Humus production technology. Which taxation system to choose

• Raw material base
• Do I need a permit to open a production
  • • • Related business ideas:

The intensive agriculture we see today is leading to severe soil depletion and depletion of vital organic matter. As a result of mechanical treatment of soils, along with the harvest, a significant part of the organic substances in them is alienated, in turn, increasing the proportion of minerals. Soil mineralization occurs so intensively that the process becomes simply irreversible and the soil loses its fertile properties forever.

For this reason, agricultural enterprises and farms are forced to look for new ways to preserve soil fertility. And the best alternative to traditional types of fertilizers, in particular manure, is vermicompost - a universal natural fertilizer that contains soil antibiotics, enzymes, vitamins and minerals so necessary for all plants. Vermicompost is very easy to use, and most importantly, it is a cheap fertilizer. It is logical that the demand for vermicompost in the near future will only grow ...

A number of advantages of vermicompost over traditional types of fertilizers can be distinguished: - perfectly keeps moisture in the soil; - significantly improves the quality of vegetables and fruits; - increases the productivity of plants and prolongs the flowering period; - does not contain pathogenic microorganisms (unlike manure); - reduces the percentage of plant diseases. At the same time, one of the main advantages of vermicompost as a fertilizer is low price... To achieve the same effect with traditional agrochemistry methods, the farmer will require a significant investment. The use of vermicompost is intended to reduce these costs by several times. Vermicompost, as a fertilizer, can be used everywhere: in gardens, vegetable gardens, for feeding ornamental plants, v farms ah and on an industrial scale. Convenient packaging of vermicompost (in bags) allows you to purchase fertilizer, both for private and commercial purposes. The shelf life of vermicompost is not limited! Vermicompost is introduced in the spring before planting in doses of 3-5 tons per hectare. The increase in yield is: for grain crops up to 15 centners per hectare, for potatoes up to 60-80 centners per hectare, for vegetables up to 70% increase per hectare. If you increase the dose of vermicompost application, you can achieve even higher yields. At the same time, it is impossible to overfeed the soil with vermicompost! It is known that in the United Arab Emirates, where there is nothing but sand, thanks to biohumus, up to three or more crops of ecologically clean products are harvested. Thus, this country is not an importer, but an exporter of vegetables and fruits.

How much can you earn on the production of vermicompost

You can earn money in the production of vermicompost in two ways. The first direction is the actual processing of organic matter and the sale of ready-made vermicompost. The wholesale price of vermicompost by region ranges from 7,000 to 10,000 rubles per ton. The cost of production, according to the calculations of economists, is no more than 3,500 rubles (costs for heat, electricity, workers' wages, raw materials). Thus, we get a profit from one ton of 3500 - 6500 rubles. The second source of income is the sale of the California worm. The main customers are fishing shops and small wholesalers. The calculation is something like this: a box of worms 50 pieces per wholesale price costs 30-40 rubles. From one ton of organic matter in a month, you can get up to 10 thousand worms. Hence, the additional monthly income will be 6,000 - 8,000 rubles per ton.

A step-by-step plan for opening a vermicompost production

To start a business for the production of vermicompost, three components are needed: a premise, a raw material base (organic fertilizers) and california worm- the same magic organism that turns ordinary "manure" into a highly useful fertilizer called Biohumus. To reduce risks and start at a minimum cost, you can use the basement of a private house or a regular barn as a breeding room for breeding stock. The main thing is that the room is heated so that the worm does not freeze in winter. Recommended action plan for beginners: 1. Purchase a Californian worm breeding stock. There are many ads on the Internet for the sale of a worm, the average price is 1000 rubles for 2000 worms. 2. Within a year, in a warm room, increase this livestock 200 times, that is, get 400,000 worms. This can be done with the right temperature, humidity, acidity and good nutrition. California worms are hermaphrodite and multiply at such a rate that they double their population every month. 3. Then, in the summer, plant the grown worm in the prepared heap of organic matter - the process of obtaining Biohumus has been launched!

