaucracy
http://www.pcmag.ru/9612/129607.htm
Beetham D. Bureaucracy
http://www.nir.ru/socio/scipubl/sj/4beetha.htm
Fonotov A.G. Russia: from a mobilization society to an innovative one
http://science.csa.ru/Info/fonotov.htmr
Bystritsky A. I love bureaucracy
http://www.midural.ru/izbircom/Journal/Bistr.html
Makarin A.V., Strebkov A.I. Methodology for the Analysis of Bureaucracy and the Evolution of the Soviet Bureaucratic Regime
http://hq.soc.pu.ru/publications/conf97-1/art15.html
Power:
Power racket and racket power
http://www.abacus.ru/newspaper/reket.shtml
Yakovenko I.G. Power in Russian traditional culture: the experience of cultural analysis
http://scd.centro.ru/3.htm
Power structures and executive power
http://www.nns.ru/region/lipetsk52.html
Situational:
Bagiev G.L., Bogdanova E.L. Market segmentation and diagnostics competitive environment in the marketing system
http://www.marketing.spb.ru/read/m9/15.htm
Self management:
Shirokov A.N. Local self-government in the political system of modern Russia: features and problems of formation
http://future.ftf.tsu.ru/MSU/Minnac/5/MSUinPolSystem.htm
Local government
http://www.rossel.ru/Rus/Principles/Principle7.htm
Local self-government is the key to preserving statehood
http://www.rbcnet.ru/comm/tpv_news/2511981755/5.htm
Chudakov M.F. Local Self-Government and Management Abroad (Some Issues of Theory)
http://un.minsk.by/publications/journal/journal4/chudakov.htm
Local government course
http://www.ic.net.ru/school5/kurs_oms.htm
How to overcome distrust of the current Russian authorities? Self-government and the state
http://www.tranet.trecom.tomsk.su/home/news/BOOKS/5-1.htm
Social, social:
Green M.K. (USA). Kropotkin. Social structure and metaphysical metaphors
http://www.konecky.spb.ru/sci/history/tk1-07.htm
Bunin I. New Russian Entrepreneurs and Myths of Post-Communist Consciousness
http://www.libertarium.ru/libertarium/l_liblibrus_art3
Lysyakova L. East Asian version of social policy
http://win.www.roline.ru/sp/iet/eurasia/july97/lisakova.rhtml
Weber M. Types of domination
http://hq.soc.pu.ru/persons/golovin/r_weber2.html
Japanese, American:
Menshikov S. Moderate growth of the Western economy
http://www.ptpu.ru/Issues/2_97/pu2_10.htm
State:
Sultanov Sh. Karma of the elite: inhale-exhale, night-day
http://www.russ.ru/antolog/inoe/sult.htm
Politics and power. State and society
http://www.nns.ru/elects/documents/pglpr2.html
State and industrial management
http://www.elemte.ru/vid/vid000/business/business05.htm
Illarionov A., Markov M. The less the state participates in the economy, the more chances to get out of the crisis?
http://www.ilim.ru/~taf/public/nogovecon.html
Nemtsov B. Provincial. Society and State
http://boris.nemtsov.ru/province/country5.htm
Information society and the rule of law (Sketch of the concept of legislation in the field of information security)
http://www.duma.gov.ru/dppage/99103703/inf_obsh/title.htm
Staff:
Capital in staff?
http://www.fbr.donetsk.ua/asorty/003/kadry.shtml
Staff
http://www.zeim.ru/report/personal.htm
New Approaches: Investing in People
http://www.rosugol.ru/uk/htm/u7i12.html
Supervisor:
You are the leader
http://www.rosugol.ru/uk/htm/u7i17.html
Management - Library
http://www.unc.host.ru/Library/library0101.htm
Library of Evgeny Volkov on psychology, logic, philosophy, etc.
http://www.people.nnov.ru/volkov/library/index.html
Belarusian Journal of International Law and International Relations
http://un.minsk.by/publications/journal/journal4/cont.html
International magazine"Problems of the theory and practice of management"
http://www.ptpu.ru/
Libertarium - a journal on sociology, political science, economics
http://www.libertarium.ru/libertarium
Open business and economics courses
http://www.college.ru/economics/index.html
Leader image. Psychological guide for politicians / Edited by E.V. Egorova-Gantman
http://www.nikkolom.ru/books/book3/book1.htm
How to make a politician's image / Edited by Doctor of Political Sciences E.V. Egorova-Gantman and I.E. Mintusov
http://www.nikkolom.ru/books/book3/book2.htm
Political consultant in Russian election campaigns / Edited by Doctor of Political Sciences E.V. Egorova-Gantman and I.E. Mintusov
http://www.nikkolom.ru/books/book3/book3.htm
Newsletter "Conspectus" - collections of works on management
http://src.nsu.ru/psych/konspekt/
Mises L. Liberalism in the classical tradition
http://www.libertarium.ru/library/mises/mises.html
Belorusskaya Gazeta - articles on economics, politics, management
http://www.open.by/bg-weekly/
On line marketing publications
http://www.marketing.spb.ru/read.htm
List of terms on management, political science
http://www.etel.ru/leader/glossary.htm
Markus H., Nurius P. Possible Selves: Mediators between Motivation and Self-Concept
http://src.nsu.ru/psych/internet/bits/markus.htm
Yakovenko I. Society and entrepreneurial values
http://www.libertarium.ru/library/sbornik2/3-2.html
Professional telephone behavior in a client-oriented company
http://www.hrclub.org/prog10.html
Zinchenko V.A., Martirosova G.A. Rostov Chamber of Commerce and Industry and Stimulation of Entrepreneurial Activity
http://stud.math.rsu.ru/reg/rnd21/zinchenko.htm
Yarkina T.V. Fundamentals of business economics (short course)
http://www.referat.ru/up/05/econom43.htm
Gershman E.A. Beginnings of the theory of sociogenesis
http://www.politic.donetsk.ua/ideya/01/sociogen.htm
Grebenichenko S.F. Nomenclature in the new historical conditions professional guidelines and values
http://kleio.dcn-asu.ru/aik/krug/5/11.html
Social progress and global problems of our time
http://www.ugatu.ac.ru/ugatu.new/fakult/f6/k1/philosophy/topic16.html
Kozer L.A. Functions of social conflict
http://www.philsci.univ.kiev.ua/courses/asp/biblio/kozer.html
1 The use of teaching aids in the disciplines of the management cycle Ryzhikov S.N. and Knyazkova L.A. // Secondary vocational education No. 9, 2005.
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1 Sklyarova E.E. MANAGEMENT EDUCATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL COMPLEX WORKSHOP ON MANAGEMENT: a collection of practical work and business games. majoring in Economics and Accounting (by industry) Voronezh 2013
2 LBC The electronic educational and methodological complex in the discipline "Management" was prepared as part of the implementation of the methodological problem of the college "Modern approaches to educational processes in the context of the transition to the Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education", focused on a qualitatively new level of professional competence implemented in the GOBU SPO of VO "VGPEK". Sklyarova E.E. Management: educational and methodical complex. Part 4. Workshop on management: a collection of practical work and business games: for the specialty Economics and accounting (by industry). Voronezh State Industrial and Economic College, p. This publication is part of the educational and methodological complex in the discipline "Management". This part of the teaching materials provides methodological recommendations for conducting classes for teachers, methodological recommendations for students on the implementation of practical tasks, a methodology for solving a practical task. In accordance with the work program of the specified discipline, given in the normative block of this teaching material (part 1), each topic includes practical work, including various forms of tasks, with instructions for their implementation and business games, which allows the teacher, depending on the number of hours allotted the curriculum of the educational institution, the level of preparation and activity of the study group, replace some forms of practical tasks or supplement them with business games. An addition to this manual is a workbook for practical work, designed for independent work of students in the classroom and at home directly on its pages. Tutorial is intended for teachers conducting training sessions in the discipline in secondary schools and students studying in the specialty "Economics and Accounting (by industry)" of the enlarged group "Economics and Management". Reviewer: Head of the Department of Management Systems and Energy Economics, FSBEI HPE "Novosibirsk State Technical University”, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor S.S. Chernov Published by the decision of the Methodological Council of the Voronezh State Industrial and Economic College Voronezh State Industrial and Economic College,
3 TABLE OF CONTENTS: FOREWORD... 5 METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CONDUCTING CLASSES FOR TEACHERS... 6 METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PERFORMING PRACTICAL WORKS FOR STUDENTS... 8 TOPIC 1: ESSENCE AND CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF MODERN MANAGEMENT... 9 Business game Shipwrecked 1. Shipwrecked ... 9 TOPIC 2: EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE ORGANIZATION. ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE Business game 2. Formation of an organization model TOPIC 3: MANAGEMENT CYCLE Practical work 1. Analysis of the enterprise management cycle Business game 3. Basic managerial functions THEME 4: PLANNING IN THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Practical work 2. Determining the mission of the organization using the example of a specific situation Practical work 3 Building a tree of organization goals on the example of a specific situation AND NEEDS Practical work 6. Authority and responsibility. Personnel motivation.. 30 Business game 6. Personnel motivation Business game 7. Evaluation of employees' motivational behavior TOPIC 7: SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT METHODS. SELF-MANAGEMENT Practical work 7. Choosing the most effective methods of managing an organization Business game 8. Quantitative assessment of managerial activities TOPIC 8: SYSTEM OF COORDINATING RELATIONS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN ORGANIZATION Practical work 8. Using attraction techniques when working with subordinates Business game 9. Communication in an organization
4 TOPIC 9: MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS COMMUNICATION...46 Practical work 9. Drawing up a plan for a meeting on the example of a specific situation...46 Practical work 10. Drawing up a plan for negotiating on an example of a specific situation...47 Business game 10. Active listening ...50 Business game 11. Conducting a business meeting...52 TOPIC 10: CONTROL AND ITS TYPES...55 Practical work 11. Drawing up a plan-scheme of control...55 Business game 12. Calculation of indicators of economic efficiency of management. 56 TOPIC 11: SELF-MANAGEMENT...60 Business game 13. Inventory of working time...60 TOPIC 12: DECISION-MAKING PROCESS...62 Practical work 12. Making managerial decisions in specific situations...62 Practical work 13. Making managerial decisions decisions in production situations and their effectiveness ... 65 Business game 14. Making a managerial decision, taking into account limiting factors ... 70 Business game 15. Development of managerial decisions by the method of collective generating ideas...71 TOPIC 13: MANAGING CONFLICTS AND STRESS...73 Practical work 14. Solving a given conflict situation...73 Practical work 15. Preventing stressful situations in the workplace...78 Business game 16. Swan, cancer and pike...80 TOPIC 14: GUIDANCE: POWER AND PARTNERSHIP...83 Practical work 16. Determining the management style according to the "Management Grid" in a given situation...83 Practical work 17. What kind of leader are you?...88 Business game 17. Partnership in the process of personnel management ... 90 Business game 18. New leader ... 91 LIST OF LITERATURE AND SOURCES ... 93 APPENDIX 1. Examples of job descriptions for managers ... 94 APPENDIX 2. Situational test for practical work APPENDIX 3. Psychological tests
