Cargo and commercial work specialty. Railway operation: who can go to work

Rail transport throughout the world and in the 21st century remains the most popular and profitable type of passenger and freight traffic. Of the total volume of cargo turnover in Russia per passenger turnover in the system railway transport falls by more than 40%, and for cargo turnover twice as much - 80%. Russian railway network serves almost 2% of the country's working population. Therefore, personnel for work in the railway transport system is in demand in our time and will be in demand for more than a decade.

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Specialty 25.05.04 "Operation of railways" and its profiles

A modern railway is an extensive network of industries that requires specialists different category and qualifications. Most railway professions require higher or secondary specialized education, which is obtained in specialized institutes, technical schools and colleges. One of the main railway specialties is "Operation of railways".

This specialization is a higher education program and involves the training of personnel who provide maintenance and operation of railway transport systems. Future qualification assigned to a graduate of the institute in this specialization: railway engineer.

The specialty has the following training profiles (in-depth study within one subject of a narrow field of activity):

The training profile is indicated not in the diploma, but in the appendix, where, after the direction and listing of general disciplines, profile disciplines are prescribed in the “specialization” column.

Professions by specialty

As can be seen from the list of profiles of this specialty, in addition to acquiring knowledge in the field of basic railway disciplines, students master marketing and information technology. This professional knowledge and skills allow them to apply for the following positions in the system of railway networks and subways of Russia:

Specialists who have received education in this specialty and have some experience in simple positions are most often appointed to leadership positions in system Maintenance and railway safety.

In addition to the engineering and technological orientation, this specialization, after graduating from the magistracy and postgraduate studies, allows you to engage in teaching and scientific activity in this area.

Where can I get training in this specialty

There are only nine major universities that train specialists for work on the Russian railways.

GUPS (Universities of Railways) are distributed in all districts of Russia and they are located in the cities of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Samara, Rostov, Yekaterinburg, Tomsk, Omsk, Irkutsk, Khabarovsk. An extensive network of branches and institutes that are part of the GUPS makes it possible for residents of many remote areas to receive a "railway" education near their main place of residence.

The largest railway university Russian University Transport (MIIT)" is located in Moscow. MIIT has existed since 1896 and is one of the oldest educational institutions this profile. The institute in 1993 received the status of a university, but the corporate abbreviation, MIIT (Moscow Institute of Transport Engineers), used since 1924, was retained in the name of the educational institution.

MIIT is the main supplier of qualified personnel for the Moscow metro and metros of other Russian cities.

Education at institutes and universities messages are kept on the budget (quota, target locations) and on paid basis. Data on the number of budget, targeted and paid places are published on the official websites of educational institutions. The largest customer of specialists, paying for targeted places in railway universities and institutes, is the Russian Railways company. Every year, Russian Railways sends more than 10,000 targeted employees for training in Moscow and other regions of Russia. In order to stimulate To ensure quality education, Russian Railways implements scholarship programs and grant projects for students and universities of its profile.

Specialization "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways"

Applicants, parents and users often confuse two specialties: "Railway Operation" and "Technical Operation of Railway Rolling Stock". This happens due to the presence of three identical words in the title: "exploitation", "railroads", "roads".

The first difference between them is that "Railway Operations" is a specialty of higher education. The specialization "Technical operation of rolling stock of railways" is studied in technical schools and colleges.

The second difference lies in the additional phrase “rolling stock”, which specifies that future technologists trained in this specialization will deal with wagons, steam locomotives, locomotives, that is, equipment that moves on rails. Sphere professional activity specialty "Operation of railways" is completely different. What does the list of profiles indicate?(narrow specialization) and a list of possible positions.

Salaries of railway transport specialists

When choosing a future profession, not the last role is played by the amount of payment for the future labor activity. Those planning to enter railway universities, of course, are interested in the question of how much a railway worker receives. According to data published in the industry newspaper Gudok, the average salary of railway workers in 2016 increased to 46.8 thousand rubles. Of course, according to this “average” figure, there is no difference between the payment for the work of a nurse in a railway sanatorium and the salary of the vice president of the Russian Railways company.

But if you look at the sites, where vacancies in the railway industry are published, then in general these salaries look like this:

• A position that requires higher education, experience in this profile and 2-3 years of work experience - 30-45 thousand rubles.
• The position of the head of any industry sector - from 40 thousand rubles.
• Positions requiring secondary specialized education (from which university graduates, as a rule, begin their work in the industry) - 22–30 thousand rubles.

These salaries are added different kinds allowances for special conditions work and awards.

