Test tasks for an introduction to the profession of a machine operator. Methodical development of a professional skill competition in the profession "universal turner" Olympiad tasks on the topic
Appendix No. 3
LLC UPF "PROFESSIONAL" Exam questions for turning business
What are production and technological processes. Components of the technical process and its role in production. From the proposed technical process, disassemble and explain one turning operation.
Classification of cutters by purpose, cutting part material and design. Explain the angles and elements of the turning cutter.
Methods of processing cylindrical parts, ends and ledges, cutting tools. Control methods, types of defects and their causes when processing cylindrical surfaces.
Grooving and parting off. Features of the geometry of cutting tools and grooving tools. Safety requirement when cutting off parts.
Types of chips, work hardening and its influence on the cutting process. Firmness of incisors and factors affecting its increase.
Safety rules for the processing of tapered, stepped and cylindrical surfaces of parts fixed in centers and chucks when threading with taps and dies manually.
Rules for setting the cutter and setting up the machine for cutting external triangular metric threads.
Purpose and arrangement of 3 and 4 cam and driver chucks, lunettes. Types of centers. Safety precautions when working with these devices.
Purpose and kinematic diagram of the feed box lathe(according to the scheme of the studied machine). What is called serving. #
Purpose and kinematic diagram of the speed box of the lathe (according to the scheme of the studied machine). Determination of cutting speed when turning.
Purpose and design of twist drills. The order of the five cutting modes when drilling. Causes of drill breakage.
Classification of threads. Thread elements. Purpose and design of taps, threading techniques, control methods, types of defects, reasons for their occurrence.
Purpose and design of the dies. Threading process, control methods, types of defects and reasons for their occurrence. Choice of hole diameters for tapping.
Purpose and design of countersinks. Cutting mode, size of allowances, achievable classes of cleanliness and accuracy.
Appendix No. 3
Appointment and device of the support, apron and tailstock of the lathe.
Purpose and design of reamers. Cutting conditions, size of allowances. Achievable classes of cleanliness and accuracy. Control methods, types of marriage and the reasons for their occurrence.
The main components of the lathe and their purpose. Machine maintenance rules, lubrication points and it. frequency, name of applied lubricants.
Methods for producing short and long tapered surfaces. Features of hole processing with a tapered reamer on a lathe. Control methods, types of marriage and the reasons for their occurrence.
Basic physical and mechanical properties metals.
How and what properties of metals are tested in laboratory conditions.
Basic technological properties of metals.
What is called cast iron, its varieties and basic properties.
What is called steel, methods of making steel.
Methods for obtaining blanks in our factory.
What steels are called carbonaceous. Basic properties and purpose of carbon steels (give examples).
What steel is called alloyed. Basic properties and purpose of alloy steels (give examples).
What chemical elements are used as alloying in the production of alloyed steels. Give examples of the influence of alloying elements on the quality of steels.
What are the properties and purpose of steels St 3, 45, U 7, U 8A, 37HNZA, R 9, G 13.
What is the composition and what metals are processed with hard alloys of the TK group (give examples).
What is the composition and what metals are processed with hard alloys of the VK group.
Give examples of grades of carbon, alloy steels and hard alloys from which cutting tools are made.
The main types of heat treatment and their brief description.
What alloy is called bronze. Basic properties of bronzes and their purpose. Determine the composition of bronzes of grades: BRAZHN 10-4-4, BROTS 10-2.
What alloy is called brass. The main properties of brass and their purpose. Determine the composition of brass grades: L 62, LAZHMts 70-6-3-4.
The main properties of plastics and their application. Advantages and disadvantages of plastics.
Types of corrosion. What methods of protecting metals from corrosion are used in mechanical engineering.
Appendix No. 3
Tell us about the purpose of drawings in technology, general requirements for the implementation, design and circulation of design documentation.
What is called scale. What scales are accepted at the plant and what are they called.
What are the basic principles of dimensioning the drawing?
Give the concept of the species. Basic types, additional, local - their definition and designation in the drawing.
What images of an object are called cuts, their classification and designation.
Sketch a part with a cut image.
What is the difference between section and cut.
Sketch the part with the designation of the taper, slope of the sides.
List the types of tolerance of the shape and location of surfaces, their designation in the drawing.
Sketch a part with a squareness tolerance symbol.
Sketch a part with a hole misalignment symbol.
Draw and explain how the allowable face runout is indicated in the drawings.
Surface roughness. As in the drawings, the roughness is indicated: -surface, which. formed by removing a layer of material (turning, milling, etc.), a surface that
The image of the thread in the drawings. Classification of threads, designation of external and internal threads in the drawings.
formed without removing a layer of material (casting, forging, rolling).
The image on the drawings of welding joints.
General information about gear drives. As shown in the drawings, a cogwheel.
The sequence of reading assembly drawings. "
What is the interchangeability of parts and how important it is in production. Complete and incomplete interchangeability.
What is called the nominal and actual dimensions, upper and lower deviation? Determination of the limiting dimensions.
What is called a tolerance and its significance in mechanical engineering? Graphic representation of the tolerance field.
What is called a gap. What are the largest and smallest clearances. What is called interference. What are the largest and smallest tightness.
What is called a landing. What groups are the plantings subdivided into?
The device and purpose of the caliper. Terms of use and measurement accuracy. Read the fixed size.