5 FOREWORD Management is the science of the rational organization of the management of a company, aimed at entrepreneurial success. In the context of the country's transforming economy, the most important task is the formation of a flexible system of economic management, especially at the enterprise level. There is a growing need for leaders capable of entrepreneurship, risk, and competition. When training specialists in the organization of management in any field of activity, it is necessary to study a separate course aimed at considering the problems of management theory, the laws and patterns of purposeful activity of people in the management process. The importance of knowledge systems is growing, allowing not only to manage current affairs in a timely and high-quality manner, but also to predict the development of events and, in accordance with this, develop a strategy, market policy of organizations that serves as a support in setting goals and implementing management practices. The purpose of this training manual is to form certain practical skills and abilities of future specialists in accordance with new requirements state standards. The purpose of this textbook is to help future managers (mid-level managers) gain knowledge in the field of management and related economic and social sciences, form and strengthen certain skills in managing an organization and personnel, create the basis for the formation of an integral management concept, tactics and strategy for effective management in the future. management. Practical work is one of the elements of the educational process aimed at training highly qualified specialists. The implementation of practical work contributes to the consolidation and deepening of the theoretical knowledge of students and allows students to develop the skills to apply this knowledge in practice when analyzing and solving practical situations using the example of real enterprises. In the process of creative interaction between a student and a teacher, the personality of a future specialist is formed, the ability to solve actual problems of future professional activity develops, to navigate independently and work with scientific literature. Particular importance in the implementation of practical work is given to the study and generalization by students of practical experience in organizing and implementing enterprise management in modern conditions, domestic and foreign models of enterprise management. All this improves the efficiency of the educational process. These guidelines are intended for students performing practical work in the discipline "Management" in the specialty Economics and Accounting (by industry). Methodological instructions are drawn up in accordance with the curriculum, work program. An addition to this workshop is a workbook for practical work, which facilitates the process of explaining the task and is intended for students to enter answers to practical work tasks. The workbook contains the proportions of each task in the performance of practical work, which allows using the rating system for assessing students. 5
6 METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR LESSONS FOR TEACHERS This workshop is part of a set of control and evaluation tools designed to monitor and evaluate the educational achievements of students who have mastered the program of the academic discipline OP.03. MANAGEMENT. Practical work is one of the main elements of the educational process aimed at training highly qualified specialists, because contributes not only to the consolidation and deepening of the theoretical knowledge of students, but also allows students to develop the skills to apply this knowledge in practice when analyzing and solving practical situations using the example of real enterprises. As a result of mastering practical classes, a student must acquire a certain set of skills established by federal state educational standards (Table 1). Table 1 The results of mastering the discipline to be checked Learning outcomes (learned skills, learned Current con- Types of certification Main indicators for evaluating results Current control of knowledge) troll U1 use in practice the methods of planning and organizing the work of the unit practical work 2, 3, 11 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 analyze organizational management structures to carry out work on motivation labor activity personnel to apply business and managerial communication techniques in their professional activities to apply effective solutions using a system of management methods to take into account the peculiarities of management in the field of professional activity the choice of a method for planning and organizing the work of a unit: the development of necessary organizational documents (regulations on the department, job description, staffing, etc. ) selection of the organizational structure of management, taking into account the profile of the enterprise; selection of methods for stimulating personnel in specific practical situations; demonstration of the ability to apply business and managerial communication techniques in specific practical situations; selection of an effective solution in specific practical situations; activities taking into account the peculiarities of management practical work 4, 5 practical work 6 practical work 8, 9, 10 practical work 7, 12, 13 practical work 1, 14, 15, 16, 17 student's portfolio, including the availability of relevant practical work, presentations with reports completed homework, tests, grades for active participation in the classroom, creative tasks; performance of tasks in the workbook for SIW; exam Each practical work is designed for 2 classrooms. hours. In general, the workshop was formed on the basis of the work program of the discipline, designed for 64 hours (Table 2). Table 2 The volume of the discipline "Management" and types of study work Type of study work Amount of hours Maximum study load (total) 96 Mandatory classroom study load (total) 64 including: laboratory classes - practical exercises 34 tests - term paper (project) - Independent work of the student (total) 32 6
7 Practical exercises are based on the analysis of specific situations. Situations and tasks are selected in such a way as to combine theory and practice within the framework of the topic of the curriculum of the discipline program. Individual situations are provided with detailed questions, the discussion of which is very useful for students. The student, as it were, gets used to the role of a manager who needs to analyze or solve a problem, do it on his own, using the conceptual side of the theory and his practical experience. Situations are peculiar tasks, which are characterized by uncertainty. In some of the situations presented, there is no clearly formulated condition, there is only a description of the circumstances, based on the analysis of which a reasonable solution to managerial problems should be developed. To consolidate and update the theoretical knowledge necessary to perform practical work, students are invited to solve a crossword puzzle or evaluate the correctness of the above statements. Depending on the number of hours allotted by the curriculum of the educational institution, the level of preparation and activity of the study group, the teacher can replace some forms of practical tasks or supplement them with business games given in this study guide for each topic of the work program. Classroom analysis of situations assumes that the teacher at the previous lesson names the topic within which the situations will be used, recommends basic educational and additional literature. At the beginning of the lesson, the teacher explains the goals of its conduct and determines the content of the lesson, conducts current control on the topic, divides the student group into working, target, expert subgroups, sets each subgroup a specific task, gives the floor to offer their own solutions, which creates the basis for an exchange of views and free discussion on the topic. After discussing each situation or solving a specific problem, the teacher analyzes and evaluates the quality of the answers, their theoretical depth, originality of argumentation, logic, justifies the right decision proposed task. In conclusion, the teacher sums up the general results of the lesson, draws the attention of individual subgroups to issues that require deeper theoretical study and practical assimilation. Answers to situations and other practical tasks, as well as the performance of creative tasks, are recorded by students in a workbook for practical work, developed in accordance with this textbook. The workbook is an addition to this manual and is a didactic complex designed for independent work of students in the classroom and at home directly on its pages. The criteria for evaluating the performance of practical work are: - the use of modern approaches to managing an organization in solving a problem situation or a practical task; - reliance in decision on personal or described managerial experience; - reasonableness and reasoning of the answer; - consistency of the proposed solution with the declared by the student value orientations. 7
8 METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF PRACTICAL WORKS FOR STUDENTS The solution of practical situations (cases, situational tasks) is a type of student's independent work to systematize information in the framework of setting or solving specific problems and applying the acquired knowledge in practice. This type of independent work is aimed at developing thinking, creative skills, assimilation of knowledge gained in the course of active search and independent problem solving. This allows the student to learn to see, set and resolve both standard and non-standard tasks that may arise in the future in professional activities. When solving a practical situation, students should: 1. present an argument about the need for additional data and sources for obtaining them; forecasts regarding the subjects and/or causes of the situation; 2. demonstrate the ability to use systems approach, situational approach, breadth of views on the problem; 3. prepare an action program aimed at implementing, for example, an analytical method for solving a problem: analyze all available data, turn them into information; define the problem; clarify and agree on goals; put forward possible alternatives; evaluate the options and choose one of them. When performing the task, one should adhere to the following methodology for solving practical problems (cases and situations). It is advisable for students to offer the following most complete "typical" scheme of preliminary preparation for the analysis of a specific situation 1: 1. Generalization. A short, clear and precise statement of a fact or event in a situation, an assessment of the result of the development of the event. 2. Formulation of the problem. Brief essence problems without symptoms and a ready-made solution. 3. Participants of events: people, their characteristics and statements; characteristics of organizations. 4. Chronology of events. Can be presented in the form of a table (yesterday, today, tomorrow). 5. Conceptual questions. They require the study of a lecture on the topic of a practical lesson or an independent study of the problem. 6. Alternative solutions. Possible, according to the student, directions of action are listed. Arguments are given and each alternative is evaluated. Possible positive and negative consequences of the choice are assumed. Selected best option resolution of a particular situation. 7. Recommendations. It is necessary to motivate the course of action chosen by your subgroup or by you personally, leading to the resolution of the problem, and explain the reasons and rationale for its choice. 8. Plan of action. The direction, course of action and specific steps to implement the chosen course should be described, as well as assess whether the problem has been resolved. 9. Correction of the action plan. After the presentation of all action plans of the working subgroups, adjustments, if necessary, of their own plan and course of action are carried out. The following are responses to the teacher's comments. 10. Elimination of bottlenecks. It is necessary to assess the correspondence between the personal vision of the situation and the analyzed facts of the situation, identify gaps "bottlenecks" in the theoretical knowledge of the course and practical skills and abilities and strive to eliminate them with the help of a teacher, students of other working subgroups and independent study of management problems. 1 Levina S.Sh., Turchaeva R.Yu. Workshop on the course "Management" Rostov n / a: Phoenix, C
