What are birds that fly away called? Synopsis "Migratory Birds" for children of the middle group

Is a regular seasonal flight of birds, often north and south along the flyway, between breeding and wintering. Many types of birds are migratory birds. Migration is costly due to predation and mortality, including human hunting, and depends mainly on the availability of food. This occurs mainly in the northern hemisphere, where certain routes encounter natural obstacles such as the Mediterranean or the Caribbean.

Historically, it has been migratory birds were noted as much as 3000 years ago, by ancient Greek authors, including Homer and Aristotle, and in the book of Job, for species such as turtle doves and swallows. More recently, Johanson Leche began recording the dates of the migrations of spring migrants in Finland in 1749, and scientific research has used methods including bird ringing. Threats migratory birds grown with habitat destruction, especially stopovers and wintering grounds, as well as structures such as power lines and wind farms.

The Arctic Tern holds the long-distance migration record among migratory birds traveling between the Arctic expanses and Antarctica annually. Some Procellariiformes species such as albatrosses circle the earth by flying over the Southern Ocean, while others such as the lesser petrel migrate 14,000 km (8,700 miles) between their northern breeding base and the Southern Ocean. Shorter flights are common, including high-altitude flights to mountains such as the Andes and the Himalayas.

The timing of bird migration appears to be driven primarily by changes in daylight hours. Migratory birds navigation uses celestial signals from the sun and stars, the earth's magnetic field, and probably also mental maps.
Historical sightings of migratory birds:
Posts about migratory birds were made in the same way, 3000 years before our era, by the ancient Greek writers Hesiod, Homer, Herodotus and Aristotle. The Bible also notes migrations, as in the book of Job, which asks the question, "Is this your understanding that the hawk is soaring with its wings spread to the south?" The author of Jeremiah wrote: "Even the stork in the sky knows its seasons, and the dove and the crane keep their time of arrival."

Aristotle noted that cranes traveled from the steppes of Scythia to the swamps in the upper Nile. Pliny the Elder, in his Historia Naturalis, repeats Aristotle's remarks.

Migratory birds list:

(Motacilla alba) - migrant detachment, not large, easily adapts to life in urban conditions, feeds on small insects.

(Turdus iliacus) - migrant order passerines, small birds with a very large population.

(Riparia riparia) - migrant, swallow family. It has a wide range of habitat that covers almost all of Europe, the Mediterranean, Asia, as well as North America. It winters in East and South Africa, South America and the Indian subcontinent.

— migrant order passerines. It breeds in temperate zones of Europe and western Asia and winters mainly in Southeast Africa. It should be noted the striking imitation of the voices of a wide variety of other birds.

— migrant charadriiform class, snipe family, woodcock genus. They have camouflage, a natural camouflage that matches their forest habitat, with reddish brown upperparts and lighter underparts.

— migrant order Passeriformes, which was formerly classified as a member of the thrush family, but is now considered to be the more common opinion of the flycatcher.

— migrant- detachment. This species predominantly breeds in temperate regions of Europe and Asia. Most populations winter in tropical Africa and South Asia from Iran to the Indian subcontinent, but some live in northwestern Africa. It is a bird of open countryside, forests and orchards.

- migrant, family Charadriiformes, genus Plover. Living on the banks of rivers and lakes. It is a small bird that breeds in Arctic Eurasia. Adults are 17-19.5 cm long with a wingspan of 35-41 s.

— migrant, swallow families, passerine orders, especially common in Europe, North Africa and temperate latitudes of Asia. The city swallow, and winter migrants in sub-Saharan Africa and tropical Asia.

(Hirundo rustica)- migrant, is the most common type of swallow in the world. These swallows are blue-feathered with long, deeply forked tails and curved, pointed wings. They are found in Europe, Asia, Africa and America.

(Turdus viscivorus) - migrant, common to many countries in Europe, Asia and North Africa. It is a year-round resident in many areas, but northern and eastern individuals migrate south in winter, often in small flocks.