In the railway transport system, except for the state transport company Russian Railways, other railway operators are also working. Payments for these commercial enterprises may differ significantly from those indicated in the article.

0.1. The document comes into force from the moment of its approval.

0.2. Document developer: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

0.3. Document approved: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

0.4. Periodic verification of this document is carried out at intervals not exceeding 3 years.

1. General Provisions

1.1. Position "Head of cargo and commercial work" belongs to the category "Leaders".

1.2. Qualifications- complete higher education in the relevant field of study (master, specialist). Work experience in the specialty - at least 5 years.

1.3. Knows and applies:
- resolutions, orders and other regulatory documents on cargo and commercial work;
- Charter of inland water transport;
- Charter of the railway;
- Charter of road transport;
- rules for the transportation of goods on the river, sea, railway and road transport;
- rules for the carriage of goods in direct mixed railway-water traffic;
- tariff guide;
- organization of cargo and commercial work on transport;
- advanced domestic and foreign experience in the field of cargo and commercial work;
- basics of computer science, the possibilities of computer technology (PC);
- rules and norms of labor protection, fire protection;
- Fundamentals of labor law.

1.4. The head of the cargo and commercial work service is appointed to the position and dismissed by order of the organization (enterprise / institution).

1.5. The head of the cargo and commercial work service reports directly to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .

1.6. The head of the cargo and commercial work service manages the work of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .

1.7. The head of the cargo and commercial work service during the absence is replaced by a duly appointed person who acquires the appropriate rights and is responsible for the proper performance of the duties assigned to him.

2. Description of work, tasks and job responsibilities

2.1. Organizes cargo and commercial work in the shipping company (shipping company) to fulfill the transportation plan.

2.2. Takes the necessary measures to transfer cargo to river transport, including in lightly loaded directions, improve the organization of transportation in direct mixed railway-water traffic and in combination between sea and river ports, develop transportation in universal and special containers and introduce other rational ways of transporting goods .

2.3. Provides work on the conclusion of contracts and agreements with clients for the lease of warehouses, loading and unloading mechanisms, transportation of goods, towing ships and other work related to transportation, and monitors the implementation of these contracts and agreements.

2.4. Organizes the delivery of goods to the ports (piers) and to the berths of consignors during the inter-navigation period, announces the terms for the receipt of goods by the ports (piers) from the railway.

2.5. Develops, based on the planned requests of the clientele, taking into account the transportation capacity of the fleet, quarterly transportation plans with a monthly breakdown by type of transportation and cargo.

2.6. Carries out operational accounting and analysis of the implementation of plans for transportation and transshipment of goods and makes proposals to the management of the shipping company (shipping company) regarding the necessary measures to increase the transportation of certain goods and shipment from transshipment points.

2.7. Through consignors and railway departments, it ensures a uniform supply of goods to transshipment points and free wagons to ports in accordance with planned norms.

2.8. Develops and implements measures to improve the quality of transportation and accelerate the delivery of goods, keeps records and analyzes cases of non-safety of goods during transportation, monitors compliance with the terms of delivery of goods.

2.9. Analyzes the current tariffs for the transportation of goods, handling operations and develops proposals for their improvement.

2.10. Together with the basin administrations of the route and the administrations of navigation channels, it establishes and submits for approval the tariff distances between the ports (piers) of the shipping company, publishes information on local tariffs after their approval and exercises control over the correct application of tariffs.

2.11. Together with the port facilities and mechanization service, it develops measures that contribute to increasing the profitability of the work of ports (marinas), takes measures to retain the personnel of cargo and commercial workers of ports (marinas) in the non-navigation period.

2.12. Studying and summarizing best practices work in the field of cargo and commercial activities and organize their implementation.

2.13. Organizes and manages the departmental investigation of the facts of non-preservation of goods and their poor-quality transportation and, based on the results of the investigation, prepares proposals to prevent cases of non-preservation of goods.

2.14. It formalizes the forwarding of goods in the current order, gives instructions to ports (marinas) on these issues, keeps records and sells goods that do not have documents and are unclaimed.

2.15. Knows, understands and applies the current regulatory documents relating to its activities.

2.16. Knows and fulfills the requirements of regulatory acts on labor and environmental protection, complies with the norms, methods and techniques for the safe performance of work.

3. Rights

3.1. The head of cargo and commercial work has the right to take action to prevent and eliminate the occurrence of any violations or inconsistencies.

3.2. The head of the cargo and commercial work service has the right to receive all social guarantees provided for by law.

3.3. The head of the cargo and commercial work service has the right to demand assistance in the performance of his duties. official duties and exercise of rights.