9 TOPIC 1: ESSENCE AND CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF MODERN MANAGEMENT Business game 1 SHIPwrecked 2 The purpose of the game is making a group decision, analyzing, modeling the situation when solving a group problem; relationships among participants, leadership and dominance in the group. Rules: Each member of the group is given the following instructions and asked to complete the task within 15 minutes. You are drifting on a yacht in the South Pacific. The fire destroyed most of the yacht and its cargo. The yacht is slowly sinking. Your location is obscure due to the failure of the main navigational instruments, but you are approximately a thousand miles southwest of the nearest land. Below is a list of 15 items that remained intact and undamaged after the fire. In addition to these items, you have a sturdy inflatable life raft with oars, large enough to support you, the crew, and all the items listed below. The survivors' possessions are a pack of cigarettes, several boxes of matches, and five one-dollar bills Objective: Rank the 15 items listed below according to their survival value. Put the number 1 next to the most important item, the number 2 to the second most important and so on up to the fifteenth, the least important for you. Do an individual assessment first, then a group assessment. Next, evaluate the result according to the standard presented by UNESCO experts. The results are recommended to be entered in the table: Name of the subject Individual assessment Group assessment Standard 1. Shaving mirror. 2. Canister with 25 liters of water. 3. Mosquito net. 4. One box of army rations. 5. Maps of the Pacific Ocean. 6. Inflatable pillow. 7. Canister with 10 liters of oil and gas mixture. 8. Small radio. 9. A chemical that repels sharks m 2 of an opaque film of rum with a strength of m nylon rope. 13. Two boxes of chocolate. 14. Fishing tackle. 15. Sextant. Annex to the exercise "Shipwrecked" Experts believe that the main thing for the shipwrecked in the middle of the ocean is what can attract attention to them, and what can support their existence until help arrives. Navigational instruments and lifeboats are of no particular importance. Even if a small life raft can swim to the nearest shore on its own, the necessary food supplies will not fit on it. Therefore, a shaving mirror and a can of combustible mixture are of paramount importance. Both are possible 2 Modeling and group decision situation proposed by Kjell Rudestam 9
10 to use for signaling. Less important are supplies of water and food, such as a box of army rations. The information given below obviously does not list all possible uses for a given item, but rather indicates how important this item is to survival. 1. Shaving mirror. An important means of attracting the attention of the air rescue service. 2. Canister with 10 liters of oil and gas mixture. An important means of signaling: A flammable mixture will stick to the surface of the water, where it can be set on fire with matches and dollar bills. 3. Water canister. It is necessary to replenish the loss of fluid in the body as a result of sweating, etc. 4. One box of army rations. Basic power supply m 2 opaque film. Can be used to collect rainwater and to protect against bad weather. 6. Two boxes of chocolate. Reserve power supply. 7. A set of fishing accessories. Ranked below chocolate because "a tit in the hand is better than a pie in the sky". You still need to catch the fish with a nylon rope. With a rope, you can tie the necessary things so that they do not fall overboard. 9. Swimming cushion. If someone gets overboard, it can be used as a life-saving aid. 10. Chemical Shark Repellent Roma 80 strength. This strength is sufficient to use rum as an antiseptic in case of injury. In all other respects it is useless. Ingestion of rum can cause dehydration. 12. Small radio. Has no value as there is no transmitter. 13. Maps of the Pacific Ocean. Useless without navigational aids. 14. Mosquito net. There are no mosquitoes in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. 15. Sextant. Useless without navigation tables and a chronometer. The main reason to prioritize signaling over life support (food and water) is that without signaling, there is virtually no chance of being seen and rescued. Practice shows that in most cases, rescue occurs within the first one and a half days after the disaster, and during this time you can survive without food and drink. 10
11 TOPIC 2: EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE ORGANIZATION. ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE Business game 2 FORMING ORGANIZATION MODEL The purpose of the lesson is to develop students' abilities for independent work on the formation of an organization model, identifying and analyzing factors that affect the effectiveness of its activities, including such as: organizational structure; planning and quality control system; making managerial decisions in a limited time; interpersonal relationships. Task: You are a small firm that "produces" words and "packages" them into meaningful sentences (in Russian). Market research has shown that sentences of 3-6 words (including function words) are in demand. So "packaging, shipping, and selling" should target 3-6 word sentences. This "industry" is characterized by strong competition. Several new firms have just entered an expanding market. Since raw materials, technology and prices are industry standard, your competitiveness depends on two factors: 1) production volume; 2) product quality. Thus, the main task of the subgroup is to create an organization so that it works as efficiently as possible during 10-minute production cycles. Between cycles, you will have the opportunity to reorganize. Before the start of each cycle, you will receive the source material - a word or phrase. Its letters serve as the raw material for the production of new words that are packaged into sentences. For example, from the word "crocodile" you can make the phrase "an idol gave birth to a stake." Before starting the production cycle, you should carefully study the rules of production. Work order: 1. Two Heads of the Quality Council are invited from a group of students in advance. They receive production rules and get acquainted with them. 2. A group of students is divided into subgroups (4-6 people), which form small firms for the production of words. 3. Preparation (20 min) - familiarization with the tasks of the lesson and the task, production rules and evaluation of results in the Quality Council. The Council consists of representatives of all manufacturing companies, Council Leaders and a teacher. At the end of the independent study of the rules by the manufacturers, the leaders of the Quality Council bring to them the most important rules, pay attention to the main criteria for assessing the quality of the product. 4. Modeling according to the following algorithm. Step 1 (10 min). Members create organizations. Questions for participants: What are the objectives of your organization? How will you achieve them? How will you plan your work? What division of labor, power and responsibility is most appropriate for your goals, objectives and technology? eleven
12 Which team members are best suited for which tasks? Each subgroup nominates one representative to the Quality Council (the rules for evaluating results in the Quality Council are given below). Step 2 (10 min). First production run. All subgroups receive the original material, ie. two sets of letters for two production runs (the original set must consist of letters). The countdown starts. 1 minute before the end of the cycle, the teacher warns about the remaining time. At the command of the leader, the work stops. The representative of the group must present the results of the work to the moderator within 30 seconds for participation in the Quality Council. Step 3 (15 min). The Quality Council checks the quality of products and reports the results. The participants analyze the work organization of the first cycle and reorganize the firm for the second production cycle. Step 4 (10 min). Second production run. The loop is performed similarly to step 2, but with a new initial set of letters. Step 5 (15 min). The Quality Council checks the quality of products and reports the results. Participants analyze the organization of work during both cycles and prepare short reports on various aspects of the organization of their firms; analysis (60 min); representatives of each subgroup make a report on the results of the work, they are discussed. Questions for the preparation of reports and discussions: What organizational structure(culture, leadership style, decision-making methods) did your firm have during the first production cycle? Was she effective? Why do you think so? (The same question applies to all analyzed parameters listed in brackets.) How was the quality control carried out? Has there been a reorganization? If yes, what was it? How has the structure, culture, leadership style, and decision-making changed? Have there been conflicts? If so, how were they resolved? What factors have had the greatest impact on the performance of your organization? What theoretical ideas and concepts have been most useful to you? Production rules: Products that do not meet the accepted rules do not withstand quality control and are not allowed on the market. From the initial set of words, it is required to create as many sentences as possible. In the produced word, letters can be used as many times as they occur in the original set of words. For example, from the original word "crocodile" you can produce the word "eye", but you can not - the word "about", because in the original word "crocodile" there are only two letters "o". The letters "e" and "ё"; "and" and "and"; "b" and "b" are considered different. The letters of the original word can be used in all words of the sentence being composed (for example, from the word "crocodile" you can make the sentence "an idol gave birth to a stake." A new word cannot be created by changing the grammatical form of the word (case, number, etc.). Words differ in spelling, not by meaning (for example, "castle" and "castle") The use of non-literary words (for example, jargon) is not allowed. The use of proper names is allowed. The sentence must contain a subject and a predicate. The allowed number of words in sentences is at least 3 and not more than 5. A produced word can be used only once during one production cycle.The sentence does not have to carry a semantic load (for example, the phrase "the house overflowed the banks" is acceptable).