The device and purpose of the shtangenreismus. Terms of use and
Introduction. 2
1. The purpose of the part and technical requirements to her 3
1.1 Material characteristics 3
1.2 Selection of workpiece 3
2. Choice technological process 4
2.1 Technological bases 7
2.2 Equipment selection 8
2.3 Selecting the measuring tool 8
2.4 Choice of cutting tools 9
2.5 Selection of accessories 9
2.6 Calculation of cutting conditions 9
2.7 Types of possible marriage and ways to eliminate it 12
3. Organization of the workplace 13
References 14
Introduction.
The profession of a machine operator arose in the 17th and 18th centuries, since even then the turning business was understood very widely. It included, in addition to turning, also engraving, milling, planing. The turning masters of that time were, in fact, qualified engineers, well acquainted with the basics of mechanics, mathematics and other sciences. The profession of a general-purpose machine operator has arisen quite recently, and its appearance is natural, since such a worker with a wide range of work functions is needed literally everywhere: at a machine-building enterprise and in a subway depot, at a shipyard and in a workshop for the repair of agricultural machinery, in construction organization and in a factory producing consumer goods.
The main labor functions of a machine operator are a complex of labor functions for each profession separately: a turner, a milling machine operator, a driller, a grinder. The work performed by the machine operator is very diverse: cutting external and internal threads, processing shafts, bushings, inserts, cutting tools, various machine parts, etc.
The workplace of a general-purpose machine operator is a machine or a group of machines, permanent accessories to them, auxiliary tools and installation and fastening devices. The machine operator must be able to use a wide variety of cutting tools: cutters, drills, countersinks, reamers, cutters, dies, etc. The work of a machine operator is associated with the ability to read drawings, mentally imagine the course of a technological process, determine the sequence of processing, and choose a cutting tool. For the profession of a machine operator, such psychological qualities of a person are important as long-term memory, imaginative thinking, an eye, manual dexterity, a certain physical strength, and coordination of movements.
1.Purpose of the part and technical requirements for it
Shaft- a part of a machine or mechanism designed to transmit torque or torque along its center line. Most of the shafts are rotating (moving) parts of mechanisms; parts that are directly involved in the transmission of torque (gear wheels, pulleys, chain sprockets, etc.) are usually fixed on them. Shaft specifications... Accuracy of dimensions, accuracy of shape, accuracy of the relative position of surfaces, quality of the surface layer and hardness of the material, as well as ensuring the alignment of the working surfaces and the perpendicularity of the working ends to the base surfaces. The following requirements are imposed on materials: high strength, good machinability, low sensitivity to stress concentration, and increased wear resistance.
1.1 Material characteristics
This shaft is made of steel 45 (GOST 1050-88)
Steel 45 is a structural medium-carbon quality steel. Contains: 0.45% C (carbon), 0.5% Mn (manganese), 0.3% Si (silicon), 0.04% S (sulfur) and 0.035% P (phosphorus).
1.2 Selection of workpiece
Detail drawing
Based on the overall dimensions of the part (20na114mm) and the machining allowance, the size of the workpiece will have the following dimensions: D = 25mm, L = 125mm,
2. Choice of technological process
Technological process(abbreviated TP) is a part of the production process that contains actions to change and then determine the state of the object of production, i.e., change the size, shape, properties of materials, control and move the workpiece
Technological operation is called a complete part of the technological process, performed at one workplace.
Operation, in turn, is divided into elements, the number of which varies depending on the scope and methods of its implementation. The main elements of the operation are installation, technological transition, auxiliary transition, working stroke, auxiliary stroke, position.
By setting is called a part of a technological operation performed with constant fixation of the workpieces to be processed or the assembled assembly unit.
Technological transition is called the finished part of the technological operation, characterized by the constancy of the tool used and the surfaces formed by processing and connected during assembly.
When the cutting mode or cutting tool changes, the next transition begins.
Changing only one of the listed elements (work surface, tool or cutting mode) defines a new transition. The passage consists of working and auxiliary passages.
Under working stroke understand the finished part of the technological transition, consisting of a single movement of the tool relative to the workpiece, accompanied by a change in shape, size, surface roughness or properties of the workpiece.
Auxiliary move- the finished part of the technological transition, consisting of a single movement of the tool relative to the workpiece, not accompanied by a change in the shape, size, surface roughness or properties of the workpiece, but necessary to perform the working stroke.
Position is called each fixed position occupied by a permanently fixed workpiece or assembled assembly unit together with a device relative to a tool or a fixed part of equipment for performing a certain part of the operation.
Option 1
(1 question - 1 point)
A1. What is the depth of cut?
1) The thickness of the metal layer cut in one working stroke of the cutter;
2) Allowance, removed by the cutter in one or several passes;
3) A layer of metal removed from the workpiece with a cutter.
A2. The drill serves:
1) for finishing the hole;
2) to obtain a hole in a solid material;
3) for processing holes after casting and forging.
A3. Corresponds to the threading feed rate:
1) the pitch of the thread to be cut;
2) diameter for threading;
3) thread length;
A4. Specify the spindle speed formula:
1) 13 EMBED Microsoft Equation 3.0 1415 13 EMBED Microsoft Equation 3.0 1415; 2) 13 EMBED Microsoft Equation 3.0 1415; 3) 13 EMBED Microsoft Equation 3.0 1415.
A5. Indicate how the long workpiece is fixed on the lathe:
1) in a three-jaw chuck;
2) in a three-jaw chuck with rear center preload;
3) using a mandrel.
