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How much does the uzv system cost for sturgeons? The right choice of feed

And again about import substitution. Western politicians, apparently, did not even suspect what an invaluable service they would render by introducing their sanctions against Russia to literally all industries and production of the country. It’s hard, I don’t argue. But a lot of domestic entrepreneurs are now talking about their desire for these sanctions to last for some time, because at last domestic products, which were previously supplanted by imported goods, have become in demand, many farms that were thinking about bankruptcy a year ago have perked up their spirits. Trades that used to be traditional for the country began to revive: sturgeon farming, trade in furs, jewelry, grain, and timber. So, while all the sanctions imposed hit not only Russia, but also the European countries themselves.

Breeding guppy fish in a home aquarium for sale is certainly a good business. What can you say about a more serious business that generates income hundreds, thousands of times more? Breeding sturgeon, or as they are also called "royal fish" - a world-renowned delicacy (both meat and the most valuable product - black caviar), is a long-term project. So, those aspiring entrepreneurs who, after reading the article, “catch fire” with an idea, should be patient.

Business brief analysis:
Business setup costs:2,000,000 - 3,000,000 rubles
Relevant for cities with population: no limits
Industry situation:the supply market is not saturated
The complexity of organizing a business: 4/5
Payback: from 3 years

A quite natural question arises: what will fish farms live on for 6-8 years, until the first caviar appears? This is how long it takes for sturgeons to start spawning in the conditions of the installation closed water supply- RAS (what it is, I will tell you below). Under natural conditions, this period is several years longer. True, there is a kind of Ob sturgeon, which begins to spawn faster - after 3-4 years.

But even this period is very big for the fish industry, which every day needs to spend decent sums on fish feed, provision of facilities, and other needs. Therefore, enterprises engaged in sturgeon breeding make a profit on the sale of fish meat, and products and semi-finished products obtained from them. For example, the products of a fish sturgeon farm may look like this:

Live fish. Now a kilogram of sturgeon is sold in stores at prices ranging from 700 to 1300 rubles.
Smoked fish. Requires own production for smoking. A kilogram of products is sold at a price of 1900 to 2500 rubles.
Canned sturgeon. It also requires the organization of its own cannery. The price is different.
Soup sets. They include the heads, tails, and other parts of fish left after processing them for the needs of other production. Price from 350 to 450 rubles per kilogram.
Sturgeon glue. This product is used in painting, restoration work, jewelry, and modeling. The price is different.
Viziga. This is the name of the cartilaginous backbone of sturgeon, which is used in baking pies, kulebyak, and other primordially Russian products.
Liver. This is also a delicacy, which is served to customers in restaurants for "crazy" money.
Semi-finished products, for example, sturgeon cutlets, made mainly from waste obtained from other industries.

As you can see, the list of products is very impressive, but the long-term perspective is still aimed at obtaining black caviar, the cost of which can go up to $ 1,500 per 1 kilogram (the price depends on the size of the eggs and some other criteria).

Many of my colleagues, describing various business ideas, write that it is possible to breed sturgeon at home. I disagree with them. Apparently, they have never seen with their own eyes what they are writing about, in this case - sturgeon breeding farms. First, you need to immediately clarify that we are not talking about an apartment in apartment building... How do you imagine a RAS installed in an apartment?

V own home v countryside sturgeon breeding is in principle possible, but it requires a solid land plot for the construction of the main premises for keeping fish, auxiliary - storage facilities, etc., plus to this - production area if you start making products that I have overpowered above. You will not last long on the sale of just one live fish. Setting up a breeding business requires building a small mini farm that can grow into a large fish farm over time.

Sturgeon varieties

First of all, you need to remember that sturgeon is listed in the Red Book, and its catch in natural reservoirs is prohibited. It was this scarcity, coupled with the taste of sturgeon, that made his sturgeon breeding business such a lucrative business.