Robin
Green warbler
Finch

Warbler-badger
reed oatmeal
Buzzard
Klintukh
Landrail
Wren

forest hawker
forest horse
Meadow coinage
Coot

Lesser flycatcher
Pied flycatcher

common redstart
common shrike
Oriole
nightjar
common cuckoo
common nightingale
common lentil

black-headed gull

song thrush
Willow warbler
Ratchet warbler
Quail
field harrier
Kestrel

field lark
Chiffchaff

Common tern
Fieldfare

garden warbler
garden warbler
gray flycatcher
gray warbler
gray heron
Warbler
Warbler-chernogolovka
Cheglok
Black swift
Chernysh
blackbird
Lapwing

Migratory birds are those that, with the onset of cold weather, fly south to wait for them. For each species of migratory birds, the need for a flight is determined in its own way: if one bird already feels something is wrong and flies away, then the other will think: “Wow, how much food, can it not fly anywhere at all?” We have prepared for you pictures of migratory birds with names and descriptions that are often needed for children. For example, to prepare a report, homework, or just for general development. You will learn where migratory birds live, what they like to eat, as well as the size of birds. We will also give you some general information about winged travelers.

Why do birds fly at all?

Birds do not fly away because they are cold. They have excellent feather insulation, but you need something to support the metabolism inside the body: eat. It is the presence of food that determines the time of flight of birds. If the winter promises to be warm, then some species of birds may have enough food for wintering, so some species sometimes remain.

Which migratory birds fly earlier and which later?

• Birds that feed on insects are the first to fly away. After all, at some point their food becomes insufficient: the insects hide, and the birds go south to feed themselves.
• Then, along with the freezing of the soil, birds fly away, feeding on seeds, grains of trees and plants.
• Large waterfowl representatives of birds hold on until the end, until their reservoirs begin to be covered with an ice crust.

All migratory birds: photos, names, descriptions

Redwing, a species of Thrush (Turdus iliacus)

The white-browed thrush is the smallest among the thrushes, and the most common species in Russia and the CIS countries. He is not very afraid of the cold: he flies away late for the winter, and returns one of the first. Prefers to nest in birch sparse forest.

• Dimensions: 22 cm long, weight almost never exceeds 60 g.
• Habitat: Eurasia, Himalayas. In winter, it flies closer to Africa.
• What does it eat: insects, butterflies, caterpillars. He does not disdain worms, which he brings to his chicks in whole bunches in the nest.

Shore, Sand Martin (Riparia riparia)

These tiny representatives of the swallow family love to fly quickly over the very surface of the water, and settle near water bodies. Moreover, Beregovushki do not change their housing habits even when they are on a warm “vacation”. Favorite places for nests are steep banks of rivers with soft soil, near sand quarries, wherever you can dig a nest cave next to a reservoir.

• Dimensions: length - 12-13 cm, wingspan - 25-28 cm, weight 11-16 g.
• Habitat: the entire territory of Eurasia, as well as part of North America. Migrates to the south, depending on the zone of the original habitat closer to the reservoir.
• What does it eat: practically only insects. He likes to hunt right in flight, deftly grabbing insects with his beak. Small size and great mobility in the air make the Beregovushka a successful hunter.

Woodcock (Skolopax rusticola)

A medium-sized bird of the Bekasov family with a straight beak and a camouflage color in reddish-black tones. The singing of this bird can be heard infrequently, only during the mating season. Likes wet, swampy soils, dense deciduous and mixed forests. Always not averse to moving in search of places richer food. They are found alone, which may be in vain: they like to hunt Woodcocks.

• Dimensions: length - up to 38 centimeters, on average 33-35. The wingspan reaches 65 cm, and the weight is 460 gr. The beak is 7-9 centimeters long.
• Habitat: forests and forest-steppes of Eurasia. It is also found in the Canary, Azores, British Isles, in Japan.
• What does it eat: earthworms. Woodcock chooses the place of residence based on the size of their population. It can also feed on insects and their larvae.

Vertineck (Junx torquilla)

The bird of the woodpecker family got its name for its long neck, which is constantly in motion. She herself does not hollow out a hollow in a tree, she prefers to settle in a living space abandoned by other woodpeckers. It can drive smaller birds out of the hollow. When its hollow is attacked, Whirltail fluffs out its tail, flaps its wings, emits a hiss, and twirls its neck like a snake, misleading the attacker.