A6. The lathe support consists of:
1) Boxes of speeds, spindle, chuck;
2) Apron, slide, tool holder;
3) Housings, quills, plates.
A7. How to tell the difference between roughing and finishing taps in a set of two taps?
1) by the type of the tail;
2) by the slope of the chip groove;
3) by the type of cutting part.
A8. Determine how you can eliminate the runout of the drilled hole:
1) countersinking;
2) deployment;
3) boring.
A9. How is the die screwed on when threading?
1) by moving the tailstock of the caliper;
2) due to self-tightening of the die;
3) by moving the tailstock quill.
A10. What is meant by the main dimensions of the machine: 1) the diameter of the workpiece; 2) overall dimensions of the machine; 3) the height of the centers and the distance between the centers; A11. In what cases is countersinking used:
processing up to 3 grade of roughness;
2) to obtain holes with an accuracy of 0.05 mm and a cleanliness of processing up to the 5th class of roughness;
3) to obtain holes with an accuracy of 0.01 mm and a cleanliness of processing up to grade 8 roughness;
A12. What precision and surface roughness can be obtained by drilling? 1) 5 class of accuracy, 3 roughness; 2) 3 class of accuracy, 5 roughness; 3) 4 class of accuracy, 2 roughness.
A13. Machine reamers are subdivided into:
1) wedge, keyway, vortex;
2) tail, mounted, with plug-in knives, adjustable;
3) tape, auger, rifle.
A14. Indicate among the listed the threads indicated on the drawing "М10Ч1,5":
1) multi-start thread with a diameter of 10 mm and a thread lead of 1.5;
2) metric thread with a diameter of 10 mm and a fine pitch of 1.5 mm;
3) metric thread with a diameter of 10 mm and a large pitch of 1.5 mm;
A15. Select a fine pitch thread designator if the threads are cut on the bolt:
1) M16-6g
2) М20х1.5-7Н
3) M18x1.5-8g
IN 1. Write the name and purpose of the cutter elements:
IN 2. Write the name of the units and elements of the machine and their purpose
Part C. Solve the problem (1 question - 3 points)
C1. Determine the depth of cut when machining a part if the workpiece diameter is 54 mm and the workpiece diameter is 46 mm. Processing is carried out in 2 working strokes.
C2. Determine the cutting speed and feed, if the diameter of the workpiece to be machined is 80 mm, the spindle speed is 500 rpm, in 2 minutes the cutter travels a distance of 200 mm. Processing is carried out in two working strokes.
PM04 "Performing work by profession turner"
MDK 04.01 Turning and equipment adjustment
Standards for answers
Test work "Types of turning work"
Option 1
Part A
1
1
9
2
2
2
10
3
3
1
11
2
4
3
12
1
5
2
13
2
6
2
14
2
7
3
15
3
Part B
B1 1-main cutting edge
2- top
3- auxiliary cutting edge
4- holder
5- main back surface
6- auxiliary rear surface
7-front surface
8- cutting head
B2 1- headstock
2- guitar
3- feed box
4- bed
5- support
6 - sleds
7- tailstock
8 - electrical cabinet
C1 13 EMBED Microsoft Equation 3.0 1415mm 13 EMBED Microsoft Equation 3.0 1415mm.
С2 13 EMBED Microsoft Equation 3.0 1415 mm / rev 13 EMBED Microsoft Equation 3.0 1415 mm / rev.
13 EMBED Microsoft Equation 3.0 1415m / min 13 EMBED Microsoft Equation 3.0 1415m / min.
Points
Grade
PM04 "Performing work by profession turner"
MDK 04.01 Turning and equipment adjustment
Examination work No. 4 "Types of turning work"
Option 2
Part A. For each task of Part A, answers are given, of which one is correct
(1 question - 1 point)
A1. The feed box serves:
1) To regulate the rotation speed of the workpiece;
2) To regulate the speed of movement of tools;
3) To regulate the speed of rotation of the instruments.
A2. The headstock houses:
1) quill;
2) an apron;
3) gearbox.
A3. Cutting modes include:
1) depth of cut, feed, speed;
2) allowance, feed, spindle speed;
3) cutting depth, cutting force, cutting power.
A4. What types of chips are formed during cutting:
1) chipping, breaking, draining;
2) smooth tape, stepped;
3) shaped, drain, fracture.
A5. Specify the formula for the cutting speed:
1) 13 EMBED Equation. 3 141513 EMBED Equation. 3 1415; 2) 13 EMBED Equation. 3 1415; 3) 13 EMBED Equation. 3 1415.
A6. Specify the main cutting motion:
1) Moving the tool fixed in the tool holder;
2) Moving the tool fixed in the tailstock;
3) Rotary movement of the workpiece.
A7. How are taper shank drills attached? 1) in a special mandrel using cams; 2) in the tailstock quill using a drill chuck; 3) in the tailstock quill;
A8. What parts does the tap consist of?
1) cutting part, shank, gauging part;
2) cutting part, calibrating part, neck, shank;
3) guide cone, cutting part, gauging part, reverse
cone, neck, shank.
A9. The main cutting edge is formed by the intersection:
1) Front and auxiliary back surface;
2) The main back surface and the auxiliary back surface;
3) Front and main back surfaces.
A10. What are the parameters of the thread?
1) outer diameter, inner diameter, average diameter, pitch, profile angle;
2) workpiece diameter, part diameter, thread length, number of thread starts;
3) outside diameter, inside diameter, lead angle, main thread angle.
