Which of the following factors seems to you the most important. The product is

Test tasks

1. Arrange the needs in order from lowest to highest according to A. Maslow's hierarchy:

a) Physiological needs;

b) The need for self-realization;

c) Social needs;

d) Need for security

2. For each situation, choose one answer - yes or no:

a) The product may not fulfill its consumer function and be claimed by the buyer;

b) When demand significantly exceeds the supply of a product, it is a buyer's market;

c) The market is the area of ​​commodity exchange, where there is supply and demand;

d) The concept of "quality of goods" can be interpreted in different ways from the point of view of the seller and the buyer;

e) The higher the level of satisfied needs, the higher the price of the product;

f) The more the product meets the wishes of the consumer, the higher the likelihood of its success in the market;

g) It is easier for a company to make its customers relative non-consumers than to entice customers from competitors;

h) Knowledge of the nature of the emergence of needs allows you to correctly assess the degree of commercial risk;

i) Buying a prestigious product means an opportunity to express yourself;

j) The seller's market is almost always characterized by a deficit for the consumer.

3. For successful sale pre-selected items are required:

a) Have a wide range;

b) Know the product well;

c) Be able to interest the buyer;

d) All of the above.

4. Main influence on supplier selection natural resources renders:

a) The quality of the goods;

b) The price of the goods and the reliability of the supplier;

d) Conditions of transportation.

5. For the factory confectionery the key factors in the analysis of the external environment will be:

a) Economic, political, technological;

b) Environmental, international, economic;

c) Socio-demographic, economic, international.

Which of the factors of the economic environment are

fundamental for a meat processing plant:

e) The level of domestic consumption of products, the size of income and expenditures of the population, the level of taxation;

f) Distribution of national income to consumption and accumulation, inflation rate, volume of GNP;

g) The volume of GNP, the size of income and expenditures of the population, the level of unemployment.

7. Market capacity:

a) Equal to the sum of all the needs of the population for this product;

b) Includes unsatisfied effective demand for a given product;

c) Comprises the volume of goods sold over a certain period of time

8. Competitive advantage (according to Porter) is achieved due to:

b) Diversification;

c) Improving the quality of the product;

d) Differentiation.

9. Economies of scale of production:

e) Achieved as a result of rivalry between competing enterprises;

f) Is a barrier to entry into the industry of competitors;

g) Possible by reducing all costs to a minimum.

10. For each situation, choose one of the answer options - yes or no:

h) Market capacity grows with increasing imports;

i) When analyzing the general economic situation, the results of studying the microenvironment of the enterprise are used;

j) The most important component of the general economic situation is the capacity of the market for goods;

k) External competitive advantage is achieved at the expense of the commodity.

11. SWOT Matrix:

l) Allows you to evaluate the results of the enterprise;

m) Assists in the development of further company strategy;

n) Characterizes external environment enterprises.

12. For each situation, choose one answer - yes or no:

o) The marketing audit plan includes an analysis of the macroenvironment of the enterprise;

p) One of the functions of marketing is to improve the quality of the product;

q) In a targeted marketing audit, the company's management personnel are involved;

r) Commodity organization- the oldest and most common form of marketing service organization;

s) For an enterprise with a wide range of goods produced for a large number of markets, a commodity-market marketing organization is advisable;

t) The problem with the functional organization of the marketing department is that it is costly and conflict-prone.

13. The main tasks of setting the selling price:

u) Arrange the sale;

v) Ensure the competitiveness of products in the market;

w) Comply with the product and positioning method, adopted by the enterprise;

x) Satisfy customer needs more fully.

14. What factors influence purchasing behavior:

a) Cultural;

b) Social;

c) Personal;

d) All of the above.

15. Marketing service:

a) Can only be submitted commercial director;

b) The structure responsible for organizing the system for the sale of goods (provision of services);

c) The unit in which marketing management is concentrated.

16. The main marketing functions are:

a) Searching for investments, drawing up a business plan, organizing the delivery of goods;

b) Product promotion, product marketing, compliance monitoring financial plans;

c) Assortment planning, market research, building organizational structure marketing management, product sales.