3.4. The head of the cargo and commercial work service has the right to demand the creation of organizational and technical conditions necessary for the performance of official duties and the provision necessary equipment and inventory.

3.5. The head of the cargo and commercial work service has the right to get acquainted with the draft documents relating to his activities.

3.6. The head of the cargo and commercial work service has the right to request and receive documents, materials and information necessary for the performance of his duties and orders of the management.

3.7. The head of the cargo and commercial work service has the right to improve his professional qualifications.

3.8. The head of the cargo and commercial work service has the right to report all violations and inconsistencies identified in the course of his activities and make proposals for their elimination.

3.9. The head of the cargo and commercial work service has the right to get acquainted with the documents defining the rights and obligations of the position held, the criteria for assessing the quality of the performance of official duties.

4. Responsibility

4.1. The head of the cargo and commercial work service is responsible for non-fulfillment or untimely fulfillment of the duties assigned by this job description and (or) non-use of the rights granted.

4.2. The head of the cargo and commercial work service is responsible for non-compliance with the rules of internal labor regulations, labor protection, safety, industrial sanitation and fire protection.

4.3. The head of the cargo and commercial work service is responsible for disclosing information about the organization (enterprise/institution) that is classified as a commercial secret.

4.4. The head of the cargo and commercial work service is responsible for non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of the requirements of internal normative documents organizations (enterprises/institutions) and legal orders of management.

4.5. The head of the cargo and commercial work service is responsible for offenses committed in the course of his activities, within the limits established by the current administrative, criminal and civil legislation.

4.6. The head of the cargo and commercial work service is responsible for causing material damage to the organization (enterprise / institution) within the limits established by the current administrative, criminal and civil legislation.

4.7. The head of the cargo and commercial work service is responsible for the misuse of the granted official powers, as well as their use for personal purposes.

The word engineering comes from the Latin word ingenium - skill, ingenuity. Thus, the art of engineering is an activity aimed at the process of inventing new technologies. At the same time, as you understand, engineering technologies supply many industries with their ideas, ranging from construction and mechanical engineering to chemistry, pharmacology and medicine.

But what kind of engineers will be most in demand by mankind in the near future?

The other day, the American digital media resource Mashable asked this question, and issued a list of four engineering professions that will be most in demand in the future.

According to estimates, in five years, by 2020, the Millennium generation, that is, people born between 1980 and 1990, will take 50% of the jobs on the planet. So, it is they who determine our future.

So, it is assumed that the most demanded engineering profession will be any activity related to computer technology. And this is not surprising, because today such processes are still in their infancy. This industry is controlled by monopolists such as Google, Apple and Microsoft, who are, in fact, the only ones who produce mass-used computer products, imposing them on humanity, and also forcing it to play by the rules that are beneficial to mega-corporations.

Meanwhile, history has repeatedly demonstrated that any activity that allows only the existence of several monopolists is doomed to failure, which means, whatever one may say, humanity will strive to make these technologies publicly available. It is believed that in this area, a person's career opportunities are limited only by his talents and abilities, which means, in fact, they are unlimited. More and more new companies use computer developments and virtual reality in order to reduce production costs and attract the attention of a younger audience.

mechanical engineering

The creation of various mechanisms that help a person in production and everyday life has acquired particular relevance in the last 70-80 years. Every day we read about the release of super smart machines, drones, spacecraft and underwater systems.

Man already wants to fully master not only his own planet, but also the nearest space. He needs absolutely new technology, comfortable, ergonomic, cheap and environmentally friendly. This means that the demand of society for such engineers will only grow. Most likely, in the near future, humanity will begin to create fundamentally new mechanisms that can replace the obsolete internal combustion engine and machines that use fossil fuels.

Medicine and healthcare

For a long time, medicine and healthcare have merged with engineering, using its achievements in the production of implants, medicines, medical techniques and medical equipment.

And this means that engineers working in this area will be in great demand. After all, a person wants to live forever and live healthy. Biomedicine will become the main health sector of the future, it will develop bionics and nanomedicine technologies. In this area, engineers will occupy a special, perhaps even dominant position.

Construction and architecture

This area will never become obsolete, for a person always needs housing. Building and architectural technologies are a constantly evolving art, which means that any profession related to them will be in demand.

Modern trends in this area are the use of clean energy, energy efficiency, space saving, "smartness" of buildings and their versatility. Today, architects and civil engineers need to work closely with computer and bioengineers, chemists and physicists who are able to realize requests modern society. This is an interesting, mobile and diverse work that will appeal to the Millennium generation.

