Oil production and processing companies. Oil production in Russia

Russia, one of the world leaders in oil production, has serious capacities for the production of refined products of "black gold". The plants produce fuel, oil and petrochemical products, while the total annual production of gasoline, diesel fuel and heating oil reaches tens of millions of tons.

The scale of Russian oil refining

Currently, 32 large oil refineries and 80 more mini-enterprises are also operating in this industry in Russia. The total capacity of the country's refineries provides the possibility of processing 270 million tons of raw materials. We present to your attention the top 10 oil refineries in terms of installed production capacity. The enterprises included in the list belong to both state and private oil companies.

1. Gazpromneft-ONPZ (20.89 million tons)

The Gazpromneft-ONPZ enterprise is better known as the Omsk Oil Refinery. The plant is owned by Gazprom Neft (Gazprom's structure). The decision to build the enterprise was made in 1949, the plant was launched in 1955. The installed capacity reaches 20.89 million tons, the depth of processing (the ratio of the volume of raw materials to the number of products produced) is 91.5%. In 2016, the Omsk Refinery processed 20.5 million tons of oil. Pronedra wrote earlier that the actual processing at the refinery in 2016 decreased compared to the level of 2015.

Last year, 4.7 million tons of gasoline and 6.5 million tons of diesel fuel were produced. In addition to fuel, the plant produces bitumen, coke, acids, tar and other products. Over the past few years, due to the modernization of facilities, the enterprise has reduced the amount of emissions into the atmosphere by 36%, by 2020 it is planned to reduce the degree of harmful impact on the environment by another 28%. In total, over the past 20 years, the amount of emissions has decreased five times.

2. Kirishinefteorgsintez (20.1 million tons)

The Kirishi Oil Refinery (Kirishinefteorgsintez, an enterprise of Surgutneftegaz) with a capacity of 20.1 million tons is located in the city of Kirishi, Leningrad Region. Commissioning took place in 1966. In fact, on average, it processes more than 17 million tons of oil with a depth of 54.8%. In addition to fuels and lubricants, it produces ammonia, bitumen, solvents, gases, xylenes. According to the company, in recent years, according to the results of the analysis of 2.4 thousand samples, no excesses of the standards for emissions of harmful substances into the atmospheric air have been identified. No environmental violations were found within the control points of the sanitary protection zone of the complex.

3. Ryazan Oil Refining Company (18.8 million tons)

The largest refinery of Rosneft with a capacity of 18.8 million tons - the Ryazan Oil Refining Company (until 2002 - the Ryazan Oil Refinery) - produces gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, boiler fuel, bitumen for the construction and road industries. The company started operating in 1960. Last year, the plant processed 16.2 million tons of raw materials with a depth of 68.6%, while producing 15.66 million tons of products, including 3.42 million tons of gasoline, 3.75 million tons of diesel fuel and 4.92 million tons fuel oil. In 2014, an environmental research center began operating at the enterprise. There are also five environmental laboratories. Harmful emissions have been measured since 1961.

4. Lukoil-Nizhegorodnefteorgsintez (17 million tons)

One of the leaders in domestic oil refining, the Lukoil-Nizhegorodnefteorgsintez enterprise (owner - Lukoil), is located in the city of Kstovo, Nizhny Novgorod Region. The enterprise, whose capacity currently reaches 17 million tons, was opened in 1958 and received the name Novogorkovsky Oil Refinery.

The refinery produces about 70 types of products, including gasoline and diesel fuel, aviation fuel, paraffins and oil bitumen. Lukoil-Nizhegorodnefteorgsintez is the only company in Russia that produces hard-type edible paraffins. The processing depth reaches 75%. The plant has an ecological laboratory, which includes two mobile complexes. As part of the "Clean Air" program, the plant's tanks are equipped with pontoons to reduce the amount of hydrocarbon emissions into the atmosphere by dozens of times. Over the past ten years, the average indicators of environmental pollution have decreased by a factor of three.

5. Lukoil-Volgogradneftepererabotka (15.7 million tons)

The Volgograd (Stalingrad) refinery, launched in 1957, became part of the Lukoil company in 1991 and received a new name - Lukoil-Volgogradneftepererabotka. The plant's capacity is 15.7 million tons, the actual capacity is 12.6 million tons with a processing depth of 93%. Now the company produces about seven dozen types of refined products, including motor gasoline, diesel fuel, liquefied gases, bitumen, oils, cokes and gas oils. According to Lukoil, thanks to the implementation of the environmental safety program, gross emissions were reduced by 44%.

6. Slavneft-Yaroslavnefteorgsintez (15 million tons)

The Novo-Yaroslavl Oil Refinery (currently Slavneft-YANOS, jointly owned by Gazprom and Slavneft) began operating in 1961. The current installed capacity of the plant is 15 million tons of raw materials, the processing depth is 66%. The enterprise is engaged in the production of motor gasolines, diesel fuel, fuel used in jet engines, a wide range of oils, bitumen, waxes, paraffins, aromatic hydrocarbons, fuel oil and liquefied gases. Over the past 11 years, Slavneft-Yaroslavnefteorgsintez has significantly improved the quality of its industrial effluents. The amount of waste accumulated before has decreased by 3.5 times, and the volume of polluting emissions into the atmosphere - by 1.4 times.

7. Lukoil-Permnefteorgsintez (13.1 million tons)

In 1958, the Perm Oil Refinery was put into operation. Later, it received such names as the Perm Oil Refinery, Permnefteorgsintez, and as a result, after becoming the property of Lukoil, it was renamed Lukoil-Permnefteorgsintez. The capacity of the enterprise with a depth of processing of raw materials of 88% reaches 13.1 million tons. Lukoil-Permnefteorgsintez produces a wide range of products, including dozens of items - gasoline, diesel fuel, fuel for jet power plants, gas oils, toluene, benzene, liquefied hydrocarbon gases, sulfur, acids and petroleum cokes.

According to the assurances of the plant's management, the enterprise is actively implementing measures that make it possible to exclude emissions of polluting components into the environment in excess of the regulatory limits. All types of oily waste are disposed of using special modern equipment. Last year, the plant won the competition "Leader of Environmental Protection in Russia".

8. Gazprom Neft - Moscow Refinery (12.15 million tons)

The Moscow Oil Refinery (owned by Gazprom Neft), which currently meets 34% of the needs of the Russian capital in oil products, was built in 1938. The plant's capacity reaches 12.15 million tons with a processing depth of 75%. The plant is mainly engaged in the fuel segment - it produces motor fuel, but additionally produces bitumen. Liquefied gases for domestic and communal needs, fuel oil are also produced. According to Gazpromneft-Moscow Refinery, the company's environmental management system complies with international standards.

However, since 2014, the plant has repeatedly been in the spotlight due to hydrogen sulfide emissions into the atmospheric air of Moscow. Although, according to the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the mentioned oil refinery really turned out to be the source of pollution, the corresponding official charges were not brought, and another three dozen industrial facilities located in the city fell under suspicion. In 2017, representatives of the Moscow Refinery reported that there were no excesses in pollutant emissions on the territory of the enterprise. Recall that the Moscow mayor's office announced the launch of a monitoring system for plant emissions.

9. RN-Tuapse Refinery (12 million tons)

The RN-Tuapse Refinery is the oldest oil refinery in Russia. It was built in 1929. The uniqueness of the enterprise also lies in the fact that it is the only refinery in the country located on the Black Sea coast. The owner of the RN-Tuapse Refinery is Rosneft Corporation. The plant's capacity is 12 million tons (in fact, 8.6 million tons of raw materials are processed per year), the processing depth is up to 54%. The main range of manufactured products is gasoline, including technological, diesel fuel, kerosene for lighting purposes, fuel oil and liquefied gas. According to the administration of the plant, the refinery managed to halve the amount of polluting emissions into the atmosphere in a short time. Also, the quality of effluents has been brought to the level of fishery reservoirs of the first category.

10. Angarsk Petrochemical Company (10.2 million tons)

In Angarsk, Irkutsk Region, the production facilities of the Angarsk Petrochemical Company, which specializes in oil refining, are located. The complex includes an oil refinery, chemical units, as well as a plant for the production of oils. Installed capacity - 10.2 million tons, processing depth - 73.8%. The complex was launched in 1945 as an enterprise for the production of liquid coal fuel, and in 1953 the first petrochemical facilities were put into operation. Now the company produces gasoline, diesel fuel, kerosene for aircraft, alcohols, fuel oil, sulfuric acid, and oils. As part of the implementation of environmental safety measures, closed flares have been installed to neutralize waste gases, and a recycling water supply system is being built.

Leaders in oil refining: top regions and companies

If we talk about the Russian oil refining industry as a whole, then it is characterized by a large (up to 90%) degree of consolidation. The plants mainly operate as part of vertically integrated companies.

Most of the existing oil refineries in Russia were built back in the Soviet period. The distribution of oil refineries by region was carried out according to two principles - proximity to deposits of raw materials and in accordance with the need to supply fuels and lubricants and petrochemical products to specific regions of the RSFSR, or to neighboring republics of the USSR. These factors predetermined the picture of the location of oil refining capacities on the territory of the modern Russian state.

The current stage of development of the domestic processing of "black gold" is characterized not only by an increase in capacity, but also by a total modernization of production. The latter enables Russian companies both to improve the quality of products to the level of the most stringent international standards, and to increase the depth of processing of raw materials, as well as to minimize the negative impact on the environment.

1. Lukoil

Revenue 4740.2 billion rubles. (US GAAP)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Vagit Alekperov

Number of employees: 110 300

Net debt: RUB 406.3 billion

Net profit: RUB 181.96 billion

Capitalization: $30.5 billion

Oil and gas

In the mid-2000s, Lukoil was the largest oil company in Russia in terms of production, after the defeat of Yukos, Vagit Alekperov's company held the lead for two years, but when the state-owned Rosneft bought most of the bankrupt's assets, Lukoil became second. Among the world's private oil and gas companies, Lukoil ranks first in terms of proven oil reserves (1% of world hydrocarbon reserves) and second in terms of production (more than 2% of world production). The main resource base is Western Siberia, recently Lukoil began production at the Imilorskoye field, one of the largest in the region. In total, in 2014, Lukoil discovered 14 new fields, which was the company's best result over the past 10 years. Lukoil was in many ways a pioneer of the Russian oil industry. He was the first to work on the shelf, having implemented large projects in the Caspian, Baltic and Barents Seas. By decision of the government in 2008, only Rosneft and Gazprom were allowed to develop new fields on the shelf. Since then, Lukoil has been lobbying for a revision of this norm. In 2015, Rosneft and Lukoil clashed in a fierce battle for the onshore part of the East Taimyr shelf. In August, Rosneft began to challenge the results of the competition through the courts, in which Lukoil won. So far, the court has blocked the transfer of the license to Lukoil. The disputed area is partly located on land, partly captures transit waters and partly goes to the shelf.

Lukoil, along with other domestic companies, suffered from sectoral sanctions, and projects for shale oil fields of the Bazhenov Suite were hit. After the suspension of cooperation with the French Total, Lukoil had to continue its work on its own.

Lukoil was the first Russian company to go abroad. About a third of capital expenditures now fall on foreign projects that the company is implementing in more than 40 countries around the world. The company faced difficulties outside of Russia, at the end of 2014 Lukoil recognized a $104 million loss from depreciation of assets in Ukraine, and in July 2015 the Romanian prosecutor's office opened proceedings against six top managers of Petrotel Lukoil subsidiaries (owns a refinery in Romania ) and Lukoil Europe Holdings, accusing them of money fraud and damage to the country's economy. The court of Romania, at the suit of the prosecutor's office, seized the property and accounts of Lukoil for a total amount of about € 2 billion. Lukoil came to Romania back in 1998. The plant's capacity is 2.4 million tons, the enterprise provides about 1,000 jobs and is one of the largest in the region. Lukoil has been present in Europe for 17 years. There are four refineries and a network of filling stations in the EU countries. The total amount of European assets is estimated at $9 billion.

2. Surgutneftegaz

Revenue RUB 890.57 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Surgut

CEO: Vladimir Bogdanov

Number of employees: 115,507

Net debt: minus 1.9 trillion rubles.

Net profit: RUB 884.8 billion

Capitalization: 1.5 trillion rubles.

Oil and gas

400 billion rubles by so much the volume of deposits in the bank accounts of Surgutneftegaz exceeds its capitalization

Surgutneftegaz is one of the largest Russian vertically integrated oil and gas companies and ranks third in terms of production in Russia (61.4 mmt). It accounts for about 12% of oil production and about 7% of refining volumes. According to the company's estimates, recoverable oil and gas reserves are about 2.5 billion tons of oil equivalent. Surgutneftegaz is the most closed and conservative company in the domestic oil and gas industry. She does not disclose the final ownership structure. OJSC “Surgutneftegas” was founded on the basis of the property complex of the production association of the same name in 1993. In 2002, investors learned from a US GAAP report that the company's balance sheet held about 40% of treasury shares. This was followed by a series of proceedings: minority shareholders demanded that the treasury stake, as required by law, be paid off. This was not achieved, and the next time the company reported according to international standards only for 2012 - after the entry into force of the law obliging Russian public companies to publish financial statements in accordance with IFRS.

The owners of a controlling stake can hide behind several dozen legal entities connected with each other (financial investments in the shares of an oil company on their balance sheet change from year to year in proportion to the value of Surgut's securities). At least some of them were established by decisions of the board of directors of Surgutneftegaz itself (Forbes had the opportunity to study these documents), but it is not clear who owns these structures now. Surgut's secrets are guarded by General Director Vladimir Bogdanov, who has headed the company since 1984, when it was still a Soviet production association.

Surgutneftegaz is one of the richest Russian companies, with about $32 billion in bank accounts (mostly in dollars). The company sells $1.5 billion worth of currency every month to pay contractors. Over the past year, the amount of funds on deposits increased by 45%, to 1.9 trillion rubles, and the amount of interest received on deposits amounted to 58.3 billion rubles. Due to the revaluation of foreign exchange assets, the net profit of Surgutneftegaz (according to IFRS) increased by almost 3.2 times, to 884.8 billion rubles. The company has no debt, and Surgut is in no hurry to spend its trillion-dollar reserve. At the annual meeting of shareholders, Bogdanov said that the company had no plans for purchases. Surgutneftegaz is one of the most generous in the industry. As a rule, it pays shareholders about 20% of RAS net income. The total amount of dividend payments in 2014 amounted to 86 billion rubles, twice as much as a year earlier.

3. Magnet

Revenue RUB 763.5 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Krasnodar

CEO: Sergey Galitsky

Number of employees: 257,551

Net profit: RUB 47.7 billion

EBITDA: RUB 85.9 billion

Net margin: 6.25%

Capitalization: $22.6 billion (LSE)

Trade

479 million people — growth in the number of Magnit buyers in 2014

“Sorry for another ugly game,” billionaire Sergey Galitsky wrote on his Twitter after the match between the Krasnodar football club he created in 2008 and the Kuban ended in a draw. In the microblog, the founder and CEO of Magnit personally commented on the sensational death of the blockade woman, who was detained by the guards of the store in Kronstadt, accusing her of stealing butter. The old woman died at the police station on February 3, this story made a lot of noise. But it practically did not affect the interest in Magnit shares - two days later Sergey Galitsky sold 1% of the network's shares (1 million shares) for 9.8 billion rubles, Russian investors bought 20% of the placement.

The financial statements for 2014 are impressive. For the retailer, whose stores, according to Knight Frank's study, were the most budgetary in Moscow, the worsening economic environment means an influx of customers. According to the results of 2014, traffic in general for the stores of the network (Magnit has four different formats) increased by 4.47%.

The company's revenue increased by 31.71% during the year, which was due not only to an increase in selling space, but also to a 14.47% increase in like-for-like sales (including VAT). The total area increased by 19.24% to 3.6 million square meters. m (in 2014, 1618 new stores were opened).

Magnit is the market leader not only in terms of the number of stores and revenue, but also in terms of efficiency. The company continues to improve logistics - five new distribution centers were opened during the year (27 in total), the fleet grew by 361 vehicles (total 5938). 86% of goods reach stores through their own distribution centers, which provides the company with a high gross margin for the industry - 28.88%.