17. Which of the statements is incorrect:

a) Market segmentation means dividing into homogeneous groups of consumers;

b) Market segmentation is a logical consequence of marketing concentration;

c) Market segmentation - required condition mass marketing;

d) After segmenting the market, a specific marketing mix must be developed for each segment.

18. Which of the listed signs of segmentation are demographic:

a) Country, province, municipality;

b) Social stratum, lifestyle;

c) Use of the product;

d) Phase of the family life cycle, gender, age.

19. What is the relationship between the concepts of "segmentation" and "positioning":

a) Segmentation and positioning are almost identical concepts;

b) The product is positioned on the market as a whole, and segmentation is aimed at dividing the market;

c) The product is positioned, and then the market is segmented;

d) The product is positioned in the selected segment.

20. What is the product:

b) Enterprises;

c) Washing machines;

d) All of the above.

21. The most acute competition occurs at the next stage of the product life cycle:

b) Maturity;

c) Implementation;

22. At what stage of the product life cycle does the enterprise receive a stable profit:

a) Implementation;

b) Maturity;

23. Which of the above factors to the greatest extent affects the success of the product on the market:

a) Marketing advantage over other products;

c) Correct segmentation and positioning;

d) All of the above

24. The first stage in creating a product is:

a) Management analysis;

b) Construction;

c) Search for ideas;

d) Preliminary assessment and selection of ideas.

25. A product is considered new on the market:

a) Having new packaging and packing;

b) With fundamentally new technical characteristics;

c) Known in other markets, but appearing for the first time on the analyzed market;

d) All of the above.

Informational;

Prestigious;

Barrier;

All answers are correct.

27. The use of a trademark promotes:

a) formation corporate culture;

b) product recognition on the market;

c) maintaining the image of the enterprise;

d) all answers are correct.

The art of making a psychological impact on buyers;

Increased sales of goods after price increases;

Increased awareness of the enterprise.

Logistic functions include:

a) Purchase of goods for subsequent delivery to other enterprises;

b) Picking up consignments in accordance with the needs of the client;

c) Lending to the client;

d) Marketing research and collection of information.

To functions wholesale trade do not include:

a) Building up inventory;

b) Picking up small wholesale lots for retail;

c) Selling goods to consumers;

d) All of the above

Key to tests:

1) a, b, c, d	5) c	9) b, c	13) a, b, c	17) c	21) a	25) d
2) a-no b-no c-yes d-yes e-yes f-yes g-no h-yes i-yes j-yes	6) a	10) a-yes b-no c-no d-yes	14) d	18) d	22) b	26) d
3) d	7) c	11) b	15) c	19) d	23) d	27) d
4) b	8) b	12) a-yes b-no c-yes d-no e-yes f-no	16) c	20) d	24) c	28) c

	|	next lecture ==>

"Dictators" - Mao Zedong, Chinese. Adolf Hitler, German. Julius Caesar, ancient Rome. Genghis Khan, ancient Mongols. Saddam Hussein, Iraq. Benito Mussolini, Italian. Vladimir Lenin, Russian. Napoleon Bonaparte, French. Stalin, Georgian.

"Comparative World Politics" - The ratio of volume and content in a concept (ideal type, category, etc.). Pluralistic comparative political science. Government 2. Comparative Political Science and global politics... Sartori. Synchronization of politics is associated with qualitative changes in the nature of politics as such. R. Dahl. Competence of Comparative Political Science (V).

Culture and Civilization - I create civilization as a prophet in a constructive way through modeling. American or American-Soviet-German period (from 1921). Experience of successes and failures of rational civilizations. However, an ontological organization is necessary. Archeos in a rational civilization became a hindrance to Europe in the twentieth century.

"History of Humanity" - Traces of the existence of primitive people. Primitive people appeared on Earth more than 2 million years ago. A subject on display at the museum. The beginning of human history. Science that studies the past of humanity. Business paper. Presentation for the lesson of the world around us, 4th grade of the educational complex "Schools of Russia". Excavation man.

"Pages of World History" - Page 3 Middle Ages. America. 2. Tombs of the Pharaohs in Ancient Egypt. Magelan. (K.E. Tsiolkovsky). What are the names of the prayer buildings for the Muslims? "Pages world history". (United Nations Organization). (In Rome). Leonardo da Vinci. Answer the questions: Artist. (Coliseum). (Parthenon). Robinson Crusoe.

