Presentation around the world on the theme "Republic of Karelia". Presentation

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Geography presentation on the topic: Karelia

Novikovsky branch of MBOU KSOSH

The presentation was prepared by a 8th grade student Petr Arestov

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Geographical position

The republic is located in Northern Europe, in the northwestern part of Russia, washed by the White Sea in the northeast. The main relief of the republic is a hilly plain, turning in the west into the West Karelian Upland. The glacier, retreating to the north, greatly changed the relief of Karelia - moraine ridges, lakes, Kama, lake basins appeared in many. The highest point of the Republic of Karelia is Mount Nuorunen.

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The climate is mild with an abundance of precipitation, changing in the territory of Karelia from maritime to continental. Winter is snowy, cool, but usually without severe frosts. Summer is short and cool (in the northern regions), with a large amount of precipitation. Even in June, frosts sometimes occur in the republic. The heat is rare and occurs for two or three weeks in the southern regions not every year. In the northern regions, the heat is extremely rare, and no more than a few days.

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The fauna of Karelia is relatively young; it was formed after the Ice Age. In total, 63 species of mammals live on the territory of the republic, many of which, for example, the Ladoga ringed seal, flying squirrel and brown eared ear, are listed in the Red Book. On the rivers of Karelia, you can see the huts of European and Canadian beavers. The Canadian beaver, as well as the muskrat, the American mink are acclimatized representatives of the fauna of North America. The raccoon dog is also not a native inhabitant of Karelia, it comes from Far East. Since the late 1960s, wild boars began to appear, and roe deer enter the southern regions. There is a bear, lynx, badger and wolf. 285 species of birds live in Karelia, of which 36 species are listed in the Red Book of Karelia.

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The most common birds are finches. There is upland game - hazel grouse, black grouse, white partridges, capercaillie. Every spring geese come to Karelia from warm countries. common predator birds: owls, hawks, golden eagles, marsh harriers. There are also 40 pairs of rare white-tailed eagles. There are only 5 species of reptiles on the territory of the republic: common viper, snake, godwit, viviparous lizard and agile lizard. Insects are practically invisible in winter, but in summer there are a lot of midges: mosquitoes, midges, midges and horseflies of many species: real horsefly, lacewings, raindrops, deer horsefly, gray horsefly. Ticks are widespread in the south of the republic. In Karelia, you can meet a rare swallowtail butterfly.

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Brown eared squirrel Canadian beaver Muskrat

raccoon dog

viviparous lizard

godwit

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Just like the fauna, the flora of Karelia was formed relatively recently - 10-15 thousand years ago. Coniferous forests predominate, to the north - pine forests, to the south - both pine and spruce forests. Main conifers: Scotch pine and Scotch spruce. Less common are Finnish spruce (north of the republic), Siberian spruce (east). Small-leaved species are widespread in the forests of Karelia, these are: downy birch, warty birch, aspen, gray alder, some types of willows

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birch fluffy

Birch drooping or warty

Alder gray Alder black Siberian spruce

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Lesson-game "Journey to the country of Karelia"

National-regional component in the educational field "Art" and "Technology"

Rich and sweet Karelian land

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Goal and tasks

Upbringing artistic culture, development of interest in folk art, its traditions and heritage To instill love for traditional Russian and Karelian art; Develop artistic and creative abilities; Formation of a holistic perception of folk art as part of the culture of the people.

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Which of these pieces of music is the anthem of Karelia

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From the proposed colors, make the flag of the "country of Karelia" and explain your choice

Courage, heroism, blood

Water resources Forest resources 4 6

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What images can be associated with Karelia

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"In a blue field on golden staffs, red banners laid crosswise."

Historical coat of arms of Sortavala (Serdoblya) (1788)

Historical coat of arms of Petrozavodsk (1781)

In the upper part of the shield is the coat of arms of Novgorod. At the bottom, on a field divided by stripes of gold and green paint, there are three iron hammers covered with ore-finding vines, as a sign of the abundance of ores and many factories found in this area.

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"In a golden shield, a hand emerging from the left side of an azure cloud, turned inward, holding an azure oval shield and accompanied below by four black cores connected by the same, from chains, an indirect cross. The shield is crowned with the Imperial crown and surrounded by golden oak leaves connected by an St. Andrew's ribbon ".

