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Railway operation is a profession. Head of cargo and commercial work service job description

Rail transport throughout the world and in the 21st century remains the most popular and profitable type of passenger and freight traffic. Of the total volume of cargo turnover in Russia per passenger turnover in the system railway transport falls by more than 40%, and for cargo turnover twice as much - 80%. Russian railway network serves almost 2% of the country's working population. Therefore, personnel for work in the railway transport system is in demand in our time and will be in demand for more than a decade.

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Specialty 25.05.04 "Operation of railways" and its profiles

A modern railway is an extensive network of industries that requires specialists different category and qualifications. Most railway professions require higher or secondary specialized education, which is obtained in specialized institutes, technical schools and colleges. One of the main railway specialties is "Operation of railways".

This specialization is a higher education program and involves the training of personnel who provide maintenance and operation of railway transport systems. Future qualification assigned to a graduate of the institute in this specialization: railway engineer.

The specialty has the following training profiles (in-depth study within one subject of a narrow field of activity):

The training profile is indicated not in the diploma, but in the appendix, where, after the direction and listing of general disciplines, profile disciplines are prescribed in the “specialization” column.

Professions by specialty

As can be seen from the list of profiles of this specialty, in addition to acquiring knowledge in the field of basic railway disciplines, students master marketing and information technology. This professional knowledge and skills allow them to apply for the following positions in the system of railway networks and subways of Russia:

Specialists who have received education in this specialty and have some experience in simple positions are most often appointed to leadership positions in system Maintenance and railway safety.

In addition to the engineering and technological orientation, this specialization, after graduating from the magistracy and postgraduate studies, allows you to engage in teaching and scientific activity in this area.

Where can I get training in this specialty

There are only nine major universities that train specialists for work on the Russian railways.

GUPS (Universities of Railways) are distributed in all districts of Russia and they are located in the cities of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Samara, Rostov, Yekaterinburg, Tomsk, Omsk, Irkutsk, Khabarovsk. An extensive network of branches and institutes that are part of the GUPS makes it possible for residents of many remote areas to receive a "railroad" education near their main place of residence.

The largest railway university Russian University Transport (MIIT)" is located in Moscow. MIIT has existed since 1896 and is one of the oldest educational institutions of this profile. The Institute in 1993 received the status of a university, but the corporate abbreviation, MIIT (Moscow Institute of Transport Engineers), used since 1924, was retained in the name of the educational institution.

MIIT is the main supplier of qualified personnel for the Moscow metro and metros of other Russian cities.

Education at institutes and universities messages are kept on the budget (quota, target locations) and on paid basis. Data on the number of budget, targeted and paid places are published on the official websites of educational institutions. The largest customer of specialists, paying for targeted places in railway universities and institutes, is the Russian Railways company. Every year, Russian Railways sends more than 10,000 targeted employees for training in Moscow and other regions of Russia. In order to stimulate To ensure quality education, Russian Railways implements scholarship programs and grant projects for students and universities of its profile.

Specialization "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways"

Applicants, parents and users often confuse two specialties: "Railway Operation" and "Technical Operation of Railway Rolling Stock". This happens due to the presence of three identical words in the title: "exploitation", "railroads", "roads".

The first difference between them is that "Railway Operations" is a specialty of higher education. The specialization "Technical operation of rolling stock of railways" is studied in technical schools and colleges.

The second difference lies in the additional phrase “rolling stock”, which specifies that future technologists trained in this specialization will deal with wagons, steam locomotives, locomotives, that is, equipment that moves on rails. Sphere professional activity specialty "Operation of railways" is completely different. What does the list of profiles indicate?(narrow specialization) and a list of possible positions.

Salaries of railway transport specialists

When choosing a future profession, not the last role is played by the amount of payment for the future labor activity. Those planning to enter railway universities, of course, are interested in the question of how much a railway worker receives. According to data published in the industry newspaper Gudok, the average salary of railway workers in 2016 increased to 46.8 thousand rubles. Of course, according to this “average” figure, there is no difference between the payment for the work of a nurse in a railway sanatorium and the salary of the vice president of the Russian Railways company.