In the summer of 2015, Magnit became the only Russian company in the ranking of the most innovative companies in the world, compiled by the American Forbes. The innovativeness assessment method relies on the intuition of investors who choose business models that can sustainably increase profits in the future. In the case of Magnit, the "innovation premium" - the difference between capitalization and discounted cash flow from an existing business - is 57.9% (the retailer ranked 23rd in the ranking; the leader in the list Tesla - 84.82%).

Galitsky uses innovations not only in retail. The FC Krasnodar stadium under construction is covered by a special cable-stayed roof, and the spectator stands are equipped with an infrared heating system. Construction, which started in 2013, requires a lot of money.

Galitsky did not comment on why he sold shares in May. The company explained that the proceeds would be used to "finance an investment project." Most likely, just for the completion of the stadium for 33,000 spectators. According to the plan, the first game on it should take place in October 2015.

4. VimpelCom

Revenue RUB 757.6 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Amsterdam

CEO: Jean-Yves Charlier

Number of employees: 56,024

EBITDA: RUB 307.6 billion

Net loss: RUB 26.8 billion

Capitalization: $8.3 billion (NASDAQ)

Telecommunications

63% drop in VimpelCom shares on the NASDAQ since the beginning of 2014

Vimpelcom brings together telecom operators in 14 countries. The company has the most subscribers in Russia - 57.2 million people, followed by Pakistan (38.5 million) and Bangladesh (30.2 million) in second and third places in terms of the number of subscribers. The total number of subscribers is 222 million, the growth compared to 2013 was 2.3%, which is less than in 2013, then the increase was 3.8%.

In April 2015, Vimpelcom, which since the early 2000s has been controlled by Mikhail Fridman's Alfa Group (owns 56.2%), was replaced by the chief managing director - Jean-Yves Charlier took this post instead of Joe Lunder. Lunder has led Vimpelcom since 2011 and has been with the company since 1999. The second major shareholder - the Norwegian Telenor (owns about 33%) - was dissatisfied with the operational and financial results of Vimpelcom. However, representatives of Vimpelcom stated that Lunder left of his own accord and this was not related to the situation in the company. Jean-Yves Charlier is also from the telecommunications industry, having previously headed the second largest telecom operator in France, SFR.

Most of Vimpelcom's revenue comes from Russia, but the Russian "daughter" has recently been a problematic asset: revenue has been falling every quarter, lagging behind the other two largest telecom operators, MTS and MegaFon, in terms of the number of subscribers has grown. However, at the end of 2014, the situation finally managed to stabilize - revenue did not fall in the last quarter and the first quarter of 2015, although at the end of 2014 it decreased by 3%, to 282 billion rubles. At the same time, analysts consider even the zero growth of the Russian VimpelCom a positive trend.

In 2014, Russian Vimpelcom's revenues from mobile Internet services grew by 20%, to RUB 38 billion, while revenues from voice communications grew by only 16%. The company's report says that the volume of traffic per subscriber in Russia has doubled in a year. However, according to this indicator, Russia is only in second place - Italy is in the lead.

As in the previous year, in 2014 Vimpelcom reduced staff: the number of employees decreased by 1818 people, which is 3.1%. Most of the reductions affected the countries of Africa and Asia - there the staff decreased by 1843 people, and in Russia the number of employees, on the contrary, increased by more than 1000 people.

5. X5 Retail Group

Revenue 633.9 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

Chief Executive Officer: Stéphane Ducharme

Number of employees: 117,400

Net debt: RUB 105.4 billion

Net profit: RUB 12.7 billion

EBITDA: RUB 45.9 billion

Capitalization: $4.5 billion (LSE)

Trade

5% of the company's revenue came from products that were embargoed in August 2014

Frenchman Stéphane Ducharme, who has headed X5 since 2013, learned Russian in the early 1990s while working at the EBRD. At the same time, he first immersed himself in studying the business plan of Mikhail Fridman's retail chain: in 1994, the newly created Perekrestok received a $40 million loan from the EBRD. He received an offer to head the retail project when X5, which now includes the Pyaterochka chains ( 69% of the group's total revenue), Perekrestok (18% of revenue), Karusel (11%) and Perekrestok-Express (2%) experienced management problems, losing profits, customers and market leadership. Ducharme immediately began the transformation. As a result, retail sales grew by 18.6% in 2014, the highest growth rate in the last five years.

During the year, 460 Pyaterochka stores were reconstructed according to the new standards, after opening comparable sales for each increased by an average of 25.5%. Pyaterochka's growth figures also turned out to be record-breaking: the number of stores increased by 23% over the year (total of 4,789), and retail space increased by 24%.

Changed and "Crossroads" with "Carousel". The renovation of hypermarkets - interiors, navigation, assortment, employee motivation - gave good dynamics: sales growth after opening compared to the previous year from 14% to 84%, an increase in the number of visits - from 8% to 51%. In general, the growth of attendance in the company in comparison with 2013 amounted to 10%. There is also a restructuring of the logistics system. To improve the quality of service, distribution centers are now divided by format: some work for discounters, others for supermarkets with hypermarkets.

In 2015, the company acquired five regional companies, which will significantly increase the number of stores: during the August transaction alone, X5 acquired 104 stores of the Rosinka group of companies in the Oryol, Voronezh, Lipetsk, Kursk and Tambov regions. In addition, since August 2014, Voentorg-Pyaterochka stores have been opened in military camps together with Voentorg. And in March 2015, an agreement was signed with Rostelecom on the redevelopment of real estate vacated due to the development of new communication technologies - in total, Pyaterochka will receive about 300 premises for long-term lease. But they had to leave Ukraine - at the end of March 2014, X5 closed all Perekrestoks in this country (out of 13 supermarkets, only one was owned).

If in 2013 Stefan Ducharme received as a bonus an amount equal to his annual salary: 42 million rubles, then at the end of 2014 his cash bonus amounted to 108 million rubles.

6. Group of companies Megapolis

Revenue 507 billion rubles. (IFRS)

President: Alexey Koldunov

Number of employees: 15 352

Net profit: RUB 13 billion

Trade

For 40 thousand. decreased in 2014 the number of outlets with which the company works directly

Russia's largest wholesaler of tobacco products under exclusive contracts with Japan Tobacco International, Philip Morris International, Imperial Tobacco Group. In addition, under a long-term distribution agreement, it sells products of Baltika Brewing Company, contracts have been signed with large producers of coffee and tea, and Red Bull energy drinks. 92.2% of the group's turnover comes from cigarettes, 5.6% from beer. The owners of Megapolis, Igor Kesaev, and his former teacher at MGIMO, Sergei Katsiev, began selling cigarettes in the early 1990s and quickly brought the company to a leading position.

In 2011, Megapolis planned an IPO, but due to the growing anti-smoking campaign (increasing excise taxes on cigarettes, a ban on the sale of tobacco products in kiosks and stalls), entering the public market was postponed.

At the end of 2013, the tobacco business of Igor Kesaev and Sergey Katsiev was evaluated at the international level - tobacco giants Japan Tobacco Inc (JTI) and Philip Morris International (PMI) announced the purchase of 40% of Megapolis Group for $ 1.5 billion - the entire company was estimated at $3.75 billion.

Four years ago, the company began to buy up Ukrainian tobacco distributors and in three years, in fact, became a monopoly in the sale of tobacco products in Ukraine. After the change of power in Kiev, the Ukrainian media accused the Russian company of using its monopoly position, which led to a significant increase in prices for tobacco products, an increase in smuggling and counterfeiting. One of the top managers of Megapolis, in an interview with Forbes, admitted that the situation with business in Ukraine was tense, but after a series of negotiations on the ground, everything was stabilized.

In April 2015, the co-owner of Megapolis Sergey Katsiev stepped down from management, he was replaced as president by CFO Alexei Koldunov, who has been working in the company since its inception.

Now Megapolis controls about 70% of the Russian tobacco market, the branch network has grown from 250 to 330 divisions over the year, but the number of outlets with which the company works directly has decreased from 200,000 to 160,000.

Legislative restrictions on the sale of cigarettes forced the owners of "Megapolis" to create their own specialized network. Small outlets "Omega Cash & Carry" in 2014 opened throughout the country, by the fall of 2015 there were more than 100 stores in the network that sell small wholesale tobacco products.

This is not the first attempt by the Megapolis owners to start their own retail business. In 2012, they created the Bristol retail chain, the basis of the assortment of which was cigarettes and alcohol. At the beginning of 2015, there were already about 1,400 stores in the network, in May it was announced the sale of 31.5% of Bristol to Dixy Group, 54.4% of whose shares also belong to the co-owners of Megapolis.

7. Evraz

Revenue RUB 504.2 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: London

CEO: Alexander Frolov

Number of employees: 94,823

Net debt: RUB 224.4 billion

Net loss: RUB 49.3 billion

Capitalization: 126 billion rubles.

Ferrous metallurgy

28% increase in Evraz's EBITDA from 2013 to 2014

8. Tatneft

Revenue RUB 476.4 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Almetyevsk

CEO: Nail Maganov

Number of employees: 76,000

Net debt: minus 12.75 billion rubles.

Net profit: RUB 97.7 billion

Capitalization: 691.6 billion rubles.

Oil and gas

13% of revenues of the consolidated budget of Tatarstan in 2014 come from revenues from Tatneft

The government of Tatarstan controls Tatneft through Svyazinvestneftekhim, which owns 36% of its voting shares. In addition, the government of the republic has a "golden share" (gives veto power on key governance issues). The Board of Directors is headed by the President of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov. Tatneft ranks fifth in terms of oil production among domestic companies (26.5 million tons in 2014). In 2013, the general director was replaced at Tatneft. The 68-year-old Shafagat Takhautdinov, who led Tatneft for about 14 years, was replaced by his first deputy Nail Maganov, whose brother works as the first executive vice president of Lukoil, the largest private Russian company in terms of revenue. Takhautdinov left a promising legacy, including the new Taneko refinery, capable of processing sour crude (launched in 2012), and foreign projects in Syria and Libya, suspended due to military conflicts. Foreign projects are important for Tatneft because of the depletion of its fields in the republic. Tatarstan holds 36% of all Russian reserves of extra-viscous oil - bitumen, and the company is developing new technologies, increasing its production at the Ashalchinskoye field. In 2015-2017, Tatneft will invest 100 billion rubles to increase the annual production of extra-viscous oil to 2 million tons (7.5% of the current annual oil production, now this share is less than 1%). To do this, it has formed a package of its own technologies from more than 60 international patents. Since 2007, Tatneft’s bitumen deposits have been subject to a zero MET rate, since 2012 a 90% discount on export duty until 2022 has been added, as well as regional benefits on income and property tax and zero payment for land. Tatneft is also developing technologies for the production of shale oil, the recoverable resources of which were estimated at the beginning of 2014 at about 192 million tons. In 2014, the company put 30 million tons of such oil on the state balance sheet. Tatneft, unlike other large Russian oil and gas companies, not only produces and refines oil into petroleum products, but also produces tires. The company has several subsidiaries, including Nizhnekamskshina, one of the largest manufacturers in the country. In 2014, the products of Tatneft's tire factories accounted for 27% of the Russian market in physical terms.

9. Norilsk Nickel

Revenue 456 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Vladimir Potanin

Number of employees: 81 855

Net debt: RUB 136.5 billion

Net profit: RUB 77.2 billion

Capitalization: 1.641 trillion rubles.

Non-ferrous metallurgy

$6.5 billion had to be written off by Norilsk Nickel due to the sale of unprofitable assets in Australia and Africa

A few years ago, the world's largest producer of nickel and palladium, MMC Norilsk Nickel, was bursting at the seams due to a long-term corporate conflict between its shareholders, Vladimir Potanin's Interros and Oleg Deripaska's UC Rusal, who, with varying success, tried to retain control over the company. The confrontation between them began in 2008 as a result of the “divorce” of Interros partners Potanin and Mikhail Prokhorov and ended only in 2013 with the signing of an amicable agreement with the participation of Roman Abramovich, who acted as a “white knight”. As a result, the fund of Abramovich and his Evraz partner Alexander Abramov, Crispian, became the owner of 5.87% of Norilsk Nickel shares, Interros retained the largest stake with 30.03%, Rusal retained 27.82% of the shares. Shareholders agreed to pay $8 billion in dividends over three years and another $1 billion after the sale of non-core assets, and Potanin was appointed CEO of Norilsk Nickel.

Reconciliation benefited everyone. In 2014, MMC's capitalization increased by 15% in dollar terms, Potanin topped the rating of the richest Russian businessmen according to Forbes for the first time. But despite these successes, Norilsk Nickel is experiencing the same difficulties as other mining and metallurgical companies - prices and demand for manufactured products are declining. Potanin is trying to maneuver and is looking for ways to improve business efficiency. Norilsk Nickel has already parted with unprofitable assets in Australia and Africa, is about to close the old nickel plant in Norilsk and has staked on its enterprises in Taimyr and the Murmansk region. According to MMC management, the company is able to show an EBITDA margin of over 40% and ensure a stable return on investment for more than 20 years.

Norilsk Nickel's dividend policy had to be adjusted. Now the company's shareholders are paid 50% of EBITDA, but not less than $2 billion annually. According to Potanin, in order to fulfill the terms of the settlement agreement concluded between Interros, Rusal and the Crispian fund, it remains to pay another couple of billion dollars. Shareholders were sympathetic to the company's difficulties; they admit that Norilsk Nickel is one of the most attractive assets in the falling market. In a conversation with Forbes in the spring of 2015, Oleg Deripaska called MMC “the best Russian company at the moment” and stressed that he had no questions for Potanin regarding the management of Norilsk Nickel.

10. Bashneft

Revenue 438.3 billion rubles. (IFRS)

Headquarters: Ufa

CEO: Alexander Korsik

Number of employees: 33 300

Net debt: RUB 114 billion

Net profit: 43 billion rubles.

Capitalization: 298 billion rubles.

Oil and gas

140 million tons of proven oil reserves of the fields named after. Trebs and Titov, licensed by Bashneft

In December 2014, the main owner of the fifth largest domestic oil company Bashneft (17.8 million tons) changed. The controlling stake, previously owned by AFK Sistema Vladimir Yevtushenkov, passed into federal ownership. The reason was the court decision on the illegal privatization of the companies of the Bashkir fuel and energy complex. Proceedings over the legality of the privatization of Bashneft and its four refineries have continued since 2005. In 2002, the enterprises, later merged into Bashneft, were privatized in favor of individuals, and then transferred to Bashkir Capital LLC, the owner of which was considered Ural Rakhimov, the son of the then President of Bashkiria Murtaza Rakhimov. In 2003, the Accounts Chamber called the result of this privatization "an unprecedented case of the theft of assets from federal property." However, there were no legal consequences then. In 2005, blocking stakes in the companies of the Bashkir fuel and energy complex were bought by AFK Sistema, and the remaining shares were transferred to four charitable foundations, from which Sistema bought them in 2009, having received controlling stakes. In total, Sistema spent about $ 2.5 billion on these transactions. Rakhimov Jr. has spent almost all his time abroad since then, and Rakhimov Sr. left the post of president of Bashkiria in 2010. Having gained control over the Bashkir fuel and energy complex, Sistema transferred Bashneft and its refinery to a single share, and until recently, the oil segment accounted for about half of the holding's consolidated revenue.

In 2010, Bashneft received a license for large fields named after. Trebs and Titov, one of the last remaining in the unallocated subsoil fund. Applications for the tender were also submitted by the main competitors - Lukoil, TNK-BP and Gazprom Neft, but besides Bashneft, only Surgutneftegaz was allowed to participate in the auction. A year later, Bashneft created the Bashneft-Polyus JV to develop fields with Lukoil. The transfer of the license to this joint venture caused a number of claims from Rosnedra and lawsuits from minority shareholders of Bashneft, which are still being considered (in the Supreme Court). In March 2014, Bashneft, having paid $1 billion, bypassed Rosneft and Gazprom Neft in the tender for the purchase of the Tyumen-based Burneftegaz with reserves of more than 50 million tons of oil.

In mid-July, 81.67% of Bashneft controlled by Sistema were arrested in a criminal case, and on September 16, Yevtushenkov was placed under house arrest on charges of money laundering when buying Bashneft in 2009. He was under arrest for three months, during which time Sistema's capitalization decreased by six times. It took the Moscow Arbitration Court a month to consider and satisfy the claim of the Prosecutor General's Office to return the oil company to state ownership.