The fastest growing and fastest maturing sturgeon species are used for breeding:

Siberian sturgeon
Amur sturgeon
White sturgeon
Sterlet
Bester (hybrid of beluga and sterlet)

Beluga, stellate sturgeon, thorn, Russian sturgeon are also raised in fish farms, but in smaller quantities due to a longer growth time. For example, the first "portion" of beluga caviar can be obtained only after 17-18 years, and although market price 1 kg of beluga caviar is off scale for 10 thousand dollars, because of the time spent on breeding it, very few are taken.

What is RAS

The closed water supply device is intended for sturgeon breeding in "artificial" conditions. It consists of:

From several pools that have a round or rectangular shape. Usually, two types of pools are used - portable (made of polypropylene, metal with an enamelled inner side, or collapsible, with a frame; and, stationary - concrete, or tiled with ceramic tiles. The cheapest round pools made of polypropylene with a depth of up to 1.5 meters, a diameter - up to 2.5-3 meters. They are most often used in fish farms. By the way, such pools are ideal for breeding crayfish at home.

Oxygen generator.
3 types of filters for water purification - drum type mechanical action, coal, and biological.
Pumps for water circulation.
Ozonizers and flotators for water purification
Oxygen pressure gauge
Air compressor
UV lamp for disinfection process
Devices for heating or cooling water
And, pipe systems

More details can be seen in this photo.

The entire water supply system is flowing. After the purification and oxygen enrichment process, the water is supplied to the pools in thin streams, rather than one continuous stream for greater oxygen saturation. Part of the water is pumped out into the tank, again goes through the whole cycle of purification and enrichment, and again enters the pools. After a certain period of time, some of the water goes into the sewer, and a new one is pumped into the system - from the water supply.

All year round in the pools it is necessary to maintain a constant temperature, the most optimal for fish farming - 18-20 0 C. The air temperature in the room should also be maintained at the same level as possible. It is these conditions that contribute to the rapid maturation of the sturgeon.

By the way, it will be much cheaper not to buy a ready-made RAS, but to assemble it yourself from components that are on sale.

Breeding in vivo

You can also breed sturgeons in natural conditions - in a pond. Of course, it will take much longer for the fish to mature, but this is offset by the significant cost savings. The pond can be both natural and artificial. In the first case, you just need to clean it, in the second - to make liming. The bottom of the pond, which, by the way, should be bowl-shaped, must be covered with a layer of lime, then extinguished by flooding it with a layer of water, and then rinse everything thoroughly.

For spawning, fish from the pond are transplanted into another, specially prepared pond. Then - after the appearance of eggs or fry, they are transferred back to the first pond. you can find out the technical side of the question, how you can rent a pond.

Purchase of fry

Today, the cost of sturgeon fry ranges from 15 to 20 rubles per piece. How much to purchase you must calculate yourself, based on your financial capabilities, and the number of pools. Oster is a bottom fish, so the density of its landing in the pool is measured by the number of pieces (or a kilo of live weight) per 1 square meter. The enterprise, which I visited before writing this material, plants in a round pool with a diameter of 2.5 meters about 300 fry, weighing 5-6 grams per 1 sq. meter.

Before disembarking, the temperature of the water in the pool must be equal to the temperature of the water in those containers in which the fry were brought.

Growing conditions

In the food of fish living in a pond, there must be a natural, familiar food for it - various vegetation, aquatic insects, worms, mollusks. In pools, all this is replaced with special feeds, for the selection of which there are some criteria:

The pellet size should be appropriate for the age and size of the fish.
Sturgeons eat from the bottom, so the food must sink.
For the fast growth of the fish, the food must contain a lot of calories.

Boiled eggs of aquatic birds and minced fish can be added to food for sturgeons, and fry of other fish can be added to adults in the pool. Often, sturgeons are injected with various special hormones as they mature to stimulate spawning.

Breeding sturgeon at home

RAS - closed water supply installation. The equipment of such an installation will require a significant investment.

But, breeding sturgeon at home, without resorting to buying expensive equipment, does not require large financial costs. Let us consider the latter option in more detail. In order to start breeding sturgeon at home, you will need: a heated room and tanks where fish will be kept, special equipment and fry, as well as fish food.