But if you look at the sites, where vacancies in the railway industry are published, then in general these salaries look like this:

A position that requires higher education, experience in this profile and 2-3 years of work experience - 30-45 thousand rubles.
The position of the head of any industry sector - from 40 thousand rubles.
Positions requiring secondary specialized education (from which university graduates, as a rule, begin their work in the industry) - 22–30 thousand rubles.

These salaries are added different kinds allowances for special conditions work and awards.

In the railway transport system, except for the state transport company Russian Railways, other railway operators are also working. Payments for these commercial enterprises may differ significantly from those indicated in the article.

This article is devoted to such an interesting, but also complex field of activity as subways and Russian Railways, namely the specialization "Technical operation of railways". Let's talk about what kind of profession it is, where you can work. Let's share other information.

After what grade of school do they take?

Immediately, we note that this specialty is generalized, and it exists only in railway technical schools and colleges. And the institutions are already completely different, or rather, narrow-profile. Look: for example, the university has the specialties "Locomotives", "Wagons", "Organization of transportation by railway transport" and others. See? Everything is separate. Even the study of locomotives at different faculties has dissimilar disciplines, types of cars, locomotives. And the specialty "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways" is, as it were, a simplified and generalized version.

You can enroll after 9th grade. Or you can even go to study, even if you have a higher education (naturally, in another industry). Teaching in the daytime, evening and part-time departments. So, if there is an acute desire to leave, for example, from the food sector to the railway sector, then they will accept it without hindrance. It is necessary to pass, in addition to dictation, physics and mathematics.

Is it really necessary to have an education on the railroad?

There is an increasing demand for specialists higher education, despite the fact that there are far fewer engineering positions than usual. It is for such "ordinary" positions that people with a legal or zoological education are hired. Let's not talk about those who were hired to work in Russian Railways or in the metro. Let it not be about us. Believe me, this area requires knowledge of the profile. Imagine that the same railway worker will be put in a pharmacy behind the counter to sell medicines. Does he know much? No. So it is in the field of transport: you need to understand at least the very basics. This will help the specialty "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways", which is designed for workers of different professions.

Let's use an example to explain why education is needed here. Imagine that you have been hired to do various operations with locomotives. The worker needs to determine at some point in time what category the malfunction can be attributed to, so that the repair crews can know what to prepare for and what to fix. An illiterate operator can choose a completely different category, which will lead to problems for all workers associated with the repair. The operator will receive a reprimand or lose the bonus. And this is just one example.

What positions?

Now let's see what can be offered to a graduate of a railway technical school with the qualification "Technical operation of rolling stock of railways." What is the job of such a person? Keep in mind that many positions will require a medical examination, as the transport sector is a hazardous industry.

So, now about positions. More precisely, we first divide by various enterprises, service. As you know, there is a subway. It's all one area, one industry. In the subway, you can work in an electric depot with rolling stock, either in a repair shop or in an operation shop.

At Russian Railways, the division is not divided into workshops, but into structural units. Therefore, choose in advance: for operation or for repair. If there is a desire to work at the plant, then definitely - repair.

So let's consider:

exploitation: decoding of tapes, computer operator, contractor, line operator;
repair: locksmith, technician, defectoscopist, inspector, compiler of wagons.

Conductors and drivers

Maybe someone will ask now: "But what about the machinists, conductors? Why haven't they been reminded of them?" And they didn’t remind me because they have their own courses. There are courses for assistant drivers, conductors. Drivers are trained only after they have been assistants for the required amount of time, for example, 2 years. Conductors have their own courses.

By the way, it should be noted that in railway colleges they study to become an assistant driver (of electric trains, for example). It is completely optional to study them at the courses "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways". During the training, all students learn theory, do laboratory work and go to practice.