For about two centuries, there has been one profession in demand in the field of transport - a railway engineer. From this article you will learn who it is and what it does, how to become a specialist.

The topic will be of interest not only to secondary school students and graduates, but also to those who wish to learn more about such specialists.

What is a Railway Engineer?

To begin with, you should understand the term "communication paths". This phrase implies transport, ways and roads along which equipment moves. But at present, however, as in past centuries, the phrase belongs to railway. Even Russian institutes of railway engineers are increasingly training future railway workers, as well as builders of various objects - civil and industrial.

Let's briefly list what faculties / departments there are in railway universities, so that it becomes clear further in what areas graduates can work:

• locomotives;
• wagons;
• power supply;
• ways;
• bridges and tunnels;
• construction of buildings and structures;
• signaling, centralization and communication;
• organization of transportation management on the railway;
• security in the technosphere;
• special transport equipment.

To become a good specialist and love your work, you need to take the choice seriously, familiarize yourself with future profession. Now let's take a brief look at each of these areas.

Field of activity (industry)

To work with electric locomotives, diesel locomotives and metro trains, as well as multi-unit rolling stock, you should choose a specialty related to locomotives. An engineer can be both a designer / designer of advanced rolling stock, locomotives, and an employee of a depot where the described transport equipment is serviced.

Slightly different, but almost the same tasks are carried out by engineers who design or maintain trucks, passenger cars. As a rule, it is desirable for a specialist to choose a specific area: freight or passenger transportation.

You can sometimes see vacancies for a railway engineer in the field of electricity supply. The specialist must be well versed in electrical engineering, complex electrical diagrams, as well as use devices for measuring network parameters. In addition, the designer must have a good understanding of how to build electrified lines so that they are reliable, durable and safe.

The construction of railway tracks is not complete without engineering calculations, site selection, and landscape study. The same can be said about those who build bridges and tunnels, buildings and structures. Therefore, in their work, engineers of the lines of communication of all these three branches must know perfectly well mechanics, strength of materials, and be able to solve complex problems. After all, it depends on them how long bridges, paths or tunnels will last. It is on them that the health and life of every employee, passenger using these facilities during their journey depend. In addition, the strength of buildings and structures is also the merit of a competent engineer.

Signaling, centralization and communication is a field on the railway, which is engaged in the installation, maintenance and repair of special equipment for dispatching radio communications, traffic lights, track circuits, automatic blocking devices and so on. A specialist must understand not only electrics, but also electronics, radio equipment.

The organization of transportation and management is mainly dispatching work, which includes, first of all, train schedules. A person should be able to make a rational and economically feasible schedule.

Security in the technosphere or environmental security exists in order to control emissions in environment from railway enterprises, stations and hauls. In addition, an engineer can work at a depot or a factory to train personnel in safety, as well as monitor the condition of workplaces in production.

Special transport equipment - points of recovery means, utility trains. The engineer of communications in this case must understand what benefit the unit of equipment he is designing will bring, what functions it will perform.

How to become one?

What should you know?

It is not enough just to know physics and mathematics well, you need to be able to understand your work. For example, a railroad engineer with a degree in wagons must understand how a wagon works, know where which elements are located and what they are intended for.

The manager is obliged to draw up a train schedule in such a way as to ensure uninterrupted operation on the railway network, to create economic benefits.

Thus, when entering a university, it is desirable to communicate with specialists, ask what the job is. And also to clarify for yourself very important point - medical commission, which we will discuss below.

Medical Commission

A medical examination is a mandatory event when applying for a job. Not only machinists, railway workers and power supply workers are required to be in good health, but also engineers. Therefore, if the heart is healthy, there are no problems with blood pressure, hearing and a serious deviation in vision, and the coordination of movement is not limited, then they will be accepted for the position.

The railway engineer regularly visits places dangerous to life and health, often communicates with junior staff, evaluates their work, and also makes recommendations for improving the quality of work. That's why medical checkup is an integral part both when applying for a job and planned (once a year or once every two years).

Who can work?

A railway engineer is a profession in demand, but, unfortunately, there may be more specialists than vacancies.

Therefore, you have to choose related positions. For example, a future foreman or boss needs to know his job. Therefore, it is worth agreeing to go to work as a locksmith in order to gain experience. The specialist will have an idea of ​​​​the work in such a way as to competently manage in the future. Man with higher education applying for positions:

• engineer;
• Chief Engineer;
• master / senior master;
• Chief.

Therefore, a specialist always has the opportunity to get a job in any position in his profile.

What salary?