13 Rules for the sale of products: Products issued by each company on a separate sheet of paper are accepted by the Quality Council on the basis of the above rules for the production of products. Products are evaluated on the following scale: + 1 point - for each word in the accepted proposal; 1 point - for each word in the unaccepted sentence. Evaluation of results in the Quality Council: Each representative of the subgroup in the Quality Council must have a list of proposals presented on one sheet containing the words produced by the subgroup. If the group did not present the result within 30 seconds, then it is not considered, and it is considered that the group did not produce a single word. The Quality Council evaluates the compliance of the submitted products with the standards set forth in the "Production Rules", and determines the result of the work of the subgroups, the number of produced words that meet the standards. If any word in a sentence does not meet the standards, the entire sentence is crossed out. In addition, the number of words in the rejected proposal is subtracted from the subgroup result as a penalty. Report formatting requirements: The subgroup prepares a single report on the work done with a detailed justification for each stage of implementation. As an industry where the firm is engaged, there remains the production of sentences from phrases. thirteen
14 TOPIC 3: MANAGEMENT CYCLE Practical work 1 ANALYSIS OF THE ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT CYCLE The purpose of the work is to learn how to distribute the functions of a leader (manager) in accordance with the management cycle (on a specific example). Tasks: 1. Complete the management cycle diagram (see workbook for practical work). 2. Study carefully the example of the job description for the head of the personnel department (option 1), deputy director (option 2), sales manager (option 3), brand manager (option 4). Distribute the functions of the manager in accordance with the management cycle and fill in the table (in the table, indicate the numbers of the corresponding paragraphs of the instruction). Job descriptions are presented in the application Distribution of functions of the head of the personnel department by stages of the management cycle. Management function (sta- Functions of the head of the personnel department of the management cycle) 3. Enter in the table of managers according to the levels of management: foreman, foreman, head of the personnel department, shop manager, general manager, financial director, chief accountant. Level of management Higher Middle Lower Types of managers by levels of management. Who is the Head of the organization and his deputies All other heads of the organization that are not assigned to the highest and lower levels Heads who do not have managers under their control 4. Solve the situation below. 5. Prepare answers to security questions. Main tasks Formation of the organization's goals, development of long-term plans, interaction of the organization with the external environment Coordination of the work of lower managers, management of individual divisions Direct organization of employees engaged in core activities, control over the use of raw materials and equipment heads of departments about management functions. 14
15 The head of the shop, Fedorov, wrote in his notebook: “Any subject and object of management has common unified management functions. There are many management functions, but they have always been, are and will be based on a three-tier division.” Master Semyonov read what was written aloud and clarified: “Each object and subject of management has its own correlation of functions, their rational combination or division. In the process of development, in each control object, changes occur in the conditions of the operation of general functions, a combination of their individual elements and tasks to be solved. Statement of the problem: 1. Give a list of functions that are basic for the object and subject of management? 2. Describe what management functions characterize preliminary, operational and final management. 3. Arrange the following concepts in a logical sequence (from general to more specific): “functions of the governing body”, “functions of management”, “functions of an employee of the management apparatus” and “functions of the control object”. 4. The role of what functions increases (decreases, remains unchanged) in the conditions of the formation of market relations? Control questions 1. What are managerial functions? 2. What is planning? 3. Place of planning in a country with a market economy; 4. Organization as an object of management; 5. What is motivation? 6. What is the role of control in management? 7. What is the relationship between planning and control? Business game 3 BASIC MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS The purpose of the game is to learn how to distribute the functions of a leader (manager) in accordance with the management cycle (on a specific example). General guidelines The most important of the managerial functions is making managerial decisions. Responsibility for the decisions made lies with the head of the organization or collegiate body who makes decisions. As a rule, the adoption of a managerial decision is preceded by careful preparation, which includes an analysis of the managerial situation, forecasting its development trends, and much more. One of our classes will be specifically devoted to the main stages of preparing a management decision. After the decision is made, a detailed plan for its implementation should be developed, including the amount of necessary resources, the implementation period, and the executors who are entrusted with the implementation of the various stages of the adopted management decision. The next function of management is planning. We know such varieties of planning as strategic, tactical and operational, depending on the tasks that are set in the development of plans. During the transition to a market economy in Russia at the end of the 20th century. many enterprises abandoned this important management function, which was often one of the reasons for their inefficient performance. 15
16 The main functions of management are implemented through management communications, through which management information is transmitted. In the process of making and implementing managerial decisions, orders, orders, instructions, plans are transmitted from a higher level to a lower one in the managerial hierarchy, information is requested on the state of affairs on the ground. In the opposite direction, information is transmitted on the state of affairs, on the implementation of orders, orders, plans, management decisions are requested in case of problems that are not within the competence of a lower managerial level. A higher management level may receive proposals for solving problems that have arisen, for adjusting plan targets, etc. The successful implementation of management decisions largely depends on the quality of management communications. The technological sequence of the management process, in which the main management functions are implemented, forms the main management cycle (Fig. 1). Figure 1 Main management cycle. Managerial situation 1 The management of a large factory for the production of tools for mechanical engineering has set the task of a wider penetration into foreign markets sales. To do this, it was necessary to significantly improve the quality of products. At the same time, it was not possible to purchase new production lines or carry out a large-scale replacement of equipment due to large accounts receivable (late payment for purchased products by consumer enterprises). Problem 1. What is the best strategy for a wider market penetration for the plant? What can be recommended in the current situation to the management of the plant to solve the problem of improving product quality? What role can additional employee motivation play? Development of the management situation 1. As a strategy for a wider penetration of the products manufactured by the plant into the sales markets, it is advisable to use the strategy of increasing the production of tools that are in steady demand among consumers. This will, on the one hand, reduce the labor intensity of production and improve the quality of products, and on the other hand, reduce its cost. The plant managed to solve the task of significantly improving the quality of manufactured tools by creating quality circles in the workshops, which included the most experienced workers and craftsmen. They were tasked with finding ways to improve quality at all stages of tool making. At the same time, the implementation of the received proposals was guaranteed, provided that they passed the examination. In the case of a positive result from the implemented proposal, a bonus was set, commensurate with the average salary. sixteen
17 In fig. 2. the main functions of management and the basic principles of their implementation in the process of managing an organization are presented. The management system functions effectively only when it ensures the implementation of each of the main management functions. The absence of any link in the process of functioning of the management system of any organization makes the management system ineffective. The task of any leader in the formation or reorganization of the management system is to ensure that each of the main management functions is implemented in the newly formed or reorganized management system. Managerial Situation 2 When organizing control over the execution of plan targets at a woodworking factory, a communication system was used, in which all information about the progress of the plan, emerging problems and difficulties came to the masters of the main production sites, from them to the heads of workshops, from the heads of workshops to the administration of the factory. Figure 2 Main management functions and principles of their implementation According to the tradition that existed at the factory, the foreman analyzed the current results of the implementation of the plan and transferred his conclusions to a higher authority. The foreman worked on the same principle with the information received by him. The role of the factory management in the implementation of control was reduced to familiarization with the information received from the heads of the shops. Problem 2. Analyze the situation with the organization of control over the fulfillment of planned targets that has developed at a woodworking factory. Assess the quality of communications. What would you recommend to a factory manager? Development of the management situation 2. With the organization of control that has developed at the factory, the factory management is not guaranteed from receiving false information from the heads of shops, and the heads of shops from receiving false information from the foremen. This allows us to characterize the communication system at the factory as insufficiently effective. 17
18 As a result of the use of such a system of communications, the principle of independence of control was violated. The functions of production and control over the execution were carried out by one official, which resulted in the receipt of not always objective and timely information on the progress of the plan by the higher management. Naturally, in such a situation, the receipt of orders from a higher managerial level to a lower one is late and does not always correspond to the current situation. The director of the factory can be recommended to reorganize the control and communication systems through which information is received on the progress of the implementation of planned targets. The management of the factory, along with the conclusions of the heads of workshops and foremen, should have primary (direct) information on the progress of the implementation of planned targets. Making a managerial decision is the first in a series of basic management functions. The main functional chain of organization planning, motivation, control is preceded by a strategic, tactical or operational management decision. The adoption of a strategic decision on the transition to the production of a new type of product sets in motion the entire main functional chain. The adoption of a strategic decision on a new defensive Doctrine of the country, a new social policy or a policy of economic transformation also “turns on” the entire main functional chain, without which the implementation of the adopted managerial decision is impossible. If the company has accepted tactical decision about increasing the volume of production, which is expected to be in high demand in the near future, and will allow you to get additional profit, this entails the need to develop an additional plan, requires additional organizational work, motivation, control. An operational management solution to a serious problem that has arisen in a particular area of the enterprise may also require the inclusion of the entire main functional chain, starting with making adjustments to the approved plans (production, financial, etc.). However, both tactical and operational decisions must be consistent with the enterprise development strategy. The development and adjustment of the strategy, followed by the adoption of a management decision at the appropriate level of strategic, tactical, operational, together with the main functional chain, form the main management cycle shown in Fig.
Sklyarova E.E. MANAGEMENT EDUCATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL COMPLEX WORKBOOK FOR PRACTICAL WORKS in the specialty 080114 Economics and accounting (by industry) Voronezh 2013 BBK 65.290-2 Electronic educational and methodical
Game "Shipwreck" Purpose: The exercise is used to explore the decision-making process of a group; teaches effective behavior to achieve agreement in solving a group problem; provides
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DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND YOUTH POLICY OF THE VORONEZH REGION OF GOBU SPO IN "VORONEZH STATE INTELLIGENT AND ECONOMIC COLLEGE" APPROVED: Cycle Commission 4 Minutes of 2013 Chairman
The Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Tatarstan
SUMMARY OF DISCIPLINES DIRECTIONS OF THE ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL PROGRAM "MANAGEMENT" Annotation to the discipline "Psychology of business relations" The discipline "Psychology of business relations" refers to the disciplines
STATE BUDGET PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF THE SAMARA REGION "BOGATOV VOCATIONAL SCHOOL"
CONTENTS 1. PASSPORT OF THE WORKING PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE...4. STRUCTURE AND CONTENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE ..6 3. CONDITIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE ....13
CONTENTS 1. PASSPORT OF THE WORKING PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE page 4 2. STRUCTURE AND CONTENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE 6 3. CONDITIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE 10
Appendix 5.3.4 to the OPOP for the PPSSZ specialty 38.0.01 Economics and accounting (by industry) State budgetary vocational educational institution "Regional multidisciplinary technical school"
Novosibirsk technical school railway transport structural subdivision of the federal state budgetary educational institution of higher professional education "Siberian State
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW STATE BUDGET PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW "FIRST MOSCOW EDUCATIONAL COMPLEX" (GBPOU "1st MOK") WORKING PROGRAM
CONTENTS p.