11. MTS

Revenue: RUB 410.8 billion (US GAAP)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Andrey Dubovskov

Number of employees: 66 870

OIBDA: RUB 175.5 billion

Net debt: RUB 283 billion

Net profit: RUB 51.8 billion

Capitalization: $7.7 billion

Telecommunications

MTS remains the largest Russian telecommunications operator, at the end of 2014 the company had 74.6 million subscribers (0.7 million subscribers less than a year earlier). MTS is actively developing its own network of stores - the company is unable to establish relations with Euroset and Svyaznoy. At the end of 2014, the operator had more than 4,200 stores. For AFK Sistema Vladimir Yevtushenkov, the largest shareholder of MTS, the operator is a key source of money. Especially after Bashneft had to be handed over to the state. And MTS does not forget about its shareholders: in 2014, almost all profit was directed to dividends - a record 51.2 billion rubles.

12. UMMC Group

Revenue: RUB 407 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Verkhnyaya Pyshma

CEO: Andrey Kozitsyn

Number of employees: 60,000

Non-ferrous metallurgy

The largest copper producer in Russia, owned by billionaires Iskander Makhmudov and Andrey Kozitsyn, has been disclosing its financial results for the past two years, taking into account not only metallurgical but also coal assets (the largest of them is Kuzbassrazrezugol). In 2013, UMMC's revenue increased significantly, up to 416 billion rubles against 195 billion rubles a year earlier. According to Forbes, UMMC's revenue in 2014 remained almost unchanged and amounted to 407 billion rubles.

13. NLMK

Revenue: RUB 401.3 billion (US GAAP)

Headquarters: Lipetsk

President: Oleg Bagrin

Number of staff: 60 100

Net debt: RUB 61.4 billion

Net profit: RUB 32.6 billion

Capitalization: 468 billion rubles.

Ferrous metallurgy

2014 turned out to be a successful year for NLMK: EBITDA grew by 58%, net profit grew by 4.5 times. Successes are connected with the exchange rate difference - NLMK receives most of its revenue in foreign currency. In 2014, the company announced a new dividend policy. Now dividends to shareholders will be paid quarterly. If the net debt/EBITDA ratio is less than or equal to 1, the amount of payments must be in the range from 50% of net income to 50% of free cash flow; at the worst ratio - respectively from 30% to 30%. The President of NLMK has already stated that following the results of 2015, the company can pay shareholders even more. According to him, the financial situation "allows".

14. UC Rusal

Revenue: RUB 361.2 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Oleg Deripaska

Number of employees: 61,235

Net debt: RUB 341.1 billion

Net profit: RUB 11.3 billion

Capitalization: 52.1 billion Hong Kong dollars (HKEX)

Non-ferrous metallurgy

The devaluation of the ruble benefited UC Rusal, the company showed annual profit for the first time since 2011 - $ 293 million. Management even thought about paying dividends to shareholders for the first time in six years, but the board of directors has not yet made a final decision on this issue. Despite the good financial results of 2014, Oleg Deripaska, Rusal's president, has a sensible assessment of the situation: firstly, the company still has a large debt burden, and secondly, the next two years, according to his forecasts, will not be easy due to falling world aluminum prices .

15. Sibur Holding

Revenue: RUB 361 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Dmitry Konov

Number of employees: 25,000

Net debt: RUB 178.64 billion

Net profit: 25 billion rubles.

Petrochemistry

The leader in the processing of associated petroleum gas has 26 sites in Russia, where polymers, synthetic rubbers and plastics are produced. Until 2011, the company was controlled by Gazprombank, then Leonid Mikhelson and Gennady Timchenko became its owners. In September 2014, Timchenko sold a 17% stake in the holding to Kirill Shamalov, a member of the board of directors (his stake increased to 21.3%), reducing his stake to 15%. The controlling stake in the company remained with Leonid Mikhelson, 13% belongs to the current and former managers of the holding. In the spring of 2014, Timchenko and Kirill Shamalov's father, Nikolai, were included in the EU and US sanctions lists as businessmen who are part of President Putin's "inner circle".

16. Novatek

Revenue: RUB 357.64 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

Management Board: Leonid Mikhelson

Number of employees: 6749

Net debt: RUB 204 billion

Net profit: 35 billion rubles.

Capitalization: $28 billion (LSE)

Oil and gas

Novatek is the second largest natural gas producer in Russia after Gazprom (2 billion cubic meters in 2014) and the fifth largest in the world in terms of proven reserves (1.75 trillion cubic meters). The main owners are founder Leonid Mikhelson (24.8%), Gennady Timchenko (23.5%), French Total (19%) and Gazprom (10%). Novatek is the only non-state company that has the right to independently export liquefied gas. In 2014, net profit under IFRS decreased three times, the investment program for 2015 was reduced by 15%, to 50 billion rubles. In the summer of 2014, Timchenko and Novatek came under US sanctions. Novatek has since paid $740,000 to lobby for sanctions relief in the US Senate, but has not been successful.

17. Severstal

Revenue: RUB 315.8 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Cherepovets

CEO: Vadim Larin

Number of employees: 52,000

Net debt: RUB 58 billion

Net loss: RUB 61.8 billion

Capitalization: 579.2 billion rubles.

Ferrous metallurgy

At the end of 2014, Severstal reported an increase in EBITDA by 21.2%, to $2.2 billion, but at the same time showed a net loss of $1.6 billion. The company explains the loss with losses from exchange rate differences and "other non-monetary factors." At the same time, management assured shareholders that the company will continue to demonstrate stable long-term growth. So far, Aleksey Mordashov's Severstal, who replaced the chair of the CEO in the spring of 2015 for the post of chairman of the board of directors, looks better than many metallurgical companies due to its low debt load.

18. Megaphone

Revenue: RUB 314.8 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Ivan Tavrin

Number of employees: 30,854

OIBDA: RUB 138.5 billion

Net debt: RUB 136.2 billion

Net profit: RUB 36.7 billion

Capitalization: $7.8 billion

Telecommunications

MegaFon remains the second largest telecoms operator in Russia, but the backlog from MTS is shrinking: 72.2 million versus 74.6 million subscribers. At the same time, MegaFon is actively developing its subsidiary Iota (Skartel), which was purchased in 2013. In July 2014, Megafon became the owner of 50% of the Euroset retailer. Another owner is Vimpelcom. In fact, the operator bought Scartel and its share in Euroset from the structures of its main shareholder Alisher Usmanov. And the billionaire increased his stake in Megafon by purchasing a stake in the company's CEO Ivan Tavrin.

19. MMK

Revenue: RUB 302.8 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Magnitogorsk

CEO: Pavel Shilyaev

Number of employees: 46,500

Net debt: RUB 77 billion

Net loss: RUB 1.7 billion

Capitalization: 232.3 billion rubles.

Ferrous metallurgy

The devaluation of the ruble allowed MMK to reduce its debt burden by $1 billion in 2014 and reduce its net loss by 55 times - from $2.4 billion to $44 million. On the other hand, if the ruble had not fallen, the annual net profit could have amounted to $578 million In the summer of 2015, MMK, like many other steel companies, decided to revise its dividend policy. The Board of Directors approved the payment of at least 20% of IFRS net profit every six months. In 2012 and 2013, shareholders received no dividends at all, and in 2014 they received them for only nine months.

20. Group T Plus

Revenue: RUB 297.9 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow region

CEO: Boris Vainzikher

Number of employees: 49 300

Net debt: RUB 130 billion

Net profit: 35 billion rubles.

Electricity

T Plus (formerly IES Holding) owns more than 7% of the installed capacity of all power plants in Russia. The holding occupies about 10% of the heat supply market. In 2014, the energy assets of Viktor Vekselberg and partners (TGC-5, TGK-6, TGK-9, Orenburgskaya TGK, repair and power supply companies) were consolidated by merging with Volzhskaya TGK. By the beginning of 2015, the total debt of consumers to the holding for heat reached 44 billion rubles. The net debt of the energy holding at the end of 2014 amounted to 130 billion rubles and exceeded EBITDA by 5.2 times.

21. Mechel

Revenue: RUB 247.3 billion (US GAAP)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Oleg Korzhov

Number of employees: 67,880

Net debt: RUB 261.5 billion

Net loss: RUB 166 billion

Capitalization: 25.5 billion rubles.

Ferrous metallurgy

2014 could have been the most dramatic year for the founder and owner of Mechel, Igor Zyuzin, in his life. It seemed that Mechel, which had spent billions of dollars in loans to buy metallurgical and coal assets and became the most indebted Russian company, was about to die and be divided into parts. But it worked out: having resisted the onslaught of creditors, Zyuzin agreed with Gazprombank on restructuring, a similar agreement is being prepared with VTB, and the debt to Sberbank can be redeemed before the end of the year. However, Mechel is still far from the final recovery. It may take years to reduce the debt burden to comfortable levels.

22. Metalloinvest

Revenue: RUB 247 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Andrey Varichev

Number of employees: 42,600

EBITDA: RUB 75.7 billion

Net debt: RUB 161.5 billion

Net profit: 2.5 billion rubles.

Ferrous metallurgy

Metalloinvest combines the metallurgical and mining and processing assets of the USM holding of billionaire Alisher Usmanov. Metalloinvest's revenue in rubles increased, while in dollar terms the decline continued - following the results of 2014, the worst indicator over the past five years was reached. The situation on the market is not the best: iron ore prices have fallen by 28% over the year. Metalloinvest sells most of its iron ore products in Russia, sales volumes have not changed here. In the second largest market, Europe, sales increased by 1.1 million tons. However, the growth was offset by a sharp drop in sales in Asia.

23. TMK

Revenue: RUB 230.4 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Alexander Shiryaev

Number of employees: 43 373

Net debt: RUB 114.6 billion

Net loss: RUB 8.4 billion

Capitalization: 51.9 billion rubles.

Ferrous metallurgy

TMK is a leading Russian manufacturer of steel pipes, created in the early 2000s by the owner of the Sinar Pipe Plant, Dmitry Pumpyansky, and co-owners of the MDM group, Sergey Popov and Andrey Melnichenko. By 2006, Pumpyansky bought out the shares of partners in TMK and held an IPO in London. Now he owns 67.75% of the company's shares. 2014 was not an easy year for TMK. The company showed a loss of $217 million and will not pay dividends for the year. In the winter of 2015, TMK's longtime partner Rusnano became a shareholder of the company by purchasing a 5.48% stake.

24. Dixie

Revenue: RUB 229 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Ilya Yakubson

Number of employees: 40,000

Net debt: RUB 25.1 billion

Net profit: 4.5 billion rubles.

EBITDA: RUB 16.3 billion

Capitalization: 37.2 billion rubles.

Trade

The company faced in a year with the same problems as all retailers. After the introduction of the food embargo, it was necessary to urgently look for a replacement for more than 1,000 items (as a result, the share of Russian suppliers increased by 10%). The ruble fell, prices rose, the prosecutor's office checked the merchants. In 2014, Dixy for the first time released socially significant products under its new own brand “First Business” — bread, eggs, dairy and meat gastronomy; set a margin of less than 5% on some goods. Over the year, the rise in prices on the shelves lagged behind the growth in purchase prices in the main consumer basket by 4.6%, in general - by 2.2%. Revenue in rubles for 2014 increased by 26.9%, in dollars — by only 5.2%.

25. Stroygazmontazh

Revenue: RUB 225 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Andrey Kirilenko

Number of employees: 27,000

Construction

The Stroygazmontazh company was established in 2008 on the basis of five Gazprom construction contractors bought by Arkady Rotenberg. In the spring of 2014, Stroygazmontazh and Arkady Rotenberg were included in the US sanctions list. After that, the businessman sold most of his assets to his son Igor, leaving himself 83% of Stroygazmontazh (and at the end of 2014 became the sole owner) and 49% of SMP Bank. In January 2015, Stroygazmontazh received a general contract for the construction of a road and rail bridge across the Kerch Strait connecting Crimea and Kuban, worth 228 billion rubles.

26. Avtotor

Revenue: RUB 203.7 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

Chairman of the Board of Directors: Valery Gorbunov

Number of staff: 3402

mechanical engineering

Avtotor has been operating under the benefits of the Special Economic Zone of the Kaliningrad Region since 1997. In 2014, it produced cars of five world brands - BMW, Cadillac, KIA, Opel, Chevrolet.

In 2014, according to the company's founder, former Soviet Deputy Prime Minister Vladimir Shcherbakov, Avtotor produced 186,429 vehicles, almost 60,000 less than in 2013. In February 2015, General Motors (GM) stopped cooperating with the company; in the spring, the American corporation announced its withdrawal from the Russian market. Avtotor's capacities are designed to produce 250,000 cars a year, 130,000 of which were produced for GM.

27. Eurochem

Revenue: RUB 196.4 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Dmitry Strezhnev

Number of employees: 22,000

Net debt: $2.68 billion

Net loss: $578 million

fertilizers

EuroChem Holding is the largest fertilizer producer in the country, it occupies about 2% of the world market. The company was founded in 2001 by the owners of the MDM group, billionaires Andrey Melnichenko and Sergey Popov. Five years later, the partners divided the business, and Evrokhim went to Melnichenko, who now owns 92.2%. In March, it became known that the management of EuroChem postponed the decision to build a plant for $1.5 billion in Louisiana, where a plot of 870 hectares had already been purchased. EuroChem continues to develop new potash deposits in the Urals and the Volga region with approved potash reserves of more than 10 billion tons.

28. Siberian Coal Energy Company

Revenue: RUB 195 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Vladimir Rashevsky

Number of employees: 31,400

The largest coal company in Russia. In 2014, SUEK enterprises accounted for 27.5% of the total Russian coal production - 98.9 million tons. The main sales markets, apart from Russia, are China, the UK, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan and Germany. The volume of international sales increased by 8% and amounted to 45.6 million tons. In 2015, SUEK plans to increase production by 10%. The main owner of the company created in 2001 is Andrey Melnichenko, he owns 92.2% (another 7.8% belongs to SUEK CEO Vladimir Rashevsky).

29. Ribbon

Revenue: RUB 194 billion

CEO: Jan Dunning

Number of employees: 35 100

Net debt: RUB 59.2 billion

Net profit: RUB 9.1 billion

EBITDA: RUB 21.3 billion

Capitalization: $3.3 billion (LSE)

Trade

Lenta managed to raise $952 million during its IPO on the London Stock Exchange in February 2014 by jumping on the last wagon. Then there was a referendum in Crimea, sanctions, hostilities in the Donbass, devaluation of the ruble... The IPOs of other retailers, Detsky Mir and the Russian subsidiary of Metro AG, planned for 2014, did not take place. After the IPO, Lenta opened 31 new hypermarkets and 14 supermarkets, sales in existing stores grew by 10.6%, revenue - by 34.5%. 90% of the total revenue comes from sales through the Loyalty Card, which is actively used by 6.5 million people.

Revenue: RUB 188.2 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Krasnogorsk

CEO: Sergey Raskolov

Number of employees: 8884

Trade

Merlion is the largest electronics distributor in Russia, but its owners are unknown to the general public. Businessman Alexei Sonk founded Merlion in 1992 and sold the business in 2007 to a group of investors who prefer to keep a low profile. The Merlion partner network includes 5,500 companies in Russia and the CIS. The company has a portfolio of more than 450 brands and 300 direct distribution agreements. Merlion owns Citilink and Positronics retail chains, Network of Computer Clinics service centers, Bureaucrat office furniture distributor, iRU computer equipment manufacturer.

31. M.Video

Revenue: RUB 172.2 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Alexander Tynkovan

Number of employees: 18,000

Net profit: RUB 8 billion

EBITDA: RUB 12.9 billion

Capitalization: 35.5 billion rubles.

Trade

The market of household appliances and electronics was in a fever from currency fluctuations more than grocery retail. Nevertheless, M.Video's revenue grew by 16% over the year. The panic mood of buyers at the end of 2014 provided record sales: in November, sales increased by 47%, in December - by 70%. In a crisis, buyers are looking for cheaper? M.Video continued to implement its integrated sales strategy (Omni-Channel). As a result, with a 90% increase in online sales, self-delivery sales of goods ordered online from stores were twice as high as home delivery. Now there are 368 hypermarkets in the network, 39 of them were opened in 2014.