Vermicompost production technology

A common design for producing vermicompost is a shallow trays lined with bricks (or other material) with a side height of up to 30 cm. A mixture consisting of fermented manure, earth and straw cutting is placed in the trays. You can add a little lime flour to ensure the acidity of the medium in the range of 6.5-7.5 pH. The substrate is moistened to an optimum moisture content of 80%. Then Californian worms are placed in trays with a substrate based on a density of 3-5 thousand individuals per 1 m2. Ideal temperature regime for keeping worms: from +25 to +30 degrees. To maintain the humidity at the proper level, the contents of the trays are periodically watered, and the trays themselves are covered with breathable material. The full cycle of processing organic matter and converting the substrate into vermicompost takes 5 months. By this time, the population of worms has increased five ... ten times. To speed up the process of reproduction of vermiculture, it is recommended to separate adult worms from the substrate every 2 months. Thus, processing 5 tons of manure within 5 months will require about 50 thousand worms. The output of vermicompost from the total mass of the substrate will be about 50%.

Business realities and pitfalls

With the organization of the production itself, a number of problems may arise that at first glance seem to be trifles. Firstly, it is a land plot. Since the main raw material for production is organic waste, it will not work to locate the enterprise next to the housing stock. The sanitary zone is at least 300 meters, but this is the minimum. In general, it is recommended to organize the production of vermicompost on the outskirts of the settlements in order to avoid any complaints from residents. The second issue is the transportation and storage of semi-liquid organic fertilizers. How and by what means will you deliver semi-liquid manure from farms, how to remove solid inclusions, how to store manure, how to decontaminate and how to unload it from manure storages. In most cases, manure will be delivered on tractor trailers of universal value. But keep in mind that the losses with this delivery method are very large. The third question is the packaging of vermicompost. It is good if you have several regular large clients to whom you will sell large quantities of fertilizers. But in most cases, you will have to look for ways to sell vermicompost in small batches. Your clients are farms, small wholesale resellers, specialty shops, plant nurseries and flower pavilions. These clients will not be able to sell vermicompost "in bulk" - appropriate packaging is required. Most often, vermicompost is packed in polyethylene bags of 1, 5, 10 and 20 kg. To do this, you will have to purchase the appropriate filling equipment, which will result in additional costs at the start.

Raw material base

And finally, the fourth question is the availability of the same raw material base. Where will the organic matter come from if there are livestock farms in your suburb? Best of all, if these are cattle breeding enterprises. It is logical to assume that if within a radius of at least 50 km there is not a single similar enterprise, to open a business for the production of vermicompost is a pure gamble.

A step-by-step plan for starting a business for the production of vermicompost

1. Sales market analysis.
2. Drawing up a business plan
3. Equipment of containers with optimal conditions for growing worms.
4. Preparation of a heated worm breeding facility.
5. Purchase of rotted cattle manure.
6. Harvesting of dead leaves, hay, silage.
7. Purchase of worms (Californian or Vladimir).
8. Inoculation of worms in cooked manure.

How much money is needed to start a business

To start a business you will need:

• Equipment for packaging vermicompost - about 100 thousand rubles.
• Purchase of raw materials - 50 thousand rubles.
• Preparation of premises, installation of a heating system - 50 thousand rubles.
• Other expenses - 10 thousand rubles.

Initial costs can be reduced to 100-120 thousand rubles using a used line or increasing volumes gradually. It is advisable to open a business for the production of vermicompost for farmers, where there is an opportunity to save on raw materials.

Which OKVЄD to indicate during registration

• 15 - production of fertilizers and nitrogen compounds.

What documents are needed to register a business

To register a business, you need to register as an individual entrepreneur, open a bank account for non-cash payments. You can apply for an individual entrepreneur in tax office at the place of registration of the applicant, providing:

• Application in the prescribed form;
• A photocopy of your passport;
• Receipt for payment of the state fee.

Which taxation system to choose when registering

A simplified taxation system is best suited when starting a business for the production of vermicompost.

Modern people prefer to buy organic vegetables grown on the basis of vermicompost. This is a very valuable technology that helps preserve human health. In addition, it is one of the most promising and profitable destinations activities for aspiring entrepreneurs. We will talk about how to open the production of humus at home in this article.

What is vermicompost for?

Almost all fields in our country are contaminated with pesticides and various mineral fertilizers. Farmers constantly complain that crop yields are decreasing every year and, accordingly, profits are decreasing. Pests and all kinds of diseases destroy plants right at the root.

Vermicompost is an organic fertilizer with unique properties. Of course, this is not a panacea that can solve all problems, but nevertheless, such a drug provides real help. Nowadays, it is widely used in agriculture instead of chemical fertilizers for growing organic vegetables.