Is it worth going?

Remember, if you have serious health problems: poor hearing, inattention, absent-mindedness, limited movement, neurological diseases, very poor eyesight, a sick heart, weak blood vessels and a problem with pressure, then it is better to give up your idea. The profession "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways" requires the employee to be attentive and in good health. You can, of course, for the sake of interest, get an education and be a railway worker only with a diploma, no one will forbid. But it will be necessary to pass the practice (a medical examination is not needed, unless you are going to immediately go on a flight as an assistant driver or conductor).

Here are some of the points related to the profession "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways." Any nuances can arise only during the selection of a position or already in the process of work. The salary of a technician with such a profession is small, and the responsibility and psycho-emotional (or physical) load are large.

Traveling by train is one of the most popular all over the world and in our country in particular. Professions related to railway transport will be in demand for a long time to come. Some professions can be trained in or technical school. But higher education provides more opportunities for a device and a good income. Consider such a specialty as the operation of railways. Whom to work after graduation, where workers of such a profile are in demand?

Operation of railways - the activities of services for the preparation and implementation of the movement of railway transport.

This work includes all activities related to the movement of transport:

preparation and coordination of train movements;
Passenger Transportation;
operation of stations and departments;
cargo and technical activities;
maintenance of the train and transport.

The operation of railways is divided into two types: commercial and technical. Technical operation of railways - preparation and control of the movement of trains, organization of passenger transportation, development of stations and nodes.

Commercial - preparation and implementation of commercial and cargo work, corporate service.

This specialty is available only in higher education institutions. It includes several profiles:

production composition;
passenger train;
main train;
business and logistics in the field of railway transport;
cargo and commercial work;
safety of traffic and use of railway transport;
public speaking and forwarding on railway transport;
transport service.

The qualification that will be awarded to a university graduate is a railway engineer.

Specialists in this field organize the movement of trains across the country, regulate the maintenance of tracks and communications, and ensure the safety of the movement of passengers and cargo.

For admission to the railway worker, you need to take the exam in the following subjects:

Russian language;
mathematics;
physics;
social science.

Important! Please note that the requirements of different universities may vary.

Whom to work

Graduates receive knowledge not only in the field of railway disciplines, but also in the field of marketing, management and information technologies. This opens up access to an even wider range of professions.

Who can work after studying in this specialty:

head of maintenance of railway transport;
road inspector of railway transport;
track safety engineer;
logistician;
transportation and transport management engineer;
logistician;
logistics manager;
operator of automated transport lines;
train dispatcher/specialist in dispatch control of railway transportation;
transport service specialist;
technician of intermodal transport solutions;
transport planner.

After passing the necessary stages of education, you can teach.

Technical operation of rolling stock

Not many people know that the technical operation of railway rolling stock is a separate specialty. Unlike the previous one, it is also taught in secondary specialized educational institutions.

The professions that can be obtained after training are directly related to equipment moving on rails. This specialty is generalized, the previous one is narrow.

What to work after training in this specialty? Since it is wider, the choice of professions is also greater.

The railway transport system has structural subdivisions. The choice should be made based on which department you want to work in. For example, in the subway there are divisions into workshops: electric depot, repair, operation. Each workshop includes several professions.

One of the most prestigious universities in this industry is MGUPS (MIIT). Educational institution prepares specialists for work in the field of railway transport. In the program of the institution there are 64 areas and specialties of higher education and 32 areas and specialties of secondary specialized education.

educational institution includes:

branches - 24, they are located in 22 regions of the country;
institutes - 9;
academies - 4;
faculties - 4;
colleges - 3.

The university prepares personnel for 134 professions. Education is carried out according to the forms of education: full-time, part-time, part-time. Under the undergraduate program, the university provides about 2,500 state-funded and about 4,500 paid places. The cost of training per year is from 53,000 thousand rubles.