FEDERAL STATE BUDGETARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION "ORENBURG STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY" Pokrovsky Agricultural College APPROVED Branch Director
Efremov Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov" of the Ministry
Annotation of the work program of the training practice "Rationing of labor at agro-industrial complex enterprises" Direction of training 38.03.02 Management Profile "Production management" Qualification bachelor 1. The purpose of the training
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "NATIONAL RESEARCH MOSCOW STATE CONSTRUCTION
CONTENT. PASSPORT OF THE EXAMPLE PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE 2. STRUCTURE AND EXAMPLE CONTENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE 3. CONDITIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE 4. CONTROL AND EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS OF MASTERING THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE
PRIVATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION "ACADEMY OF SOCIAL EDUCATION" Fund of appraisal means of the discipline OP.03 Management Specialty 38.02.07 Banking (basic training)
Annotation of the discipline (module) B.1.B.14 Theory of management (history of managerial thought, theory of organization, organizational behavior) in the direction of training 38.03.02 Management General labor intensity
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation URAL STATE FOREST ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND MODELING О.А. Karaseva Management decisions Educational and methodical instructions
Annotation of the program of the discipline "Educational practice-1" 1. Goals and objectives of the discipline. The goal is to consolidate and expand the knowledge gained by students in the process of theoretical training in basic educational
1 2 CONTENTS 1. PASSPORT OF THE PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE 4 2. STRUCTURE AND CONTENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE 6 3. CONDITIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DISCIPLINE 10 4. CONTROL AND EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS OF MASTERING THE DISCIPLINE
Department of Education of the city of Moscow State budgetary educational institution of secondary vocational education of the city of Moscow College of the service sector 3 WORKING PROGRAM of the academic discipline
SHEET OF UPDATING changes, date of change and minutes of the meeting of the educational and methodological commission of the faculty of secondary vocational education, page number with the change Reason: decision of the meeting of the PCC of economic disciplines from the protocol
1 GOVERNMENT OF SAINT PETERSBURG COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND HIGHER SCHOOL SPb GBPOU "Petrovsky College" WORKING PROGRAM OF EDUCATIONAL AND INDUSTRIAL PRACTICE PM.02. Participation in the organization of production activities
2 1. Aims and objectives of the discipline The purpose of studying the discipline "enterprise economics" is to form the economic style of thinking necessary for a modern specialist in market conditions. Develop skills, abilities,
Ministry of Education and Science of the Samara Region STATE BUDGET PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION "VOLGA STATE COLLEGE" I APPROVE the Order of the Director of the College of 09/01/016
ANNOTATION of the program of the state interdisciplinary exam Direction of training 38.03.02 Management Profile of training - financial management Qualification (degree) - bachelor Form of study -
Appendix 4 Annotation of the program of the discipline "Educational practice-1" 1. Goals and objectives of the discipline. The goal is to consolidate and expand the knowledge gained by students in the process of theoretical training in the main
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND YOUTH POLICY OF THE STAVROPOL REGION
WORKING PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE OP.03 MANAGEMENT 2016 1 The work program of the academic discipline OP.03 Management was developed on the basis of the Federal State Educational Standard of Secondary
The work program of the discipline "Management" for the specialty of secondary vocational education: 40.0.01 Law and organization of social security. DEVELOPER ORGANIZATION: Private educational
Annotation of the work program of the academic discipline of the ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL PROGRAM Professional retraining "Management in tourism" Direction of training 38.03.02 "Management" 1.1. Purpose and
Update sheet The change in the work program of the discipline was made in accordance with the decisions of the PCC of Information Technology and Accounting and Economic Disciplines in accordance with Protocol 1 of 28.08.2015.
Appendix 2 to the work program of the discipline "Management"
Ministry of Education and Science of the Samara Region
Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Russian the University of Economics name
Mansurov Ruslan Evgenievich Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Marketing and Economics, Deputy Director Research Institute of Economics, Management and Law 420111, Russian Federation, Kazan,
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "TYUMEN STATE OIL AND GAS UNIVERSITY"
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Russian University of Economics named after G.V. Plekhanov Faculty of Service
1. General provisions 1.1. The practice of students is integral part the main professional educational program (hereinafter referred to as the BEP) and is a type of training session focused on professional and practical
1 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW STATE BUDGET PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW PEDAGOGICAL COLLEGE 15 Work program of the discipline OGSE. 09 MANAGEMENT
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF RUSSIA State educational institution of higher professional education "Kuzbass State Pedagogical Academy" (KuzGPA) Faculty of Technology and Economics Department
EDUCATIONAL PRACTICE (practice for obtaining primary professional skills) 1. Place in the structure of the BEP This section refers to the practice block B2 of the curriculum for the preparation of bachelors in the direction
GENERAL PROVISIONS The area of professional activity of masters includes: 1. Economic, financial, marketing and analytical services of organizations various industries and forms of ownership; 2. Organs
Moscow, 2014 2 PROGRAM THEMATIC PLAN... 3 PROGRAM CURRICULUM... 4 PROGRAM MODULES CONTENT... 5 3 PROGRAM THEMATIC PLAN Training module of the program Module 1 "Managerial competence
1. The purpose and objectives of the discipline The work program for the discipline "Organizational behavior and change management" was developed in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education, the competence-based approach implemented
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF RUSSIA Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Ukhta State Technical University" Industrial Institute (secondary
1 2 CONTENT page 1. PASSPORT OF THE PROGRAM OF THE DISCIPLINE 4
Direction of training 8.0.02 (080200) Management Profile "Management of the organization" RPD B.B.2 Appendix L.RPD B.B. 2 Branch of the federal state budgetary educational institution of higher
2015 2 SECTION 1. ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL 1.1. Sheet of registration of changes p / p Information about the changes made to the minutes of the meeting of the department Date of introduction Signature Date for the introduction of changes into effect 3
1 1. General characteristics of the educational program 38.03.02 Management (profile "Financial management") 1.1. Purpose (mission) of the educational program The purpose of the educational program is to train
CONTENT. PASSPORT OF THE WORKING PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE p. 4. STRUCTURE AND CONTENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE 5
CONTENTS 1. PASSPORT OF THE WORKING PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE p.. STRUCTURE AND CONTENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE 5
As a result of the reforms being carried out in Russia, there are huge shifts in the system of economic relations not only between business entities, but also in the management of enterprises. New economic conditions demanded other methods and management techniques, a more detailed approach to the planning of production processes. Management issues in modern conditions are becoming not only relevant, but simply necessary.
Knowledge of the basics of management allows:
more successfully navigate your workplace, regardless of position;
greatly facilitate the process of personnel management;
develop communication skills and create the basis for business relationships at a sufficiently high level;
respond more adequately to events occurring in the organization, at the enterprise, simplifies the resolution of problems and conflict situations.
Electronic educational and methodical complex contains:
1. Annotation to the EUMC discipline
2. Regulatory and educational documentation
3. Extract from GEF
4. Exemplary program for the academic discipline
5. The volume of discipline and types of educational work, forms of current and intermediate control
6. KTP
7. Work program of the discipline
8. Control and measuring materials
9. Guidelines for teachers on the implementation of practical work
10. Educational and methodological support of discipline
Textbook on discipline.
11. Guidelines for the implementation of independent extracurricular and classroom work by students
12. Logistics and information support of discipline
13. Guidelines for the teacher
14. Conclusion
15. Literature
Appendix (Electronic manual Lecture notes on Management)
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The essence of management Key concepts
Lecture plan: Management Manager Basic functions of management Management functions Hierarchy of management
Management Management is a set of methods, means and forms of modern production management in order to increase its efficiency, increase profits
Management The founder of management - F. Taylor (1911 - "Principles of scientific management") The father of management - Henri Fayol (developed 14 universal principles of management) In Russia, as a science, management took shape in the 30-40s. XX century.
Manager A manager is a person who is professionally involved in management activities, empowered to make management decisions and carry out their implementation The goal of the manager's work is to ensure the stable competitiveness of the company
The main functions of management Management is the process of planning, organizing, motivating and controlling, necessary in order to formulate and achieve the goals of the organization planning organization motivation control Management process communication (feedback)
Management functions: organization motivation control is the formation of a management goal, the choice of ways and methods to achieve this goal planning is the creation of an optimal management structure aimed at achieving the goal of the organization this is a set of methods that encourage employees to work most efficiently this is a system for regulating the activities of employees according to performance of work of a certain quantity and quality
Hierarchy of management development and implementation of the organization's strategy, making important decisions (company president, minister, rector) monitoring the work of lower managers and transmitting information to senior managers (heads / heads of departments, deans, etc.) monitoring the implementation of production tasks , for the use of resources: raw materials, equipment, personnel (heads of sections, foremen, etc.) Institutional level Management level Technical level Back to the menu
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Management efficiency
The concept of efficiency Management efficiency is when the entire management process, from goal setting to the final result of the activity, should be carried out at the lowest cost or with the greatest efficiency.
The concept of effect Effect is the result of the implementation of measures aimed at improving the organization as a whole Components of the management effect: economic; socio-economic effect; social effect.
Components of the success of the organization the ability to survive the effectiveness and efficiency of the practical implementation of decisions.
Key Performance Indicators 1. Share of management costs. 2. Economic efficiency of management. 3. The ratio of the number of administrative staff to the number of production personnel. 4. The ratio of linear and functional management personnel. 5. Financial position of the enterprise.