32. TNS energy

Revenue: RUB 172 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Dmitry Arzhanov

Number of staff: 8000

Net debt: RUB 16.3 billion

Net profit: 4.5 billion rubles.

Capitalization: 17.8 billion rubles.

Electricity

TNS energo is the largest private energy trader. It was established in 2003 as a one-client company: it sold electricity to all Transneft enterprises. By 2012, the company bought up stakes in eight sales companies in the country, and in 2013 it underwent a rebranding, changing the name of Transneftservice C to TNS energo. Now it manages 10 power supply companies serving consumers in 11 regions of Russia. In June 2015, TNS energo placed 15% of its shares on the Moscow Exchange. 75% of the shares of TNS energo belongs to its CEO Dmitry Arzhanov.

33. Quatrain

Revenue: RUB 169.9 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Novosibirsk

CEO: Leonid Konobeev

Net income: $69.3 million

Trade

The largest pharmaceutical holding in Russia in terms of revenue, the main business is the wholesale supply of medicines. The company has 27 branches and delivers medicines to 85 regions of Russia. Katren owns the Melodiya Zdorovya network (more than 500 pharmacies). The company was founded in 1993 by Leonid Konobeev and Vladimir Spiridonov. After the 1998 crisis, Katren went beyond the Novosibirsk region and opened two dozen regional warehouses in a year. By 2007, it became the third distributor in the Russian market in terms of gross sales. In 2000 and 2012, the EBRD was a part of Katren's capital. The company controls the Ukrainian drug distributor Venta.LTD (less than 10% of the holding's revenue in 2014).

34. Protek

Revenue: RUB 156.9 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Vadim Muzyaev

Number of employees: 12 150

Net debt: RUB 3.7 billion

Net profit: 4.8 billion rubles.

EBITDA: RUB 5.3 billion

Capitalization: 25.5 billion rubles.

Trade

The Russian pharmaceutical market in 2014 grew by 10.1%, the consolidated revenue of the Protek group - by 12.7%. The retail division grew the fastest (by 21.6%) and the manufacturing segment (17.4%). The Rigla network increased by 210 pharmacies over the year, and low-price pharmacies “Be healthy!” are also actively developing. and Zhivika. Sales per sq. m increased by 6.2% over the year. Three production sites of Protek produce 79 own brands, which account for 58.2% of sales in this segment. Revenue from the distribution of medicines, with which the company began in 1990, grew by 11.3% over the year, the warehouse area reached 161,500 square meters. m.

35. Oil&GasIndustry

Revenue: RUB 156 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Krasnodar

CEO: Alexey Gladkov

Number of employees: 1206

Net debt: RUB 42.3 billion

Oil and gas

In 2010, NefteGazIndustriya, the former head of Gosstroy, Vladimir Kogan, acquired Afipsky Refinery from Oleg Deripaska’s structures for $300 million. In 2013, the company signed a five-year contract with Rosneft for the supply of raw materials, and Transneft completed the construction of a pipe that connects the refinery with its oil pipeline system. After the modernization completed in 2014, the refining capacity of the enterprise increased by 62%, to 6 million tons of oil per year (in fact, 5.9 million tons were processed). The company has its own oil products terminal 130 km away in the port of Novorossiysk, through which products are exported.

Revenue: RUB 151.9 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Heigo Kera

Number of employees: 26,782

Net debt: RUB 26.3 billion

Net profit: RUB 5.2 billion

EBITDA: RUB 11.3 billion

Capitalization: $500 million (LSE)

Trade

In April, the company changed management. American Tony Mayer gave way to Estonian Heigo Kera. Two of the company's founders, Dmitry Korzhev and Dmitry Troitsky, had known Mayer well since the sale of his Multon juice company to Coca-Cola. But the results of 2014 were unlikely to please shareholders: retail sales of stores decreased by 0.2%, traffic fell by 4.2%. And although the average check grew by 7.8%, they began to buy less: the number of goods per visit decreased by 3.4%. At the same time, the company's expenses rose to 19.2% of revenue. The biggest increase (60%) was spent on marketing: in order to attract visitors, the company held several large-scale promotions.

37. Mostotrest

Revenue: RUB 150.5 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Vladimir Vlasov

Number of employees: 29 343

Net profit: RUB 6.1 billion

Capitalization: 23.7 billion rubles.

Construction

In the spring of this year, NPF Blagosostoyanie, controlled by Russian Railways, increased its stake in Mostotrest by buying out the stake of Igor Rotenberg and Globaltrans partners Konstantin Nikolaev, Nikita Mishin and Andrey Filatov. Mostotrest's portfolio of orders grew in 2014 by 100 billion rubles, to 352 billion rubles. The company has won major contracts and has built road junctions and an alternate route for Kurortny Prospekt for Sochi. Builds the 4th transport ring in Moscow and the Moscow-Petersburg highway, facilities on the M-4 Don, M-9 Baltiya, M-11 Narva highways. Mostotrest participated in the reconstruction of the airport in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and Moscow Vnukovo. Profit in 2014 increased by 2.7 times, dividends for 2 billion rubles were paid.

38. Russneft

Revenue: RUB 149.9 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Oleg Gordeev

Number of employees: 21,000

Net debt: RUB 253.5 billion

Net loss: RUB 101.1 billion

Oil and gas

Russneft is one of the largest oil and gas companies in Russia. Of the industry leaders, it was the only one created from scratch, and not during privatization in the 1990s. In 2002-2003, Mikhail Gutseriev was helped to buy several small oil companies by the Swiss trader Glencore, who became a shareholder in a number of RussNeft subsidiaries (with stakes ranging from 40% to 49%). In March 2015, Gutseriev announced that Glencore would exchange the shares of its subsidiaries for those of the parent company. In May, the FAS agreed on a deal: the Swiss trader will receive 46% of RussNeft. Next in line is the merger of Russneft with Neftisa, another oil company owned by Gutseriev.

Revenue: RUB 149.8 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

Chairman of the Board of Directors: Oleg Smirnov

Number of staff: 6011

Trade

The second largest (after Megapolis) tobacco distributor in Russia operates under an exclusive agreement with British American Tobacco. The company of Oleg Smirnov and Sergey Nesterenko was established in 1992, in 2000 the partners decided to focus on promoting British American Tobacco products, SNS severed relations with other cigarette manufacturers and a year later received the status of the sole distributor of BAT Russia. In 2014, this key SNA partner produced 65.9 billion cigarettes in Russia, the market share of BAT Russia reached 21.3%. SNA now supplies tobacco products to 230,000 outlets across the country.

40. Stroygazconsulting

Revenue: RUB 140 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Stanislav Anikeev

Number of employees: 65,950

Construction

The revenue of the company, founded by Ziyad Manasir and now owned by Gazprombank and Ilya Shcherbovich's UCP fund, almost halved in 2014. Despite the fact that Stroygazconsulting was headed by Stanislav Anikeev, a native of Gazprom, the company still fails to gain access to gas monopoly contracts. In the spring of 2014, its subsidiary SGK Avtostrada won the right to build the first section of the Central Ring Road worth 48 billion rubles, but was unable to obtain a bank guarantee and start work, so the contract was transferred to Aras Agalarov's Crocus International.

41. Transmashholding

Revenue: RUB 140 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Kirill Lipa

Number of employees: 52,700

Net debt: RUB 15 billion

Net profit: 10 billion rubles.

mechanical engineering

Iskander Makhmudov, the main owner of UMMC-Holding, began to assemble machine-building plants in Transmashholding in 2002, and now TMH is the largest company in the industry, uniting a dozen and a half manufacturers of rolling stock for the railway and metro. The bulk of the holding's revenue comes from orders from Russian Railways for electric locomotives, diesel locomotives, electric trains and passenger cars. Makhmudov and his partner Andrey Bokarev became No. 1 in the Forbes ranking "Kings of the state order", having received orders for 130.7 billion rubles in 2014.

Revenue: RUB 138.3 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Tatyana Lukovetskaya

Number of employees: 6371

Net debt: RUB 9 billion

Net profit: RUB 4.7 billion

Trade

The largest car dealer in the country was created by Sergey Petrov in 1991. At the end of 2014, Rolf sold 91,693 new cars, which is 14.4% more than a year earlier. The company's share in the Russian automotive market was 3.7%. In 2011, a long-term strategy was approved, which recognized the retail direction as a key business. In 2012, Rolf sold a 51% stake in its logistics operator ROLF SCS to the Japanese company NYK and completed the sale of a controlling stake in Rolf Import, a Mitsubishi distributor in Russia, to the Japanese concerns Mitsubishi Motors Corporation and Mitsubishi Corporation. Now "Rolf Import" is called "MMS Rus".

43. Nizhnekamskneftekhim

Revenue: RUB 137 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Nizhnekamsk

CEO: Azat Bikmurzin

Number of employees: 16,772

Net profit: 9.4 billion rubles.

Net debt: minus 196 million rubles.

Capitalization: 66.7 billion rubles.

Petrochemistry

This company from Tatarstan is Russia's largest producer of synthetic rubber and raw materials for its synthesis (42% of the world market). Almost half of the revenue comes from the export of products. The company is controlled by the TAIF group (50.6%), among the main owners of which are the sons of the ex-president of Tatarstan Mintimer Shaimiev Radik and Airat. The blocking stake in Nizhnekamskneftekhim belongs to Svyazinvestneftekhim, which is controlled by the government of Tatarstan. In 2014, the company transferred 9 billion rubles in taxes to budgets of various levels.

44. Uralkali

Revenue: RUB 136.5 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Berezniki,

Perm region

CEO: Dmitry Osipov

Number of employees: 20,800

Net loss: RUB 33.3 billion

Capitalization: 602 billion rubles.

fertilizers

One of the world's largest producers of potash fertilizers (20% of the market). By the mid-1990s, a native of the Kama region, the future billionaire Dmitry Rybolovlev bought up a stake in the enterprise and headed the board of directors. The further history of the company is the struggle of the owner with potash traders against the backdrop of frequent soil collapses at the production site (five accidents in 10 years). Since 2010, the company has changed several owners and went to Mikhail Prokhorov. In 2013, Uralkali was at the center of an international scandal over an export sales scheme. General Director Vladislav Baumgertner was arrested by the KGB of Belarus, and the case was subsequently dropped.

Revenue: RUB 135.1 billion

(company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Samvel Karapetyan

Number of employees: 45,000

Real estate

Samvel Karapetyan started his business with wholesale trade, then went into retail and construction. Today, Tashir owns 25 large shopping centers and eight office centers. In addition, having taken up housing construction after the 2008 crisis, the company has built five residential complexes. Tashir is developing its own energy company, Kaskad. In the near future, the territory of the Trekhgornaya manufactory in Moscow will be built up, it is planned to build 94,000 square meters. m. In addition, "Tashir" includes 10 hotels, JSCB "Fora-bank", a chain of restaurants and other enterprises.

46. ​​Rusenergosbyt

Revenue: RUB 132.2 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Andrey Zinoviev

Number of employees: 779

Net debt: RUB 831 million

Net profit: RUB 5.2 billion

Power industry

Rusenergosbyt is the second largest Russian independent energy trader in terms of revenue, owned by Grigory Berezkin's ESN group and Enel energy concern (49.5%). Rusenergo-Sbyt operates in more than 60 regions of the country and supplies electricity to more than 115,000 customers. The key consumer of Rusenergosbyt is Russian Railways, among the clients are also Kamaz, Sollers, the Magnit retail chain, as well as enterprises of the GAZ group. In March 2015, Enel, which also owns a 56.4% stake in the energy company Enel Russia, published its five-year development plan, according to which Russia falls out of its sphere of interest.

47. TAIF-NK

Revenue: RUB 132 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Nizhnekamsk

CEO: Rushan Shamgunov

Number of employees: 3135

Net profit: 10.7 billion rubles

Net debt: minus 11 billion rubles

Petrochemistry

TAIF-NK combines an oil refinery and a gasoline plant. In 2014, the enterprise's capacities were fully loaded: oil refining amounted to 7.3 million tons per year, gas condensate - 1 million tons. The share of TAIF-NK in the total volume of oil refining in Russia amounted to 3%. Export of products provides 58% of revenue. Almost 62 billion rubles of taxes and fees were transferred by the company to the budgets of all levels. The enterprise is controlled by the TAIF group, co-owned by the sons of the ex-president of Tatarstan Mintimer Shaimiev Radik and Airat.

48. OMK

Revenue: RUB 129 billion

(company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Anatoly Sedykh

Number of employees: 27,021

Net debt: RUB 62.5 billion

Net loss: RUB 13 billion

Ferrous metallurgy

In 2014, the revenue of the steel pipe manufacturer OMK grew by 23%, EBITDA - by 22%, but due to the devaluation of the ruble, the depreciation of the American OMK Tube and the decommissioning of the Chusovoy Metallurgical Plant, the loss amounted to 13 billion rubles. In order to improve financial results by the end of 2015, the company promised to use anti-crisis measures: reduce production costs, reduce investment, tighten control over settlements with counterparties and shorten the production cycle.

49. ChTPZ

Revenue: RUB 128 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Alexander Grubman

Number of employees: 28,694

Net debt: RUB 94 billion

Net loss: RUB 1.2 billion

Ferrous metallurgy

ChTPZ is the second largest pipe manufacturer in Russia. In 2014, ChTPZ and the Pervouralsky Novotrubny Plant, which is part of the group, shipped a record volume of products for the entire post-Soviet period - 2.073 million tons. But the year turned out to be difficult for Andrey Komarov, the main shareholder of ChTPZ. In March 2014, he and his lawyer Alexander Shibanov were detained on suspicion of trying to bribe an official. In July 2015, Komarov was released from house arrest, and the lawyer was released from the pre-trial detention center. The case has been taken to court.

50. Antipinsky Oil Refinery

Revenue: RUB 125 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Tyumen

CEO: Gennady Lisovichenko

Number of staff: 1500

Net debt: RUB 87.7 billion

Net loss: RUB 34.4 billion

Oil and gas

The plant, which opened in the industrial zone of Tyumen in 2006, produces gasoline and diesel fuel. In 2014, the volume of refining reached 8 million tons of oil per year, the volume of production - 6.2 million tons. The company intends to engage in its own production. In March 2015, the plant won a tender for three small oil fields in the Orenburg region with total C1 reserves of 42 million tons of oil and 1.5 billion cubic meters of gas, paying 16 billion rubles for them. One of the co-owners of the refinery is a classmate of President Vladimir Putin Nikolai Yegorov, co-founder of the law firm Egorov Puginsky Afanasiev and Partners.

51. Phosagro

Revenue: RUB 123.1 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Andrey Guryev

Number of employees: 19,663

Net debt: RUB 48.2 billion

Net loss: RUB 13.4 billion

Capitalization: 369 billion rubles.

fertilizers

Phosagro is one of the world's largest producers of phosphate fertilizers. The key enterprise is Apatit. The controlling shareholder is ex-senator Andrey Guryev, among the minority shareholders is Vladimir Litvinenko, rector of the Gorny National Mineral and Raw Materials University, where Vladimir Putin defended his thesis. The Menatep group of Khodorkovsky took part in the formation of the Phosagro business, from which the Phosagro management, headed by Guryev, bought out a block of shares in 2005. Since December 2014, two former PhosAgro managers have tried to claim their stake in the holding. One of them, Alexander Gorbachev, filed a lawsuit in a Cypriot court. The decision was expected in mid-September.

52. GAZ Group

Revenue: RUB 120 billion (IFRS)

President: Vadim Sorokin

Number of employees: 257,600

Net debt: RUB 56.2 billion

Net loss: RUB 2.1 billion

Capitalization: 7.9 billion rubles.

mechanical engineering

The GAZ group includes 13 enterprises that produce 50% of light commercial vehicles, 70% of buses and 24% of trucks in Russia. The main shareholder of the company is the Russian Machines engineering holding, which is part of Oleg Deripaska's Basic Element.

In 2014, the group produced 69,400 vehicles, down 16% from the year before. Revenue from sales to non-CIS countries increased by 56% to RUB 7.2 billion. In 2014, the GAZ Group received European approval allowing the sale of gazelles in the EU countries, opened production in Turkey, and began negotiations on distribution in 30 countries. In the first half of 2015, GAZ sales fell by 26%, while the entire Russian car market fell by 36%.