RZD training

Education does not end with the receipt of a diploma of higher or secondary specialized education. As in any other profession, you need to constantly improve your skills. Moreover, rail systems are evolving. To be in demand as a specialist, you need to keep up with the times and know how the industry is developing.

For these purposes, Russian Railways creates training centers. The official website of the department provides up-to-date information about them. In total, there are 15 such training centers in the country.

Courses are held for training and retraining of specialists, advanced training of employees. In addition, there are courses for teaching a second profession.

One of the important questions is who can be trained in these training centers:

employees of Russian Railways;
employees sent from other institutions under an agreement with Russian Railways;
persons who have entered into an agreement with the training center.

As for the latter, Training Center may make decisions on the provision of paid services to individuals and legal entities on behalf of Russian Railways.

Also in the structure of Russian Railways there is a corporate university. It was created for heads of branches and divisions. Training is conducted in 150 programs. Forms of education - full-time and distance learning.

The goals of the corporate university are the development of professional knowledge and experience, the addition and development of the skills of management personnel. One of the areas of activity is internships abroad. The university cooperates with several international universities and schools.

Jobs and vacancies

In general, Russia has an extremely developed railway network. There is no railway in only five subjects of the Russian Federation:

Kamchatka region;
Republic of Altai;
Magadan region;
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug;
Republic of Tyva.

In other subjects, the paths even pass through small towns and some villages. Therefore, railway workers are in demand everywhere.

The most popular vacancy is a road foreman. Examples of some other vacancies in Moscow:

manager of the logistics department (experience from 3 to 6 years);
design engineer (experience from 1 to 3 years);
visual communications specialist (experience from 1 to 3 years);
train compiler (no experience);
motorcar driver (no experience);
truck driver (no experience).

In some places it is possible to work on railway watch. How much these workers receive depends on the particular place of work.

Salary varies by region and locality. In large cities, the railway worker receives more. The rates are something like this:

the starting salary for positions that are hired without work experience is 20–30 thousand rubles;
salary for positions requiring 1-3 years of experience - 30-45 thousand rubles;
salary for the position of head of the industry - from 40 thousand rubles.

This work in Russia is available everywhere, but in small towns, wages in this area are lower.

An interesting moment! It is impossible not to note separately one profession of a train conductor. To work as a conductor, higher and secondary specialized education is not required. For the device, you need to contact the personnel department of the railway station. The candidate must be over 18 years of age. You will also have to complete a three-month training.

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Summing up

Working in Russia in the field of railway operation is not easy, which is why many consider it prestigious. Moreover, with the acquisition of the necessary skills and work experience, you can count on good income. College graduates often seek to continue their education and choose this specialty.

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For about two centuries, there has been one profession in demand in the field of transport - a railway engineer. From this article you will learn who it is and what it does, how to become a specialist.

The topic will be of interest not only to secondary school students and graduates, but also to those who wish to learn more about such specialists.

What is a Railway Engineer?

To begin with, you should understand the term "communication paths". This phrase implies transport, ways and roads along which equipment moves. But at present, however, as in past centuries, the phrase belongs to the railway. Even Russian institutes of railway engineers are increasingly training future railway workers, as well as builders of various objects - civil and industrial.

Let's briefly list what faculties / departments there are in railway universities, so that it becomes clear further in what areas graduates can work:

locomotives;
wagons;
power supply;
ways;
bridges and tunnels;
construction of buildings and structures;
signaling, centralization and communication;
organization of transportation management on the railway;
security in the technosphere;
special transport equipment.

To become a good specialist and love your work, you need to take the choice seriously, familiarize yourself with future profession. Now let's take a brief look at each of these areas.

Field of activity (industry)

To work with electric locomotives, diesel locomotives and metro trains, as well as multi-unit rolling stock, you should choose a specialty related to locomotives. An engineer can be both a designer / designer of advanced rolling stock, locomotives, and an employee of a depot where the described transport equipment is serviced.