Social performance indicators Timeliness of order fulfillment Completeness of order fulfillment Rendering additional services After-sales service
Economic efficiency indicators The share of administrative and management expenses in the total cost of the organization The share of headcount managerial workers in the total number of employees in the organization Norm of manageability
Management efficiency. The concept of management effectiveness is the ability of the management system to ensure the achievement of final results that create conditions for the sustainable development of the organization.
Management is effective if: The organization has achieved the final results These results are commensurate with the needs A certain need for the results of the organization's activities has been identified Performance has been achieved for each type of functional management
Necessary qualities of a manager for successful management Ability to lead Communication skills Charisma Ability to form a team Endurance Ability to navigate in an environment Intuition Ability to get out of conflict situations Diplomacy Ability to quickly integrate a team Ability to negotiate Ability to use people's opportunities for the benefit of the organization Back to the menu
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Essence and methods of planning and forecasting Planning and forecasting in the management system
The concepts of forecasting and planning Forecasting is a look into the future, an assessment of possible development paths, the consequences of certain decisions Planning is the development of a sequence of actions that allows you to achieve the desired Planning consists in a systematic search for opportunities to act and in predicting the consequences of these actions under given conditions
Why is it difficult to predict? it is difficult to predict due to the existence of various types of uncertainties: lack of knowledge about natural phenomena and processes; uncertainties associated with the immediate environment of the company (primarily partners and competitors of our company);
Criteria for classifying planning by timing by content in the aspect of entrepreneurial activity by areas of functioning by coverage general operational partial targeted tactical strategic potential finance marketing finance production short-term medium-term long-term contour global detailed by the degree of coverage by the subject (object) of planning
Techniques and types of planning Distinguish: sequential planning (a new plan is drawn up after the expiration of the previous one) rolling planning (after part of the validity period of the previous plan, it is revised for the remaining period and a new one is drawn up for the period after the end of the entire period of the previous one, etc.) rigid planning (all goals and activities are specifically indicated) flexible planning (taking into account the possibility of ambiguous conditions and revision of the plan taking them into account)
Planning as a management decision. Stages of planning 1. Goal setting (goal setting) What exactly does your company want to achieve? Which way seems to be the best? 2. Selection, analysis and evaluation of ways to achieve the set goals 3. Drawing up a list of necessary actions How close are the real results to the planned ones? 4. Drawing up a program of work (action plan) What exactly needs to be done to achieve the goals? 8. Monitoring the implementation of the plan, making necessary changes if necessary 6. Analysis of the developed version of the plan 5. Analysis of resources In what order should the actions outlined at the previous stage be carried out? 7. Preparation of a detailed action plan Does the developed plan solve the tasks set at the first stage? What resources will be needed to implement the plan? It is necessary to detail the developed plan, choose the deadlines for the work, calculate the necessary resources.
Forecasting methods All forecasting methods (there are more than 100 of them) can be divided into two groups The most widely used methods are “brainstorming” interview methods collective expert surveys scenario method non-formalized (heuristic) formalized individual expert assessments collective expert assessments scenario writing modeling extrapolation methods Back to the menu
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Motivation of activity in management
Basic concepts Motivation is a set of internal and external driving forces that induce a person to activity aimed at achieving certain goals. Needs are the internal state of a person, reflecting the physiological and psychological deficiency of something.
Basic Concepts A motive is something that causes certain actions of a person. Incentives - act as levers of influence or carriers of "irritation" that cause the action of certain motives.
Scheme of the motivational process 1. Emergence of needs 2. Finding ways to eliminate needs 6. Eliminate needs 5. Taking action for a reward 4. Taking action 3. Determining the direction of action
Hierarchy theory Maslow's needs Key ideas: unsatisfied needs motivate a person to action, satisfied needs do not motivate people; the higher the position of the needs in the hierarchy, the fewer people they become motivators of behavior.
Maslow's pyramid of needs
Disadvantages of Maslow's Concept Ignoring individual characteristics people and the influence of situational factors; assumptions about the possibility of moving from one level of needs to another only in the direction from the bottom up; the assertion that the satisfaction of the upper group weakens the impact on motivation.
Alderfer's ERG theory Alderfer, like Maslow, considers the need for a hierarchy, but considers it possible to move from one level to another in any direction.
Alderfer's ERG theory (need groups) Existence needs Communication needs Growth needs
Scheme of ascent and reverse entry down the Alderfer's hierarchy of needs The process of satisfying needs is a movement up through the levels of needs. The process of frustration is a defeat in the desire to satisfy a need. Needs for growth Needs for connection Needs for existence
D. McClelland's concept of motivation (the theory of acquired needs) The author highlights: the need for success (a person's desire to achieve goals more effectively than before); n the need for involvement (establishing good relations with others, receiving support from them); n need for power: seek power for the sake of domination seek power for the sake of solving group problems.
Herzberg's theory of two factors The author showed that both satisfaction and dissatisfaction of needs affect people's behavior. The leader must first remove dissatisfaction from employees, and then seek satisfaction.
Need groups Motivating (in recognition, success, promotion, etc.) “Hygienic” (related to working conditions)
Scales for assessing the degree of satisfaction of needs "Satisfaction - lack of satisfaction" (satisfaction of motivating needs stimulates labor activity, dissatisfaction does not demotivate). “Dissatisfaction - lack of dissatisfaction” (dissatisfaction of “hygienic” needs reduces incentives to work, but satisfaction does not completely activate it).
Influence of motivational factors on people's attitude to work Factors that increase productivity Make people work better, % Make work more attractive, % Both together, % Good chances of promotion 48 22 19 Good salary 45 22 22 Work that makes them develop abilities 40 22 20 hard work 38 30 15 Thinking work 32 33 17 Interesting work 36 35 18 Quality work 35 31 20 Recognition and approval of good work 41 34 17
Influence of hygiene factors on people's attitude to work Factors that increase the attractiveness of work Make work better, % Make work more attractive, % Both together, % Calm work 13 61 15 Availability of information 21 49 16 Good management 19 52 12 Quiet and clean environment 12 56 2 Flexible working hours 18 49 15 Convenient work location 12 56 12 Additional benefits 27 45 18 Fair distribution of tasks 21 45 8 Good teamwork 17 54 13
W. Vroom's expectation theory He believed that in addition to conscious needs, a person is driven by the hope of a fair reward. Valence - the degree of attractiveness and priority for a person to achieve goals. Expectation is people's perception of the extent to which their actions will lead to the desired result.
Components of successful motivation based on the theory of expectations Valuable remuneration Clear statement of the task Presence of the necessary working conditions Single connection between the result and remuneration Ensuring feedback between the manager and subordinates.
Schematic representation of the theory of expectation Valence of the result Valence of the result Expectation of the results of the second level Expectation of the results of the second level EFFORT PERFORMANCE REWARD PUNISHMENT
The theory of justice by J. Adams The author argues that a person's motivation is influenced by the fairness of assessing his success in comparison with both previous periods and the achievements of other people. Individual income = Income of others Individual costs = Costs of others
The theory of justice by J. Adams A positive role is played by: open discussions of controversial issues; exclusion of secrecy regarding the amount of remuneration; creation of a favorable moral and psychological climate. Back to menu
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PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
Personnel management = human resource management
the totality of all human resources that an organization has: employees of the organization partners who are involved in the implementation of projects experts who can be involved in research, strategy development, implementation of specific activities personnel
Features of the organization's personnel: features of individual behavior; features of group behavior; features of the behavior of managers, members of the management team.
Human resources activities = targeted impact on the human component of the organization
Basic approaches to personnel management: Economic Organic Humanistic
Economic approach = use of labor resources Within the framework of this approach, the leading place is occupied by technical (aimed at mastering labor techniques), and not managerial training of people at the enterprise. Organization here means the ordering of relations between clearly defined parts of the whole, having a certain order.
Organic approach = the concept of personnel management and the concept of human resource management. Emphasis on the human resource contributed to the birth of a new idea of the organization. It began to be perceived as a living system that exists in the environment.
Humanistic approach According to the humanistic approach, culture can be seen as the process of creating a reality that allows people to see and understand events, actions, situations in a certain way and give meaning and meaning to their own behavior = human control and from the idea of the organization as a cultural phenomenon.
Principles of personnel management: 1. The principle of personnel selection 2. The principle of succession 3. The principle of professional and official promotion of personnel 4. The principle of open competition 5. The principle of combining trust in personnel with verification of performance. 6. The principle of democratization of work with personnel. 7. The principle of systematic work with personnel. 8. The principle of adaptability to the conditions of the modern economic mechanism.
Production (workers) Managerial (employees) Key Auxiliary Managers Specialists: personnel classification functional Technical engineers
Career guidance and adaptation are an important component of the personnel training system and are the regulator of the relationship between the education system and practical activities. It is the basis for meeting the organization's workforce needs.
Vocational guidance = is a system of measures that includes the provision of information and advice necessary for a person to choose a profession that best suits his personal abilities and characteristics, as well as required in the labor market.
Career management mechanism.
Types of adaptation
In a formal assessment system, there may be interested:
Objectives of personnel assessment improvement of current activities; definition of production goals and objectives; assessment of training/development needs. Back to menu
INTRODUCTION
The theme of the graduation project is - "Electronic teaching materials in the discipline" Management ".
Relevance. At present, due to the rapid development of network and communication technologies, there is a need for the effective use of new network technologies. In this area, the most urgent task is the creation and widespread introduction of automated learning systems into the educational process.