A11. In what cases is drilling used:
1) to obtain holes with an accuracy of 0.1 - 0.2 mm and cleanliness
up to 3 grade of roughness;
2) to obtain holes with an accuracy of 0.05 mm and a cleanliness of up to the 5th class of roughness;
3) to obtain holes with an accuracy of 0.01 mm and a cleanliness of up to grade 8 roughness;
A12. What surface finish is achieved when finishing
boring?
1) Ra 12.5-25 microns;
2) Ra 6.3-12.5 microns;
3) Ra 1.6-3.2 μm;
A13. What is the advantage of countersinking over boring:
1) higher productivity;
2) eliminates runout of the drilled hole;
3) allows you to get a higher surface finish.
A14. Indicate among the listed threads indicated on the drawing "M10":
1) multi-start thread with a diameter of 10 mm;
2) metric thread with a diameter of 10 mm;
3) modular thread with a diameter of 10 mm.
A15. Select a thread designation with a fine pitch if the thread is cut in a nut:
1) M12-6g
2) М16х1.5-7Н
3) M14x0.5-8g
Part B. Answer the questions (1 question - 2 points)
IN 1. Write the name and purpose of the incisors:
IN 2. Write the names of drill elements
Part C. Solve the problems (1 question - 3 points)
C1. Determine the feed if, when machining a workpiece with a spindle speed of 800 rpm, the tool takes 2 minutes. travels a distance of 400 mm.
C2. Determine the depth of cut and the spindle speed if the workpiece diameter is 25 mm, the part diameter is 20 mm, and the cutting speed is 80 m / min. Processing is carried out in one working stroke.
PM04 "Performing work by profession turner"
MDK 04.01 Turning and equipment adjustment
Standards for answers
Examination work No. 4 "Types of turning work"
Option 2
Part A
1
2
9
3
2
3
10
1
3
1
11
1
4
1
12
3
5
2
13
1
6
3
14
2
7
3
15
2
Part B
В1 1-groove boring
2- boring for through holes
3-way thrust
4-way bent
5-groove
6- threaded
7-undercut
IN 2
1 - working part
2 - foot
3 - neck
4 - cutting part
5 - shank
6 - back surface
7 - apex angle
8 - front surface
9 - ribbon
10 - the angle of inclination of the helical groove
11 - angle of inclination of the lintel
12 - jumper
13 - groove
14 - cutting edges
C1 13 EMBED Equation.3 1415 mm / rev 13 EMBED Equation.3 1415 mm / rev.
C2 13 EMBED Equation. 3 1415mm 13 QUOTE 1415mm
13 EMBED Equation.3 1415 rpm 13 EMBED Equation.3 1415 rpm
Points
Grade
Root EntryEquation Native
Attached files
Extracurricular independent work of students is the planned educational, educational and research, research work of students, performed during extracurricular time on the assignment and with the methodological guidance of the teacher, but without his direct participation. independent work students is mastering fundamental knowledge, professional skills and skills of activity in the profile, experience of creative, research activities. Independent work of students contributes to the development of independence, responsibility and organization, creative approach to solving problems of educational and professional level.
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"SARATOV POLYTECHNICUM"
MANAGEMENT
FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF EXTRA-AUDIT
INDEPENDENT WORK OF STUDENTS
by profession: 01/15/25. machine operator (metalworking)
professional module PM.01. Programmed control of metal-cutting machines
Saratov, 2014
Organization-developer: GAPOU SO "Saratov Polytechnic"
Developers:
Krasilnikov Vladimir Viktorovich - teacher of the first qualification category _____________
Reviewers:
Sultanova M.K., Deputy Director for SD ______________
Mikhailova I.E. Methodist_________________
The program was considered at a meeting of the MC of machine-building professions. Minutes No. 1 dated August 26, 2014
Chairman of MK machine-building professions
Krasilnikov V.V. ________________
Introduction | ||
Types and forms of extracurricular independent work of students in PM | ||
Distribution of hours for the implementation of extracurricular independent work of students by sections and topics | ||
HRV schedule | ||
General rules (approaches) when organizing and conducting independent work of students | ||
Types of extracurricular independent work of students and guidelines on their implementation | ||
Motivation of students for extracurricular independent work | ||
Applications |
- Types and forms of extracurricular independent work of students.
- Systematic study of abstracts of classes, educational and special literature.
- Independent study of the material and note taking of lectures on educational and special literature.
- Writing and defending a report; preparation for a message or conversation in a lesson on a topic set by the teacher (taking into account the use of Internet resources).
- Execution of abstracts, reports, messages, presentations, projects, test tasks.
- Preparing for control works, differentiated credit.