Coat of arms of Olonets province (1878)

Traditional Karelian coat of arms (1562)

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Riddles contest

They beat me, beat me, took me to all ranks, and then, together with the king, they put me on the throne.

If I put it on, it will bring it down with a rim, if I take it off, it will fall like a snake, it doesn’t give heat, but without it it’s cold.

Girls love to wear to surprise the boys.

Warms the soul, warms the soul a small ...

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The basis of any Karelian costume was the SHIRT. It was wide, decorated with embroidery along the hem, collar, edge of the sleeves. And be sure to tie it with a belt.

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The main part of the women's attire is a sundress. The most ancient type of it is “kostych”, a slanting sarafan with a high back and chest, decorated in front with a row of buttons. The second type is "assembly". It was sewn from straight strips of fabric.

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soul-warming

A festive girl's outfit, along with a sundress, a shirt, a belt and jewelry, included a shower warmer - a folded brocade or damask with sleeves or on narrow straps, a "short" blouse, similar to a small sarafan.

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A very important part of the old folk clothes of Russians, Karelians, Vepsians who lived on our lands.

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The belt was worn by everyone - women, men, and children. If the belt was not worn over clothes, then it was necessarily tied under clothes. Several belts could be worn at the same time.

This has been done since ancient times. After all, the belt was not just a convenient part of clothing, but most importantly - a talisman that protected from evil forces.

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Hats

Particular attention was paid to the headdress - canvas magpies, warriors, undercuts. For married women it was closed, for girls it was open. Headdresses were decorated with gold or pearl embroidery, and later with beads and glass beads.

Soroka Pochelok Povoinik

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Architectural monuments

During the construction of churches, the ancient masters tried to find a worthy place for them, placing them on hills or picturesque places. The architects tried not to disturb the majesty and silence of nature. Ancient architects inscribed their masterpieces in the artistic contrast of nature. Mighty pines and spruces, confidently dominating for centuries, seem to recede into the background, and only temples attract attention.

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An architectural monument of the 17th century located in the Suoyärvi region

Chapel of George in the village of Kangozero

Chapel of the Sign of the Virgin in the village of Korba

Chapel of Paraskeva Pyatnitsa and Varlaam Khutynsky in the village of Podjelniki

Chapel of Kirik and Ulita in the village of Vorobi

Chapel of Peter and Paul in the village of Nasonovshchina

Chapel of Michael the Archangel from the village of Lelikozero

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Chapel of George

The monument of republican significance is located in the Suoyarvi district, Veshkelitsa village. Dated to the end of the 17th century. Until 1987, the chapel stood in the village of Kangozero, Suoyärvi district. The village was almost completely lost by 1985.

The chapel has several building periods. The first is the end of the 17th century. The second is the middle of the 19th century. From the west, an open gallery-porch with a quadruple belfry above it was added. The third period - the end of the 19th, the beginning of the 20th century. The wall between the prayer house and the hallway was sawn out, window openings were hewn, a window was cut through on the northern wall of the prayer house, the frame of the belfry was sheathed with boards.

The purpose of the project: to continue the work on the study of the native land. Project objectives: Project objectives: To form students' ideas about the symbolism, geographical location, climate of the Republic of Karelia. To form students' ideas about the symbolism, geographical location, climate of the Republic of Karelia. To acquaint children with the sights of the republic: the first Russian resort "Marcial Waters", the museum-reserve "Kivach", the museum of local lore. To acquaint children with the sights of the republic: the first Russian resort "Marcial Waters", the museum-reserve "Kivach", the museum of local lore. 3. To develop the cognitive abilities of each child in the process of research activities for this project. 3. To develop the cognitive abilities of each child in the process of research activities for this project. 4. To form a civic worldview of students. 4. To form a civic worldview of students. 5. To cultivate love and respect for nature, the sights of the Republic of Karelia. 5. To cultivate love and respect for nature, the sights of the Republic of Karelia.

Karelia. Have you been to Karelia? Where the grasses spread like a carpet, And where the lakes turn blue, Have you ever been to Karelia? Where the grasses spread like a carpet, And where the lakes turn blue, Shimmering with silver. Where the waves of the endless Ladoga are flying to the shore in bulk. Waterfalls tell us about unsolved mysteries... Shimmering with silver. Where the waves of the endless Ladoga are flying to the shore in bulk. Waterfalls tell us about unsolved mysteries...