53. National Computer Corporation

Revenue: RUB 115.7 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Alexander Kalinin

Number of staff: 2600

The National Computer Corporation was born in 2003 when the owners of five independent companies pooled their assets. Now NCC includes the distributor of computer equipment OCS, the manufacturer of computers Aquarius, the developer of server hardware Yadro, the distributor and integrator Sistematika. Equipment under the Aquarius brand is produced at its own plant in the Ivanovo region, in 2014 the corporation increased its production capacity. According to the report of the analytical agency IDC, Aquarius is one of the five largest server providers in the Russian market in 2014.

54. DNS

Revenue: RUB 115.1 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Vladivostok

CEO: Dmitry Alekseev

Number of employees: 15,000

Trade

The first DNS computer store opened in 1998 in Vladivostok. Now the group of companies manages more than 1200 stores in 400 cities of Russia. Under the umbrella brand, DNS develops the TechnoPoint discounter and small stores with Smart digital and mobile technology. Since December 2014, a new format has appeared in the company - "Frau Tekhnika", household appliances stores decorated in raspberry and purple colors. In the spring of 2014, the company acquired the Computer World network (21 stores in St. Petersburg and 11 cities in the Northwestern District). It produces computers and portable equipment under its own brands - in 2012 it opened an assembly plant.

55. Euroset

Revenue: RUB 115 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Alexander Malis

Number of staff: 30,000

Trade

Since July 2014, 50% of Euroset has been owned directly by MegaFon (the remaining 50% belongs to VimpelCom). According to MegaFon, after this transaction, the operator's savings on commissions to dealers reached 48%. Ksenia Sobchak ceased to be a shareholder of Euroset back in 2012, but her current stormy activity and former property haunt the deputies. In the fall of 2014, after a public discussion between Sobchak and director Nikita Mikhalkov, the deputies asked the prosecutor's office to check the purity of the deal, during which the TV presenter received 0.1% of the retailer's shares and earned $ 1.3 million from their sale.

56 Eurasia Drilling Company

Revenue: RUB 114.8 billion (US GAAP)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Alexander Japaridze

Number of employees: 21,850

Net profit: RUB 16.2 billion

Net debt: RUB 42.3 billion

Capitalization: $1.8 billion (LSE)

Oil and gas

The volume of the market for drilling services in Russia in 2014 is $15.4 billion (estimated by Deloitte & Tuche), 28% fall to the share of Eurasia Drilling Company (EDC). The company was founded by Alexander Dzhaparidze, who bought the drilling division of Lukoil in 2004 for $130 million. In 2007, the shares were placed in London (an IPO estimate of $3.4 billion). Dzhaparidze is the largest shareholder of EDC (30.2%), the ex-president of Rosneft Alexander Putilov has 22.4%, and 30% of the shares are in free float. In January 2015, the sale of a 45.65% stake in EDC to the Schlumberger oilfield services company was announced for $1.7 billion. The deal requires approval from the government commission on foreign investment, which has postponed its consideration more than once.

57. Transaero

Revenue: RUB 113.8 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

CEO: Olga Pleshakova

Number of employees: 11,507

Net debt: RUB 67.6 billion

Net loss: RUB 19.3 billion

Transport

Transaero is second only to Aeroflot in terms of traffic volume - in 2014 it transported about 13.2 million people. The company has a high debt load, the ratio of net debt / EBITDA at the end of 2014 was 9. In September 2014, Transaero applied for state support. The company was founded in 1991 by the son of the Minister of Radio Industry of the USSR Alexander Pleshakov, and since 2001 it has been managed by his wife Olga. For two, they own 36.6% of the company, another 3% belongs to Alexander's mother Tatyana Anodina, chairman of the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC). On September 1, 2015, it became known that Aeroflot was buying 75% plus 1 share of Transaero for a symbolic 1 ruble.

58. Eldorado

Revenue: RUB 111.7 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Ondrej Friedrich

Number of employees: 14,000

Trade

The company, founded in 1994 by brothers Igor and Oleg Yakovlev, sells household appliances and electronics. During the 2008 crisis, banks demanded that the network repay loans ahead of schedule. The Czech PPF group of Peter Kellner helped - on the security of a controlling stake, it provided a loan for $ 300 million, and later bought out the remaining share for $ 250 million. In March 2014, PPF announced that one of its shareholders, Jiri Schmeits, would receive 20% in Eldorado. A year later, the co-owners invested 7.3 billion rubles in the network. "Eldorado" has 384 hypermarkets and four stores for the issuance of goods purchased online (14% of revenue in 2014). Now the network is expanding its assortment - it sells goods for the home, garden, renovation and for children.

59. Messenger

Revenue: RUB 111 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Michael Touch

Number of employees: 22,000

Trade

The network, created in 1995 by Maxim Nogotkov, received Oleg Malis, the younger brother of the president of Euroset, Alexander Malis, for debts. The brothers do not comment on the hypothetical merger of two cellular retailers, but interact. Since the beginning of 2015, connections to MTS in Svyaznoy have decreased by five times, but sales of MegaFon and VimpelCom contracts, which own Euroset, have resumed. In the summer of 2015, MTS terminated cooperation with Svyaznoy. At the same time, in the Euroset stores, the issuance of goods ordered from Enter began, this business of Nogotkov also went to Oleg Malis.

60. Kamaz

Revenue: RUB 110.6 billion (IFRS)

President: Sergey Kogogin

Number of employees: 53,000

Net debt: RUB 12.7 billion

Net profit: 200 million rubles.

Capitalization: 24.8 billion rubles.

mechanical engineering

The largest Russian manufacturer of heavy trucks occupies 41% of the domestic market. Kamaz is 49.9% owned by the state corporation Rostec, 20.8% of the shares are owned by Avtoinvest Ltd., 11% by Daimler AG. In 2014, the company sold 38,655 trucks, 5,177 less than in 2013. The company's net profit decreased by 20 times. At the annual meeting of shareholders, it was decided not to pay dividends for 2014. In six months of 2015, Kamaz sold 7,697 trucks, which is 52.7% less compared to the same period in 2014. At the same time, its share in the truck market increased to 54.3%.

61. Universal Cargo Logistics Holding BV

Revenue: RUB 110 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Amsterdam

CEO: Igor Fedorov

Number of employees: 18,500

Transport

Universal Cargo Logistics Holding BV is the transport company of NLMK owner Vladimir Lisin, the billionaire spent a significant part of his metallurgical income to create this business. UCL is comprised of three divisions: UCL Rail (railway transportation), UCL Port (stevedoring services) and VBTH (shipping companies and shipbuilding). According to Forbes, the total revenue of all divisions decreased compared to 2013 by 25 billion rubles.

62. Eurosibenergo

Revenue: RUB 110 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Vyacheslav Solomin

Number of employees: 27,000

Electricity

Eurosibenergo, one of the largest private energy producers in Russia and one of the largest hydro-generating companies in the world, controls 18 power plants (including the Bratsk, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk and Ust-Ilimsk HPPs). Eurosibenergo is part of Oleg Deripaska's En+ holding. In May 2015, CEO Vyacheslav Solomin said that Eurosibenergo plans to become an operating company, which in the future may conduct an IPO or attract a strategic investor. To do this, it consolidated more than 90% of the shares of the Krasnoyarsk HPP, having bought out a 25% stake in the HPP from RusHydro in 2014, and is also negotiating with Inter RAO to buy out a 40% stake in Irkutskenergo.

63. Irkutskenergo

Revenue: RUB 107.64 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Irkutsk

CEO: Oleg Prichko

Number of staff: 7856

Net profit: 3 billion rubles.

Net debt: RUB 47.4 billion

Capitalization: 33.6 billion rubles.

Electricity

Irkutskenergo owns hydro and heat generating assets with a capacity of 19.5 gigawatts in Siberia. The company is controlled by Eurosibenergo (part of the En + group of Oleg Deripaska), 40% of the shares are owned by the state energy holding InterRAO. Eurosibenergo claims for the InterRAO package, but the head of Inter RAO Boris Kovalchuk stated that the company would not sell the package for less than the amount at which it was estimated when it was contributed to the capital of the state-owned company in 2010 (48.6 billion rubles), which is more than three times its current market value. The authorities of Buryatia at the beginning of 2015 stated a record shallowing of Lake Baikal (for 60 years), accusing Irkutsk-Energo of causing environmental damage.

64. GK Commonwealth

Revenue: RUB 105.7 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Luxembourg

CEO: Alexander Lutsenko

Number of staff: 2000

EBITDA: $205 million

Agroprom

In the 2013-2014 financial year, the revenue of the Sodruzhestvo Group, the largest oilseed processor and exporter of agricultural products, grew by 34%, EBITDA - by 68%. In February 2015, the company opened a new headquarters in Luxembourg. In March 2015, co-owner of the company Alexander Lutsenko became CEO: and Stefan Frappa, who held this post, resigned.

65. SU-155

Revenue: RUB 104.2 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Alexander Meshcheryakov

Number of employees: 40,000

Construction

Since 2009, the company of the Moscow City Duma deputy Mikhail Balakin has regularly received bankruptcy claims from suppliers, contractors and other contractors. In the summer of 2015, the company's CEO Alexander Meshcheryakov was accused of tax evasion in the amount of 200 million rubles. However, numerous litigations do not affect the operations of one of the country's largest construction companies; in 2015, SU-155 built and put into operation 327,000 sq. m. m. and sold non-core assets for almost 3 billion rubles.

66. SIA International

Revenue: RUB 98.5 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Alexander Sharapanyuk

Net profit: 144 million rubles.

Trade

The company was founded in 1993 by Novosibirsk businessman Igor Rudinsky. For 10 years, the businessman Shabtai Kalmanovich (killed in 2009) was a co-owner of the company. In the second half of the 2000s, SIA International repeatedly became the largest Russian drug distributor, and now it is in third place in terms of revenue. In 2009, the holding got a 25% stake in Pharmacy Chain 36.6 for debts, from whose capital it withdrew in 2012. After the death of Rudinsky in the fall of 2014, the heirs confirmed that they would sell 51% of SIA International to the R-Pharm pharmaceutical group of Alexei Repik, as the founder planned to do. The deal has not been closed yet.

67. LSR Group

Revenue: RUB 92.3 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

CEO: Andrey Molchanov

Number of employees: 15,500

Net profit: RUB 9.2 billion

EBITDA: RUB 21.6 billion

Net debt: RUB 2 billion

Capitalization: 58.6 billion rubles.

Construction

LSR Group, the main owner of which is Andrey Molchanov, ex-senator from the Leningrad region, like all developers, is suffering from a drop in demand. If in 2014 revenue grew by 53%, and EBITDA - by 84%, then in the first half of 2015 revenue decreased by 11%. In the direction of "building materials" the fall is more significant: revenue fell by 25%, EBITDA - by 40%. New contracts for the sale of real estate in all regions of presence (Moscow, St. Petersburg and Yekaterinburg) were concluded for six months by 45% less than for the same period in 2014. In May, Molchanov returned to operational management, taking the post of general director.

68. Major

Revenue: RUB 90 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Mikhail Bakhtiarov

Trade

Major is the second largest car dealer in Russia (after Rolf). The company was founded in 1998 by former managers of Musa Motors dealer (the president of the company is one of its founders). The partners started the business with Chrysler and Jeep cars, and now the company is a dealer of 38 car brands. The retail network has grown over the year from 59 to 77 car dealerships in Moscow, the number of motorcycle dealerships has doubled to 10. Seven car dealerships of the company operate in St. Petersburg. In 2015, Major, which previously traded exclusively in foreign cars, became the official dealer of AvtoVAZ. In the first half of 2015, the share of Lada cars in the Moscow region increased from 3% to 4.5%.

69. Growth

Revenue: RUB 88.4 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: David Panikashvili

Trade

The group was formed in 2002 as a result of the merger of several pharmaceutical companies from St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk and Samara and is now one of the five largest drug distributors. Until 2011, the Finnish distributor Tamro owned a stake in the holding. Then one of the founders David Panikashvili became the main owner, who acquired 42% of the shares from the Finns. The pharmacy chain owned by the group, formed as a result of the merger of the Raduga and First Aid chains, is the fourth in Russia in terms of the number of outlets (more than 850). Rosta also has a factory in St. Petersburg, where the French manufacturer Ipsen launched contract production of the neurological drug Tanakan.

70. Tele2

Revenue: RUB 87.4 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Mikhail Noskov

Number of employees: 7929

Telecommunications

Since 2013, the Tele2 operator has become Russian: in March, VTB Bank bought the company from Swedish shareholders for $3.5 billion, and then resold 50% to the structures of billionaires Yuri Kovalchuk and Alexei Mordashov. At the beginning of 2014, Tele2 Russia merged with the mobile assets of the state communications operator Rostelecom. Almost simultaneously with the change of ownership, Tele2 received approval to launch fast mobile Internet in its networks. The company is preparing to enter the Moscow market, the richest region for operators, where only MTS, MegaFon and VimpelCom operate.

71. Polyus Gold

Revenue: RUB 86.42 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: London, UK

CEO: Pavel Grachev

Number of employees: 19,080

Net debt: RUB 12.6 billion

Net loss: RUB 7 billion

Capitalization: £5.9bn (LSE)

Non-ferrous metallurgy

Polyus Gold is the largest Russian gold mining company. Its main shareholders are the son of Suleiman Kerimov Said (40.2%), the structures of Gavril Yushvaev (19.3%) and Oleg Mkrtchan (18.5%), the rest of the shares are in free float. Polyus Gold completed 2014 with a net loss of $182 million, but EBITDA grew to $1 billion (up 11% compared to 2013). In the summer of 2015, management and shareholders discussed the possibility of changing the parent company Polyus Gold, registered on the island of Jersey, to the Russian Polyus Gold, however, a final decision on this issue was not made at the time of publication of the rating.

72. ATEK Group

Revenue: RUB 85 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Ufa

CEO: Vladimir Fedorov

Number of staff: 218

Net profit: 310.5 million rubles.

Trade

The Ufa oil trader ATEK, founded in 2001 by brothers Igor and Evgeny Bidilo, grew up on tolling oil refining schemes, supplying raw materials to refineries in Bashkiria. In 2009, AFK Sistema, which bought the enterprises of the Bashkir fuel and energy complex, refused the services of ATEK, and the Ufa company focused on trading petroleum products, working with Rosneft, Lukoil, Shell, Surgutneftegaz.

73. Renaissance Construction

Revenue: RUB 83.4 billion (company data)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

CEO: Andrey Vlasenko

Number of employees: 23 186

Construction

The company was founded in 1993 by an employee of the Turkish "Enka" Erman Ylydzhak in St. Petersburg. At first, Rönesans built buildings for the Baltika brewing company and IKEI, but after the 2008 crisis, the contractor began to actively develop in Moscow, and then in Turkey and other countries. Rönesans has more than 500 built facilities with a total area of ​​over 15 million square meters. m, and the portfolio of orders exceeds $ 7 billion. The company is building three skyscrapers in Moscow City, including the Federation Tower, which has gone through several changes of owners and general contractors.

74. Lanit

Revenue: RUB 81.5 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Igor Dubrovo

Number of staff: 5998

Lanit, founded by Georgy Gens in 1989, is one of the oldest IT companies in Russia. The main field of activity is system integration and software product development. Although now the group also includes Inventive Retail Group, which unites several retail chains. Georgy Gens entrusted this part of the business to his son Philip. However, all is not well in business. In the middle of 2015 IBM refused partnership with Lanit after 20 years of cooperation. For another Russian integrator, Croc, a similar move by IBM later resulted in a major scandal over Sberbank's purchases.

75. Sportsmaster

Revenue: RUB 81.1 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Leonid Strakhov

Number of employees: 15,000

Trade

Sportmaster calls itself the largest sports retailer in Eastern Europe - more than 450 stores of the company are visited annually by about 200 million people. The founders of the company Nikolai Fartushnyak with his brother and two of their comrades have been distributing Kettler sports equipment since 1992, and four years later they switched to retail. The company also franchises the Columbia chain and owns 700 O'Stin casual clothing stores. In March 2014, one of the first Russian retailers entered the Chinese market - now there are 11 stores operating there under the Sportmaster brand.

