Modular lesson "machine-building complex of Russia". Presentation in geography on the topic "Engineering complex of Russia" (grade 9) Modular lesson "Engineering complex of Russia

Lesson objectives: Determine the importance and role of the Russian machine-building complex. Determine the significance and role of the Russian machine-building complex. Determine the main task of the MSC RF. Determine the main task of the MSC RF. To get acquainted with the sectoral composition of the machine-building complex of Russia. To get acquainted with the sectoral composition of the machine-building complex of Russia. Get to know accommodation factors engineering enterprises To get acquainted with the factors of location of machine-building enterprises. To identify the features and problems of the Russian machine-building complex. To identify the features and problems of the machine-building complex of Russia.

Machine building complex is a set of industries that produce a variety of machines. A machine is a mechanism that performs some kind of work (it is not only a car, but also a machine tool, a tractor, a TV set, a ship, a computer, equipment, etc.).

The role and importance of mechanical engineering. It accounts for 36% of enterprises, 29% of employees, 15% of Russian industrial products. It accounts for 36% of enterprises, 29% of employees, 15% of Russian industrial products. Mechanical engineering products are used everywhere: in industry, agriculture, everyday life, in transport, in the armed forces. Mechanical engineering products are used everywhere: in industry, agriculture, everyday life, in transport, in the armed forces. Determines the pace of the scientific and technological revolution. Determines the pace of the scientific and technological revolution. An important function of MSC is the conversion of enterprises of the defense complex (defense industry). An important function of MSC is the conversion of enterprises of the defense complex (defense industry).

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AGRICULTURE ELECTRIC POWER TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION COMPLEX OTHER INDUSTRIES Prove orally that MSC enterprises are connected with other inter-industry complexes. Specify what products they exchange. TRACTORS, COMBINES, ETC. TURBINES REACTORS ETC. CARS, AIRCRAFT, DIESEL LOCOMOTIVES, LOCOMOTIVES… CRANES, STACKING ROLLERS, … TVS, REFRIGERATORS, … MACHINES, INSTRUMENTS, EQUIPMENT, …

The pace of development of the country's economy; the pace of development of the country's economy; the pace of development of mechanical engineering; the pace of development of mechanical engineering; the pace of development of new and latest branches of mechanical engineering (electronics, instrumentation). the pace of development of new and latest branches of mechanical engineering (electronics, instrumentation). By the beginning of the 90s, the pace of development is not observed: 1:0.98:1 124::

There are the following problems in the mechanical engineering of Russia The following problems exist in the mechanical engineering of Russia: The following problems exist in the mechanical engineering of Russia There are the following problems in the mechanical engineering of Russia The following problems exist in the mechanical engineering of Russia: The following problems exist in the mechanical engineering of Russia 4. Low quality of raw materials (metals, plastics, etc.). Outdated equipment at machine-building plants, outdated technologies for the production of machines. Low rates of product renewal in the face of constantly changing demand (including due to the predominance of large factories, where the transition to the production of a new model is associated with enormous difficulties). Monopoly of large enterprises. Outcome: 1. Low quality of produced cars. 2. Imports of cars to Russia are growing faster than exports.

Lesson summary What is a machine-building complex? What is a machine building complex? The value of the MSC The value of the MSC The composition of the MSC The composition of the MSC Factors in the location of MSC industries Factors in the location of MSC industries Problems and prospects for the development of the complex Problems and prospects for the development of the complex

HOMEWORK: §, brief summary in workbook, work on the table 24 p. 99

Target for the teacher:

1. Introduce students to new terms and concepts.
2. To continue the formation of students' ideas and knowledge about the main intersectoral complexes and sectors of the Russian economy.
3. To form a student's idea of ​​the machine-building complex, its significance and role in the Russian economy, its place among other intersectoral complexes and sectors of the economy.
4. Analyze the relationship of mechanical engineering with other industries and intersectoral complexes.
5. To give an idea of ​​the complex sectoral composition of mechanical engineering and the peculiarities of its location on the territory of Russia.
6. To form the ability to analyze economic maps and substantiate the principles of placement of various types of machine-building enterprises.
7. To identify the features and problems of the machine-building complex of Russia.