Slightly different, but almost the same tasks are carried out by engineers who design or maintain trucks, passenger cars. As a rule, it is desirable for a specialist to choose a specific area: freight or passenger transportation.

You can sometimes see vacancies for a railway engineer in the field of electricity supply. The specialist must be well versed in electrical engineering, complex electrical diagrams, as well as use devices for measuring network parameters. In addition, the designer must have a good understanding of how to build electrified lines so that they are reliable, durable and safe.

The construction of railway tracks is not complete without engineering calculations, site selection, and landscape study. The same can be said about those who build bridges and tunnels, buildings and structures. Therefore, in their work, engineers of the lines of communication of all these three branches must know perfectly well mechanics, strength of materials, and be able to solve complex problems. After all, it depends on them how long bridges, paths or tunnels will last. It is on them that the health and life of every employee, passenger using these facilities during their journey depend. In addition, the strength of buildings and structures is also the merit of a competent engineer.

Signaling, centralization and communication is a field on the railway, which is engaged in the installation, maintenance and repair of special equipment for dispatching radio communications, traffic lights, track circuits, automatic blocking devices and so on. A specialist must understand not only electrics, but also electronics, radio equipment.

The organization of transportation and management is mainly dispatching work, which includes, first of all, train schedules. A person should be able to make a rational and economically feasible schedule.

Security in the technosphere or environmental security exists in order to control emissions in environment from railway enterprises, stations and hauls. In addition, an engineer can work at a depot or a factory to train personnel in safety, as well as monitor the condition of workplaces in production.

Special transport equipment - points of recovery means, utility trains. The engineer of communications in this case must understand what benefit the unit of equipment he is designing will bring, what functions it will perform.

How to become one?

What should you know?

It is not enough just to know physics and mathematics well, you need to be able to understand your work. For example, a railroad engineer with a degree in wagons must understand how a wagon works, know where which elements are located and what they are intended for.

The manager is obliged to draw up a train schedule in such a way as to ensure uninterrupted operation on the railway network, to create economic benefits.

Thus, when entering a university, it is desirable to communicate with specialists, ask what the job is. And also to clarify for yourself very important point - medical board, which we will discuss below.

Medical Commission

A medical examination is a mandatory event when applying for a job. Not only machinists, railway workers and power supply workers are required to be in good health, but also engineers. Therefore, if the heart is healthy, there are no problems with blood pressure, hearing and a serious deviation in vision, and the coordination of movement is not limited, then they will be accepted for the position.

The railway engineer regularly visits places dangerous to life and health, often communicates with junior staff, evaluates their work, and also makes recommendations for improving the quality of work. That is why medical checkup is an integral part both when applying for a job and planned (once a year or once every two years).

Who can work?

A railway engineer is a profession in demand, but, unfortunately, there may be more specialists than vacancies.

Therefore, you have to choose related positions. For example, a future foreman or boss needs to know his job. Therefore, it is worth agreeing to go to work as a locksmith in order to gain experience. The specialist will have an idea of the work in such a way as to competently manage in the future. A person with a higher education applies for the positions:

engineer;
Chief Engineer;
master / senior master;
Chief.

Therefore, a specialist always has the opportunity to get a job in any position in his profile.

What salary?

The salary of a railway engineer depends on the category, work experience, region, organization.

For example, in Moscow a specialist of the first category can receive a salary of about 55 thousand rubles, while at the same time a similar specialist in a provincial town 500 kilometers from the capital - only 20 thousand rubles.

Is there any harm in production?

Many graduates think that there can be harmfulness in production. She really is:

electromagnetic fields;
emission of harmful substances from transport equipment;
potential danger both in the workshop and on the street;
being outside while on duty;
shift work schedule.

That is why you should undergo a medical examination. In addition, the specialist is responsible for the safety at the facility.

You have learned what a railway engineer is. We hope that the article will help you understand how interesting and promising this profession is.