76. Uralchem

Revenue: RUB 78.3 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Dmitry Konyaev

Number of employees: 10 298

Net debt: RUB 242.3 billion

Net loss: RUB 79.7 billion

fertilizers

The holding belongs to the former president of Sibur, Dmitry Mazepin, who in 2007 merged fertilizer enterprises in the Kirov Region and the Perm Territory. The company produces more than a quarter of ammonium nitrate in Russia and is the leader in this segment. In 2013, Uralchem ​​became one of the participants in the deal to change the owners of the Uralkali holding: in December, it acquired a 19.9% ​​stake for $3.8 billion.

77. Biblio Globe

Revenue: RUB 78 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Alexander Tugolukov

Number of employees: 491

Tour operator "Biblio Globus" was created by Alexander Tugolukov, son-in-law of the owner of the bookstores "Biblio Globus" Boris Yesenkin. The geography of the "Biblio Globe" includes more than 33 areas. Since 2014, the company has started working in Germany, Portugal, Great Britain, Costa Rica, the Netherlands, Fiji, Uzbekistan, Spain, Chile, Peru. The company has sent more than 2.4 million tourists on trips over the past year and a half.

78. Autoworld

Revenue: RUB 77.9 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Nikolai Gruzdev

Number of staff: 6995

Trade

During the first year of operation (1993), the company managed to sell only a few dozen Zhiguli and Volga cars, a year later sales increased to 1200 cars. Now Avtomir sells cars of 19 brands through 49 dealerships (18 of them are located in Moscow, 28 in the Russian regions, and three in Kazakhstan). In 2014, the company sold 75,500 new vehicles, 7,500 fewer than in 2013. Sales of used cars for the year increased by 25%, to 14,500. The company's share in the federal market was 2.9%, in the capital - 6.5%. For six months of 2015, the Russian car market decreased by 36%. 15% of employees were sent on unscheduled vacations at Avtomir.

79. V.I.P. Service

Revenue: RUB 76 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Dmitry Gorin

Number of staff: 1785

The company, established in 1993, owns a network for booking and selling air and railway tickets in Moscow and the Moscow region. “V.I.P. Service” sells tickets online as well — the company sells up to 13,000 tickets per day through the Biletix and Portbilet web portals alone. In addition, the holding is developing the hotel business: the Don Quixote complex was opened in Rostov-on-Don, and a network of hostels under the Gorod brand was launched at Russian railway stations.

80. Akron

Revenue: RUB 74.6 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Veliky Novgorod

CEO: Vladimir Kunitsky

Number of employees: 15 100

Net debt: RUB 55.8 billion

Net profit: RUB 6.9 billion

Capitalization: 109.3 billion rubles.

fertilizers

The main owner of Akron, Vyacheslav Kantor, began to form the holding in 1993, when, after conducting an environmental review at the Novgorod chemical enterprise, Azot decided to participate in its privatization and bought up almost half a ton of vouchers. The holding also included an enterprise in the Smolensk region and a plant in the Chinese province of Shandong. In 2012, Acron commissioned the Oleniy Ruchey mine, Russia's third-largest apatite concentrate producer, adding its own phosphate rock to nitrogen. A consortium of Indian chemical companies is going to join the potash project being developed by Acron, the Verkhnekamsk Potash Company.

81. Miratorg

Revenue: RUB 74.05 billion

(company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Viktor Linnik

Number of employees: 20,000

EBITDA: RUB 23.2 billion

Agroprom

The Miratorg agro-industrial holding was created by the brothers Viktor and Alexander Linnik in 1995, having earned start-up capital by organizing leisure and accommodation for foreign tourists in Moscow. One of these guests advised the Linniks to start importing European products. Their company is still one of the largest Russian producers and importers of meat. In 2014, the total sales of Miratorg increased by 14%, to 493,000 tons. The holding increased the share of its own production in total sales to 77%.

82. Transoil

Revenue: RUB 73.8 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

CEO: Vladimir Sokolov

Number of staff: 1397

Net profit: RUB 11.7 billion

Transport

The railway carrier Transoil, controlled by billionaire Gennady Timchenko, intends to become a key player in the wagon repair market and provide trading and transshipment services in ports, as well as increase its share in the oil and petroleum products transportation market to 30%, follows from the company's development strategy until 2020 of the year. The movement towards the goal has begun: in the summer of 2014, Transoil received permission from the Federal Antimonopoly Service to purchase the cargo operator Neftetransport. At the same time, the company announced the acquisition of a 25% stake in the shunting operator of the port of Ust-Luga - PUL trans, and in December it became known about Transoil's interest in Infotek-Baltika M.

83. Jenser

Revenue: RUB 71.2 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

Chairman of the Board: Vladimir Pronin

Number of staff: 4960

Trade

Created in 1991 by graduate students of Moscow State Technical University. Bauman, the company began with the sale of SAAB cars. Now it ranks fourth in terms of annual revenue among Russian dealers, 36 auto centers of the company sell new cars of 17 brands. The company is controlled by Chairman of the Board Vladimir Pronin and the heirs of Igor Ponomarev, one of the founders of Jenser, who died in 2010. In 2014, the company sold over 64,000 vehicles, up 11% from 2013. The company's regular corporate clients are the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the FSO, the Supreme Court, and large state corporations.

84. Utair

Revenue: RUB 71 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Khanty-Mansiysk

CEO: Andrey Martirosov

Number of employees: 5083

Net debt: RUB 86 billion

Net loss: RUB 22.3 billion

Transport

UTair, controlled by the Surgutneftegaz pension fund, is one of the three largest Russian air carriers (11.2 million passengers in 2014) and delivers passengers and cargo both by aircraft and helicopters - the company owns the largest helicopter fleet in Russia ( 343 aircraft of different models). The company has a high debt load. UTair is negotiating the provision of a state guarantee for 9 billion rubles, which is needed to obtain a syndicated loan of up to 29.5 billion rubles for a period of seven years, Vedomosti wrote. As part of a cost-cutting program, the company cut its headcount by two-thirds (5,083 in 2014 versus 15,000 in 2013).

85. Siberia

Revenue: RUB 70.7 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Novosibirsk

CEO: Vladimir Obiedkov

Number of staff: 2672

Net profit: RUB 869 million

Transport

Sibir (S7 Airlines brand) is the fourth largest airline in Russia in terms of passenger traffic. In 2013, its liners carried about 8 million passengers. The air park has 58 aircraft. The owners of the airline are the spouses Natalya and Vladislav Filev. In 1997, they bought out the shares of Siberia Airlines from employees, a little later they became the owners of a controlling stake in the enterprise and started developing their business by acquiring small air carriers. In 2013, the Filevs bought out the state-owned stake in Siberia in the amount of 25.5% of the shares for 1.13 billion rubles, consolidating 100% of the company. According to Forbes, against the backdrop of multibillion-dollar debts of competitors, Siberia has a negative net debt.

86. Russian copper company

Revenue: 70 billion rubles (estimate)

Headquarters: Yekaterinburg

CEO: Vsevolod Levin

Number of employees: 7761

Non-ferrous metallurgy

The Russian Copper Company is the third largest copper producer in Russia. RCC enterprises are located in the Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Orenburg, Novgorod regions and Kazakhstan. The main owner of the company is billionaire Igor Altushkin. In 2014, he agreed with the famous British architect Norman Foster on the construction of the RCC headquarters in Yekaterinburg. The construction is planned to be completed in a few years.

87. Power machines

Revenue: RUB 69.8 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

CEO: Roman Filippov

Number of employees: 17,000

Net profit: RUB 10.3 billion

Net debt: RUB 23.1 billion

mechanical engineering

The largest domestic power engineering company. In 2014, revenue increased by 8% to RUB 69.8 billion, including through the sale of housing built by the company in St. Petersburg on the site of its former industrial site. In the summer of 2015, a joint venture between Power Machines (35% share) and Siemens (65%) launched a new complex for the production and service of gas turbines with a capacity of 172 and 307 MW in the Leningrad Region. Previously, gas turbines of such power were not produced in Russia.

88. Cherkizovo

Revenue: RUB 69.3 billion (US GAAP)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Sergey Mikhailov

Number of employees: 21,303

EBITDA: RUB 17 billion

Net debt: RUB 26.07 billion

Agroprom

Cherkizovo Group is one of the country's largest producers of meat products. It was founded by its current chairman of the board of directors, Igor Babaev, on the basis of the Cherkizovsky Meat Processing Plant.

The group unites over 40 enterprises in Moscow, as well as in the Penza, Tambov, Lipetsk, Voronezh, Oryol regions. In 2014, it produced more than 800,000 tons of meat products and about 1.4 million tons of animal feed.

Thanks to the acquisition of Lisko-Broiler, the largest Voronezh poultry meat producer, Cherkizovo Group increased poultry sales to 417 million tons.

89.Globaltrans

Headquarters: Limassol, Cyprus

CEO: Sergey Maltsev

Number of staff: 1575

Net debt: RUB 23.7 billion

Net profit: 571 million rubles.

Capitalization: $615 million (LSE)

Transport

Globaltrans, the largest private railway operator, is engaged in the transportation of metallurgical and construction cargoes, oil products and coal. The main shareholders of the company are billionaires Konstantin Nikolaev, Nikita Mishin and Andrey Filatov, each owning 11.5%. In 2014, the company's net profit decreased by 14 times, revenue decreased by 8%. At the meeting of shareholders, it was decided not to pay dividends for 2014, the company said that the money would be required to reduce the debt burden.

90. Sinara

Revenue: RUB 68.7 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Yekaterinburg

CEO: Mikhail Khodorovsky

Number of employees: 22,500

mechanical engineering

The Sinara Group, founded in 2001, is owned by the main owner of the Pipe Metallurgical Company (TMK) Dmitry Pumpyansky and, in addition to transport engineering, develops financial, tourism, agricultural, energy business and development. The company earns from state contracts: in 2010, it created a joint venture with Siemens Ural Locomotives, which is provided with orders from Russian Railways until 2020. Since July 2014, STM-Service, which is part of Sinara, has won auctions for a total of 12.5 billion rubles and received 26 service locomotive depots of Russian Railways (5,000 locomotives) under management. About 11,000 employees transferred from Russian Railways to the company.

91. TechnoNIKOL

Revenue: RUB 68.6 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Sergey Kolesnikov

Number of staff: 6704

Construction Materials

The company was founded in 1992 by Sergey Kolesnikov and Igor Rybakov. TechnoNIKOL is one of the country's largest manufacturers of roofing and insulation materials. With the use of the company's materials, 206 shopping malls, 66 production facilities and 18 airports and railway stations were built. The company has 38 different factories and five research centers, its products are exported to Europe, India and China. In 2016, TechnoNIKOL is going to launch a new plant for the production of stone wool in the Rostov region, the declared investment is 3 billion rubles.

92. Agrokom

Revenue: RUB 65.7 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Rostov-on-Don

CEO: Sergey Sapotnitsky

Number of employees: 15,000

EBITDA: RUB 8 billion

Agroprom

The main assets of the Agrokom group, owned by businessman and ex-State Duma deputy Ivan Savvidi, are the Donskoy Tabak tobacco factory, the Atlantis-pack packaging plant, and meat production. In addition, Agrocom owns a greenhouse complex, the production of mineral water, the company owns a large stake in Rostov-on-Don Airport and the Rostov Civil Aviation Plant. On the site of the Taurus sausage factory closed six years ago in the center of Rostov-on-Don, Agrocom plans to build more than 400,000 sq. m. m of housing and commercial real estate.

93. Polymetal International

Revenue: RUB 65.2 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

Chief Executive Officer: Vitaly Nesis

Number of employees: 8853

Net debt: RUB 48.2 billion

Net loss: RUB 8.1 billion

Capitalization: 204.3 billion rubles.

Non-ferrous metallurgy

Polymetal International is the largest silver producer and one of the leading gold miners in Russia. The main shareholders of the company are Petr Kellner, Alexander Nesis and Alexander Mamut. In 2014, Polymetal acquired the Kyzyl project, a large gold deposit in Kazakhstan, for $618.5 million. In April 2015, the head of the company, Vitaly Nesis, said that Polymetal International was ready to take advantage of opportunities for new mergers and acquisitions. At the end of 2014, the company paid dividends to shareholders in the amount of $173 million.

94. Metalservice

Revenue: RUB 63.2 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Alexander Manchenko

Trade

Metallservice is the largest Russian metal trader providing storage and processing services for metal products. Metallservice warehouses are located in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Penza, Bryansk, Rostov-on-Don, Taganrog, Krasnodar, Kursk, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Khabarovsk, Barnaul and Minsk. In 2014, the company reported that more than 50,000 customers had chosen it as a supplier. The total volume of rolled metal sold amounted to about 2 million tons.

95. Kurs group of companies

Revenue: RUB 62.4 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Tatyana Volodina

Net profit: RUB 5.6 billion

Trade

Maxim Klimov opened his first store, L'Etoile, in 1997 on Smolenskaya Square, on the site of the famous Ruslan store in Soviet times. For many years, the company competed with its closest competitor, the Arbat Prestige chain of Vladimir Nekrasov. After Nekrasov's arrest in 2008 (suspected of using shell companies and tax evasion), Klimov's chain rented premises at the site of some of the competitor's stores. Arbat Prestige ceased to exist in 2009, and now L'Etoile is the undisputed market leader, with more than 900 stores in 200 cities. During 2015, the company promises to open another 100 outlets.

96. FSK Leader

Revenue: RUB 62 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Vladimir Voronin

Number of staff: 5700

Construction

For 10 years of work, Vladimir Voronin's financial and construction corporation "Leader" has built more than 4 million square meters. m of real estate, creating 12 new quarters, and sold 35,000 apartments. The company has a development, real estate and construction divisions. In addition to Moscow and the Moscow region, the company operates in St. Petersburg, Kaluga and Gelendzhik. In 2014, Leader more than doubled its revenue, mainly due to growth in home sales. In 2015, the company opened its first major commercial real estate facility, the MARi shopping mall in Maryino with a total area of ​​135,000 sq. m.

97. VSMPO-AVISMA Corporation

Revenue: RUB 61.9 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Verkhnyaya Salda, Sverdlovsk region

CEO: Mikhail Voevodin

Number of staff: 20 200

Net debt: RUB 23.5 billion

Net profit: RUB 5.8 billion

Capitalization: 137.9 billion rubles.

Non-ferrous metallurgy

The titanium concern VSMPO-AVISMA first entered the list of private companies in 2013, when the state corporation Rostec sold 45.4% of its shares to management headed by Mikhail Shelkov, a longtime associate of the head of Rostec Sergey Chemezov. Now Chemezov holds the post of chairman of the board of directors of the company, and Shelkov was elected his deputy. Rostec still owns 25% + one share of VSMPO, but this does not prevent the company from entering into large contracts with Boeing and Airbus. Moreover, despite the aggravation of relations between Russia and the West, in the summer of 2015 VSMPO-AVISMA agreed to expand cooperation with these aviation concerns.

98. Kievskaya Square

Revenue: RUB 61.5 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: God Nisanov

Number of employees: 23,000

Real estate

The company of billionaires Zarakh Iliev and God Nisanov is known as an operator and owner of markets and shopping centers, but is also developing other real estate formats. In 2014, Sergei Sobyanin opened the Food City wholesale complex on Kaluzhskoye Shosse: its total sales area exceeds 346,000 sq. m, the warehouse area is more than 300,000 sq. m. There are 2,000 parking spaces for trade with trucks, the registration of the lease of a parking space, according to the administration, takes only 30 minutes, and you can rent it for a short time - for five days. As a result, many merchants from the closed vegetable warehouse in Biryulyovo moved to Food City. In 2015, Kievskaya Ploshchad opened Europe's largest oceanarium at VDNKh.

99. EFKO

Revenue: RUB 61.4 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Alekseevka, Belgorod region

CEO: Evgeny Lyashenko

Number of staff: 9318

Agroprom

In 1992, Valery Kustov and several top managers privatized an essential oil company in the town of Alekseevka (Belgorod Region) and created the EFKO company (Sloboda brand). In the early 2000s, EFKO began to produce fats for the food and confectionery industries, and then built its own oil transshipment terminal and oil extraction plant in Taman. The company is developing new markets and in 2015 began to produce yogurt under the Sloboda brand (200 tons of products per day). Within five years, EFKO intends to enter the top 5 largest yoghurt producers in Russia.