First initial stage you can use a small container (mini-pool) for sturgeon breeding. The depth of such a pool should be 1 meter, and the diameter can be 1.5-2.5 meters. In a pool of this size, up to 1 ton of fish can be grown in one year. Do not forget that the pool must have good filtration and aeration, and as the container becomes dirty, it must be periodically cleaned. To do this, we need to purchase a pump and compressor, a filter. Additionally, you can buy an auto feeder. These are additional monetary costs, but they will significantly save time.

When choosing a pump and compressor, you need to pay attention to the volume that they, according to technical specifications will be able to process. It is better to buy them with a small margin so that the equipment does not work under extreme loads. So it will serve us longer without replacement. In order to save additional money at the start of your business cash, the pool can be made by hand. At the initial stage, one pool will be enough for us. Over time, the number of containers can be increased.

Getting sturgeon fry at home is quite problematic. This requires special conditions and special skills. The easiest way is to purchase fry. To do this, it is enough to visit a large fish farm, which is engaged in sturgeon breeding. It is better not to save on the purchase of fry, because your profit will also depend on their quality.

The faster the fish grows, the faster we can make our first profit. Now about fish food. It has its own peculiarities and nuances. You will need to purchase feed of various sizes. For small fish, feed should be small. As the fish grows, the feed size should increase. It should not be forgotten that this type of fish feeds from the bottom. The sturgeon searches for food using the sense of smell. It is for this reason to buy food that sinks in water, with a pleasant smell. In addition, sturgeon food needs high-calorie food. It should contain up to 50 percent crude protein, about 25 percent fat, and about 3 percent fiber. Lysine and phosphorus are also needed.

When buying food, it is better to purchase specially designed for sturgeon fish... Another feature of sturgeon breeding is temperature. The sturgeon feeds best of all, and, therefore, grows at a temperature of 20-24 degrees. To obtain the maximum result, it is this temperature regime that must be maintained.

Let's take a closer look at the process of fry growth. As a rule, fry weighing 5 grams are purchased. The sturgeon grows unevenly. Some fry by the age of six months can reach a weight of half a kilogram, but this is only about 15 percent of the total fishes. A sturgeon weighing half a kilogram and more is best suited for implementation. The fish can be sold through supermarkets or restaurants, as well as in the market. After growing up to the above mass of the first sturgeons, after about a month and a half, average individuals grow up. Thus, after 9 months the whole process can be repeated. On the second circle, you only need to purchase fry and food.

It should be noted that sturgeon breeding can be done not only in a house or apartment, but also in an insulated greenhouse, on your own summer cottage.

Breeding sturgeon in the RAS

Finally, let's dwell a little on sturgeon breeding in the RAS. Closed water supply installation - several pools (tanks) equipped with filters and connected to a system of regular water renewal. The water needs to be renewed regularly so that it has the right amount of oxygen. Such devices are most often used for sturgeon breeding in regions with a harsh climate. Thanks to this system, it is easy to maintain the temperature regime of the water and the oxygen concentration.

When growing fish in RAS sturgeon can reach marketable weight by the end of the first year. Even when breeding sturgeon in closed water supply installations, you need to remember about the technologies, norms and requirements for growing this type of fish. Only with their full observance can one count on success, and therefore on making a profit.

Recall that, without fail, for full-fledged sturgeon breeding, it is necessary:

provide the fish with the required amount of oxygen in the water;
regularly change the water in the pool using special biofilters; planting the fry evenly every time after removing the fish that has reached the marketable weight; do not exceed the seating density in the pool. For 1 square meter, no more than 60 kilograms.

Sturgeon farming as a business. Breeding conditions for sturgeon. Video of a homemade RAS.

Sturgeon fish farms, a very popular business in European countries. Countries such as France, Uruguay, Italy, as well as China and the United States are leading in the breeding of sturgeon in recirculating water supply systems for the production of black caviar, in our country this business is only gaining popularity and this niche is practically empty.

Minimal competition allows start-up entrepreneurs to engage in sturgeon breeding. Contrary to popular belief, relatively small financial investments will be required if the RAS is assembled on its own. The profit from the sale of black caviar is more than $ 1000 per 1 kg, the cost of 1 kg of sturgeon is more than $ 20.

Sturgeon breeding.