• Dimensions: length approximately 17-20 cm, wingspan 25-30 cm, weight 32-48 g.
• Where does it live: in the forests of the Mediterranean, Eurasia from France to Japan, and south to China. It also settles near a person, in squares and parks.
• What does it eat: ants, beetles, but most often - their larvae.

Bluethroat (Luscinia svecica)

A small bird of the Thrush family of the Passerine order. Males have a bright color on the breast and under the beak. They like to sing, sitting on the bushes in the morning, sometimes taking off into the air to perform the so-called current flights. At night the singing stops. In the songs of this bird, sounds reminiscent of "Varak" are often found, hence the name.

• Dimensions: about 15 cm long. Males weigh from 15 to 23 g, females - from 13 to 21 g.
• Where does it live: banks of rivers, streams, ravines, lakes, etc., where it is wetter and thicker. They nest directly on the ground in thickets of grass and shrubs. Widely distributed in Eurasia.
• What does it eat: insects and their larvae. In autumn, it switches to a berry diet.

Redstart (Phoenicurus phoenicurus)

A small bird of the flycatcher family, which can often be found in city parks in the European part of Russia. If you look at the photo of this migratory bird, you can easily understand where its name came from.

• Dimensions: about 10-15 cm long in an adult.
• Where does it live: Europe, the European part of Russia, they fly to Africa for the winter.
• What does it eat: Usually insects, but may switch to berries if the main food source is not available.

Necktie (Charadrius hiaticula)

The necktie is a small migratory bird, dark grey-brown above and white below. It got its name for the characteristic black circle encircling the neck. They nest in the sand, usually the house of these birds looks like a depression in the sand, sometimes covered with stones.

• Dimensions: usually about 20 cm long.
• Where does it live: the coastline is both sandy and pebble, silt. Habitat - Eurasia, North America. Winter flies to the southern parts of the mainland, but most often to Africa.
• What does it eat: mainly worms and other invertebrates that are found in the waters and off the coast of inhabited reservoirs.

Mistletoe (Turdus viscivorus)

Moderately large bird of the thrush family, males are completely black with an orange beak and a yellow halo around the eyes. Females and newly hatched individuals are brown in color with light patches on the throat, breast and abdomen. This is a singing migratory bird that loves to set intricate melodies with the first rays of the sun, and to spend the day with them. Singing is similar to the sounds of a flute.

• The size: up to 26 cm in length. The weight of an adult individual is from 80 to 125 gr.
• Where does it live: In Europe and western Russia in coniferous and mixed forests with moist soil and undergrowth in which worms can be found. Likes forest ravines. Do not mind settling in abandoned gardens and parks. It also lives in the Caucasian mountain forests. Flies south with undergrowth freezing.
• What does it eat: it is easier to list what the blackbird does not eat. This is an omnivorous bird that can profit from worms, beetles, insects, larvae, seeds, berries and fruits.

Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos)

The songs of this singing migratory bird of the thrush family are rightfully recognized as especially beautiful, caressing the ear. The song thrush sings quite a variety of songs in a leisurely manner. They are able to sing all day long, they are most active in the morning and evening hours. Popularization of his work contributes to his gradual appearance in city parks. But still, the song thrush prefers the outskirts of dense forests and glades as a permanent place of residence.

• The size: in length, the average adult is from 21 to 25 cm, the wingspan is on average 35 cm, but reaches 39. Weight 55-100 g.
• Where does it live: any kind of forests in Europe, Asia Minor, Siberia.
• What does it eat: invertebrates (worms), in autumn it switches to a berry diet.

Field Lark (Alauda arvensis)

Larks are known for their sonorous morning song. He has a fairly wide chest for his size, which holds a lot of air for continuous singing. The field lark nests right on the ground, camouflaging it in the grass. It also hunts on the ground, never catches insects on the fly. In winter, it does not fly far from its habitats, and returns early.

• The size: 11-20 cm in length, body weight up to 45 g.
• Where does it live: meadows, steppes, fields, mountains of Eurasia, North Africa. Not found in forests.
• What does it eat: plant seeds, especially likes wild species millet. Eats bugs, spiders, butterflies and their larvae.