Automated learning systems (ATS) have the following characteristic features:
-Flexibility. The opportunity to study at a convenient time for yourself, at a convenient place and pace. An unregulated period of time for mastering the discipline; -Modularity. The ability to form a curriculum from a set of independent training courses - modules that meets individual or group needs; Parallelism. Parallel with professional activity training, i.e. without interruption from production; Coverage. Simultaneous access to many sources of educational information (electronic libraries, data banks, knowledge bases, etc.) of a large number of students. Communication through communication networks with each other and with teachers; Profitability. Efficient use of training areas, technical facilities, vehicles, concentrated and unified presentation of educational information and multi-access to it reduces the cost of training specialists; Manufacturability. Use in the educational process of the latest achievements of information and telecommunication technologies that contribute to the advancement of a person in the global post-industrial information space; Social equality. Equal opportunities to receive education regardless of the place of residence, state of health, elitism and material security of the student; Internationality. Export and import of world achievements in the market of educational services; The new role of the teacher. AOS expands and updates the role of the teacher, who must coordinate the cognitive process, constantly improve the courses he teaches, increase creative activity and qualifications in accordance with innovations and innovations; The AES also has a positive impact on the student, increasing his creative and intellectual potential through self-organization, the desire for knowledge, the ability to interact with computer technology and make responsible decisions independently. An analysis of the use of information technologies in the organization of the educational process in the discipline "Operating Systems and Environments" in secondary vocational schools shows the absence of automated didactic developments. The purpose of this course project is: the development of an electronic teaching materials for the discipline "Management" for the introduction into the educational process in this discipline of an electronic course of lectures and electronic guidelines for the implementation of practical work. The developed electronic textbook will allow: -students to master the course at their own pace; -since such a training course is usually offered in a structured way, for example, in the form of separate training modules, training using modern technologies often more consistent and unified than traditional classroom teaching; the student can study theoretical material and do practical work at home or in other places. The object of research in this graduation project is the organization of the educational process in the discipline "Management" in the system of secondary vocational education in modern conditions. The subject of the research is the development of an electronic textbook "Management". The hypothesis of the study is the assumption that the EMC "Management" will increase the level of efficiency of the organization of the educational process in this discipline. In accordance with the purpose and hypothesis of the study, the following research objectives are defined: -consider the educational process in the discipline "Management" as an object of the subject area; -substantiate the necessity and purpose of using computer technology to solve the problem; describe the general characteristics of the organization of the solution of the problem; substantiate design decisions by types of support. The theoretical basis of the study was: new pedagogical and information technologies in the education system (E.S. Polat), information technologies in education (I.G. Zakharova), principles for creating electronic textbooks (A.Yu. Derevnina., M.B. Konyakov , V.A. Semikin), methodology for compiling training programs (N.F. Talyzina), modern information technologies in education: didactic problems, prospects for use (I.V. Robert). Together, they made it possible to: determine the direction of the current stage of development of education; new orientations of society regarding the future specialist; features of the organization of independent work of students and ways to increase its effectiveness in the context of the modernization of education. To solve the tasks set in the study and test the research hypothesis, the following methods were used: -theoretical (analysis of scientific and methodological and psychological and pedagogical literature; analysis of educational and teaching aids in the discipline "Management", analysis of the curriculum in this discipline, analysis of the existing software on the problem under study); -programming in Borland Delphi. The considered software product "Electronic TMC "Management"" is designed for students of the system of secondary vocational education studying in all specialties. 1. MAIN PART 1 Introduction to the organization Kemerovo State Vocational Pedagogical College is a state educational institution of secondary vocational education. License for educational activities No. A 040595 dated January 29, 2003, issued by the state licensing and certification service of the Kemerovo region. The college has state accreditation, certificate of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation No. 25-1559 dated 14.01.2002. The structure of the KemGPPC according to staffing currently the following: director; -deputy Director of Education; deputy director for scientific and methodological work; deputy director of educational work; deputy director of continuing education; deputy director for educational and production work; deputy director for administrative and economic part; head departments (by specialty); head of physics education; extramural; accounting; Human Resources Department; educational part; archive. The college management structure is shown in Figure 1: Figure 1 - College management structure Currently, the college is a modern educational institution, with a good educational and material base, computer classes, training and production workshops, an educational and sports complex, a library, a canteen, a hostel. All the conditions for the successful mastering of theoretical knowledge and practical skills necessary for a future specialist are created here. The Kemerovo State Vocational Pedagogical College provides training in the following specialties: Vocational training (by industry): installation, adjustment and operation of electrical equipment of enterprises and civil buildings; construction and operation of buildings and structures; computer software and automated systems; physical education; jurisprudence; VT and AS software; social pedagogy; design (by industry). 2 Introduction to the software The office where the internship took place is equipped with 4 computers with completely different technical characteristics: computer: 504 MB - the amount of RAM; Intel (R) 82865G Graphics Controller - built-in video adapter with 96 MB memory; DVD drive; monitor (17 inches); keyboard; mouse optical; printer HP DJ D4163 - inkjet color printer; MFP Canon MF 3200 - laser MFP. computer: Intel (R) Celeron (R) CPU 2.53 GHz - processor; 248 MB - the amount of RAM; Intel (R) 82945G Express Chipset Family - built-in video adapter with 128 MB memory; DVD drive; FDD drive; monitor (17 inches); keyboard; mouse optical; Canon IB 1300 printer - color inkjet printer. computer: AMD (R) Duron (R) Processor 650 GHz - processor; 384 MB - the amount of RAM; NVIDIA (R) RIVA TNT2 - 16 MB video adapter; CD-ROM - drive; monitor (17 inches); keyboard; mouse optical; a printer Epson Stylus Color 480 is an inkjet color printer. computer: Intel (R) Celeron (R) CPU 1.70 GHz - processor; 256 MB - the amount of RAM; RADEON 9800 - video adapter with 128 MB memory; DVD drive; monitor (17 inches); keyboard; mouse optical; The computers of this office are combined into local network, each computer through a special network adapter is connected by a separate cable to a unifying device (switch), which allows you to use any printer from any computer, as well as transfer the necessary information from one computer to another. In the office, almost the same software is installed on all computers, which is used by people working on these computers: Windows XP Professional SP-2. Windows XP is a networked, multitasking operating system. Windows XP contains improved security features, including a new "Security Center". You can use more programs at the same time, and all programs will work quickly. Windows XP is reliable and stable, which keeps your computer running smoothly and efficiently; Microsoft Office is a package of programs designed to perform various functions for working with documents. Unlike other programs that perform similar functions, the programs included in Microsoft Office are highly integrated with each other, which ensures efficient work with documents that include parts of various types; WinRAR archiver - 32-bit version of RAR archiver for Windows, a powerful tool for creating and managing archives; Internet Explorer 8 - this program is designed for web developers and web designers of all professional levels, as it has a number of features that make it easier to write more efficient code by integrating the necessary development environment into a web browser. K-Lite Mega Codec Pack - a set of a wide variety of audio and video codecs for playing and packing multimedia files on a computer. Nero 6. Nero is a great suite of software for creating your own CDs, with great audio support, a decent burning program, and decent tools for creating your own CDs. Reserve copy information. If you have sufficient training, then working with Nero will not cause you any difficulties or frustration. The program supports multi-session and mixed recording modes; HFS, ISO/HFS, UDF, PSX, OFAS ( optimal speed file access), track-at-once (TAO) and disc-at-once (DAO) and more. Many language modules have been created for NBR, including Russian. Audio support in Nero is probably better than any other competitor. Right-click on an audio file, select the Properties option from the pop-up menu, and the Audio Track Info window will open in front of you, in which you will find a large amount of information about the file - from general information to the ability to apply special filters, remove defects or equalize the sound level. You can also set special markers to split large tracks into smaller ones. Nero can also be used as a backup tool. Like Easy CD Creator, Nero can only make a copy of the entire hard drive, but unlike it, it also allows you to restore the entire disk, not individual files. Power DVD 6.0. PowerDVD is one of the most popular and high quality software DVD players. Its main advantages include high image quality, user-friendly interface with skins and good customizability. In addition to watching movies from CDs (DVD and Video CD), PowerDVD allows you to play files in formats supported by Windows MediaPlayer, as well as MPEG1 and MPEG2. The program has all the digital functions inherent in a hardware DVD player: image scaling, continuous playback of the selected episode, setting markers to quickly find the desired scene, fast viewing, etc. There is even such an opportunity as the simultaneous display of subtitles in two languages. In the event that the image is displayed not on a widescreen, but on a simple TV or computer monitor, a very convenient feature will be the ability to convert a widescreen movie format to a full-screen picture with a 4:3 width-to-height ratio - the annoying black bars at the bottom and top of the screen disappear. Each computer has its own printer software. 2. POLICY NOTE The structure of the graduation project on the topic of electronic educational and methodological complex in the discipline "management" will consist of the following sections: ) Description of the enterprise as an object of automation; ) Software product development technologies; ) Description of the software product; ) Requirements for labor protection when working with a software product. In the conditions of modernization of education, the process of informatization is becoming more and more relevant. The use of information technology in educational institutions can increase the efficiency of the teacher. The principles of creating any electronic textbooks should be general: consistency, flexibility, sustainability, efficiency. Consistency is a system of structures which is determined by the functional purpose. Flexibility - adaptability of the system to possible restructuring. Stability is the performance of all program functions, regardless of the impact of disturbing factors on it. Efficiency is an indicator of the level of implementation of the above principles. Most of the software products developed and implemented in the field of education are teaching materials for various disciplines. When reviewing the existing software of analogues to this software product, no analogues that meet the requirements of the customer were found. 