The sturgeon is listed in the Red Book, catching it in natural reservoirs is prohibited, the fine for a caught individual is more than 10,000 rubles. The shortage of sturgeon, and first of all black caviar, pushed entrepreneurs to grow these types of fish in artificial reservoirs using closed water supply technologies, which make it possible not only to breed and grow sturgeon, but also to obtain black caviar from fish.

In our country, the most common types of sturgeon are beluga, Siberian, Russian, stellate sturgeon, thorn, sterlet. It is possible to get caviar from sturgeon in a farm not earlier than 7 years, and this process cannot be accelerated. On fish farms, they are usually engaged in breeding, the Siberian freshwater sturgeon and its hybrids are less whimsical, their puberty begins at 7 - 9 years old, but the Beluga is more demanding of maintenance, the first eggs can be obtained from females at the age of 18. Therefore, it is practically not grown for caviar, although the cost of 1 kg of Beluga caviar exceeds $ 10,000.

Sturgeon cultivation requires special conditions, so they cannot live in most common water bodies. The sturgeon requires constantly running clean water with a high oxygen content, while the water temperature should not exceed 24 ° C, the optimal water temperature for the sturgeon is 18 - 20 ° C. It is very difficult to create such conditions in most natural reservoirs, therefore, a closed water supply installation was developed by ichthyologists for breeding sturgeon.

Breeding of sturgeons in the RAS.

A closed water supply installation, or RAS for short, is a system consisting of:

Pools.
Oxygen generator.
Water purification filters - drum mechanical filter, carbon, biofilter.
Circulation pumps.
Ozonizer and flotator.
Oxygen sensors, pressure, p N.
Air compressor.
Ultraviolet lamp for water disinfection.
Heat exchangers for heating and cooling water.
Pipelines.

Pools are used in a round or rectangular shape, they can be polypropylene, metal with an enamel coating, capital from concrete and ceramic tiles or collapsible frame. Typically, for recirculation, polypropylene round pools are used with a depth of 1 - 1.5 m, a width of 2.5 m and more.

Purified water enriched with oxygen is constantly supplied to the pools, and part of the water is gradually pumped back, which is passed through purification filters, enriched with oxygen, then pumped back into the fish pools.

The water in the system is in constant circular circulation, while part of the water from the purification filters is still drained into the sewer, and part of the water is pumped from the water supply system.

Water enters the pools not as a stream, but in the form of a shower; this method is used to additionally saturate the water with air.

Regardless of the season, the water temperature in the system is maintained at 18 - 20 ° C. Water heaters are used in winter, coolers with heat exchangers in summer.

As is known in natural conditions in winter, with a decrease in water temperature, sturgeon growth slows down significantly, the optimal temperature is constantly maintained in the RAS, and the fish does not stop growing. If in nature the sturgeon reaches sexual maturity at about the 15th year, then in RAS at 6-7 years old. Starting from the age of 7, in the conditions of a sturgeon farm, you can already get caviar for obtaining fry and selling.

The installation is located in a heated room, which can be a hangar, a greenhouse, or any covered room.

Breeding conditions for sturgeon.

To start breeding sturgeon, you will need to purchase fry. You can buy 5 gram fry in almost every sturgeon farm, the cost is about 15 rubles. a piece. A particular difficulty arises during transportation, because the fry is not enough just a container with water, it will be necessary to adapt an aquarium air compressor to the container.

Before releasing the fry into the pools, the temperature of the water in the pools and in the container with the fry should be equalized.

In nature, sturgeons lead a benthic life and feed on a variety of plankton, small fish, insects, worms, and molluscs. When kept in RAS, natural feed is replaced with balanced compound feed with a high protein content. Each fish age has its own food, the older the fish, the larger the feed pellet size is used.

Experts recommend that beginners start with imported feed, over time you can learn how to make feed yourself. Boiled eggs can be added to adult fish as additional protein supplements. waterfowl- geese, ducks, as well as minced fish.

At the age of one year, the fish is called a year-old, then it becomes a year-old. Yearlings already weigh about 500 grams, such a weight in restaurants is called portioned, from live fish weighing 500 grams, a cooked portion of 350 - 370 grams is obtained. Therefore, to sell sturgeon to restaurants, it is enough to grow fish up to a weight of 500 grams.