The common shrike (Lanius collurio)

The shrike is a small carnivorous bird of the shrike family of the passerine order. Males differ from females in a brighter color, as seen in the photo. Doesn't really like to sing. Flights of this bird occur at night. Hunts by perching on a branch. The fruits of a successful hunt likes to be impaled on tree thorns or barbed wire.

• The size: 16-18 cm body length, 28-31 cm wingspan, 28 g body weight.
• Where does it live: Almost all of Europe and Western Asia. It flies to the African tropics for the winter.
• What does it eat: large insects, birds smaller than themselves, lizards, voles.

Robin (Erithacus rubecula)

Migratory bird from the flycatcher family. They are pale grey-green above, with a bright orange breast and part of the head. The long-legged bird is a migratory bird, the robin returns to its habitat after wintering among the first. Both females and males sing, but the latter do it better.

• The size: body length reaches 16 cm, on average about 15 cm, weight on average 17-18 grams.
• Where does it live: Northwest Africa, Western Eurasia. They like dense and moist deciduous/mixed forests. Settle in parks and gardens of man.
• What does it eat: worms, snails, insects. They eat berries when there is no main source of food. In winter, they eat soft food in the feeders.

Forest Accentor (Prunella modularis)

The hawk is a small migratory songbird. Belongs to a separate family - zavirushkovyh, in which it is the most common species. It differs from relatives in that it nests in addition to the mountains also on the plain. After all, she is very agile and elusive, moving very quickly through the bushes.

• The size: 13-14.5 centimeters, weight up to 20 g.
• Where does it live: Eurasia: continental Europe, Mediterranean, can be found in the Swiss Alps, the Caucasus Mountains, the Pyrenees. Prefers a temperate climate and undergrowth overgrown with shrubs, especially closer to the water.
• What does it eat: insects, worms, arachnids. In autumn, it changes its diet to plant foods: seeds, berries, fruits. Willingly feeds from feeders if there are bread crumbs or lard.

Chaffinch (Fringila coelebs)

The finch is a bright, pretty songbird of the finches family, about the size of a sparrow. In its natural habitat, it lives on average 2 years, but when tamed by a person, it lives up to 12 years. Males and females differ significantly in coloration, especially in spring. In the top right picture above, you can see a male and female Finch.

• The size: length just over 14 cm. Wingspan from 24.5 to 28.5 cm. The finch weighs from 15 to 40 grams.
• Where does it live: in all types of forests, both coniferous and deciduous, including artificial ones. Prefers not too dense forests with tall mature trees and cool climate. Often settles near a person in parks, squares, or even near residential buildings. Almost the most common bird in Russia.
• What does it eat: seeds, plant shoots, harmful insects, worms.

Oriole (Oreolus oreolus)

The Oriole is the only species of the Oriole family, as well as a common migratory bird in Europe and Asia. loves crowns deciduous trees, is not inclined to gather in large flocks, you can often see a couple of these birds. Not afraid of long flights for the sake of warmth, migrates right up to tropical Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Bright black and yellow appearance.

• The size: 24-25 cm in length, weight varies from 50 to 90 grams.
• Where does it live: Eurasia, covers almost the entire territory of Europe and western Asia. He likes to settle in high deciduous forests, which cannot be said about dense shady forests, Taiga. Often nests near humans, in parks and squares.
• What does it eat: tree insects, caterpillars, large and small insects. Not averse to profiting from smaller bird nests. It can also eat berries, which it does with pleasure during their ripening period.

Badger warbler (Acrocephalus schoenobaenus)

The badger warbler is a migratory bird of the passerine order. Males and females do not differ in color, have a black-gray pattern on top and a light abdomen with a yellowish tint. The nest is built on a small elevation above the ground, the eggs are incubated alternately by the male and the female. In less than two weeks, the chicks are ready for independent living.

• The size: average length - 13 cm, wingspan up to 21 cm. Weight up to 15 gr.
• Where does it live: in thickets of reeds and bushes near rivers, lakes and other bodies of water almost throughout Europe. With the onset of cold weather, it travels an average of 6,000 km to reach places south of the Sahara in Africa.
• What does it eat: insects and berries, as well as shellfish.