Lesson equipment:

• Textbook "Geography of Russia" Grade 9 (authors V.P. Dronov, I.I. Barinova, V.Ya. Rom, A.A. Lobzhanidze).
• Atlas "Population and Economy of Russia" Grade 9.
• Schemes "Sectoral composition of the machine-building complex of Russia"
• Table “Engineering. Specialization of economic regions”.

Module plan.

1. organizational moments.
2. Goal setting - UE-0.
3. Introductory conversation (identifying students' knowledge of MSCs) - UE-1 .
4. Independent work student with a textbook (paragraph 10) - UE-2 - definition of the main task of the MSC.
5. Acquaintance with the sectoral composition of MSCs - UE-3 .
6. Independent work of a student with a textbook (paragraph 11) - UE-4 – familiarity with the factors of location of machine-building enterprises.
7. UE-5 - identifying the features of the placement of MSCs in Russia.
8. Group work - UE - 6 - deepening knowledge on the topic.
9. Discussion of the performance of work in groups.
10. Teamwork student under the guidance of a teacher - UE-7 - acquaintance with the specialization of various economic regions of Russia.
11. Self-control - UE - 8 - Verification of learned material.
12. Summary of the lesson. Evaluation of the work of the student in the lesson.

Module on the topic "Engineering complex of Russia".

1. Determine the importance of the machine-building complex of Russia.
2. Determine the main task of the MSC and find ways to solve it.
3. To get acquainted with the sectoral composition of the machine-building complex of Russia.
4. To get acquainted with the factors of placement of machine-building activities.
5. To identify the features of the location of the machine-building complex of Russia.
6. Acquaintance with the specialization of various economic regions of Russia.

Target: to determine the importance of the machine-building complex of Russia.

Target: determine the main task of the MSC and find ways to solve it.

1. Read the paragraph of textbook number 10.
2. Answer the questions:
   - What is the main task of MSC in the Russian economy?
   - What conditions are necessary for the fulfillment of the main task?
3. Think! What difficulties in the development of MSCs are characteristic, in your opinion, at the present stage? What is it connected with?
4. Write down the answers to the questions in your notebook.

Target: get acquainted with the sectoral composition of the MSC of Russia.

Consider the proposed two schemes "Sectoral composition of MSCs of Russia."

2. Think! On what grounds are the MSC branches subdivided?
3. How should the rates of development of MSCs and the entire national economy be related?
4. What industries within MSCs should develop most dynamically?

Target: to get acquainted with the factors of location of machine-building enterprises.

1. Read paragraph 11 of the textbook.
2. Answer the questions:
   - What factors influence the placement of MSCs on the territory of Russia?
   - What is the role of various factors in the placement of individual branches of MSCs?
3. Make a list of terms related to paragraphs 10, 11. Can you define all the terms? Test yourself.
4. Fill in the table using the map of the atlas "Machine-building complex of Russia" page No. 16:

5. What are the features of the location of MSCs on the territory of Russia?
6. Why are there machine-building plants in all regions of Russia?
7. In what part of Russia has mechanical engineering reached its highest level of development? Why?

Target: to identify the features of the placement of MSCs in Russia.

Practical work.