3. INDIVIDUAL TASK 1 Problem statement All learning activities educational institutions is aimed at training qualified specialists who are competitive in the labor market. If you look back at 7-10 years ago, the knowledge of computer technology was not a mandatory requirement on the part of employers. Today it is almost impossible for a graduate to get a job without mastering computer technologies. Since the quality of specialist training is understood as the compliance of this training with the requirements of the labor market, it is necessary to provide the graduate with an arsenal of appropriate modern computer technologies. Information technologies today play a very significant role in the organization of the educational process throughout the world. It is assumed that the further widespread introduction of technical means into the educational program, the improvement of microelectronics and the enrichment of the possibilities of its use, in addition to expanding the boundaries of individualized learning, will contribute to a more effective development of the cognitive activity of students. In many educational institutions, it is possible to use computer technology to organize training in various disciplines, and many different textbooks, which often had to be searched for for just one lesson, have been replaced by electronic textbooks and electronic teaching aids. Such textbooks can be effectively used in lectures and practical classes in the classroom and in the Internet room for independent work of students in the optimal mode and at a convenient time for them. Depending on the level of preparation of the student, his professional interests, you can refer to the literature indicated in the electronic manual for a broader understanding of the topic being studied. The student works in a convenient information environment, which stimulates his cognitive activity, increases motivation for learning and self-education. Thus, the use of multimedia computer programs allows: increase students' interest in the subject; more visual presentation of the material; improve the efficiency of self-education; The main goal of developing an educational and methodological complex for the discipline "Management" is the simplification and convenience of the learning process. Since the material of all topics of the program is presented in the form of abstracts, that is, the most important material of all the topics of the program being studied is presented. There are also tests on all topics of the program, so that students can test their knowledge in this discipline. This UMC "Management" also has a separate column for the teacher, with which he can edit lecture notes on all topics, and edit tests, as well as add new questions. 2 Rationale for choosing a programming language The most popular hypertext markup language is HTML. HTML hypertext markup language is a markup language for the source text of a Web document that includes special characters (tags) that allow the Web browser to construct a design from the text. provides formatting and form handling, font management, tabular display, hypertext links, and support for Java applets. the document is an ASCII text file containing the actual text that should be displayed in the Browser window, and markup commands - HTML tags that determine the appearance of the document when it is interpreted in the Browser window. The tag is written in angle brackets (< >) and consists of a name, optionally followed by a list of attributes (optional for most tags). Names and attributes are English words and abbreviations and are almost always transparent. You can write tags in any case - uppercase or lowercase letters. Tags can be divided into two large groups. Tags of the same group, called containers, affect the part of the document enclosed between them. They have two components: opening (initial) and closing (final). The closing tag has the same name as the opening tag, but its name is preceded by a slash (symbol /). Text or other tags can be placed between the opening and closing tags. Standalone (single) tags do not have a final component. They cause a one-time action, or when they are interpreted, one or another object is inserted into the displayed document. For example, tag Tags can have clarifying parameters - attributes. Attributes are written inside a stand-alone tag, and in a container - only in the opening part. In the list, attributes are separated from each other by spaces. The order of the attributes is not significant. Attribute values are specified after the equal sign in quotation marks. Example tags with attributes: text- pair tag, instructs the Browser to display the text contained in the "container" with characters increased relative to the base size (SIZE="+2") and red color (COLOR="RED"). Tags that define the structure of an HTML document. The document is enclosed in tags. and. Between these tags are two sections: the header section (between the tags The header section contains a description of the options used when displaying the document, but not directly displayed in the browser window. The body section of the document contains text intended for displaying the browser, and tags that indicate how the text is formatted, define the graphic design of the document, set hyperlink options, and so on. For instance: <ТIТLE>An example of an HTML document The simplest HTML document The browser will display this document by displaying in its window a line of text located in the body section of the document: The simplest HTML document. Thanks to the tag<ТIТLE>in the title of the Browser window, not the file name will be displayed, but the title, which usually carries semantic content. In this case, the title of the Browser window will be: An example of an HTML document. The style of writing tags in Notepad is not regulated. You can write multiple tags on one line, or you can start writing each tag on a new line. It is recommended that the text of an HTML document be written in a way that is easy to read and understand. This is a combination of several important technologies: High-performance compiler to machine code Object-oriented component model Visual (and, therefore, high-speed) building applications from software prototypes · Scalable tools for building databases The main emphasis of the model in Delphi is to use the code as productively as possible. This allows you to develop applications very quickly, since pre-prepared objects already exist. You can also create your own objects, without any restrictions. Delphi is a strongly typed object-oriented language based on Object Pascal, which is well known to programmers. The standard delivery of Delphi includes the main objects of 270 base classes<#"justify">The functional purpose of the software product The functional purpose of the software product is the informatization of the educational process in the discipline "Management". This program is installed in the Internet room, in the teacher's office for this discipline or on the student's home computer and performs the following functions: -user access control, -input, correction and viewing of the content of the teaching materials in the discipline "Management", student testing; search for information; printing of the contents of the UMK. The description of the logical structure of the software product is shown in Figure 2. The launch of the software product "Electronic UMK "Management"" is carried out by launching the file star.exe, from a CD-RW disk or from a shortcut on the desktop (UMK Management). Description of functions constituent parts and links between them are presented in Table 1. Figure 2 - Logical structure of the software product Table 1 - Description of modules ModulePurposestar.exeLaunch file of the program "Electronic teaching materials Management" Edit TestsTeacher-only module that allows you to launch the Test EditorEdit NotesTeacher-only module that allows you to launch the Notes Editor The logical structure (Figure 2) of the software product "Electronic TMC "Management"" involves working with two types of users (student and teacher). Therefore, the developed software product should include a password entry window for editing the contents of the electronic textbook. Used technical means. The set of computer equipment that ensures the operation of the software product must include: -data visual display device - monitor - VGA type or higher resolution; -IBM-compatible computer with a processor no worse than the Pentium class; obligatory presence of the mouse manipulator; input device - keyboard; data output device - printer; HDD: from 80Gb and above; CD/DVD-R/RW drive. Minimum system requirements: -operating system Microsoft Windows 98/XP; -processor clock frequency from 1.2Ghz and higher; amount of memory and RAM: minimum 64Mb; video memory size: from 64Mb. Software: -OS Windows Windows NT/XP/2000, Vista. -Web browser Microsoft Internet Explorer 8.0., Opera, Mozilla FireFox. The launch of the software product "Electronic TMC "Management"" is carried out by clicking the shortcut on the desktop. 4 Description of input and output information The input information of the considered software product is provided in the form of information entered from the keyboard or selected from the provided lists of alternatives. External input information is that which the user receives from the external environment; viewing source and other documents; a password entered to edit the contents of an electronic textbook, the name of a lecture or practical work. The source documents for input information are: -work program for the discipline; -lectures; practical work; annotation. When entering external information into tables, it becomes stored, that is, internal. Processing actions are performed on internal information. And then the stored information becomes the output. The output information is the resulting and stored information, which is displayed on demand in the form of output screen forms and reports. 5 User guide This program is launched by a shortcut on the desktop "UMK Management": Figure 3. Desktop shortcut After launch, the main program loading window is displayed: Figure 4. The main program download window When you click on this window, a menu for working with UMK "Management" is displayed: Figure 5. Menu for working with UMK After that, students can view information about the program (Fig. 6), open notes (Fig. 7, Fig. 8), or start testing (Fig. 9), which results in the assessment of the passed test and the test result. Figure 6. Information about the program Figure 7. Abstracts on the discipline "Management" Figure 8. Abstracts on the discipline "Management" Figure 9. Start testing For the teacher there is a special column, which is called “for the teacher”, in which he can edit tests and notes, as well as create new ones. Naturally, to enter the mode for the teacher, you need to enter the password "2011": CONCLUSION Upon completion of the undergraduate practice, the goal set at the beginning of the study was fully achieved, i.e., a software product was developed - an electronic educational and methodological complex in the discipline "Management", which is fully operational and can be implemented in the KemSPPC. The software product is intended for a teacher of the discipline management. The program is simple and easy to use. In the process of undergraduate practice, all tasks were completed: -studied subject area; guidelines have been drawn up; the logical structure of the program was developed; highlighted input and output data; a message system has been developed; In the process of pre-diploma practice, materials were collected on the topic of the graduation project. LITERATURE 1. Bazhenova I.Yu. Java programming language. M.: Nauka, - 1998. - 327 p. Gaevsky A.Yu. 100% Windows tutorial. All versions from 98 to XP. Installation, configuration and successful work.: Textbook. allowance - M.: TECHNOLOGY - 3000, 2003 - 400 p.: ill. GOST 2.105-95 " General requirements to text documents" 2005. - 36s. 4. Duvanov A.A. Web-construction: Elective course. St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2006. - 432 p. 5. Informatics / Ed. P.P. Belenky. - Rostov n / D .: Phoenix, 2003. - 448s. Leontiev V.P. The latest encyclopedia of the personal computer 2003. - 5th ed., revised. and additional - M.: OLMA-PRESS, 2003. - 416 pp.: ill. Maksimova A.P. Informatics: Proc. - pract. well. / A.P. Maksimova. -2nd ed. - Mn., 2005. -128s. Maksimova A.P. Applied Informatics: Study.-pract. course / A.P. Maksimov. - Minsk: TetraSystems. 2004. - 48s. Melnikov P.P. Technology for developing HTML documents. Moscow: Finance and statistics, 2005s - 111s 10. Mogilev A.V. etc. Workshop on Informatics: Textbook for students. higher textbook institutions / A.V. Mogilev, N.I. Pak, E.K. Henner; Ed. E.K. Henner. - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2001. - 608 p. Partyka T.L., Popov I.I. Operating Systems, Environments and Shells: Tutorial. - M.: FORUM: INFRA-M, 2004. 400s.: ill. Plotkin D. FrontPage 2002 / David Plotkin; per. from English. A.V. Burasova. - M.: AST: Astrel; 2006. - XVIII, 556 p.: ill. Popov V.B. Fundamentals of computer technology. - M.: Finance and statistics, 2002. - 704 p.: ill.causes the drawing to be inserted from the pict.gif file.
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