Marsh warbler (Acrocephalus palustris)

Similar to the previous family, marsh warblers are similar in size and also do not differ in color depending on sex. Shows a good ability to move in thickets of bushes and reeds, as well as to imitate the singing of some other birds. Considerable life expectancy by the standards of a bird of this size is 9 years.

• The size: Length 13 cm, wingspan reaches 21 cm, weight from 11 to 14 grams.
• Where does it live: European resident in the summer, the Marsh Warbler prefers to winter in Africa south of the equator. Settles near water bodies in dense thickets.
• What does it eat: spiders, insects and their larvae, molluscs.

Coot (Fulica atra)

Coot, Lyska, Kashkaldak or Kachkaldak are all waterfowl migratory birds of the shepherd family. It got its name in Russia for a white leathery growth above the beak. It should be noted that it becomes white in adult birds, and in captives it is red. The shell of the eyes is bright red. The animal feels great in the water, where it spends a huge part of its life.

• The size: length 36-38 cm, wingspan 19.5-23.5 cm, weight 0.5 to 1 kg. Individuals can gain up to 1.5 kg
• Where does it live: on reservoirs with both fresh and slightly salty water. Likes quiet water places, without strong currents. Nests can be found in coastal vegetation. During winter migration, it does not change its habits; it is often found in sea bays, lakes, and reservoirs.
• What does it eat: mostly plant foods, aquatic plants and their fruits. Carnivorous food (insects) makes up no more than 10% of the diet. Can take food from swans and ducks. Sometimes dives in search of food to a depth of 1.5 m.

Buzzard (Buteo buteo)

The buzzard is a predatory migratory bird of the hawk family, found in almost the entire Old World: both in Africa during migration and in Eurasia. They like to settle in forests, from which it is not far to meadows or glades, where they like to hunt. They attack prey either from a leisurely soaring above the ground, or from an elevation. During winter migration, they form large flocks, which are shunned by rabbits and ground squirrels.

• The size: length 51-57 cm, wingspan 110-130 cm. Females are usually larger than males.
• Where does it live: almost throughout Europe, in the forest belt of Asia, it usually migrates to winter in Africa, but may not fly anywhere.
• What does it eat: Small mammals such as rats, mice, ground squirrels, small birds even rabbits. With hunger, it can also profit from carrion.

Common tern (Sterna hirundo)

River Tern is a water-loving bird of the Tern family, belongs to migratory. It is also called Common Tern. Outwardly, it is very similar to the polar one, but a little smaller. Excellent divers, they find their food in the water. Easily recognizable by their bright orange bill with a black tip, black crown and brightly colored flippers.

• The size: the body of an adult is 31 to 35 cm long, wingspan is 70-80 cm, weight is from 97 to 175 g.
• Where does it live: on the coastline of the seas, oceans, as well as rivers and other inland water bodies in Europe, Africa, New Guinea, the Philippines, the western part of South America.
• What does it eat: a small fish that it catches by diving into the water. Also not averse to profit from insects and molluscs.

Klintukh (Columbia oenas)

Klintukh is a pigeon, very similar to the Gray Dove, well known to city dwellers. But unlike him, Klintukh prefers a forest lifestyle far from civilization. Males and females look almost the same, but the males are larger. It usually leads a sedentary lifestyle if it nests in a warm area, but the more north the nest, the more likely it is that Klintukh will fly away from his familiar place to spend the winter in warmer climes.

• The size: length 32-34 cm, male weight 303-365 g, female weight 286-290 g, wingspan 63-70 cm
• Where does it live: deciduous, mixed forests and forest-steppes of Eurasia. Usually does not nest above 500m above sea level.
• What does it eat: seeds of plants and trees, much less - insects, mollusks.

Common Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus)

A familiar species of migratory birds of the cuckoo family by the recognizable singing of the male bird. Do you already have her voice in your head? So, you have ever been near the forest and heard this singing. Most of their life they are silent birds, and only in spring they begin to sing, leading their mating games. According to the observations of ornithologists, in one approach the cuckoo can cuckoo up to 360 times. I wish I could get on such a song after the question “Cuckoo, cuckoo, how long do I have left to live?”