If you want to get caviar, the fish needs to be raised for about 7 years.

At the onset of puberty, additional hormones are injected in order for the fish to spawn.

During the spawning period in females, the number of eggs for the first time is 15% of the total weight of the female, in the next more than 25%.

In nature, about 3% of fry survive and grow from caviar; in a fish farm, this figure is more than 70%. During the spawning period, eggs are removed from the female, and milk from the male by milking, while the fish does not die, it is released back into the pools, on next year caviar is also obtained from fish.

Eggs in trays with water are fertilized and placed in incubators with running water, in natural conditions only in running water larvae develop from eggs, therefore the design of the incubator is built in such a way as to recreate conditions for the development of larvae from eggs.

The incubator is a structure of several upper rows of trays, into which water is constantly drawn from pipes, and the lower ones with caviar.

When the upper tray is full of water, it hits the lower tray and pours the water into the caviar tray. At the same time, the eggs in the tray are shaken and float, thus, the eggs are constantly saturated with oxygen and washed with water.

A week later, sturgeon larvae emerge from the eggs and are transferred to the pool. The larvae grow very quickly and after a month they turn into fry.

Sturgeon breeding as a business.

Sturgeon breeding is undoubtedly a promising business, but the complexity of recirculation technology makes many entrepreneurs abandon such an undertaking.

If you are interested in sturgeon breeding, study the literature, visit the nearest sturgeon farm and consult a specialist.

You can find the owners of sturgeon farms on the forums on the Internet. It is not necessary to buy the RAS unit entirely, you can assemble it yourself, it will be much cheaper, all the components are on sale.

There will be no problems with the sale of fish and black caviar, since there are practically no competitors in this business and the price of these products is consistently high.

Sturgeon breeding in a homemade RAS video (video by Aleksej Rublev).

Popular business ideas

How to make money in contact

Some of the entrepreneurs have mastered some types of business related to the breeding of various animals for the sake of making a profit. Unfortunately, in terms of profitability, these types of activities are inferior to sturgeon breeding.

The consequences of the economic crisis have affected almost all areas entrepreneurial activity person. Many entrepreneurs have decided to give up different types activities, including in the field of animal husbandry. V Lately there is a trend towards maintaining healthy way life, which is inextricably linked with proper nutrition. Increasingly, a person prefers to eat fish, but not meat, especially pork. Therefore, having decided to start breeding sturgeon, you should not worry about the sale of your products.

You can breed sturgeon at home, if you create a certain temperature regime, bring water and sewage.

Organization of a reservoir for sturgeon breeding

For the convenience of growing sturgeon, it is enough to have a plastic pool with a depth of 1.0-1.2 meters and a diameter of up to 3 meters. This is the most convenient pool model, since it can be maintained without much difficulty.

The right choice of feed

The main challenge is to obtain the maximum gain in fish mass in a short period of time. Therefore, the feed should be high in calories and appropriate for the age and weight of the fish.

The sturgeon leads a near-bottom lifestyle, so the food must quickly sink to the bottom.
The food must have a suitable odor. In nature, these fish species search for food by smell. This suggests that he has a well-developed sense of smell. The food should not only smell good, but also be attractive to this type of fish.
Dissolving time of feed in water should not be less than 30 minutes.
For each fish size, feed pellet sizes are selected.

Where to get sturgeon fry

Fry should be purchased only from large fish-breeding enterprises that have been breeding it for years. The better the product, the more likely it is to make a profit. In this case, you should not save on fry. Only healthy fry will be able to quickly adapt to new conditions and grow to the size of a marketable sturgeon.

Tanks for growing fish

At the initial stage of development of this type of business, it is enough to acquire a small mini-pool. It can be installed in a residential area or in a cellular polycarbonate greenhouse. The mini-pool covers an area of no more than 2.2 square meters, so it can be installed even in an apartment.

Growing equipment

To grow fish on your own, you will have to purchase the following equipment:

Plastic pool.
Pump for pumping water.
Compressor.
Automatic feeder.
Generator.