2. Distribution of hours for the implementation of extracurricular independent work of students
Table 1
Section name, topic | Hours per HRV |
Topic 1.1 Programmed machines | |
Topic 1.2. Control of programmable machine tools | |
Topic 1.3. Preparation of control programs | |
Topic 1.4. Operation and maintenance of machine tools with programmed control | |
Topic 1.5. Technological equipment of machine tools with programmed control | |
Total |
- Planning extracurricular independent work
Forms of independent extracurricular work, the proposed tasks should be differentiated, take into account the specifics of the discipline being studied, the individual characteristics of students, and the profession.
table 2
Approximate norms of time allotted for performing extracurricular independent work
P / p No. | Types of assignments for independent work | Reporting material | Time to get ready | Portfolio flag |
Planning text up to 20 pages | Plan | minutes | ||
Design with comments (text analysis) | Abstract | 1 hour | ||
Performance creative homework | Creative exercise | 2 hours | ||
Analysis of cases | Registration Problems | 2 hours | ||
Individual independent work in the form fulfillment exercise, solving situations, tasks | Exercises, solving problems, situations | 1 hour | ||
Writing abstract, preparation presentations | Abstract, presentation | 6 o'clock | ||
Carrying out mini- research | Report on mini research | 8 ocloc'k | ||
Development and holding projects | Project | 8 ocloc'k |
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION OF THE SARATOV REGION
STATE AUTONOMOUS PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF THE SARATOV REGION
"SARATOV POLYTECHNICUM"
PLAN-SCHEDULE FOR EXECUTION OF THE AUDIT INDEPENDENT WORK ON
MDK. 01.01. Metalworking technology on metal-cutting machine tools with programmed control.
Table 3
Topic (question) name | Exercise | Form of presentation of completed work | form of control | Period of execution | Labor intensity in hours |
|
Topic: "Precision CNC Lathes" | Seminar | January | ||||
Topic: "Mechatronic units - modules of machine tools" | Compose and prepare a report on the proposed topics. | On A4 format in printed form. And in the form of posting. | Seminar | January | ||
Presentation on the topic:"Conditional alarm at the operator's workplace" | Protecting your presentation | Round table | January | |||
Calculating the Cutter Position Offset Amount. | Make abstracts on the proposed topic from a literary source | Training session | February | |||
"Clamping the workpiece using the six-point rule" | Make a synopsis | Training session | February | |||
Abstract on the topic: Drawing up a technological process of turning a part | Prepare an abstract on the proposed topic | On A4 format in printed form. | Professional week | February | ||
"Spindle units for high-precision machine tools" | Make test assignments on the proposed topic | On A4 format in printed form. | Training session (consolidation of the material) | February | ||
Conditional signaling at the operator's workplace | Make a table | Printing in A4 format | Practical lesson | February | ||
Presentation on the topic:technological process of milling a part | Make a Power Point presentation. | Protecting your presentation | Round table | February | ||
Report on the topic: criteria for assessing the quality of a turned surface | Practical lesson | March | ||||
Report on the topic: criteria for assessing the quality of a milled surface | Selection of additional material, issue a report | V printed form on A4 format | Practical lesson | April | ||
Total: |
- General rules (approaches) for organizing and conducting independent work of students
Extracurricular independent work of students in this manual is considered as a means of organizing and performing certain activities in accordance with the set goal.
The main goals of the extracurricular work of students:
- mastering knowledge, skills and professional and general competences based on them;
- formation of readiness for self-education, independence and responsibility;
- development of a creative approach to solving problems of educational and professional level.
Are common guidelines HRV guides for the teacher:
- Clearly set the task of the upcoming independent work.
- Ensure that students do independent work consciously, i.e. clearly imagined theoretical basis actions to be performed.
- Timely warn students about typical mistakes and possible ways avoiding them.
- Provide assistance to students without interfering with their work unnecessarily.
- When students make mistakes, bring them to the realization and understanding of the essence and causes of mistakes, so that they independently find a way to prevent and eliminate them.
- To practice intermediate control of the progress and results of students' independent work.
- Rationally distribute the tasks of independent work according to the complexity, taking into account individual characteristics and the abilities of the learners.
- Stimulate and encourage students to be creative in completing assignments.
- Skillfully combine individual and teamwork students.
- When assessing the progress and results of independent work, students proceed from the positive aspects of their work.
- Constantly practice, in the course of independent work, the appeal of students to different sources of information.
Organization and management of extracurricular independent work of students
Extracurricular independent work is a separate genre of the educational process and is based on a certain technological
cycle, assuming the following sequence of stages:
1. Planning.
2. Selection of material to be submitted for independent work.
3. Methodical and logistical support
independent work.
4. Continuous monitoring and evaluation of independent work.
Table 4
extracurricular independent work
Activity characteristics | Teacher | Learner |
HRV goal | Explains, gives instructions on the goals and methods of work | Realizes and accepts the goal, gets acquainted with the requirements |
Motivation | Reveals the theoretical and practical significance of the work, motivates the student for success | Awareness of the need for fulfillment, mindset for implementation |
Control | Carries out a targeted impact, gives general guidelines for the performance of work | Carries out management (designs, plans, allocates time, etc.) |
Control | Preliminary midterm and final control | Operational monitoring and correction of methods of activity and results |
Grade | General assessment of work, indication of errors, recommendations | Self-esteem, self-correction |
6. Types of extracurricular independent work of students and methodological recommendations for their implementation
The teacher independently selects the types of independent work in accordance with the specifics of the discipline or professional module, develops his own assessment criteria.
The types of HRV include the following types of extracurricular work of students:
- Systematic study of abstracts of classes, educational and special technical literature.
- Independent study of the material and note taking of lectures on educational and special technical literature.
- Writing and defending an abstract, report; preparation for a message or conversation in a lesson on a topic set by the teacher (taking into account the use of Internet resources).
- Drawing up test items on a given topic.
- Recording statements or quotes
- Drawing up the theses of a literary source
- Writing an annotation, review of an article, manuscript, book
- Execution of design assignments.
- Working with reference literature.
- Execution of a project or research.
- Preparation of reports on laboratory and practical work, and preparation for their protection.
- Preparation for tests, examinations.