Using the text of paragraph No. 11 of the textbook, the map of the atlas "Machine-building complex", Figure 14 on page 47 of the textbook, independently complete the following tasks:

1. What industries are labor-intensive engineering?
2. On the map, identify the centers of development of labor-intensive engineering.
3. Compare the location of the largest centers of labor-intensive engineering and the population of Russia.
4. What industries are metal-intensive engineering?
5. On the map, identify the centers for the development of metal-intensive engineering.
6. What is the difference between mechanical engineering in the European and Asian parts of Russia?
7. What industries are science-intensive engineering?
8. Name the areas in which, in your opinion, science-intensive industries will develop, prove the correctness of your answer.
9. Compare maps showing the location of the branches of engineering and ferrous metallurgy. draw conclusions about the dependence in the location of these industries. Do they always match?
10. Think! Why are the machine tool, electrical and tool industries usually located in areas with skilled workers.
11. Write in your notebook a general conclusion about the principles of placement of metal-intensive, labor-intensive and science-intensive industries.

Target: deepen knowledge about MSCs in Russia.

Group work.

Task for group number 1.

1. What features technological process characteristic of heavy engineering?
2. On the contour map, mark the centers of heavy engineering:
   Yekaterinburg(Uralmash),
   Irkutsk and Krasnoyarsk(factories of heavy excavators),
   Novosibirsk(production of heavy machine tools, forging and pressing equipment, turbogenerators),
   Barnaul(production of steam boilers).
3. Based on map matching ( think about what) determine which factor has a leading influence on the location of heavy engineering plants in these centers.
   Keep in mind that in mechanical engineering, the consumption of raw materials per 1 ton finished products averages 1.3-1.5 tons, and the cost of transporting any machine is much higher than the cost of transporting the metal used for its production.
4. If you had to design the location of heavy machinery plants, what adjustments would you make to the existing location? In this regard, what prospects for the development of heavy engineering could you name?

Task for group number 2.

1. On the contour map, mark the following centers of auto construction:
   - production trucks – Bryansk, Ulyanovsk, Moscow, Naberezhnye Chelny, Miass.
   - production of passenger cars Nizhny Novgorod, Moscow, Izhevsk, Tolyatti.
   - bus manufacturing Likino, Pavlovo, Kurgan, Krasnodar.
2. What territorial shifts in the location of automotive manufacturing centers are currently taking place? How can you explain them?
3. Compare the location of the production of trucks, cars. What conclusion can you draw from this comparison?
4. Almost all large car manufacturing plants are concentrated in the European part of Russia. How can you explain this moment?

Target: get acquainted with the specialization of various economic regions of Russia.

1. Examine Figure 15 on page 49 "Specialization and Cooperation in Engineering".
2. Try it! Formulate a definition area specialization.
3. Consider the table "Engineering. Specialization of economic regions of Russia”.

Table 1.

“Engineering. Specialization of economic regions of Russia”.