100. PIK

Revenue: RUB 61.3 billion (IFSO)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Sergey Gordeev

Number of employees: 11,000

Net profit: RUB 3.8 billion

Net debt: RUB 10.3 billion

Capitalization: 124.8 billion rubles.

Construction

PIK, one of the largest housing developers in Moscow and the Moscow region, was founded by Kirill Pisarev and Yuri Zhukov. In 2009, due to the high debt load, the partners ceded PIK to Suleiman Kerimov, and now the main shareholder of the company is former senator Sergei Gordeev (29.9%), Alexander Mamut owns 16%, Mikail Shishkhanov - 9.8%, the remaining 44% are in free circulation. In the spring of 2015, it became known that PIK KG received the right to develop the territory of the former VDNKh motor depot with an area of ​​34 hectares, which is located in the Otradnoye district. Revenue from the sale of housing in the first half of 2015 fell by a quarter, to 18.6 billion rubles.

101. AEON Corporation

Revenue: RUB 60.9 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Mikhail Smirnov

Number of employees: 13 159

Transport

The AEON group was created by Roman Trotsenko. It consists of three dozen enterprises of various profiles, including three shipyards, two river shipping companies, a development company and 11 airports. In August 2015, it became known that AEON would build a residential complex on a site in Moscow that used to belong to Sergey Polonsky's Mirax Group. AEON also got "Federation2" in Moscow City, which belonged to Polonsky's structures. AEON is a member of the international yacht building consortium Timmerman Yachts. The name (in honor of Franz Timmermann, who "employed" Peter the Great at the Amsterdam shipyards) was invented by the son of the former Minister of Transport Sergei Frank Gleb, who worked at one of Trotsenko's enterprises.

102. Volga-Dnepr

Revenue: RUB 60.9 billion IFRS

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Alexey Isaikin

Transport

103. Morton

Revenue: RUB 60.7 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Alexander Nopin

Number of staff: 8030

Construction

104. Eurocement group

Revenue: RUB 60.1 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Mikhail Skorokhod

Number of employees: 17,556

Construction Materials

105. Globalstroy- Engineering

Revenue: RUB 60 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Alexey Smirnov

Number of employees: 17,883

Construction

106. Confectionery house Vostok

Revenue: RUB 59.9 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Tomsk

President: Sergey Bratushev

Agroprom

107. Rusagro

Revenue: 59.1 billion rubles (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Maxim Basov

Number of employees: 9335

EBITDA: RUB 18.06 billion

Net debt: RUB 3.61 billion

Net profit: RUB 20.2 billion

Capitalization: $933 million (LSE)

Agroprom

108. Transtechservice

Revenue: RUB 58.9 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Naberezhnye Chelny

CEO: Vyacheslav Zubarev

Number of staff: 4895

Trade

109. Finstar

Revenue: RUB 58.3 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Oleg Boyko

Number of staff: 4800

Real estate

110. Element-Trade

Revenue: RUB 57.85 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Yekaterinburg

Chairman of the Board of Directors: Roman Zabolotnov

Number of employees: 13,000

Trade

111. R-Pharm

Revenue: RUB 57.8 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Vasily Ignatiev

Number of staff: 3000

Trade

112. Maria-Ra

Headquarters: Barnaul

CEO: Alexander Rakshin

Number of employees: 16,900

Trade

113. GK Agro-Belogorye

Revenue: RUB 57.6 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Belgorod

CEO: Vladimir Zotov

Number of employees: 8581

Agroprom

114. Intertorg

Revenue: RUB 55.9 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

CEO: Mushvig Abdullayev

Number of employees: 14,300

Trade

115. Pharmaceutical company Pulse

Revenue: RUB 55 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Khimki

CEO: Mikhail Sirotin

Net profit: 588 million rubles.

Trade

116. Red and White

Revenue: RUB 55 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Chelyabinsk

CEO: Sergey Studennikov

Trade

117. Kazanorgsintez

Revenue: RUB 54.6 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Kazan

CEO: Farid Minigulov

Number of staff: 8650

Net profit: RUB 6.1 billion

Net debt: RUB 15.7 billion

Capitalization: 48.7 billion rubles.

Petrochemistry

118. Seventh Continent

Revenue: RUB 54.2 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Alexander Ageenkov

Net profit: RUB 8.5 billion

Number of employees: 10,000

Trade

119. Company Holiday

Revenue: RUB 53.3 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Novosibirsk

CEO: Nikolai Skorokhodov

Number of employees: 18,000

Trade

120. Avilon

Revenue: RUB 52.6 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Andrey Pavlovich

Trade

121. Metal set-M

Revenue: RUB 51.9 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Dmitry Borshchinsky

Number of staff: 1700

Trade

122. Neftetransservice

Revenue: RUB 50.9 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Alexander Tertychny

Net debt: RUB 11.8 billion

Net profit: 600 million rubles.

Transport

123. Group of companies Metal Profile

Revenue: RUB 50.9 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Lobnya

CEO: Viktor Cherkas

Number of staff: 3612

Ferrous metallurgy

124. Yandex

Revenue: RUB 50.8 billion (US GAAP)

Headquarters: The Hague

CEO: Arkady Volozh

Number of staff: 5616

Net debt: RUB 8.65 billion

Net profit: RUB 17 billion

Capitalization: $3.26 billion (NASDAQ)

125. Autospecial center

Revenue: RUB 50.6 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Alexander Khalilov

Number of staff: 3500

Trade

126. Velesstroy

Revenue: RUB 50.3 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Zlatko Penic

Number of staff: 5500

Construction

127. Walmart

Revenue: RUB 50 billion (company data)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

CEO: Sergey Fedorinov

Number of staff: 5000

Trade

128. Novoshakhtinsky Oil Plant

Revenue: RUB 49.5 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Novoshakhtinsk

CEO: Sergey Pankov

Number of staff: 1500

Net debt: RUB 17.2 billion

Net profit: RUB 1.97 billion

Petrochemistry

129. Sollers

Revenue: RUB 47.9 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Vadim Shvetsov

Number of employees: 19 300

Net debt: RUB 5.4 billion

Net loss: RUB 3.7 billion

Capitalization: 13.6 billion rubles.

mechanical engineering

130. United Confectioners

Revenue: RUB 47.6 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Dmitry Andryushkin

Agroprom

131. Stroytransgaz

Revenue: RUB 47.6 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Mikhail Khryapov

Number of staff: 2917

Construction

132. Industrial and metallurgical holding

Revenue: RUB 47.2 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Evgeny Zubitsky

Number of staff: 13942

Net debt: RUB 38.7 billion

Net loss: RUB 7.7 billion

Ferrous metallurgy

133. Civil Code Independence

Revenue: RUB 47.1 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

Chief Managing Director: Elena Zhuravleva

Trade

134. Transengineering

Revenue: RUB 46.1 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Eldar Nagaplov

Construction

135. Quadra - generating company

Revenue: RUB 45.9 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Tula

CEO: Vladlen Alexandrovich

Number of employees: 7116

Net debt: RUB 29.75 billion

Net loss: RUB 5.6 billion

Capitalization: 5.2 billion rubles.

Power industry

136. Children's world

Revenue: RUB 45.4 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Vladimir Chirakhov

Number of staff: 7000

Net profit: 2 billion rubles.

Trade

137. Technoserv

Revenue: RUB 45.15 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Sergey Korneev

Number of staff: 2700

138. Rust

Revenue: RUB 44 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Grant Winterton

Number of staff: 4500

Agroprom

139. SK Most

Revenue: RUB 43.9 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Victor Friesen

Number of employees: 20,000

Construction

140. Petersburg Fuel Company

Revenue: RUB 43.9 billion (company data)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

Chairman of the Board of Directors: Yuri Antonov

Number of staff: 3723

Trade

141. Transyuzhstroy

Revenue: RUB 43.2 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Belgorod

CEO: Alexander Shevelev

Number of staff: 6200

Construction

142. Far Eastern Shipping Company

Revenue: RUB 42.8 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Konstantin Sokolov

Number of staff: 1406

Net debt: RUB 59 billion

Net loss: RUB 6.2 billion

Capitalization: 7.67 billion rubles.

Transport

143. Fix Price

Revenue: RUB 41.85 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Dmitry Kirsanov

Trade

144. SBV-Klyuchavto

Revenue: RUB 41.4 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Krasnodar Territory

CEO: Viktor Sergeev

Number of staff: 3011

Trade

145. Pharmstandard

Revenue: RUB 41.2 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Dolgoprudny

CEO: Grigory Potapov

Number of staff: 6655

Net debt: minus 4.5 billion rubles.

Net profit: RUB 11.1 billion

Capitalization: 38.8 billion rubles.

Pharmaceutical teak

146. Domodedovo International Airport

Revenue: RUB 41.2 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Domodedovo

CEO: Igor Borisov

Number of employees: 13,790

Net debt: minus 500 million rubles.

Net profit: RUB 11.4 billion

Transport

147. ABC of taste

Revenue: RUB 41 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Vladimir Sadovin

Number of staff: 8500

Trade

148. CenterShoes

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Evgeny Peshkun

Trade

149. Adamas

Revenue: RUB 40 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

Executive Director: Maxim Weinberg

Number of staff: 2628

Trade

150. Steel industry company

Revenue: RUB 39.9 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Yekaterinburg

CEO: Alexey Sukhnev

Number of employees: 2676

Trade

151. Transbunker

Revenue: 39.2 billion rubles (estimate)

Headquarters: Moscow

Chairman of the Board: Albert Tralla

Number of staff: 1680

Transport

152. DSK-1

Revenue: RUB 38.8 billion

(RAS) Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Anatoly Konstantinov

Number of staff: 9000

Construction

153. Magnatek

Revenue: RUB 38.6 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Sergey Kirichenko

Number of employees: 252

Net debt: RUB 11.2 billion

Net loss: RUB 613 million

Trade

154. Chelyabinsk Electrometallurgical Plant

Revenue: RUB 38.2 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Chelyabinsk

CEO: Pavel Khodorovsky

Number of staff: 7440

Ferrous metallurgy

155. Samaraenergo

Revenue: RUB 38.1 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Samara

CEO: Oleg Derbenev

Number of staff: 1017

Net debt: RUB 2.1 billion

Net profit: 3.8 million rubles.

Capitalization: 800 million rubles.

Power industry

156. Sweet Life

Revenue: RUB 37.77 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Nizhny Novgorod

CEO: Albert Gusev

Number of staff: 6929

Trade

157. South of Russia

Revenue: RUB 37.6 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Rostov-on-Don

CEO: Alexey Fedorov

Number of employees: 14,000

Agroprom

158. Don-Stroy Invest

Revenue: 37.3 billion rubles (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Alena Deryabina

Construction

159. Yekaterinburg commercial and industrial company

Revenue: RUB 36.7 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Yekaterinburg

CEO: Sergey Shmelev

Number of staff: 176

Non-ferrous metallurgy

160. Novorossiysk Commercial Sea Port

Revenue: RUB 36.3 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Novorossiysk

CEO: Sultan Batov

Number of employees: 6914

Net debt: RUB 79 billion

Net loss: RUB 16 billion

Capitalization: 53 billion rubles.

Transport

161. Gradient

Revenue: RUB 35 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Alexander Golubkovich

Number of staff: 5100

Trade

162. Orimi Trade

Revenue: RUB 34.97 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Leningrad region

CEO: Alexander Evnevich

Number of staff: 2864

Agroprom

163. High quality highways

Revenue: RUB 34.5 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

CEO: Valery Abramov

Construction

164.Mercury

Revenue: RUB 34 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Alexander Reebok

Trade

165. ARKS group

Revenue: RUB 34 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Dmitry Simarev

Number of staff: 6200

Construction

166. BEZRK-Belgrankorm

Revenue: RUB 34 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Belgorod region

CEO: Pavel Tereshchenko

Number of staff: 6301

Agroprom

167. Kuibyshevazot

Revenue: RUB 33.9 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Tolyatti

CEO: Viktor Gerasimenko

Number of staff: 5011

Net debt: RUB 15.3 billion

Net profit: 500 million rubles.

Capitalization: 19.5 billion rubles.

Petrochemistry

168. Oskolye

Revenue: RUB 33.8 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Belgorod

CEO: Gennady Bobritsky

Agroprom

169. Grinn Corporation

Revenue: RUB 33.7 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Kursk

CEO: Nikolay Greshilov

Number of employees: 15 100

Retail

170. Prodo

Revenue: RUB 33.6 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Petr Ilyukhin

Number of employees: 17,000

Agroprom

171. Petropavlovsk

Revenue: RUB 33.4 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: London

CEO: Pavel Maslovsky

Number of employees: 8 499

Net debt: RUB 52.5 billion

Net loss: RUB 13.5 billion

Capitalization: $300 million (LSE)

Gold mining

172.1C

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Boris Nuraliev

Number of staff: 1000

173.ITG

Revenue: RUB 33.3 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Vladimir Varivoda

Number of employees: 2747

174. Soft line

Headquarters: Moscow

Chairman of the Board of Directors: Igor Borovikov

Number of staff: 3425

175. GC Nevada

Revenue: RUB 33.2 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Khabarovsk

President: Yuri Egorov

Retail and wholesale

176. Solar products

Revenue: RUB 33.2 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Saratov

CEO: Oleg Podgorny

Number of employees: 4503

Agroprom

177. Group Synthesis

Revenue: RUB 33.1 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Vadim Ibadov

Number of employees: 10,000

Power industry

178. Group E4

Revenue: RUB 33 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Andrey Malyshev

Number of employees: 11,000

Power industry

179. Rolsen

Revenue: RUB 32.9 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Seoul

President: Anselmo Young

Appliances

180. Production company VIS

Revenue: RUB 32.6 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Igor Snegurov

Number of staff: 3056

Construction

181 Favorit Motors

Revenue: RUB 32.4 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

President: Vladimir Popov

Number of staff: 2220

Trade

182. Mail.Ru Group

Revenue: RUB 32.3 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Dmitry Grishin

Number of staff: 3552

Net debt: RUB 17.5 billion

Net profit: RUB 12.5 billion

Capitalization: $3.7 billion (LSE)

183. Ostankino MPK

Revenue: RUB 32.3 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Mikhail Popov

Number of employees: 3836

Agroprom

184. Rhythm-2000

Revenue: RUB 32.3 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Tver

CEO: Denis Konoplyanko

Number of employees: 10,000

Trade

185. Permenergosbyt

Revenue: RUB 32.1 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Perm

CEO: Igor Shershakov

Number of staff: 1401

Net debt: minus 229 million rubles.

Net profit: 322 million rubles.

Capitalization: 2.3 billion rubles.

Power industry

186. Rostselmash

Revenue: RUB 31.8 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Rostov-on-Don

CEO: Valery Maltsev

Number of staff: 9000

Net profit: RUB 1.3 billion

mechanical engineering

187. Crocus Group

Revenue: RUB 31.65 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Krasnogorsk

President: Aras Agalarov

Number of staff: 8958

Construction

188. NMGK

Revenue: RUB 30.86 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Nizhny Novgorod

CEO: Alexey Maslennikov

Number of staff: 4000

Agroprom

189. SDS-Azot

Revenue: RUB 30.4 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Kemerovo

CEO: Igor Bezukh

Number of staff: 7000

fertilizers

190. Corporation Glavmosstroy

Revenue: RUB 30.3 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Evgeny Fedorov

Number of staff: 7240

Construction

191. Absolut trading house

Revenue: RUB 30.1 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Eduard Najer

Number of staff: 550

Trade

192. Pegas Touristic

Revenue: RUB 30 billion (grade)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Anna Podgornaya

193. Stroyservis

Revenue: RUB 29.9 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Kemerovo

CEO: Dmitry Nikolaev

194. BTK Group

Revenue: RUB 29.6 billion (company data)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Georgy Drachev

Number of employees: 6519

Light industry

195. Group company Rive Gauche

Revenue: RUB 29.5 billion (company data)

Headquarters: St. Petersburg

CEO: Pavel Karaban

Number of staff: 6500

Trade

196. Polyplastic Group

Revenue: RUB 29 billion (IFRS)

Headquarters: Omsk

President: Miron Gorilovsky

Number of staff: 5095

Petrochemistry

197. UMMC Trans

Revenue: RUB 29 billion (RAS)

Headquarters: Moscow

CEO: Vladimir Tarasenko

Number of staff: 68

Transport

198. Sibuglemet

Revenue: RUB 28.2 billion (RAS)

Fuel resources provide energy not only for the entire industry of any country in the world, but also for almost all spheres of human life. The most important part of Russia is the oil and gas sector.