Business specifics

To be engaged in the production of vermicompost at home is most convenient for those people who breed cattle. In this case, the entrepreneur will not have to purchase raw materials. Californian red worms are most commonly used for the production of this organic fertilizer. They live 4 times longer than ordinary earthworms and reproduce much more actively. You can buy these amazing worms online. They can be delivered to any region of our country without any problems. Before tackling this business, you need to draw up detailed business biohumus production plan. This will help you to plan all stages of activity correctly and to organize work correctly.

Technological process

Now let's figure out where to start the production of vermicompost. First of all, you need to prepare the substrate and purchase worms. This business should be approached very responsibly. Usually, worms are purchased from specialized vermicelli farms. The genetic population must contain at least 1,500 individuals, including both young worms and cocoons. Before buying worms for vermicompost, prepare a place for them. For this, you can use compost heaps or ordinary wooden boxes. Also, read about at home.

Scheme: Vermicompost production

Traditional technology of vermicompost production consists of four stages:

1. Preparation of the nutrient substrate. Poultry droppings and cattle manure are used as compost. To improve its quality, you can add vegetable leaves, food waste, as well as a mixture of peat and lime at the rate of 20 kg per 1 ton of substrate;
2. Bookmark worms. This stage requires careful preparation and consideration. For 1 sq. 750-1500 worms are laid in a meter of compost. They are evenly distributed over the entire surface along with the nutrient substrate. Since worms do not like bright light, the pile should be covered with a dark material that does not allow air to pass through;
3. Top dressing. Ridges with worms should be loosened and watered periodically, as they are very sensitive to moisture loss. Watering is carried out with settled water, the temperature of which is 20-24 degrees. The compost in the bin is divided into three zones. The top layer is food for the worms. It should be supplemented periodically to provide them with nutrition;
4. Sample of vermicompost and worms. After the density of worms in the nutrient substrate begins to exceed the permissible limits, it becomes necessary to sample them. First, the worms are kept hungry for several days, after which a layer of food is applied to which they move. After 2-3 days, it is removed along with the worms. The procedure is repeated 3 more times within 3 weeks. The remaining vermicompost is collected with a scoop, dried a little and packed for storage.

From home production of vermicompost, you can get a stable high profit if you find sales channels in advance finished products.

Equipment

To produce organic fertilizers in larger volumes, it is necessary to purchase special equipment for the production of vermicompost. You will need composters and a mechanical sieve to sift the finished fertilizer. In addition, you need to buy scales and a special filling device.

It should be noted that the price of equipment for the production of vermicompost largely depends on the type of construction. You will have to spend approximately 50 to 125 thousand rubles. A sieve and scales will cost you 30-40 thousand rubles. You also need to purchase working equipment - shovels, carts, instruments for measuring the acidity and temperature of the soil. On this you will spend another 30-40 thousand rubles.

Sales

Before drawing up a business plan for vermicompost, it is necessary to find reliable distribution channels. The success of your enterprise largely depends on this.

Pure vermicompost is sold in bags of different sizes. In addition, worms can also be sold. They are bought by poultry farms, fishermen, pet shops, and organic fertilizer producers.

The main consumers of vermicompost are owners of personal plots, farms and flower nurseries. Large quantities of fertilizers are purchased by wholesalers for their further resale. Since the cost of vermicompost is quite affordable, this product is in great demand. There are usually no special problems with its implementation.

Financial calculations

You will have to spend 150-500 thousand rubles for the purchase of equipment and worms. In addition, you need to take into account the constant payments - workers' wages, raw materials, utility bills.

Now let's talk about income. To calculate them, you need to find out how much vermicompost costs. One kilogram of organic fertilizers is sold for 10-15 rubles. If we produce about 15 tons of vermicompost per year, the net income will be 150-200 thousand rubles. To increase profits, you can mix pure vermicompost with other substrates. Initial investment pay off in 1.5–2 years. At the same time, the profitability of the enterprise reaches 150–170%. In the future, income will only grow.