A word to a student Karelia... This is a forest rustling with green foliage, and sun-drenched glades with fragrant strawberries, and the coolness of blue lakes, and gray rocks, and the sky with white clouds floating across it... How many poems and songs have been written about Karelia! The beauty of our region inspires artists, writers, composers to create wonderful works... We must know the history of our region, multiply the glorious traditions of the republic, protect its historical heritage. It is important to preserve the environment and everything that makes our life meaningful, rich and spiritual. So, we invite you to this exciting journey!

Symbols of the Republic of Karelia Flag of the Republic of Karelia Flag of the Republic of Karelia Description: Description: The flag of the Republic of Karelia was created on the basis of the later version of the flag of the Karelian-Finnish SSR. The flag of Karelia is a rectangular panel consisting of three equal horizontal stripes - red, blue and green. The red color in it symbolizes the shed blood (in the late version of the flag of the Karelian-Finnish SSR, the red color meant belonging to the USSR). Blue - Karelian rivers and lakes. Green - forests of Karelia. The flag of the Republic of Karelia was created on the basis of a later version of the flag of the Karelian-Finnish SSR. The flag of Karelia is a rectangular panel consisting of three equal horizontal stripes - red, blue and green. The red color in it symbolizes the shed blood (in the late version of the flag of the Karelian-Finnish SSR, the red color meant belonging to the USSR). Blue - Karelian rivers and lakes. Green - forests of Karelia.

Coat of arms of the Republic of Karelia Description: Description: The coat of arms of the Republic of Karelia is a rectangular shield, rounded in the lower third, thrice crossed in equal proportions in the colors of the state flag of the Republic of Karelia, with a profile of a standing black bear depicted on it. The golden framing of the shield turns into a stylized image of a spruce on the left side and a pine on the right. At the top of the shield is an eight-pointed star (double cross) of gold color. The coat of arms of the Republic of Karelia is a rectangular shield, rounded in the lower third, three times crossed in equal proportions in the colors of the state flag of the Republic of Karelia, with a profile of a standing black bear depicted on it. The golden framing of the shield turns into a stylized image of a spruce on the left side and a pine on the right. At the top of the shield is an eight-pointed star (double cross) of gold color.

ANTHEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF KARELIA Composer: A.Beloborodov. Composer: A. Beloborodov Text writers: Armas Mishin and Ivan Kostin Text writers: Armas Mishin and Ivan Kostin Native land of Karelia! Ancient wise land. Fraternal tribes are one family, Karelia! Ring, lakes, and sing, taiga! Native land, you are dear to me. High on your hills I stand And I sing a song for your glory. Native land of Karelia! You are forever given to me by fate. Hello forever, my country, Karelia! Heroes of epics among the forests and mountains They still live on our land. Go, song! Kantele, sing louder In the name of the holy Karelian land! Native land of Karelia! Runes and epics melody alive. I see your radiant dawn, Karelia! I see your radiant dawn, Karelia! Native land of Karelia! Ancient wise land. Fraternal tribes are one family, Karelia! Ring, lakes, and sing, taiga! Native land, you are dear to me. High on your hills I stand And I sing a song for your glory. Native land of Karelia! You are forever given to me by fate. Hello forever, my country, Karelia! Heroes of epics among the forests and mountains They still live on our land. Go, song! Kantele, sing louder In the name of the holy Karelian land! Native land of Karelia! Runes and epics melody alive. I see your radiant dawn, Karelia! I see your radiant dawn, Karelia!

Republic of Karelia subject Russian Federation, is part of the Northwestern Federal District. The capital of the republic is the city of Petrozavodsk. The area of ​​Karelia is km². The Republic is located in the northwestern part of Russia, located between two seas: the White and the Baltic. It borders on the Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Leningrad regions, as well as on Finland. The main relief of the republic is a hilly plain, turning in the west into the West Karelian Upland. The climate is mild with an abundance of precipitation, changing in the territory of Karelia from maritime to continental.

The Republic of Karelia is the legal successor of the Karelian Labor Commune. The western border of Karelia coincides with the state border of the Russian Federation and Finland, has a length of 798.3 km, at the same time being the border with the European Union. In the east, Karelia borders on the Arkhangelsk region, in the south on the Vologda and Leningrad regions, in the north on the Murmansk region. The capital of the Republic of Karelia is the city of Petrozavodsk.