1. Writing an abstract, report, message.
abstract - a summary in writing or in the form of a public report of the content of scientific work (works), literature on the topic. This is an independent research work of a student, where you reveal the essence of the problem under study, bring different points of view, your own views on it. The content of the abstract should be logical, the presentation of the material is problem-specific.
The difference between a report and an abstractin that it reflects one point of view on the problem, does not imply its study in comparison and analysis.
- Formulate the topic of the work, and it should be not only relevant in its meaning, but original, interesting in content. The topic is usually determined by the teacher, but you can take the initiative in defining a specific topic.
- Select and study the main sources on the topic (as a rule, at least 8-10 different sources are used when developing an abstract or report). You can take the necessary literature in the library of the lyceum or in any other library, and it is also desirable to use the Internet resources.
- Compile a bibliography.
- Process and organize the selected information on the topic.
- Develop an outline of the abstract or report based on the information available.
- Write an abstract or report on a computer.
- Prepare a public presentation based on the materials of the abstract or report.
Plan - this is the "skeleton" of the text, compactly reflecting the sequence of presentation of the material.
- When making a plan for reading the text, first of all try to define the boundaries of thoughts. Mark these passages in the book at once. Give the necessary passages headings, formulating the corresponding paragraph of the plan. Then look over what you read again to make sure that the "turn" of the content is set correctly, clarify the wording.
- Strive for the headings-points of the plan to fully reveal the thoughts of the author. Reading the text sequentially, draw up a rough draft of the plan with the necessary detail for it.
- Make notes so that it can be easily captured at a glance.
Evaluation criteria for an abstract, report, message
- Relevance of the research topic
- Content relevance to topic
- Depth of study of the material
- Correctness and completeness of the use of sources
- Compliance with the design of the abstract or report to the requirements
2. Drawing up test items on a given topic
Before proceeding with the preparation of the test, it is necessary to limit the area of knowledge (topic, section, discipline), based on the materials of which it will be compiled, to highlight the most significant questions teaching material, break down each question into concepts to be learned.
Basic requirements for tests.
The most important criteria for tests are: efficiency, certainty, simplicity, unambiguity.
Efficacy the test is a clear and clear statement of the question within the limits of the acquired knowledge.
Certainty test means that by reading it you have a good understanding of what activity you have to perform, what knowledge to demonstrate and to what extent.
Simplicity test means the presence in it of a clear and direct formulation of the task for the activity. Use in assignments such formulations as "specify", "list", "formulate", etc.
Unambiguity The test assumes that there is only one correct answer.
But you must know that there are different levels(types of) tests. Before composing your test, define its type, because the technique of constructing the test depends on it.
In the technique of constructing tests, the following levels can be distinguished:
Level I - tests requiring the performance of recognition activities, when only the indication of phenomena comes to the fore. At this level, hints in the form of answers are used and the tester just needs to answer "yes" or "no".
For example: A keyboard is a peripheral device. Well no.
II level - tests that allow you to reproduce the correct answers from memory, without the help of prompts. The simplest tests of this kind are substitution tests, in which a word, phrase, terms, concepts, etc. are intentionally omitted.
For example: The left panel of the computer keyboard includes ...
III level - special tasks are being developed that require the implementation of multi-stage activities when there is no ready-made algorithms and the decision leads to new information.
Test tasks in one test can be either of the same level (type), or a combination of different levels (types).
When registering tests, indicate the name of the topic and discipline for which they are compiled.
For example: Tests on the topic "System unit and its components" academic discipline"Fundamentals of Information Technology".
- As a rule, test items are located on the left side of the sheet, one below the other. Opposite each task, on the right side of the sheet, answer options are given. A different arrangement of tasks and answers is possible: tasks are arranged in a line, and the answer options are under a row in a column.
- An obligatory element of the test is a sheet of correct answers, which is attached to the test. The list of correct answers indicates the number of the task and the numerical, alphabetic, verbal designation of the correct answer. For example: 1. - a; 2. - in; 3. - b, etc.
- Particular attention should be paid to the correct spelling of test items, to the correct use of professional vocabulary. To a large extent, the opinion of you as a student is made up of the impression of appearance presented work. Therefore, the test must be performed accurately, without corrections, and must have an aesthetic appearance.
3. Drawing up the theses of a literary source
Abstracts allow to summarize the studied material, to express its essence in short formulations, helping to reveal the content of the book, article and report. Unlike quotations, abstracts are a summary of the main ideas of a report or abstract, written directly from the text.
- When writing your abstract, do not give facts and examples. Keep the original form of the statement in the theses so as not to lose documentary and persuasiveness.
- Read the studied text repeatedly, breaking it into passages, in each of which highlight the main thing, and formulate theses on the basis of the main one.
- It is useful to link individual theses with the original text (make links to the pages of the book).
- At the end of the work on the thesis, check them against the text of the source.
4. Summary of material on the topic
Abstract - this is a sequential fixation of information selected and considered in the process of reading.
- Read the text, read the preface, introduction, table of contents, chapters and paragraphs, highlight informationally significant places in the text.
- Make a bibliographic description of the material outlined.
- Highlight the theses and write them down with subsequent argumentation, backing up with examples and specific facts.
- Make a plan for the text - it will help you in the logic of presentation, to group the material.
- List each question in the plan. Use an abstract way of presentation (for example: "The author considers ...", "reveals ...", etc.).
- Format the author's text as a quote.