Vermicompost production

• Before setting up the production of vermicompost as a business, you should familiarize yourself with all the nuances of this area of ​​activity;
• First of all, it should be remembered that rats, moles and other rodents feed on earthworms. Therefore containers with worms should be placed in a room with hard floors and impenetrable walls;
• In addition, you should consider how you will store and transport the semi-liquid fertilizer. As a rule, tractor trailers are used for this. In addition, you should take care of the packaging. Basically, such products are purchased in small batches, so appropriate packaging will be required.

conclusions

Experts believe that the production of vermicompost by worms is a rather promising and profitable business line. Of course, in 2-3 years it will not make you a millionaire, but despite this, you can get a good profit from the sale of vermicompost. To be successful in this area, you need to constantly look for new wholesale buyers... This will help you get a positive result.

Even home-based business worth registering. It is enough to open the IP and indicate OKVED code 01.49- “Breeding of other animals”. The paperwork will take no more than $ 30-40.

Buying livestock

An ordinary earthworm can also produce fertilizer, but the Californian (prospector's worm) is better suited for production scales and quick profit. It processes the soil faster, so the first portion of humus can be obtained in a week or two.

It is best to acquire ringed ones at a worm farm. You need to buy a genetic unit: adult worms together with "young" and cocoons. Worms for the production of vermicompost are purchased in someone else's soil, and then transferred to a specially prepared substrate. The average cost of a "family" of 1500 individuals is $ 35-40.

Vermicompost production technology

You will need to organize the work in several stages.

• Soil preparation. The basis of vermicompost is chicken manure and rotted cow dung. Here we add a little lime and peat (at the rate of 200 grams per kg of substrate), food waste, vegetable cleaning, silage, hay.
• Laying the substrate in boxes. Before being introduced into the soil by prospectors, it should be “aged” a little for 5-6 days. Every two to three days, the earth is stirred and moistened with warm water. Under the influence of fermentation processes, it heats up to 45-50 degrees, and then the temperature drops to the optimum: 25-30 degrees. Then you can populate the prepared trays.
• Launch of "pets". To prevent the production of vermicompost with your own hands at the very beginning, it is worth releasing a "trial batch" (50 pieces) into the prepared soil. If they feel fine during the day, the rest are started. On average, 700-1000 pieces are needed per cubic meter. Pour them out not in one pile, but evenly distributing them over the tray. After that, the “house” is covered with a cloth to protect the “pets” from bright light.
• Top dressing. Over the next few weeks, your pets feed, reproduce, and actively recycle the soil.
• Removal of humus. When the soil density becomes too high, they will need to be planted, and then collect the vermicompost that has accumulated at the bottom of the tank.

Equipment for the production of vermicompost

The minimum set of equipment for work: containers for breeding, a sieve (mesh diameter 4-6 mm), scales, shovel, instruments for measuring the acidity and temperature of the soil. If you make "houses" with your own hands, the total cost of equipment will not exceed $ 300.

Prospectors can be raised in a special pit outside, but this is dangerous due to the penetration of ordinary worms, exposure to low temperatures and makes it difficult to collect humus. And the purchase or self-production of containers will allow you to do business all year round by adapting any room for this (garage, shed, storage room, etc.)

The vermicompost box is usually made of wood or plastic. It is possible to make a wooden one from sheets of plywood 2.5-3 cm thick. Standard dimensions of the container: 1x2x0.5 m. To prevent rodents from penetrating inside, the seams of the box should be reinforced with a tin canopy. Holes are drilled in the bottom for collecting vermicelli, set the container on low blocks at a slight slope to drain the liquid. Place a support container with a solid bottom surface under the box. The cover can also be made from a sheet of plywood with air holes.

Trays can be stacked to save space. This is a great option for making vermicompost at a dacha with minimal expenditure of money and space. For a small vermi farm, a well-ventilated area of ​​14-15 square meters is sufficient.

For breeding, you can adapt even carton boxes and an old refrigerator. They must also be installed at an angle. But the boxes will have to be changed frequently.

Californian worm care

Several content rules:

1. The ideal temperature is within + 4 ... + 40 degrees. In other conditions, animals die;
2. If the miners are kept outdoors, in winter they must be moved indoors and covered with warm material;
3. The moisture level of the compost should be 70-80%;
4. In hot weather, the soil should be regularly watered with warm, settled water;
5. Permissible acidity of the substrate: 7-8 points;
6. To maintain the necessary warmth and humidity, it is recommended to cover the boxes with straw. It allows air to pass through and maintains the right conditions.

Loosening

To make the animals "breathe" freely, loosen the compost 1-2 times a week. So there will be enough air in their "houses". Loosening is carried out with a small spatula and extremely carefully, without damaging the "tenants".