The salary of a railway engineer depends on the category, work experience, region, organization.

For example, in Moscow a specialist of the first category can receive a salary of about 55 thousand rubles, while at the same time a similar specialist in a provincial town 500 kilometers from the capital - only 20 thousand rubles.

Is there any harm in production?

Many graduates think that there can be harmfulness in production. She really is:

• electromagnetic fields;
• emission of harmful substances from transport equipment;
• potential danger both in the workshop and on the street;
• being outside while on duty;
• shift work schedule.

That is why you should undergo a medical examination. In addition, the specialist is responsible for the safety at the facility.

You have learned what a railway engineer is. We hope that the article will help you understand how interesting and promising this profession is.

This article is devoted to such an interesting, but also complex field of activity as subways and Russian Railways, namely the specialization "Technical operation of railways". Let's talk about what kind of profession it is, where you can work. Let's share other information.

After what grade of school do they take?

Immediately, we note that this specialty is generalized, and it exists only in railway technical schools and colleges. And the institutions are already completely different, or rather, narrow-profile. Look: for example, the university has the specialties "Locomotives", "Wagons", "Organization of transportation by railway transport" and others. See? Everything is separate. Even the study of locomotives at different faculties has dissimilar disciplines, types of cars, locomotives. And the specialty "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways" is, as it were, a simplified and generalized version.

You can enroll after 9th grade. Or you can even go to study, even if you have a higher education (naturally, in another industry). Teaching in the daytime, evening and part-time departments. So, if there is an acute desire to leave, for example, from the food sector to the railway sector, then they will accept it without hindrance. It is necessary to pass, in addition to dictation, physics and mathematics.

Is it really necessary to have an education on the railroad?

Currently, specialists with higher education are increasingly required, despite the fact that there are much fewer engineering positions than usual. It is for such “ordinary” positions that people with a legal or zoological education are hired. Let's not talk about those who were hired to work in Russian Railways or in the metro. Let it not be about us. Believe me, this area requires knowledge of the profile. Imagine that the same railway worker will be put in a pharmacy behind the counter to sell medicines. Does he know much? No. So it is in the field of transport: you need to understand at least the very basics. This will help the specialty "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways", which is designed for workers of different professions.

Let's use an example to explain why education is needed here. Imagine that you have been hired to do various operations with locomotives. The worker needs to determine at some point in time what category the malfunction can be attributed to, so that the repair crews can know what to prepare for and what to fix. An illiterate operator can choose a completely different category, which will lead to problems for all workers associated with the repair. The operator will receive a reprimand or lose the bonus. And this is just one example.

What positions?

Now let's see what can be offered to a graduate of a railway technical school with the qualification "Technical operation of rolling stock of railways." What is the job of such a person? Keep in mind that many positions will require a medical examination, as the transport sector is a hazardous industry.

So, now about positions. More precisely, we first divide by various enterprises, service. As you know, there is a subway. It's all one area, one industry. In the subway, you can work in an electric depot with rolling stock, either in a repair shop or in an operation shop.

At Russian Railways, the division is not divided into workshops, but into structural units. Therefore, choose in advance: for operation or for repair. If there is a desire to work at the plant, then definitely - repair.

So let's consider:

• exploitation: decoding of tapes, computer operator, contractor, line operator;
• repair: locksmith, technician, defectoscopist, inspector, compiler of wagons.

Conductors and drivers

Maybe someone will ask now: "But what about the machinists, conductors? Why haven't they been reminded of them?" And they didn’t remind me because they have their own courses. There are courses for assistant drivers, conductors. Drivers are trained only after they have been assistants for the required amount of time, for example, 2 years. Conductors have their own courses.

By the way, it should be noted that in railway colleges they study to become an assistant driver (of electric trains, for example). It is completely optional to study them at the courses "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways". During the training, all students learn theory, do laboratory work and go to practice.

Is it worth going?

Remember, if you have serious health problems: poor hearing, inattention, absent-mindedness, limited movement, neurological diseases, very poor eyesight, a sick heart, weak blood vessels and a problem with pressure, then it is better to give up your idea. The profession "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways" requires the employee to be attentive and in good health. You can, of course, for the sake of interest, get an education and be a railway worker only with a diploma, no one will forbid. But the practice will need to be completed (a medical examination is not needed, unless you are going to immediately go on a flight as an assistant driver or conductor).

Here are some of the points related to the profession "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways." Any nuances can arise only during the selection of a position or already in the process of work. The salary of a technician with such a profession is small, and the responsibility and psycho-emotional (or physical) load are large.