Capacity. For fish farming, you can purchase and install several mini-pools with a diameter of 2.5 meters.

Pump. With its help, water is supplied to containers from a well or a well, if sturgeon are raised in the private sector. If there is a central water supply, mini-pools can be connected to the water supply, but this method can be much more costly given today's water prices.

Compressor. It is necessary for the constant saturation of water with oxygen, otherwise it makes no sense to talk about raising fish at all. Moreover, you need to install a pair of compressors, just in case, so that if one of them fails, the next one is included in the work.

Automatic feeder. It is necessary for large production volumes. If this is the beginning of a business and there is an opportunity to feed the fish by hand, then you don't have to buy it. Malek feeds up to 6 times a day and with small volumes, you can do without it.

Gasoline or diesel generator. Same important element just like the compressor. In the absence of power supply or its interruption, the generator will help out and will not allow the fish to suffocate. The generator must have a reserve of power so as not to run to the limit. Then he will serve for a long time and will be able to guarantee the cultivation of sturgeon.

Here, the list includes only the main components of a mini-farm, without which sturgeon breeding is impossible. In addition to these elements, you will need all kinds of pipes, taps, corners, tees, etc. If you count everything, then serious investments will be required. Despite this, with a serious approach, sturgeon breeding will pay off in the first year.

Water temperature

In order to live and develop, constantly gaining weight, a certain temperature regime should be maintained. It is considered that the temperature from + 18 ° С to + 24 ° С is optimal.

Concerning winter period, you will have to maintain the temperature at the proper level. If this is not done, then the water will simply be covered with ice, and this cannot be allowed. In this case, a large energy consumption will be required, although it is possible to work on the heating circuit and get by with minimal costs. It is not necessary to resort to heating with electricity or gas, as this will cost a lot of money. It is better to use a conventional solid fuel boiler, and use wood waste as fuel.

If the fish is raised in improper conditions, then it will start to hurt, especially if it is fry.

Premises for growing sturgeon

Even in an apartment with running water and sewerage, you can breed fish. The most suitable option is the private sector, where you can easily build a suitable room and organize heating, both water and air.

Depending on the number of containers, the useful area of the mini-farm is also calculated. At the same time, one container with a volume of 2 cubic meters is capable of occupying an area from 10 to 12 square meters.

What sturgeons are fed with

For this, there are special compound feeds intended for the cultivation of sturgeon fish species. The daily dose depends on the age and weight of the fish. The sturgeon feeds 4-5 times a day. If an automatic feeder is used, the fish may be fed more frequently, depending on the setting.

Payback of such a business

It is a profitable business that, with the right approach, will pay off in the first year. The growing cycle, starting from the purchase of fry and ending with commercial products, takes about 9 months. During this period, fry, weighing about 5 grams, gains weight about 500 grams, which is quite enough for the sale of goods. One fry can cost 20 rubles, or even more. Ready sturgeon is sold at a price of 600-800 rubles. for 1 kg. If you count everything, then one fry is able to bring a profit in the amount of 300 rubles, or even more. Unfortunately, this is not net profit... The cost of the feed will take up a significant amount of the cost.

Growing one thousand fry will require the purchase of feed for the amount of 30 thousand rubles. Electricity costs can also be significant and can amount to up to 20 thousand rubles per year, depending on the size of the mini-farm.

If you do not take into account the equipment, then in order to grow 1000 fry, you will have to spend:

expenses for the purchase of fry - 20 thousand rubles;
feed costs - 30 thousand rubles;
electricity costs - 20 thousand rubles.

Moreover, these are calculations without taking into account the cost of water. It is believed that water is taken from a well or borehole.

So, total costs are 70 thousand rubles. It is not difficult to calculate the profit from the sale of 1000 pieces of fish weighing 500 grams and costing 600 rubles per kilogram: it will amount to 300 thousand rubles.

The net profit will amount to: 300 thousand rubles - 70 thousand rubles, the total will be 230 thousand rubles.