Feeding

Vermicompost production with the help of worms provides for the formation correct diet for "pets". This is almost any waste of your food activity: old tea leaves, peels and skins from vegetables and fruits (carrots, bananas, potatoes, apples, beets, etc.), moldy bread and buns, spoiled boiled vegetables and overstayed cooked cereals.

The top layer of compost is the food of the miners. It should be renewed every 10 days, applying top dressing with a layer of 5-6 centimeters. For the first month and a half, annelids adapt to the new habitat and eat little, then they adapt and begin to reproduce. The temperature is set at an optimal level of + 24 ... + 25 degrees. Increase feeding during this period. Check regularly how much nutrient substrate is left on the surface.

Collecting vermicompost

Approximately in three to four months the preparation of vermicompost ends - the "residents" process all the nutrient soil in the container. Before sampling, they are forced to starve a little, and then a 5-7 cm layer of food is introduced on the surface of the earth. Hungry individuals gradually move into it. After a few days, this layer is removed together with the "tenants". The procedure should be repeated 2-3 times in order to select all the livestock together with the young that have just emerged from their cocoons.

At the bottom of the "substrate" under the tray, liquid vermicelli is collected, and the remaining contents of the container after the eviction of the "pets" is sifted through a sieve, dried, and packaged.

There is a little trick on how to collect valuable fertilizer even easier. Initially, you need an empty box with a solid bottom, in which you put another container with a perforated bottom and populate the livestock in it. When the soil in the second container is processed, place the next container with a slatted bottom with a good layer of top dressing in the second box. Hungry annelids will completely move upstairs within a week, and you will have ready-made humus.

A family of 1,500 individuals produces about 2 tons of humus in four months. And after so much time there will be much more of them. This will increase the volume of production or sell "extra" for breeding or fishing.

Sales

The finished product should be sold to wholesale resellers or directly to farm owners and land plots, flower farms. Average price of a ton - 170-190 $... The offspring should be offered to pet shops, fishermen, poultry farms, organic fertilizer companies. One individual costs approximately $ 0.02.

Costs and Benefits

To organize the receipt of vermicompost at home, you will need to invest up to $ 400 in the business. The costs pay off in the first year of operation. Having purchased a family of 1,500 heads, it is actually possible to produce 8-9 tons per year (earnings - about $ 1,500) Keeping the total number within 2000 pieces, sell the rest. This will bring additional income of $ 100-150 per year. Total annual revenue is around $ 1600, net profit is $ 1200.

If we consider the production of vermicompost as, then on a small scale it will rather be a simple part-time job. To receive from $ 500 per month, it is necessary to increase the livestock to at least 10,000 annelids.

It's amazing what people are not trying to make money on! Business ideas have no restrictions on the freedom of creativity. It turns out that business is also a kind of creative process, and it can be fun. Especially when the profit from it becomes tangible and pleasantly falls into your pocket.

Have you tried to make money by breeding worms? Well, wow, little idea! However, there are those who wish, and such a business idea not only exists as an idea, but has already been implemented. In Russia, the idea of ​​such a business has appeared recently, although in Western countries worms have long been grown on an industrial scale and with their help they get new environmentally friendly fertilizers.

What can a worm be useful for, how can you benefit from it? The first thought that comes to mind is for fishing. Well, yes, you can breed worms and sell them to amateur fishermen. But in this case, the worms will be in demand only in the summer, they are unlikely to be sold in large quantities, it is necessary to come up with a more useful application for the worms. And there is such an application, this industry is agriculture.

What is vermicompost?

Biohumus (or vermicompost) is an organic fertilizer that is obtained as a result of the processing of waste by earthworms. Therefore, it does not contain any harmful chemical elements and fully meets all environmental requirements.

To obtain vermicompost, you will need rotten manure, hay or silage, rotten leaves, and other organic waste. First, all this mass must be properly rotted, then worms are launched into it for processing. Californian worms are best suited for recycling (they multiply faster), but our regular ones will do too.

In our agriculture, vermicompost is used mainly for growing vegetables in greenhouses, fertilizer is also suitable for strawberries. At the same time, the yield increase increases on average from 30 to 45%. And what is interesting, it matures ecologically pure product, since compost is the result of processing only organic waste, and there is no chemistry in it.