The oil and gas industry is a generalized name for a complex of industrial enterprises for the extraction, transportation, processing and distribution of the final products of oil and gas processing. This is one of the most powerful sectors of the Russian Federation, largely forming the country's budget and balance of payments, providing foreign exchange earnings and maintaining the national currency.

History of development

The beginning of the formation of the oil field in the industrial sector is considered to be 1859, when mechanical drilling of wells was first used in the United States. Now almost all oil is produced through wells with only a difference in the efficiency of production. In Russia, the extraction of oil from drilled wells began in 1864 in the Kuban. The production debit at that time was 190 tons per day. In order to increase profits, much attention was paid to the mechanization of extraction, and already at the beginning of the 20th century, Russia took a leading position in oil production.

The first major regions for the extraction of oil in Soviet Russia were the North Caucasus (Maikop, Grozny) and Baku (Azerbaijan). These dwindling old deposits did not meet the needs of the developing industry, and significant efforts were made to discover new deposits. As a result, several fields were put into operation in Central Asia, Bashkiria, Perm and Kuibyshev regions, the so-called Volga-Ural base was created.

The volume of oil produced reached 31 million tons. In the 1960s, the amount of black gold mined increased to 148 million tons, of which 71% came from the Volga-Ural region. In the 1970s, deposits in the West Siberian basin were discovered and put into operation. With oil exploration, a large number of gas deposits have been discovered.

Importance of the oil and gas industry for the Russian economy

The oil and gas industry has a significant impact on the Russian economy. Currently, it is the basis for budgeting and ensuring the functioning of many other sectors of the economy. The value of the national currency largely depends on world oil prices. The carbon energy resources produced in the Russian Federation make it possible to fully satisfy domestic demand for fuel, ensure the energy security of the country, and also make a significant contribution to the global energy and raw materials economy.

The Russian Federation has a huge hydrocarbon potential. The Russian oil and gas industry is one of the world's leading ones, fully meeting domestic current and future needs for oil and refined products. A significant amount of hydrocarbon resources and their products is exported, providing replenishment of the foreign exchange reserves. Russia ranks second in the world in terms of liquid hydrocarbon reserves with a share of about 10%. Oil reserves have been explored and developed in the bowels of 35 constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Oil and gas industry: structure

There are several structural basic processes that make up the oil and gas industry: the oil and gas production, transportation and processing industries.

• Hydrocarbon production is a complex process that includes field exploration, well drilling, direct production and primary purification from water, sulfur and other impurities. The production and pumping of oil and gas to the commercial metering unit is carried out by enterprises or structural subdivisions, the infrastructure of which includes booster and cluster pumping stations, water discharge installations and oil pipelines.
• Transportation of oil and gas from production sites to metering stations, to processing enterprises and to the final consumer is carried out using pipeline, water, road and rail transport. and trunk) are the most economical way to transport hydrocarbons, despite the very expensive facilities and maintenance. Oil and gas are transported by pipelines over long distances, including across different continents. Transportation by waterways using tankers and barges with a displacement of up to 320 thousand tons is carried out in intercity and international communications. Rail and trucks can also be used to transport crude oil over long distances, but are most cost-effective on relatively short routes.
• The processing of crude hydrocarbon energy carriers is carried out in order to obtain various types of petroleum products. First of all, these are different types of fuel and raw materials for subsequent chemical processing. The process is carried out at oil refineries refineries. The final products of processing, depending on the chemical composition, are divided into different grades. The final stage of production is the mixing of the various obtained components in order to obtain the required composition corresponding to a specific

Fields of the Russian Federation

The Russian oil and gas industry includes 2,352 oil fields under development. The largest oil and gas region in Russia is Western Siberia, it accounts for 60% of all extracted black gold. A significant part of oil and gas is produced in the Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrugs. The volume of production of the product in other regions of the Russian Federation:

• Volga-Ural base - 22%.
• Eastern Siberia - 12%.
• Northern deposits - 5%.
• Caucasus - 1%.

The share of Western Siberia in natural gas production reaches almost 90%. The largest deposits (about 10 trillion cubic meters) are in the Urengoy field in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The volume of gas production in other regions of the Russian Federation:

• Far East - 4.3%.
• Volga-Ural deposits - 3.5%.
• Yakutia and Eastern Siberia - 2.8%.
• Caucasus - 2.1%.

and gas

The task of processing is to turn crude oil and gas into marketable products. Refined products include heating oil, gasoline for vehicles, jet fuel, diesel fuel. The refinery process includes distillation, vacuum distillation, catalytic reforming, cracking, alkylation, isomerization and hydrotreating.

Natural gas processing includes compression, amine cleaning, glycol drying. The fractionation process involves the separation of the liquefied natural gas stream into its constituent parts: ethane, propane, butane, isobutane and natural gasoline.

The largest companies in Russia

Initially, all major oil and gas fields were developed exclusively by the state. Today, these objects are available for use by private companies. In total, the oil and gas industry of Russia has more than 15 large producing enterprises, among which are the well-known Gazprom, Rosneft, Lukoil, Surgutneftegaz.

The oil and gas industry in the world allows solving important economic, political and social tasks. Given the favorable situation on the world energy markets, many oil and gas suppliers are making significant investments in the national economy through export proceeds and are demonstrating exceptional growth dynamics. The most illustrative examples are the countries of Southwest Asia, as well as Norway, which, with low industrial development, thanks to hydrocarbon reserves, has become one of the most prosperous countries in Europe.

Development prospects

The oil and gas industry of the Russian Federation is largely dependent on the behavior of the main competitors in the market for production: Saudi Arabia and the United States. By itself, the total amount of hydrocarbons produced does not determine world prices. The dominant indicator is the percentage of production in a single oil power. The cost of production in different leading countries in terms of production varies significantly: the lowest in the Middle East, the highest in the United States. When the volume of oil production is unbalanced, prices can change both in one direction and in the other.

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In the list of the 20 largest enterprises in Russia, almost half are oil companies. The largest companies in terms of profit: Gazprom, Rosneft, Surgutneftegaz, Lukoil, Tatneft, Rusneft, NOVATEK.

The oil and gas industry in our country is the main source of state budget revenues. A brief review shows that the largest oil companies in Russia are operating at a profit, despite the fall in world prices for hydrocarbons. The list was compiled on the basis of Expert RA (RAEX) data, the rating is based on the amount of net profit for 2015 (Fig. 1).

1. PJSC Gazprom

• Legal address: Russia, Moscow (Gazprom Neft - St. Petersburg)
• Information about the owners. The Russian Federation owns a controlling stake - 50.2% of the global energy company, including 95.7% of the shares of the Gazprom Neft subsidiary. In American depositary receipts - 27.7%, and other persons - 22%.
• Capitalization -$44 billion as of December 2015 (MICEX - Moscow International Currency Exchange).

Gazprom produces 72% of gas in Russia, the share in world production is 11%. In terms of reserves, it ranks 1st in the world. It has a monopoly on the export of pipeline gas. Gazprom Neft ranks 4th in the production of liquid hydrocarbons, and is among the top three in terms of refining volume. The consolidation of Gazprom's assets was carried out by the Russian billionaire Alisher Usmanov, thanks to whom in 2007 the company entered the list of 100 largest companies in the world.

2. PJSC Surgutneftegaz

• Legal address: Russia, KhMAO, city of Surgut
• Information about the owners. Information about beneficial owners is not directly disclosed. In indirect sources, there is information that the main part belongs to the general director Vladimir Bogdanov, but he never officially confirmed it. In the list of affiliated persons, he has only 0.3% of the shares.
• Capitalization -$18.2 billion as of December 31, 2016 (LSE - London Stock Exchange).

The company is engaged in oil and gas production in Western and Eastern Siberia, on the Timan-Pechora Ridge (67 fields in total). It is known for keeping most of its profits on deposits (at the end of 2014 - about 2 trillion rubles). Surgutneftegaz is not interested in the growth of shares, and pays very small dividends. He invests in non-core assets, is the owner of the air carrier UTair (75%).

3. PJSC NK Rosneft

• Legal address: Russia Moscow
• Information about the owners. As of December 2016, 50.1% belong to the Russian Federation (OJSC Rosneftegaz); 19.75% - British BP; 19.5 - joint consortium (Switzerland, Qatar); 7.5% - circulate in the form of global depositary notes.
• Capitalization -$57.6 billion as of December 31, 2016 (MICEX).

Rosneft entered the list of major oil companies in Russia after the purchase of TNK-BP (2012), one of the main owners of which was Mikhail Fridman. $54 billion was paid for the new assets, and 4 years later, the full cost of Rosneft dropped to this figure. In October 2015, as part of privatization, it acquired a 50.08% stake in NK Bashneft (state-owned stake), which in 2015 ranked first in terms of production growth (+11%).

4. PJSC Oil Company LUKOIL

• Legal address: Russia Moscow
• Information about the owners. For 2015, the company's managers consolidated more than 50% of the shares. The largest stake belongs to President Vagit Alekperov - 22.96%, Vice President Leonid Fedun - 9.78%. Subsidiary "Lukoil Investments Cyprus Ltd." owns 16.18%, the rest are in free float.
• Capitalization -$35.5 billion as of December 31, 2015 (according to LSE).

The structure includes over 45 subsidiaries in almost 20 countries, including Iraq, Egypt, Iran, South America and Europe. In 2009, on the orders of the Federal Antimonopoly Service, the FAS paid a fine of 6.5 billion rubles for actions that led to an increase in wholesale prices for gasoline, kerosene and diesel fuel. In 2012, at the auction for the right to develop fields in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, the company paid almost 51 billion rubles, beating major competitors: Gazprom and Rosneft.

5. PJSC Tatneft im. V.D. Shashina

• Legal address: Russia, Republic of Tatarstan, city of Almetyevsk
• Information about the owners. The largest owner is the Government of Tatarstan - 35.9%, the Ministry of Land Property of the Republic of Tatarstan - 30.44%, Russian citizens own about 9% of the shares, 5% belongs to Taif LLC (controls over 95% of the petrochemistry and oil refining of Tatar oil).
• Capitalization -$9.8 billion as of December 31, 2015 (according to the company).

The main resource base of the company is located on the territory of Tatarstan. Outside the republic (Syria, Libya) in 2015, less than 1% of the volume was produced. Tatneft is actively developing refining production. Over the period from 2010 to 2015, the share of refining in relation to production increased from 0.8% to 34.1%. Nizhnekamsk Tire Plant, owned by the company, provides 72% of the total volume of all-steel steel tires produced in Russia.

6. PJSC NK RussNeft

• Legal address: Russia Moscow
• Information about the owners. According to the company, as of November 2016, 60% of the shares belong to Mikhail Gutseriev and his family, 25% to the Swiss trader Glencore and 15% are in free float, traded on the MICEX.
• Capitalization -$2.5 billion as of November 25, 2016 (MICEX).

RussNeft is the only oil company in Russia, which was established in 2002, having nothing to do with privatization, but by consolidating the assets of a number of small enterprises. From 2006 to 2010, she was persecuted by the FAS. In November 2016, she held an IPO on the Moscow Exchange, placing a 20% stake, and raised about $500 million. It develops deposits in the Volga region, the Orenburg region, Azerbaijan, and Western Siberia (123 licenses in total).

7. PJSC Novatek

• Legal address: Russia Moscow
• Information about the owners. The founder of the company, Leonid Mikhelson, owns a 24.8% stake, 23.5% - oil trader Gennady Timchenko, Gazprom - 10%, 15% - Total E&P Arctic Russia.
• Capitalization -$28 billion as of April 22, 2016 (LSE).

The company has 36 licenses for gas fields in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, and is among the 5 largest companies in the world in terms of gas reserves. Currently, he is implementing a global project for the construction of a plant for the production of liquefied gas, from where it will be sent to China, Korea, and Japan. A cargo port is also being built there. About 22 thousand builders and 3.6 thousand units of equipment are employed in the construction of the complex.

In 2015, almost all the largest oil companies in Russia showed a decrease in net profit. Exceptions: Gazprom and Novatek: they have grown many times over.

The oil and gas industry is a special branch of the economy that is engaged in the extraction, processing, storage, as well as the sale of natural resources (gas and oil). This industry is based on vertically integrated enterprises.

Extraction of oil and gas products is a very complex and time-consuming process. It includes: exploration, drilling of wells, cleaning of extracted minerals from water, sulfur and many other impurities.

The purpose of oil refining is to obtain various types of petroleum products (aviation, automotive, etc.), as well as raw materials. This is necessary for their further chemical processing. The result is gasoline, diesel fuel, kerosene, technical oils.

Gas industry enterprises

This is the fastest growing and youngest branch in the fuel industry. Extraction of natural gas is two times cheaper than oil, and 10 times cheaper than coal. On the entire territory of the Russian Federation there is about one third of the explored reserves of natural gas. They are estimated at 160 trillion cubic meters. Of this volume, about 11 percent is supplied to Europe, and 84% to the Eastern market.

About 90 percent of natural gas is produced in Western Siberia. Here are the largest deposits. The industrial reserves of this region exceed half of all Russia's resources (about 60 percent). Other gas-producing regions include the Urals - this is the Orenburg gas condensate field. There is natural gas in the Lower Volga region, the North Caucasus and the Far East of the country. The offshore areas of the Sea of ​​Okhotsk and the Arctic are considered promising areas for gas production.

For the transportation of gas in the Russian Federation, there is a common gas supply system, which includes: fields, a gas pipeline network, underground storage facilities, compressor-type stations and other installations.

Gazprom is a company in the oil and gas industry, which is the industry leader and the largest gas producing company in the world. It is Russia's most important natural monopoly. Gazprom provides about 94 percent of all gas production in the country.

Oil industry enterprises

In this area, they are engaged not only in oil production, but also in its transportation. In addition, associated gas production is also carried out. On the territory of the Russian Federation there are quite a lot of already found oil reserves. This allows Russia to take sixth place in the world in this industry.

The most studied and developed natural resources are in the Volga-Ural region. It is here that the largest oil fields are located. But the main resources are concentrated in the West Siberian District. The Timan-Pechora oil-producing bases do not stop forming either.

Here, the so-called "heavy" oil is extracted using the mine method. This is a very valuable raw material from which low-temperature oil is obtained, which is essential for the operation of equipment in harsh climates.

The privatization of the oil and gas complex (OGC) has previously divided a single system managed by the state. Private oil enterprises took possession of all production facilities and the national wealth of Russia - oil fields and reserves. NGK has 17 companies.

Lukoil is a large enterprise in the oil and gas industry, accounting for about 19 percent of oil production. In addition to this company, there are also TNK, Rosneft, Sibneft and Surgutneftegaz.

Due to the increased production of petroleum products in the eastern regions, as well as in the north, the problem of their transportation arose. The most effective solution was pipelines. But thanks to the development of a network of oil pipelines, it became possible to bring oil refining closer to the places of its consumption.

The location of oil and gas companies is directly related to the volume of consumption of petroleum products in various areas, the technology of processing, oil transportation, as well as the territorial relationship between places of consumption and resources.

Oil and gas industry enterprises at the exhibition

At the exhibition "Neftegaz", which takes place in a very convenient and large-scale Expocentre Fairgrounds, each of you can learn in more detail about all the available oil and gas fields, which enterprises are engaged in their production, what awaits the oil and gas complex in the promising future and sign contracts with oil and gas industry enterprises.

Expocentre is a very convenient exhibition site, which is located in the central district of Moscow. This, in turn, can guarantee you not only comfortable working conditions, but also travel.

Thanks to the highest professionalism of all exhibition services, clear logistics and prompt execution of the necessary customs documents are ensured. Organizers exhibitions "Neftegaz" help with unloading, loading, installation and connection of equipment.

Many leading enterprises of the oil and gas industry participate in the annual Neftegaz exhibition.

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