economic region	The most important centers	Branches of specialization	Development factors
Northern	Petrozavodsk, Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, Syktyvkar, Severodvinsk	Equipment for the pulp and paper industry, skidders, shipbuilding	Customer orientation, metallurgy
Northwestern	St. Petersburg, Novgorod, Pskov, Tikhvin	Heavy, general, power engineering, electrical engineering, shipbuilding, radio electronics, optics, instrumentation.	High scientific potential, highly qualified personnel, customer orientation, metallurgy
Central	Moscow, Yaroslavl. Bryansk, Kaluga, Vladimir, Tula, Murom, Kovrov, Alexandrov	Automotive industry, electrical engineering and radio electronics, instrument making, aerospace, machine tool building, transport and agricultural engineering defense industry	Profitable EGP, high scientific potential, highly qualified personnel, concentration of the main part of consumers, metallurgy
Central Black Earth	Voronezh, Lipetsk, Kursk, Belgorod, Tambov, Yelets, Dankov, Michurinsk, Zheleznogorsk	Radio electronics, aircraft building, instrument making, mining engineering, machine tool building, tractor building	Orientation to the consumer (developed agriculture), powerful metallurgy
Volgo - Vyatka	Nizhny Novgorod, Kirov, Saransk, Cheboksary, Arzamas	Automotive industry, aircraft industry, shipbuilding, electrical engineering and radio electronics, machine tool building, tractor building, defense industry
North Caucasian	Rostov-on-Don, Krasnodar, Taganrog, Vogodonsk, Novocherkassk, Stavropol	Agricultural engineering, energy, transport engineering	Consumer orientation (developed agriculture), labor resources.
Volga region	Samara, Saratov, Volgograd, Kazan, Ulyanovsk, Penza, Astrakhan, Tolyatti, Naberezhnye Chelny, Engels	Automotive, aerospace, transport, agricultural engineering, shipbuilding, electrical engineering.	Profitable EGP, qualified personnel, customer orientation
Ural	Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Orsk, Perm, Ufa, Kurgan, Nizhny Tagil, Orenburg	Energy, heavy, transport and chemical engineering, automotive, defense industry	Profitable EGP, qualified personnel, developed metallurgy
West Siberian	Novosibirsk, Omsk, Barnaul, Kiselevsk, Prokopyevsk, Tomsk, Novokuznetsk, Rubtsovsk, Berdsk	Energy, mining, agricultural engineering, machine tool building, radio electronics, defense industry	Orientation to the consumer, high energy supply, developed metallurgy.
East Siberian	Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk, Abakan, Minusinsk	Agricultural and heavy engineering, shipbuilding, car building.	High energy supply
Far Eastern	Vladivostok, Khabarovsk, Blagoveshchensk, Komsomolsk-on-Amurk	Shipbuilding, machine tool building, agricultural engineering	Consumer Orientation

4. Compare the data in the table “Engineering. Specialization of economic regions of Russia” with atlas maps.
5. In what areas is the most and least complete composition of MSCs.
6. Try! Identify geographical patterns in the change in the set of specialized industries across Russia.

Target: self-control.

Determine the level of knowledge gained on the topic "Engineering complex of Russia".

1. The machine-building complex is a set of industries
   A) using a variety of machines;
   B) producing a variety of machines;
   C) carrying out the repair and design of machines.
2. For all branches of engineering, an important placement factor is:
   A) highly qualified personnel;
   B) highways;
   B) consumer.

3. Match:

4. Match:

5. Machine-building plants Russia are located:

A) in all economic regions;
B) only in the west of the country;
C) mainly in Central Russia.

Evaluation criterion:

• The maximum number of points is -10.
• "5" - 10 points.
• "4" - 8-9 points.
• "3" - 6-7 points.

Homework - solve the problem:

Over the past year, an intermediary merchant engaged in the purchase and sale of cars made business trips to the following CIS cities: Brest, Yekaterinburg, Zaporozhye, Izhevsk, Moscow, Nakhodka, Nizhny Novgorod, Novosibirsk, St. Petersburg, Tolyatti. What operations (purchase or sale) did the merchant carry out in each of the cities? What are the brands of cars that interested him in each city?

"Metallurgical industry" - On the reserves of Fe ore. Types of orientation Metallurgical industry. Repetition: 2. Foreign Europe: 30%. On cargo flows of coal and ore. Metallurgical industry, mechanical engineering, chemical industry peace. 3. Eastern and South-East. Tied to the areas of extraction of raw materials. Ferrous metallurgy. Why? To the coal basins.

"Oil and gas" - Hydrogen. Benzene. The main deposits of natural sources of hydrocarbons in the Russian Federation. Ignition without access of air at a temperature of about 1000°C. "Oil" - from the Arabic "naphtha" - to flow out ... Coal. Homologues of benzene and phenol. Oily flammable liquid, from brown to black in color with a peculiar odor.

"Machine-building complex" - Problems and prospects for the development of the complex. What is a machine building complex? 1:2:4. The location of engineering enterprises is influenced by a large number of factors. Factors of placement of branches of the machine-building complex. Determines the pace of the scientific and technological revolution. placement factors.