"History of East and West" - Points of intersection. People of the East. Reasons for dividing the world into west and east. Main features. World of the West. European colonialism. Opportunity. Harmony with nature. Pilgrims. The reasons for the division of the world. Historical and geographical space.

Pick the right one.
7. Which of the following triples provides examples of the three factors of production (labor, capital, and land)?
a) rent, workers, money;
b) oil, taxi drivers, bonds;
c) iron ore deposits, teachers, trucks;
d) farmers, investors, producers.

8. A person who starts a business and brings together all factors of production for the production of goods and services is called:
a) a partner;
b) a manager;
c) an entrepreneur;
d) a broker.
9. Economic rationality is:
a) the desire to maximize your income, whatever the cost;
b) the desire to most fully satisfy the physiological needs;
c) a way of choosing solutions based on the desire to obtain the greatest economic results at the lowest cost;
d) a method of choosing solutions based on the desire to obtain the greatest economic results with a fixed possible cost of all the resources necessary for this.
10. The opportunity cost of a new stadium is:
a) payment for his protection;
b) the cost of building the stadium;
c) change in the real tax rate, which is paid from the stadium's revenues;
d) the price of other goods and services, the production of which was sacrificed for the construction of this stadium.
11. Alternative cost of keeping money in a banker's safe:
a) equal to zero, since money is not a factor of production;
b) grows if the interest on deposits in banks rises;
c) falls if the interest on deposits in banks rises;
d) falls if the interest on loans (credits) rises.
12. CPV (curve production capabilities) shows:
a) the exact quantities of the two goods that the farm intends to produce;
b) the best possible combination of two goods;
c) an alternative combination of goods in the presence of a given amount of resources;
d) the time when the law of diminishing productivity of production factors comes into effect.
13. Problems of “what, how and for whom to produce” can only be relevant ...
a) only to countries with government planning;
b) only to market economy;
c) only to a backward economy;
d) to any society regardless of its socio-economic and political organization.
14. If the volume of production resources in society increases, then ...
a) more goods and services will be produced;
b) the economy is able to produce more goods and services;
c) production technology has improved;
d) the standard of living has increased.
15. If all human and material resources, then increase the volume of production of a product:
a) it is possible only in private enterprises, and not in public ones;
b) it is possible only in conditions of rising prices;
c) impossible under any circumstances;
d) it is possible if the production of any other products is reduced.

A) solar radiation B) temperature

C) dissolved oxygen D) nutrients

60. Emergence different types finches in the Galapagos Islands are the result of speciation:

A) allopatric B) peripatric

C) parapatric D) sympatric

PART II. You are offered test tasks with multiple answer choices (from 0 to 5). Maximum amount points that can be collected - 70 (2.5 points for each task). Mark the indices of correct answers (B) and incorrect answers (H) in the matrix 999 with an "X".

Matrix filling pattern:

№	?	A	B	V	G	D
	V		X	X		X
N	X			X

1. Pigments carotenoids:

A) readily soluble in water

B) readily soluble in organic solvents - gasoline, alcohol

C) their color depends on the acidity of the environment

D) these include rubixanthin, lycopene, violoxanthin

2. Shown in the figure a conductive beam:

A) open

B) closed

B) concentric

D) collateral

E) located in the stems of dicotyledonous plants

3. The inflorescence shown in the figure is:

A) simple

B) difficult

B) monopodial

D) undefined

D) acuminous

4. Fruits nuts - according to the botanical classification, plants have:

A) chestnut

B) almonds

C) coconut tree

G) Walnut

E) peanuts

A) has fruiting bodies in the form of perithecia

B) reproduces asexually by means of conidia

C) the sexual process is isogamy

D) refers to Ascomycetes

E) contains the alkaloid ergotinine, when consumed in food, a person develops a disease called "Anthony's fire"

6. Spirogyra is an algae that has:

A) trichal organization of the thallus

B) the sexual process in the form of conjugation

C) the chromatophore has the form of an open girdle

D) diplophase life cycle

E) chlorophyll a and d

7. Plant tissue shown in the figure:

A) in structure - complex

B) by origin - secondary

C) her cells have uniformly thickened cell walls

D) her cells are dead

E) there are well-developed intercellular spaces between the cells

8. Cartilaginous fish include:

A) large-headed hammer fish B) common moon fish

C) chubby-cheeked needle fish D) common saw-fish E) sword-fish

9. Does not take part in flight, but only performs a protective function of the front pair of wings in insects belonging to the orders:

A) Coleoptera B) Orthoptera C) Dragonflies D) Cockroaches E) Lepidoptera

10. From the list of mammals, select those that were introduced to the territory of Udmurtia:

A) steppe marmot B) muskrat C) American mink

D) large gopher E) raccoon dog

11. The main builders of hollows in our forests are woodpeckers, but there are much more hollow-nesting birds. Select them from the list:

A) common gogol B) common pinwheel C) forest pipit

D) blue tit E) common starling

12. Of the listed animals, the sternum keel has:

A) cassowary cassowary B) red wasteland C) European mole

D) flying fish E) Adélie penguin

13. Animals with only a primary body cavity (schizocele) include:

A) ascidian B) nereis C) roundworm D) praying mantis E) rotifers

14. Chordates, including humans, belong to the group of deuterostomes. The deuterostomes also include:

A) earthworm B) bryozoan C) trepang D) deer beetle E) tardigrade

15. Enzymes that break down proteins:

A) trypsin B) amylase C) lipase D) pepsin E) chymosin

16. Water-soluble vitamins include:

A) C B) E C) C6 D) A E) C12

17. The structural parts of the nephron include:

A) Bowman-Shumlyansky's capsule B) distal tubule C) Henle's loop

D) collecting duct E) renal cups

18. Free bones of the lower extremities include:

A) pea-shaped B) ram C) scaphoid D) femoral E) trapezoidal

19. Normally, the following substances do not pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) ​​from the blood into the cerebrospinal fluid:

A) ethyl alcohol B) immune bodies C) antibiotics

D) tetanus toxin E) morphine

20. Blood contains the following buffer systems:

A) carbonate B) hemoglobin C) phosphate D) protein E) ionic

21. There are the following types of inhibition of conditioned reflexes:

A) differentiation B) conventional brake C) lag inhibition

D) outrageous D) dying out brake

22. Select the signs corresponding to the characteristics of protein metabolism in the human body:

A) the cleavage of a protein molecule to amino acids occurs in cells

B) absorption of amino acids occurs by secondary active transport

V) end products breakdown of amino acids are carbon dioxide, water, ammonia

D) ammonia is neutralized in the ornithine cycle

E) the daily protein requirement for an adult is about 100 g

23. Enzymodiagnostics is based on:

A) the release of enzymes into the blood during tissue damage

B) organ specificity

C) high stability of enzymes

D) the predominance of certain isoenzymes in different fabrics

E) low activity or complete absence of activity of diagnostically significant enzymes in the blood is normal

24. Indicate the methods of protein separation based on differences in their molecular weight:

A) ion exchange chromatography

B) ultracentrifugation

C) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

D) gel filtration

E) affinity chromatography

25. The matrix process is:

A) polymerization B) repair C) translation D) transcription E) transduction

26. Select the signs characteristic of sucrose:

A) contains an α, β1,2-glycosidic bond

B) reducing sugar

B) monosaccharide

D) found in sugar beets

E) cleaved by α-amylase

27. Breakdown of glycogen in muscles:

A) maintains a constant blood glucose concentration between meals

B) occurs using the energy of ATP

C) is stimulated with intense physical work by adrenaline and Ca 2+

D) occurs during physical activity of aerobic and anaerobic nature

E) violated with a defect in glucose-6-phosphatase

28. The process of spore formation in bacteria includes:

A) loss of part of the genetic material

B) loss of water by the cell

C) synthesis of the cortex

D) asymmetric cell division

E) copying plasmids

PART III. You are offered tasks that require matching. Fill in the answer matrices according to the requirements of the assignments. The maximum number of points that can be collected is 20 (0.5 points for each correct match).

1. Establish the correspondence between the names of the inflorescences and their schemes, indicated in the figure, by numbers. The maximum number of points you can score is 6.5.

A) head

B) gyrus

C) complex dichasium

D) curl

D) umbrella

G) complex brush

H) ear

I) basket

K) ear

L) complex umbrella