Humus production as a business

If you take the humus production business as a basis, then you can make good money on this. With initial small volumes of product large investments will not be required. But, frankly speaking, this business is not simple and not fast.

It should be noted right away that humus production is typical rural business, and in urban conditions it will not work to do such a thing. You need a piece of land on which the compost will ripen, preferably away from annoying neighbors and the bustle of the city. There is also an unpleasant moment in this matter - it is unlikely that when decaying, raw materials for humus will smell pleasant.

To start this type of activity, you need to prepare the ground for processing. With a small production, you can use your own garden. A wooden box should be built for the compost. Organic waste needs warmth, and if the compost is going to ripen in winter, it needs a warm shed with a good floor heating. Of course, compost matures better in summer.

It can take a lot of time to ripen raw materials for humus. The ripening rate is influenced by the composition of its mass. You should not use old manure in the compost - it is unlikely to rot. To speed up the process, the mass is regularly moistened and covered with dry leaves. Well-shredded waste ripens faster.

By the time the compost mass is ripe, the worms need to be prepared. You can dig up worms in the garden, but this option is hardly suitable - such worms will not reproduce well and live in a dung environment. It is better to buy Californian worms, the number of which can increase significantly in a fairly short time. In addition, the habitat in the mass of organic humus is familiar to them. To transport worms, you will need wooden or metal boxes.

The worms are launched into the finished compost, and they process the humus mass. New compost should be added periodically as it is recycled. As a result of processing, vermicompost is obtained, which is packaged in bags before being sold. It is better to pack the fertilizer in different volumes - it is convenient to sell packages up to 5-6 kilograms at retail, large packages are advisable to sell to wholesalers.

You can sell not only ready-made vermicompost, but also surplus worms, since they reproduce quickly, and so many of them are no longer required to process compost. It turns out an additional bonus - profit from vermicompost and worms. Although, if we increase production, worms will be needed in new areas.

In the production of vermicompost, it is important to correctly market your products. Vermicompost is willingly bought and taken for sale by shops, gardeners for their summer cottages, greenhouses. Poultry farms willingly buy worms. There is evidence that chickens that feed on worms gain about 20% in weight. Large companies for the production of humus, they even cooperate with abroad - in Asian regions on the sands the crop grows poorly, but biohumus allows you to increase it several times. For example, in the United Arab Emirates, artificial soil is created on sand with the help of humus. With abundant irrigation, this soil gives several harvests a year!

The production of humus is considered a profitable business, but its payback period is not short. In general, this is understandable: the compost matures from several months to six months, then you need to wait until the worms turn the raw material into final product... If production volumes are small, you can expect profits for about a year. But it is reassuring that the initial investment is small. Many novice entrepreneurs in this business are farmers, and they undertake to deal with the production of humus in parallel.

In the production of vermicompost at the initial stage, practically no additional work force, the farmer is likely to handle everything himself.

The biohumus business is not easy. You need to love the work associated with the land, have patience. But there are many successful enterprises that have built a successful business on this. And only a great desire to achieve success will lead to a good result.

In the early 2000s, at the suggestion of the Kovrov company NPO Green-Peak, the idea of ​​producing vermicompost as a business with huge profitability and small start-up capital, began to spread throughout Russia.

What is vermicompost?

An organic fertilizer produced by earthworms.

This already innovative definition guaranteed the interest of summer residents, gardeners, farmers, and other enterprising citizens.

300% profitability! Business from scratch! Guaranteed sales! Hundreds of beginners and experienced entrepreneurs couldn't help but rush to this.

But 10 years have passed since the first successes of the Green Peak company. Vermicompost production technology, earthworms called "technological", vermicompost itself and aqueous preparations based on it - this is an incomplete list of its products.

During this time, more than 600 entrepreneurs and individuals have been trained in this technology in the company. The technology price has increased 10 times compared to 2002. Training costs money, but this does not stop those wishing to receive the proud title of "specialist in vermicultivation".

But is everything as smooth as the leaders of Green Peak promise in the face of general director Konin Sergey Stepanovich?

Particularly interesting is the business plan for the production of vermicompost, posted on the official website of the company.

It is with him that we will begin to identify myths and discover the reality of vermicompost production in Russia.