To grow 1000 fish fry, you will need to purchase equipment for 250 thousand rubles. In the first year of fish farming, the costs will be fully paid off. Starting from the second year, each thousand fry will be able to give up to 200 thousand rubles of net profit.

Experience of successful farms

Unfortunately, this type of business is not as widespread as a business related to animal husbandry. Events recent years indicate that large producers meat of sturgeon fish species receive a constant income already in the 2nd or 3rd year of their activity. At the same time, you can get not only sturgeon meat, but also sturgeon caviar using accelerated technology. This can happen in the 5th or 6th year of the females' life. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that sturgeon caviar can be sold at $ 1000 per kilogram.

Business plan

Calculation formulas are applied exactly the same, but to organize the breeding of sturgeon in large quantities (up to 20 ... 30 tons per year), one should take into account the fact that you will have to spend money on construction capital building... Alternatively, such a building can be rented. Moreover, you will have to spend a lot of money on payment wages hired worker. Still, it is unlikely that he or his family will be able to cope with such a volume of work. With an increase in production volumes, other expenses, such as deductions to the budget, also increase. The larger the production, the more problem and the more difficult it is to raise sturgeon fry to presentation, the greater the risks associated with unforeseen expenses.

Who to sell sturgeon fish to

You can sell your products according to various schemes: sell on the market, where you can organize your point of sale, sell in a store, by agreement with the owner, or deliver to restaurants, by concluding an appropriate contract. Restaurants can sell up to 70 kg of sturgeon per month. It is not difficult to calculate how much fish needs to be grown per year: up to 1 ton of fish or up to 2000 units, weighing 0.5 kg each. Such small sturgeons are the most demanded in restaurant business... The most refined and delicious dishes are prepared from them.

As practice shows, you can seriously earn money on a home mini-farm. Somewhere in 3-5 years, if you approach it smartly, you can organize a business with a turnover of several million rubles and this on your personal or summer cottage plot. But not everything can be obtained immediately and instantly. In any case, you should start with a small amount of sturgeon growing. And when experience and confidence appear, production volumes can be increased, and not immediately, but also gradually: first, grow 1000 fry, then, if possible, 2000 pieces, and then, as they say, the appetite comes with eating.

Conclusion

Naturally, business is not such a cloudless business. In the process of organizing, serious organizational problems can arise associated with legitimizing your business. Indeed, without these skills, it is unlikely that it will be possible to negotiate with a store or restaurant. Therefore, the business plan does not include organizational measures related to obtaining the relevant documents. In addition, it is not known what it will cost the entrepreneur and whether it can be organized at his dacha or at his personal plot. In addition, without the appropriate documents, it is unlikely that it will be possible to purchase fish fry.

Every business project requires integrated approach at various counts. Each business plan should include various losses associated, for example, with the death of a part of the fry. In other words, risks should be considered, and this is not always possible. Therefore, engaging in a non-traditional field of activity, you can always ignore something and this “something” can ruin the whole business.

To start a business like sturgeon farming, a mini farm is best suited. Sturgeon caviar and meat are in stable demand, and the competition is still low. The sturgeon is unpretentious; to grow it, you do not need a large amount of special knowledge.

Sturgeon varieties

What are the subtleties of sturgeon breeding? A mini-farm can become a profitable enterprise, since the sturgeon is listed in the Red Book and it is not caught in natural reservoirs. This shortage, against the backdrop of the popularity of meat and caviar, creates good business conditions.

Fast maturing sturgeon breeds are used for breeding:

Siberian;
Amur;
White;
sterlet;
bester.

In fish farms, beluga, thorn, stellate sturgeon can be bred, but they grow and mature slowly.

Products for sale

What products does sturgeon breeding give? The mini farm will not produce eggs for the first 6-8 years. To pay off the costs of keeping fish, farms sell sturgeon meat. This could be:

live fish;
smoked fish;
canned sturgeon;
soup sets;
liver;
vizig.

For the production of smoked fish and canned food, additional production will be required. But processed products will also cost more. The ultimate goal of the farm is to obtain caviar.