• The size: the length of the cuckoo reaches 34 cm, the wingspan is from 55 to 65 cm, the weight is 80-190 g.
• Where does it live: almost everywhere, in all climatic zones and landscapes, this bird can be found. Winter prefers to spend in Africa and the tropics of Asia.
• What does it eat: mainly by insects and their larvae.

Nightjar (Caprimulgus europaeus)

The nightjar is a nocturnal carnivorous migratory bird of the true nightjar family, slightly larger than a thrush. Feature- a color that allows the bird to camouflage well against the background of tree bark or forest litter. Squinting her eyes, she merges even more with the outside world. They do not shine with long legs, they cannot grasp branches with them. Therefore, the Nightjar sits along the branches, and not across.

• The size: length 24.5-28 cm, wingspan 52-59 cm, weight of males 51-101 g, and females 67-95 g.
• Where does it live: Eurasia, North Africa, in open areas, as well as sparse forests. Avoids dense forest. Likes warm or temperate climates.
• What does it eat: mainly nocturnal insects, catches bees and wasps, mosquitoes.

Forest Pipit (Anthus trivialis)

This migratory bird of the wagtail family is also called "forest chevritsa". It is smaller than a sparrow in size, has a gray-brown top with black-brown blotches, chest and bottom is lighter, but also with dark blotches. The younger the bird, the more clearly the black streaks on the top are visible.

• The size: body length reaches 16 cm.
• Where does it live: in Europe, North and Central Asia.
• What does it eat: insects and their larvae, spiders. In autumn, it begins to eat plant seeds.

Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes)

Wren is a tiny migratory bird of the wren family, its only representative. A small ball of feathers with a trumpet-like tail, this bird is very mobile and loud. Males sing, flying up a tree or other elevation, denoting their territory. They nest unusually, the entrance to their nest is located on the side, which is why it resembles a cave. Therefore, this species was given the name troglodytes.

• The size: one of the smallest birds in Europe. Body length 9-10.5 cm, almost 2 times less than a sparrow! Wingspan 15-17 cm, weight 8-12 g.
• Where does it live: Eurasia, North Africa, North America. Mostly a sedentary bird, only the northern inhabitants migrate south in winter. They love dense and damp coniferous and dark mixed forests, densely overgrown undergrowth.
• What does it eat: invertebrates: worms, beetles, grasshoppers, larvae, wood lice, etc. Sometimes they can hunt small fish in the water. In autumn they turn to berries.

Garden warbler (Acrocephalus dumetorum)

The garden warbler differs slightly from other types of warblers - reed warblers or marsh warblers. Male and female look almost the same. The main difference is the singing of the bird, which you can listen to in the video below. Often imitates the voices of other bird species, but mostly at night.

• The size: length from 11 to 17 cm, wing length from 5.8 to 6.5 cm. Weight from 9 to 15 g.
• Where does it live: east of the south of Finland and the Baltic states, south of the extreme northern point of Ukraine. Winters in India.
• What does it eat: insects.

Corncrake (Crex crex)

Small bird of the shepherd family. It flies reluctantly, but during a winter flight to warmer climes, it easily covers distances of thousands of kilometers. It lives in tall grasses, from where it rarely appears. Secretive bird, sings only during the mating season, the rest of the time it is silent. Poultry meat is valued for its good taste.

• The size: slightly larger than a thrush. Body length 27-30 cm, wingspan 46-53 cm, weight 80-200 g
• Where does it live: in meadows and steppes with tall grasses, in damp thickets, fields. Winters in Africa.
• What does it eat: all in a row, but mostly invertebrates - worms, insects, beetles, snails. Less often - small mice and lizards, seeds of plants.

Field Harrier (Circus cyaneus)

Medium-sized carnivorous migratory bird belonging to the hawk family. It has large wings and a tail, allowing it to hunt quietly and with long hoverings above the ground at low speed. Females are noticeably larger than males.

• The size: length 46-47 cm, wingspan 97-118 cm. Weight of females 390-600 g, males 290-390 g.
• Where does it live: in open landscapes: fields, lawns, steppes, etc., in the north - in the forest-tundra.
• What does it eat: mainly rodents - hamsters, mice, rats, ground squirrels, voles. Can catch rabbits.

Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica)

A migratory bird of the swallow family with a long, forked tail. Social animals, huddle in large flocks. Surely many have seen such flocks on power wires.

• The size: body length from 14.6 to 19.9 cm, wingspan from 31.8 to 34.3 cm. Weight from 17 to 20 g.
• Where does it live: almost everywhere except Antarctica and Australia. Easily adapt to life in any place where there is food.
• What does it eat: insects that are caught on the fly.

City swallow (Delichon urbica)

Originally a rock dweller, this migratory bird of the swallow family has adapted well to life in the concrete jungle. It differs from the rustic in color, which is more black and white, but has a bluish tint in the upper body. In flight, it flaps its wings very quickly: it makes an average of 5.3 flaps per second.

• The size: body length from 12 to 17 cm, wingspan from 20 to 33 cm, weight from 18 to 19 g.
• Where does it live: can often be seen under the eaves of residential buildings, high-rise buildings, on balconies. V wild nature they settle on the rocks, but they are less and less common there, preferring the neighborhood with a person.
• What does it eat: insects caught in flight.

Gray Flycatcher (Muscicapa striata)

This inconspicuous bird of the flycatcher family is about the size of a sparrow, has a long tail, gray or gray-brown plumage, short legs and beak. characteristic vertical fit on a branch. It knows how to distinguish its own eggs from the eggs of other birds, therefore it never becomes a victim of deception by the cuckoo and other birds that lay their own eggs in other people's clutches.

• The size: body length 15.5 cm, weight 15 gr.
• Where does it live: virtually everywhere in Europe and Western Asia. Flies in winter to Africa and southwest Asia.
• What does it eat: insects that it hunts with its typical shaking movements of the tail and wings, after which it soars into the air, trying to catch the insect.

Pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca)

Song migratory bird of the flycatcher family. Males and females differ in color: females are inconspicuous, gray-brown, males are more contrasting, black top, white bottom. It likes to nest in hollows, crevices, under canopies. Doesn't build nests open sky. Females and males pair up to breed and care for offspring. Both parents feed the chicks, making up to 500 flights and returns to the nest.

• The size: body length about 16 cm, weight 15-19 g.
• Where does it live: in the forests of Europe both on the continent and on the islands, in Western Siberia. Flies to winter in North Africa. He likes deciduous light forests or mixed, not dense.
• What does it eat: sawfly larvae, flies, caterpillars, spiders. Moreover, flies make up no more than 1/3 of the diet of the flycatcher. In autumn it also feeds on berries and fruits.

Lesser Flycatcher (Ficedula parva)

Another migratory representative of the flycatcher family, inferior to the rest in size. The coloration of the male is almost identical to the robin, also described in this article. A distinctive feature of males is an orange goiter, framed by a gray stripe. Young males after the first molt in their life look like females, and only by the second spring they become attractive to females.

• The size: 12 cm long, weighs 11 g.
• Where does it live: in almost all types of forests of Eurasia, from Eastern Europe to the western slopes of the Ural Mountains. It flies to the south of Asia for the winter.
• What does it eat: insects, spiders, small mollusks, in autumn it also feeds on berries.

Reed Bunting (Emberiza schoeniculus)

This type of migratory bird is also called cane oatmeal, reed. Adult males are characterized black plumage on the head. Jumps on the ground, but prefers to move through the air with jerky throws up and down. Easily grabs and holds with your feet even on very thin stems.

• The size: body length up to 16 cm, wingspan reaches 23 cm.
• Where does it live: in coastal thickets of reeds, reeds, bushes near lakes, rivers, swamps and other reservoirs. Europe and western Asia except for mountainous areas.
• What does it eat: Most of the time it feeds on seeds, but during the breeding season it switches to insects, snails, and worms.

Willow Warbler (Philloscopus trochilus)

Singing migratory bird of the chiffchaff family of the passerine order. Outwardly, it is difficult to distinguish from the chiffchaff (below), but as soon as she sings, the differences are immediately audible. Males of this species do not differ from females. According to ornithologists, willow warblers are the most numerous bird species migrating from Europe to Africa, with 300 million birds making the journey each year.