Geography The Republic of Karelia is located in Northern Europe, in the northwestern part of Russia, bordered by the White Sea in the northeast. The main relief of the republic is a hilly plain, turning in the west into the West Karelian Upland. The glacier, retreating to the north, greatly changed the relief of Karelia; moraine ridges, lakes, kams, lake basins appeared in many. The highest point of the Republic of Karelia is Mount Nuorunen.

Climate The weather is changeable. The climate is mild with an abundance of precipitation, changing in the territory of Karelia from maritime to temperate continental. Winter is snowy, cool, but usually without severe frosts, if frosts come, then only for a few days. Summers are short and warm, with high rainfall. Even in June, frosts sometimes occur in the republic (very rarely). Heat is rare and occurs for two or three weeks in the southern regions, but due to high humidity it is noticeable even at 20 ° C. In the northern regions, heat is extremely rare, and lasts no more than a few days.

Geology Subsoil resources of Karelia include: 489 explored deposits, 31 types of solid minerals, 386 peat deposits, 14 deposits of underground water for domestic and drinking purposes, 2 mineral water deposits, 10 officially recognized and over 200 recorded geological monuments.

Main minerals: iron ore, titanium, vanadium, molybdenum, precious metals, diamonds, mica, Construction Materials(granites, diabases, marbles), ceramic raw materials (pegmatites, spar), apatite-carbonate ores, alkaline amphibole-asbestos. granite diabase marble

As of September 1, 2004, the distributed subsoil fund in the Republic of Karelia included 606 licenses in force: precious metals and diamonds 14, solid non-common minerals 16, block stone 94, building stone for the production of crushed stone 76, other common minerals (mainly sand and gravel materials) 286, The groundwater 120. More than 600 deposits have been put on the balance sheet. Of these, 378 are peat, 77 are sand and gravel materials, 38 are natural facing stones, 34 are building stones, 27 are sheet muscovite, 26 are feldspar raw materials, 21 are construction sands, 13 are groundwater, 9 are milky white quartz, 8 are ore raw materials (iron ores, vanadium , tin, molybdenum), 8 clays, 7 small-sized muscovite, 3 kyanite ores, 7 mineral paints, 4 sulfur-pyrite ores, 3 raw materials for mineral wool, 1 shungite, 1 raw materials for stone casting, 1 quartzite, 1 dolomites for metallurgy, 1 talc stone.

Hydrology In Karelia, there are about rivers, of which the largest are: Vodla (length 149 km), Kem (191 km), Onda (197 km), Unga, Chirka-Kem (221 km), Kovda, Shuya, Suna with waterfalls Kivach and Vyg. In the republic near the lakes. Together with the swamps, they account for about 2000 km³ of high-quality fresh water. Ladoga and Onega are the largest lakes in Europe. Other large lakes of Karelia: Nyuk, Pyaozevro, Segozevro, Syamozevro, Topoz Euro, Vygozevro, Yushkozevro. Since the territory of Karelia is located on the Baltic Crystalline Shield, many rivers have rapids and are often dressed in stone banks.

Flora and fauna The fauna of Karelia is relatively young; it was formed after the Ice Age. In total, 63 species of mammals live on the territory of the republic, many of which, for example, the Ladoga ringed seal, flying squirrel and brown earflap, are listed in the Red Book. On the rivers of Karelia, you can see the huts of European and Canadian beavers. The Canadian beaver, as well as the muskrat, the American mink are acclimatized representatives of the fauna of North America.

The raccoon dog is also not a native inhabitant of Karelia, it comes from the Far East. From the end of the 1900s, wild boars began to appear, and roe deer entered the southern regions. There is a bear, lynx, badger and wolf. 285 species of birds live in Karelia, of which 36 species are listed in the Red Book of Karelia. The most common birds are finches. There is upland game hazel grouse, black grouse, white partridges, capercaillie. Every spring geese come to Karelia from warm countries. Birds of prey are widespread: owls, hawks, golden eagles, marsh harriers. There are also 40 pairs of rare white-tailed eagles. Of the waterfowl: ducks, loons, waders, many gulls and the largest diving duck in Karelia, the common eider, valuable for its warm down. There are only 5 species of reptiles on the territory of the republic: common viper, already, godwit, viviparous lizard and agile lizard.