The mythical profitability of vermicompost production

If you look at the website of NPO Green Peak, then you may come across a Technological and economic calculation for the production of vermicompost per 1000 m² of heated area.
At the end of this document, you will see startling numbers.
You are promised that after a year of work you will have finished products worth 3 million rubles, and the costs will not exceed 500 thousand rubles.

This is taking into account the fact that 1000 m² of premises you will heat, re-equip, pay wages to workers. And spend half of this amount on purchasing a worm.

250 tons of produced vermicompost, which you will sell for 12 rubles. per kg, will recoup all your costs and allow you to make a profit of 2.5 million rubles.

How is profitability calculated?

This is the ratio of the amount of profit to the amount of production and marketing costs. How many rubles of profit will we receive from each ruble of our costs for production and commercial expenses.

In this case, we get about 5 rubles per 1 ruble invested. And this is from the realm of fantasy. This already looks more like a scam than a real and serious business plan.

Is it all that important?

Is the production up to date?

It makes no sense to say that the production of organic fertilizers in our country is correct and desired view activities.
Our fields are depleted and polluted with mineral fertilizers and pesticides. The yield falls every year.

Even summer residents and gardeners complain that nothing is growing, that the harvests are not the same, and that diseases and pests are destroying everything in the bud.

In this situation, vermicompost, as a natural organic fertilizer with unique properties, as well as water preparations based on it, can really help.

But this is not a panacea. This is just part of the package.

But there are enterprising businessmen who sell a fairy tale, a dream. And in fact, they only make money, creating the illusion of a solution to all problems.

"Open your own business and get 5 rubles from each ruble invested."

"Tomatoes do not grow - a rash of 200 grams of humus per hole."

“Pests have started - water extracts from biohumus will not only protect the plants, but also increase the yield”.

Buy, apply, experiment. But don't expect instant overwhelming results. Do not count on millions of dollars in profits that are not backed by rigorous calculations.

Myth No. 1. Is it realistic to produce 250 tons of humus per 1000 m2 per year?

In principle, this is real. And even more. But the crux of the matter is different. Can this be done in the first year of operation? This is assuming you need:

1. Prepare raw materials for the preparation of nutrient substrate. It should be rotted manure with a six-month exposure.

2. Prepare a room for the settlement of worms.

In a rented or purchased barn, these are just:

• pour concrete on the floor so that there is a flat surface for the ridges;
• brick the windows so that the heat does not blow out in winter;
• make the suspended ceiling as low as possible for the same reason;
• access roads, repair of internal premises, division of premises into working zones for drying raw vermicompost, crushing dry humus, packing;
• prepare storage facilities where you will store it until spring.

Yes. Only…

3. Bring and populate the worms in the ridges.

And this is provided that you already have working water supply and heating systems. You can imagine how much work.

One year out production process you throw it away. Let it be six months. There remains six months for the worm to populate the ridges, and the beginning of the production process.

If out of 1000 m² only 400 m² is allocated for ridges, then when a million individuals populate in six months, you will receive only 100 tons of humus. And then, it will be humus in the ridges.

It still needs to be dried, which is impossible without warm floors and passed through a crushing apparatus. Will you pack it up with pieces of earth?

Iridescent vistas dissipate like a cloud.

Myth # 2. Cost Reality

How much should we have invested there? 500 thousand rubles?

The real numbers for the first year are as follows:

- Acquisition of land and premises (barn) - 2-3 million rubles (the higher the price, the less then invest in repairs).

- Carrying out repair work and re-equipment of the barn - at least a million rubles.

Lot? Count underfloor heating in the drying area, suspended ceiling, arrangement of driveways for the possibility of driving in for trucks, heating systems, water supply, floor filling, dividing the common room into work areas. Maybe a million is enough.

- Purchase of 500 tons of manure for a year of work. Its delivery.

Hence the consequence that production must be located either side by side or in conjunction with a dairy farm, where manure is always in abundance.

- Worms. A million pieces is about 200 thousand rubles, excluding delivery.

- Inventory (wheelbarrows, shovels, buckets, thermometers, meters of soil moisture, acidity).

- Equipment for packing, separating, crushing humus.

- At least one tractor with blade and trailer. Or are you going to shovel 500 tons of manure by hand?

- 6 workers for the production of humus and maintenance of equipment. Apart from the management staff. This is if you yourself will lead and be engaged in sales.

What? Did I hear it? Someone talked about 500 thousand rubles of production costs per year?

Just calculate your salary. Just half a million will come out.