- In conclusion, summarize the text of the synopsis, highlight the main content of the worked out material, give it an assessment.
Fill out your notes: highlight the most important places in different colors so that they are easy to see. Avoid variegation.
Abstract - scheme is a schematic record of the material read.
- Select the facts for drawing up a diagram and highlight among them the main, general concepts.
- Define keywords, phrases that help to reveal the essence of the basic concept.
- Group the facts in a logical sequence, name the highlighted items.
- Fill in the schema with data.
Example outline - schematics:
5. Execution of a project or research
Working on a project or research raises the level of students' self-esteem, as already formed specialists, group performance of tasks develops communicative competence, everyone is given the opportunity to contribute to the developed project (research).
Educational projects (research) - independently developed design solutions or conducted research aimed at solving significant practice-oriented problems, having subjective or objective novelty and carried out under the supervision and consultation of a teacher.
The main stages of work on the project:
1 Development of a project assignment or assignment for research
At this stage, the topic of the project is selected, goals are set, and fundamental and problematic issues are identified.
2. Development of the project
The stage of project implementation in accordance with the collective and individual tasks assigned to the group members. Part of the group collects all the necessary information, the other part does the practical part of the work (calculations, then the whole group analyzes, draws certain conclusions and prepares a presentation of the project).
3. Presentation of results
At this stage, in the process of group discussion, students choose an acceptable and adequate form of presentation of the results of the work performed, which should reflect well the fulfillment of the assigned tasks.
4. Presentation
At the presentation stage, all groups demonstrate the results of their work. The main criteria for the success of the project are the following:
In-depth study of the content of the problematic issue;
The accuracy and correctness of the calculations made;
The activity of each participant in the implementation of the project;
Convincing justification of the conclusions made;
Ability to answer audience questions and defend your project.
5. Self-assessment
The final stage of work on the project takes place in the form of an open exchange of views. Evaluation is based on the criteria for the success of the project.
The research work should be built not arbitrarily, but according to a certain structure, which is generally accepted for scientific works. The main elements of this structure, in the order of their arrangement, are:title page, table of contents, introduction, main part, conclusion, bibliography, appendix
Rules for the design of projects, studies
the points of work are given with the indication of pages. 3. The introduction briefly substantiates the relevance of the chosen topic, the purpose and the content of the tasks set, the object and subject of research is formulated, the chosen method (or methods) of research is indicated, a description of the work is given - whether it relates to theoretical research or to applied, it is reported what is the significance or applied value of the results obtained, a description of the sources for writing is given work and short review available literature on this topic. The volume of the introduction should be two to three pages of text.
(bibliographic list). The text of the work should contain references to a particular scientific source (the reference number corresponds to the ordinal number of the source in the list of references).
|
7. Motivation of students for extracurricular independent work
Effective extracurricular independent work of students is possible only if there is serious and stable motivation.
Factors contributing to the activation of independent work
students:
1. Awareness of the usefulness of the work performed.
If the student knows that the results of his work will be used, for example, when preparing a publication or in another way, then the attitude towards the task is significantly changed, the quality of the work performed increases. Another option for using the utility factor is the active use of the results of work in professional training.
2. Creative orientation of students' activities.
Participation in research, project work in the lyceum for a number of students is a significant incentive for active extracurricular work.
3. Participation in scientific and practical conferences, competitions and olympiads of professional skills in academic disciplines.
4. Use of motivating factors of knowledge control (cumulative assessments, rating).
5. Differentiation of tasks for extracurricular independent work, taking into account interests, the level of training of students in the discipline.
To develop a positive attitude of students towards extracurricular
independent work, at each stage it is necessary to explain the goals, tasks of its implementation, control their understanding by students, acquaint students with algorithms, requirements for performing certain types of tasks, carry out individual work, aimed at developing students' skills for self-organization of cognitive activity.
ANNEX 1.
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION OF THE SARATOV REGION
STATE AUTONOMOUS PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF THE SARATOV REGION
"SARATOV POLYTECHNICUM"
External storage devices
report (informational message)
by MDK. 01.01. Metalworking technology on metal-cutting machine tools with programmed control.
(The name of the work without the word "topic" and without quotes. Below, under the title, the type of work is indicated and subject(/ report on UD / MDK ... /).
Saratov, 2014
APPENDIX No. 2
TEST PROBLEMS
Home> Competition
Questions to prepareto the competition of professional skills (milling machine operator).
The concept of interchangeability.
Measuring.
Caliber control
Metal properties
Chemical heat treatment of steel. Appointment, types
Cutter geometry
Cutting data for milling
Down-path milling.
Milling flat surfaces (cutting tools, defects)
Milling grooves and grooves.
Cutting off on a milling machine.
Dividing heads. Polygon milling
Safety precautions when working on a milling machine.
Appendix No. 7
Questions to prepareto the competition of professional skills (turner).
Landing. Landings in the hole and shaft system, quality
Deviations of the shape of cylindrical surfaces
Surface location deviations
Designation in the drawings of the tolerances of the shape and the relative position of surfaces.
Surface roughness. Surface roughness in drawings
The concept of interchangeability.
Measuring.
Caliber control
Controls for angles, conical connections.
Thread inspection tools, methods
Metal properties
Iron alloys with carbon. Steel, cast iron. Classification, marking.
Heat treatment of steel, defects, types.
Chemical heat treatment of steel. Appointment, types
Non-ferrous metals and alloys (uni lat, bronze), marking.