"Forestry and woodworking industry" - A) measuring fork B) measuring clamp C) measuring rail. Forestry and woodworking industry. Determining the volume of wood To determine the volume of harvested wood, use: - Measured bracket; - measuring fork; - measuring rail; Purpose: to get acquainted with the structure of the forestry and woodworking industry and the methods of timber harvesting; learn to determine the volume of harvested wood.

"Technology of Mechanical Engineering" - "Krasnoye Sormovo" plant celebrated the 100th anniversary of its birth. In the difficult years of the Great patriotic war The technical school did not curtail its work. Motor ship. Tourist rally. Gym. In 1949 General education To the level of training in disciplines On production (professional) practice. The number of students increased, and the teaching staff also increased.

"Oil Companies" - Independent oil companies in Russia. independent oil companies. Loan term: 3-5 years. Additional terms: the entry of bank representatives into the board of directors. The main source of income is proceeds from the sale of oil. ABZ Petroleum Investments Moscow November 2005. Financing of independent oil companies.

In total there are 7 presentations in the topic

Description of the presentation on individual slides:

1 slide

Description of the slide:

2 slide

Description of the slide:

UE-0. Purpose: to gain knowledge about MSC Russia LESSON PLAN: The meaning of MSC Russia. The main task of MSC and ways to solve it. Branch structure of MSC of Russia. Factors of location of machine-building enterprises.

3 slide

Description of the slide:

UE-1. Purpose: to determine the meaning of MSC in Russia 1. Find the definition of "MSC", read it carefully and write it down in your notebook. Sources: textbook, p. 70. The machine-building complex is a set of industries that produce a variety of machines. ship tower crane ammeter paver air satellite gas wrench drilling machine seeder distiller car water turbine refrigerator

4 slide

Description of the slide:

3. Prove that MSC enterprises are connected with other interbranch complexes. Specify what products they exchange. UE-1. Purpose: to determine the value of MSC in Russia

5 slide

Description of the slide:

1. What is the main task of MSC in the Russian economy? UE-2. Purpose: to determine the main task of the MSC and find ways to solve it 3. What is a conversion? Providing societies with new, more advanced machines Conversion (lat. conversio - “change”) is the transfer of the defense complex to the production of peaceful products

6 slide

Description of the slide:

7 slide

Description of the slide:

Placement factors: science intensity; laboriousness; metal consumption (raw material factor); specialization and cooperation; transport factor; consumer orientation factor UE-4. Purpose: to know the factors of location of machine-building enterprises What is the specialization of production? What is production co-operation? Specialization is the production at enterprises (in the workshop) of any one product, individual parts and parts, services. Cooperation is an association of specialized enterprises for the production of finished products.

8 slide

Description of the slide:

Placement factors and geography of machine building UE-4. Purpose: to know the factors of location of machine-building enterprises Branches of machine-building Factors of location Examples of districts and centers (at least 3) Power engineering Automotive industry Machine tool and tool industry Agricultural engineering

9 slide

Description of the slide:

Placement factors and geography of machine building UE-4. Purpose: to know the location factors of machine-building enterprises Machine-building industries Location factors Examples of districts and centers (at least 3) Power engineering Metal consumption, consumer orientation Biysk Barnaul Yekaterinburg Automotive industry Specialization and cooperation Ulyanovsk Togliatti St. Petersburg Machine tool and tool industry Labor intensity Ulyanovsk Saratov Kirov Agricultural engineering Orientation for consumer Rostov-on-Don Kurgan Tula

10 slide

Description of the slide:

Group work UE-5. Purpose: to show the ability to work with maps and deepen knowledge about the MSC of Russia Task No. 1 1. On the contour map, mark the centers of heavy engineering:  Yekaterinburg (Uralmash),  Irkutsk and Krasnoyarsk (heavy excavator factories),  Novosibirsk , press-forging equipment, turbogenerators), Barnaul (production of steam boilers). 2. On the basis of a comparison of maps (think about which ones!) Determine which factor has a leading influence on the location of heavy engineering plants in the indicated centers. 3. In mechanical engineering, the consumption of raw materials per 1 ton of finished products averages 1.3 - 1.5 tons, and the cost of transporting any machine is much higher than the cost of transporting the metal used for its production. If you had to design the location of heavy engineering plants, what adjustments would you make to the existing location? Task №2 1. On the contour map, mark the following centers of the automotive industry: production of trucks - Bryansk, Ulyanovsk, Moscow, Naberezhnye Chelny, Miass;  production of passenger cars - Nizhny Novgorod, Moscow, Izhevsk, Tolyatti. 2. Compare the location of the production of trucks and cars. What conclusion can you draw from the comparison? 3. Almost all large car manufacturing plants are concentrated in the European part of Russia. How can you explain this?

11 slide

Description of the slide:

1. MSC is a set of industries: a) using a variety of machines; b) producing a variety of machines; c) carrying out the repair and design of machines. 2. For all branches of engineering an important factor placement is (-are): a) highly qualified personnel; b) highways; c) consumer. 3. Establish a correspondence: Engineering industry: 1. Heavy engineering; 2. Automotive; 3. Agricultural engineering; The main principle of placement: a) the proximity of the metallurgical base; b) the proximity of the consumer; c) availability of transport routes. 4. Set the correspondence: Engineering industry: 1. Automotive industry; 2. Heavy engineering; 3. Machine tool building; 4. Tractor building; Centers: a) Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk; b) Yekaterinburg, Novokuznetsk, Abakan; c) Tolyatti, Ulyanovsk, Nizhny Novgorod; d) Volgograd, Chelyabinsk, Vladimir. 5. Machine-building plants in Russia are located: A) in all economic regions; B) only in the west of the country; C) mainly in Central Russia. UE-6. Purpose: self-control

1. Economic importance of the complex

2. Composition and structure of the complex

3. Main development problems

4. Placement factors

5. Territorial structure and the most important areas of concentration of industries of the complex

6. Prospects for development

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Slides captions:

Machine-building complex Compiled by the teacher of geography of the city of Smolensk MBOU secondary school No. 23 Novikova Yu. A.

Plan of characteristics of the intersectoral complex Economic significance of the complex Composition and structure of the complex Main problems of development Location factors Territorial structure and the most important areas of concentration of the industries of the complex Prospects for development

Mechanical engineering - a set of industries that produce a variety of machines

The role and importance of mechanical engineering. It accounts for 36% of enterprises, 29% of employees, 15% of Russian industrial products. Mechanical engineering products are used everywhere: in industry, agriculture, everyday life, in transport, in the armed forces. Determines the pace of the scientific and technological revolution.

The main task of mechanical engineering is to provide society with new, more and more modern machines.

Prove that MSC enterprises are connected with other interbranch complexes. Specify what products they exchange. Mechanical engineering Fuel and energy Transport Metallurgical Agro-industrial

Factors of placement of mechanical engineering: 1. Science intensity ( design bureaus, pilot plants-Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk) 2. Military-strategic (Sarov, Novouralsk, Snezhinsk) 3. Labor intensity (machine-tool building-Moscow, instrument-making-Voronezh, Penza, Ryazan) 4. Metal consumption (Yekaterinburg, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk ) 5. Specialization and cooperation (trolleybuses-Engels, main diesel locomotives-Kolomna, potato harvesters-Ryazan) 6. Transport (factories are located on major highways) 7. Orientation to the consumer (tractors for timber removal - Petrozavodsk)

At present, mechanical engineering, with favorable market conditions will develop in the following areas: 1. production of modernized machinery and equipment for enterprises with obsolete, but still functioning production lines 2. production of science-intensive products on imported equipment with the involvement of foreign capital 3. development of individual industries for the production of equipment for high technologies as on imported 4. participation in projects involving the production of technologically complex components for equipment manufactured by foreign companies abroad (inclusion of Russian technologies in international system technological cooperation)

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