Myth number 3. Profitability 300%

Okay, let's not take investment costs into account.
But your expenses of 500 thousand rubles a year will not be in any way! This is just a salary plus taxes on it.

But other? And what about raw materials, what about heating, and what about water?

Real costs for production activities make up about one and a half to two million rubles a year. This is real data from a similar production located in the Rostov region. Even the volume and number of personnel, too.

The main expense item, in addition to wages there is heating, raw materials, electricity. It is not so easy to create even a temperature of 15 degrees in a room with an area of ​​1000 m2 in winter at minus 20 degrees outside.

Accordingly, with a production volume of 250 tons and a price of 10 rubles per kg, we will receive only 500 thousand rubles of profit.

The production of 400 tons of humus in the same area will not cost you much more.

Therefore, producing 350-400 tons per year, which is quite realistic on an area of ​​400 m2 of ridges, we will receive goods for 3.5-4 million rubles, at prices of 10 rubles per kg.

And this will already allow you, as an entrepreneur, to receive a good annual income. Product profitability will be up to 100%, which is quite good. But there is still the most important question ahead!

TO WHOM and FOR HOW MUCH to sell our vermicompost?

Myth number 4. The reality of prices and sales

Everything can be taken into account, everything production works execute, observe the technology to the smallest detail. But to whom to sell?

And we have to return to earth from the clouds and myths about unrealistic profitability and super-profits.

And the reality is that biohumus is needed by hundreds of farmers, thousands of summer residents and gardeners all over Russia. Needed like air, you might say so. But not at the price that would make you super profitable.

In Moscow, a kilogram of humus in stores costs 25 rubles. The solvency of the residents of the capital allows them to buy several hundred kg per season for their summer cottages at this price.

In the regions, even 10 rubles per kg is too high a price that the majority are unable to pay.

You can invest hundreds of thousands of rubles in packaging, advertising. Try to negotiate with wholesale stores and supermarkets. Drive around all farms and greenhouses. But vermicompost will not be sold and bought in large quantities in Russia soon.

Summer residents, gardeners, gardeners, farmers, and even managers greenhouses and nurseries are not ready to buy vermicompost.
They lack information on effectiveness. They don't know what it is. Technologies for growing various crops are not adapted to the use of biohumus.

It will be extremely difficult to organize sales.

What to do?

How to produce vermicompost in Russia, and is it necessary to do it?

It is necessary, if only because this is an excellent way to rid the country of millions of tons of organic waste that accumulate annually on farms, in subsidiary plots.

But how do you do it?

In complex. This is one of the best options.

If you have a rabbit farm, rabbit droppings can be food for worms.

The worms themselves are great merchandise to sell to fishermen. The remaining humus can be used in a utility area or packaged in bags and try to sell.

Read the article: "Breeding worms for fishing"

Start with neighbors, acquaintances. If there is demand, then you can think about expansion.

But the owners and managers of farms and collective farms, especially those who have at least some livestock of cattle, receive a special advantage.

Recycling huge quantities manure, which simply rotates on farms and is not always used even to fertilize their own fields, farmers and collective farmers receive invaluable fertilizer, which is much more effective than manure.

But it is even more efficient and profitable to make water extracts from vermicompost even at home. Their use for foliar feeding can not only reduce the damage to plants by pests, but also increase productivity.

At the same time, the cost of fertilizers is reduced significantly!

After all, you don't have to pay for expensive chemicals. All his own. Cost only. And it is 5 times lower than the cost of mineral fertilizers.

It turns out that economic efficiency farms can be multiplied by the introduction of technologies for processing organic waste with earthworms. And this is already a question of the survival of all farming and Agriculture country.

But there is no need to count on the fact that tomorrow, having engaged in the production of vermicompost, in 2-3 years you will become a millionaire. Don't blindly believe all the promises and gimmicks.

Research the market and look for wholesale buyers among farmers and greenhouse managers.

Your efforts will be crowned with success only when you understand the needs of your customers. And if his only need is to reduce the cost of producing 1 kg of tomatoes, then why does he need you with your vermicompost? After all, this is not a cheap product.

But if you can convince the manufacturer that the soil recovered with vermicompost will require half or three times less chemical fertilizers, then you have a chance to succeed in such a matter as the production of vermicompost and liquid organic fertilizers based on it.

Good luck to your business!