Tool materials (tool steels, carbide alloys and cutting ceramics, - marking)
Phenomena accompanying the metal cutting process (types of shavings, work hardening, build-up)
Turning tool geometry
Cutting conditions for turning
Processing of cylindrical holes (drilling, boring, countersinking, reaming). Types of marriage. Causes.
Limit sizes, limit deviations
Thread cutting (external, internal). Elements, designations.
Conical surface treatment (methods).
Safety precautions when working on lathe and sharpening machines
Appendix No. 8
SCROLL
topics on theoretical issues to the city competition
professional skills among electric welders
of the city of Almetyevsk in 2011.
Classification of the main welding methods.
Requirements for power sources of the welding arc.
Welding converters.
Welding transformers.
Welding rectifiers.
Maintenance of welding equipment.
Metallurgical processes in welding.
Metallurgy of manual electric arc welding.
Arc welding electrodes.
Classification of electrodes.
Assembly of a welded joint.
Suture technique.
Welding strains and stresses.
Defects welds... Their classification.
Control methods.
Safety requirements.
Electrical safety.
Fire safety.
Bibliography.
Fominykh V.P., Yakovlev A.L. "Electric welding": Textbook for vocational schools. - M .: " graduate School", 1973.
Levadny B.C., Burlaka A.P. "Welding works": - M., LLC "Adelant"; 2002.
Kolganov L.A. “Welding works. Welding, cutting, soldering, surfacing ", Tutorial... - M .: Publishing and Trade Corporation "Dashkov and Co", 2003.
Appendix No. 9
CONDITIONS
holding citycompetitionprof. skill"Best in Profession"among electric welders
Date: March 26, 2011 Venue: base of LEU "CPK-OAO TATNEFT" The competition consists of 2 parts: practical and theoretical. 1. Practical part: consists of welding a fixed joint of a pipe coil, diameter 1589 x 6.0 mm from carbon steel of grade 10.20. A joint is provided for the competition, assembled for 3 tacks. The evaluation of the results of the practical part of the competition includes the amount of points for the following indicators:coil build quality: 10 points
time welding speed:
In the absence of defects 10 points Upon detection of one permissible defect minus 1 point. If one unacceptable defect is found, he is eliminated from the competition for the prize. 1.4 preparation of the workplace: 4 points For each violation minus 0.5 point 2. Theoretical part reveals knowledge of the rules for the production of welding and installation works during the construction of pipelines, the device and principle of operation of welding units, requirements for welding consumables(electrodes), their marking, existing methods of quality control of welding joints. The ticket for testing theoretical knowledge contains 20 questions. Evaluated:
answer to 20 questions: 10 points
each wrong answer: minus 0.5 point
The supply of electrodes is centralized. * Coil length = 125 mm; Wall thickness S; S1 = 6.0 mm (no grooves);
Coil diameter = 159 mm L = 1.5 + 0.5 C = 1.0 + 0.5 Mate at ∟ 30 ° ± 3 °. Tack on 3 sides with tacks 30-40 mm long * Use of scientific and technical development that increases the safety of the welder and his labor productivity + 1 point (bonus).
For violation of safety rules during welding, penalty points are recorded: minus 0.5 for each violation.
Based on the results of the competition, the commission determines the 1st, 2nd, 3rd places.
The corresponding prizes are awarded.
The participant must haveyourself:
qualification certificate, safety certificate;
standard set;
2 stuck pipe coils;
| № cabins | Compliance with safety precautions | Number of points | ||||||||
| violations | 8 (highlight) | |||||||||
| violations | 8 (highlight) | |||||||||
| violations | 8 (highlight) | |||||||||
| violations | 8 (highlight) | |||||||||
| violations | 8 (highlight) | |||||||||
| violations | 8 (highlight) | |||||||||
| violations | 8 (highlight) | |||||||||
| violations | 8 (highlight) | |||||||||
| violations | 8 (highlight) | |||||||||
| violations | 8 (highlight) | |||||||||
| violations | 8 (highlight) | |||||||||
| violations | 8 (highlight) | |||||||||
| violations | 8 (highlight) | |||||||||
The term of validity of the TB certificate has expired.
The presence of flammable substances in the cab.
Lack of standard kit.
Damage to the cable insulation.
The rheostat must be factory-made or formulated with a rationalization proposal.
QUALITY OF JOINT ASSEMBLY
| Cabin number | Checking the preparation of the butt for welding (VIC) | Number of points |
||
Requirements
to the assembly of the butt weld
| Location of tacks | ||
| Tack size (length) | ||
| Offset edges | ||
| Mismatch of longitudinal seams Public report11.6. Intra-university support policy scientific activities scientists, young professionals and students, the activities of the SSS them. I.S. Novitsky, activities of the Council of Young Scientists 227 Adopt the annual report of the mayor on the results of his activities and the activities of the mayor's office of the city district of Togliatti for 2010 with the assessment "satisfactory" (Appendix No. 1). Mark the list of unresolved problems and propose to the mayorDocumentAfter hearing and discussing the mayor's annual report on the results of his activities and the activities of the Mayor's Office of the Togliatti city district for 2010, including on the resolution of issues raised by the Duma, guided by Federal law from 06. Information bulletin of local self-government Published by ASDG on s okmo since February 2008 02 March 2010News bulletinBy decree, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev has transformed the management of his administration to work with citizens' appeals, the Kremlin press service said. Now it will be able to consider the applications of various organizations and force the municipalities |
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