Perspectives

How promising is sturgeon breeding? A mini-farm can pay off in 2-3 years after starting work. The purchase of equipment will have to spend about three thousand dollars. For feed and public Utilities- 500 dollars, about 1000 for the purchase of quality fry. In general, the initial costs will cost about 5 thousand dollars.

How expensive is sturgeon farming (mini-farm)? The price of the equipment can be reduced if you make a part yourself or order a small company.

The average income from the sale of one sturgeon is $ 6. Accordingly, a small farm can bring in 3.5 thousand dollars a year, and this is at the initial stage, excluding the production of caviar.

The natural loss of fry can be up to 30%, this is the norm for keeping in captivity. In their natural habitat, only about three percent of fry survive and grow to sexual maturity.

By the age of six months, the sturgeon can gain a mass of half a kilogram. At this age, fish can already be taken to restaurants, as it is ideal for making portioned dishes. Fry peers grow unevenly. Dominant fish get more food and gain weight faster.

The first production cycle ends when even the weakest fry have reached the desired weight. This happens after about 8-9 months. After that, you can get the first income and purchase a new batch of fry.

The mini-farm will be controlled by the SES. Water samples are taken twice a year, and the sturgeon will also be checked. You will need to provide documentation for fry and feed. Initially, the business will require serious investments, the payback period will be quite long. The entrepreneur will begin to receive serious profits after the fish reach maturity.

RAS

How to organize sturgeon breeding (mini-farm)? A business plan starts with costs. What will it take to start a business?

Equipment.
Premises.
Reservoirs.
Malek.
Feed.

The farm can be organized on your own courtyard, but then you will have to build the main and auxiliary premises. Breeding sturgeon (mini-farm) at home in small areas is impossible, as equipment and pools take up a lot of space.

The sturgeon loves running clean water. Organize suitable conditions in a natural reservoir it is difficult, therefore recirculation will be more convenient.

RAS is a closed water supply installation, fish farming modules for fish farming. Consists of RAS from:

reservoirs;
filters for water purification and compressor;
oxygen generator;
UV lamps for water disinfection;
heaters;
pipelines;
sensors.

The water in the RAS system is in constant motion. It is filtered and enriched with oxygen and then returned back to the tanks. Part of the polluted water is discharged into the sewage system, part of it evaporates, so it is necessary to constantly replenish its volumes.

Nutrition

Very important point in fish farming - food. The food must be chosen carefully, because the health and growth rate of the fish largely depends on it. The food should not become limp and dissolve in water, since sturgeon live and feed in the lower layers of the water. Quality feed pellets do not lose their shape for more than half an hour. Pay attention to the composition of the feed: it must contain all the substances necessary for fish.

Fry and adult fish need different pellets. Every 10 days, the sturgeon is sorted by size and fed in different containers. At first, you need to buy special feed, but over time you can learn how to make it yourself.

Buying fry

It is from the fry that sturgeon breeding begins (mini-farm). The cost of one fry is 2 euros. After the equipment is installed and the feed is prepared, it is time to buy the fry. It is quite difficult to breed sturgeon on your own, so in the first pairs you will have to buy them from large farms.

The weight of fry for sale is 5 grams. The further growth of fish depends on the quality of the fry, so you need to be careful about purchasing. You need to feed babies 6 times a day, half-year-old fish - 4 times a day.

Adult fish and fry do not tolerate transportation well. Will need compliance temperature regime and additional enrichment with oxygen.

Obtaining offspring

Usually the fry is bought from large fish farms, but sturgeon breeding on a mini-farm is also possible. In nature, the sturgeon begins to reproduce at the age of ten (in captivity, this period is reduced), but the reproductive age also lasts a long time - up to 18 years.

You can buy already adult females, then it will not take so long to wait for eggs, but such individuals will also be expensive. In captivity, due to favorable conditions, offspring can be obtained after six years. In order to stimulate the desire of fish to reproduce, you will need a spacious reservoir.

Raising fry requires special knowledge and an incubator. The caviar is fertilized artificially and placed in special containers, where it is washed with water and saturated with oxygen. After a week, larvae emerge from the eggs. After a month, they will turn into fry. If we organize the cultivation of fry, then it will be possible not only to save on the purchase, but also to sell them to other small farms.