Just like the fauna, the flora of Karelia was formed relatively recently, 1015 thousand years ago. Coniferous forests predominate, pine forests to the north, both pine and spruce forests to the south. The main conifers are Scotch pine and Scotch spruce. Less common are Finnish spruce (north of the republic), Siberian spruce (east), extremely rare Siberian larch (in Zaonezhie, in the areas bordering the Arkhangelsk region). Small-leaved species are widespread in the forests of Karelia, these are: downy birch, warty birch, aspen, gray alder, and some types of willow. Black alder is found mainly in the southern regions of Karelia, less often in the central, usually in small groups in the valleys of rivers and streams, on the banks of lakes and in wet, wetlands (its separate locations are also in the northern regions of the republic), and small-leaved linden, rough elm, smooth elm, Norway maple grow mainly in the undergrowth, as individual trees or clumps in areas with the most fertile soils in southern Karelia. Karelia is the land of berries, lingonberries, blueberries, cloudberries, blueberries, cranberries grow in abundance here, both wild and wild raspberries grow in the forests, sometimes moving from village gardens. Strawberries and currants grow abundantly in the south of the republic. In the forests, juniper is common, bird cherry and buckthorn are not uncommon. Occasionally there is a red viburnum. At the extreme southwest Republic (in the northwestern Ladoga region) is very rare and common hazel.

Black alder is found mainly in the southern regions of Karelia, less often in the central, usually in small groups in the valleys of rivers and streams, on the banks of lakes and in wet, wetlands (its separate locations are also in the northern regions of the republic), and small-leaved linden, rough elm, smooth elm, Norway maple grow mainly in the undergrowth, as individual trees or clumps in areas with the most fertile soils in southern Karelia. Karelia is the land of berries, lingonberries, blueberries, cloudberries, blueberries, cranberries grow in abundance here, both wild and wild raspberries grow in the forests, sometimes moving from village gardens. Strawberries and currants grow abundantly in the south of the republic. In the forests, juniper is common, bird cherry and buckthorn are not uncommon. Occasionally there is a red viburnum. In the extreme south-west of the republic (in the north-western Ladoga region), common hazel is also very rare.

There are two reserves in Karelia: "Kivach" and "Kostomukshsky", as well as the Kem-Ludsky section of the Kandalaksha Reserve. Ecological routes are laid on their territories, there are museums of nature, and scientific tourism is carried out. There are three national parks in the republic: Vodlozersky (partially located in the Arkhangelsk region), Paanajärvi and Kalevalsky.

There are also two reserve museums: "Valaam" and "Kizhi". The Ladoga Skerries Park is at the design and development stage. In addition, in the 2000s, it was planned to create the national parks Tulos in the Muezersky district and Koitajoki-Tolvayarvi based on the Tolvayarvi landscape reserve in the Suojärvi district, north of Ladoga.

Transmittal letter.

1. The presentation can be used in the lessons of the surrounding world to study the regional component of the Republic of Karelia or in the lessons of the integrated course "The land in which you live." The presentation presents short information about minerals mined and processed in the territory of Karelia.

3. Enormous riches have been found in the bowels of Karelia - more than thirty types of minerals, among which are the famous ferruginous quartzites of Kostomuksha and titanium-magnetite ores of Pudozhgora, schungites of Zaonezhie and Paranda pyrites, Chupin micas and Ladoga pegmatites ...
Far beyond the borders of our country, stone construction and facing materials.
For 150 years, Karelian marble has been the basis of the monumental construction of St. Petersburg. Marbles from the White Mountain and Ruskeala adorn the Winter Palace, the Ethnographic Museum and other buildings in the city on the Neva and its environs.
The abutments of the bridge of Lieutenant Schmidt and the Nevsky Gates of the Peter and Paul Fortress are faced with dark gray "Serdobol" (Sortavala) granite. The famous Atlanteans in the portico of the Hermitage were sculpted from this stone.
Crimson quartzite - porphyry, a stone of rare beauty, was used in the construction of Lenin's Mausoleum, for finishing metro stations in Moscow and other cities, for the memorial complex Common Grave and the Eternal Flame of Glory at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.
In 1946, the Kostomuksha iron ore deposit was discovered.

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