• The size: body length from 11 to 13 cm, wingspan from 17 to 22 cm. Weight - from 8 to 11 g.
• Where does it live: almost all of Europe, flies south of the Sahara for the winter. Prefers deciduous and mixed sparse forests, scrub, wet areas, gardens and parks.
• What does it eat: insects and their larvae, spiders, snails, as well as berries and fruits.

Green warbler (Philloscopus trochiloides)

A distinctive feature reflected in the name is the green color of the plumage on the back, head, wings and withers, a little on the chest. Females and males without significant differences from each other. Nests are built in natural landscape shelters - caves, burrows, space under stones, hollows of trees not high above the ground.

• The size: body length about 10 cm, wingspan from 15 to 21 cm, weight up to 8 g.
• Where does it live: the main habitat of the green warbler is the southern and middle taiga, mixed forests, ranging from the east of Central Europe to the Pacific Ocean.
• What does it eat: small insects, spiders, mollusks.

Chiffchaff (Philloscopus collibita)

Tiny bird of the warblers family. It received its name for its manner of singing, in which the repeated sounds “shadow-tien-tin” are guessed. It differs from the willow lizard in that it sings and has darker legs. Another difference between these two species is that the Chiffchaff sometimes lowers its tail.

• The size: length 10-12 cm, weight of males 7-8 g, weight of females 6-7 g.
• Where does it live: in sparse, tall forests with undergrowth, prefers deciduous and mixed. Breeds in Eurasia, winters in the south of the continent, as well as in Africa.
• What does it eat: similarly with other members of the family, insects, caterpillars, snails, larvae, as well as berries and fruits. He eats about 1/3 of his body weight per day.

Ratchet Warbler (Philloscopus sibilatrix)

The top of the rattlesnake with a green tint, the bottom is white. Males and females do not differ in color. It hides its nest on the ground in dense thickets of bushes. The migratory nature, direction and duration of the flight are laid down by nature.

• The size: body length from 11 to 13 cm, wingspan 19-24 cm. The weight of the ratchet warbler is approximately 8 to 13 grams.
• Where does it live: in deciduous and mixed forests of Central Europe, beech parks.
• What does it eat: similarly to other foams, it feeds on spiders, insects and their larvae, small mollusks, berries.

Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)

This carnivorous bird of the Falcon family is distinguished by its way of hunting - it soars in the air at a height of 10-20 meters above the ground in search of prey. It also has a brown plumage. They prefer to migrate alone. More and more often he chooses the neighborhood with a person.

• The size: males are up to 34.5 cm long, have an average wingspan of about 75 cm with an average weight of 200 g. Females are 36 cm long with a wingspan of up to 76 cm, and are heavier than males by an average of 20 grams, but the weight varies depending on the season. Most of all it is during the laying of eggs.
• Where does it live: easily adapts to a variety of conditions, which contributed to their spread in various regions of the Earth. In general, both dense forests and completely bare steppes are avoided.
• What does it eat: small mammals, lizards, large insects.

Quail (Coturnix coturnix)

The quail belongs to the subfamily of the partridge order of the galliformes, it is the only migratory bird of this order. In the past, quails were often caged as songbird or arranged fights between them. Now this practice is less common, but. So is poultry meat. In captivity, the quail feels great.

• The size: Body length 16-20 cm, weight 80-145 g.
• Where does it live: in Europe, Asia and West Africa, in Russia it is distributed to the East up to Baikal in the fields, plains, and mountains.
• What does it eat: plant seeds, young shoots, rarely insects.

Fieldfare (Turdus pilaris)

Fieldfare is a species of thrush that is numerous in Europe. It differs from most thrush species in its way of life - more social. Fieldfare gather in flocks of 60-80 birds, although some still prefer hermitage. In winter, they like to eat mountain ash, for which they got their name. They defend themselves from enemies by bombarding them with their droppings. If a flock of fieldfare is attacked by a bird, then it risks its plumage, which will turn out to be glued and not able to keep the bird in the air.

• The size: 24-28 cm long, wingspan 39-42 cm.
• Where does it live: in almost all of Europe, as well as in Siberia.
• What does it eat: both animal and vegetable food, loves mountain ash, sea buckthorn and other wild berries.

Nightingale (Luscinia luscinia)

The common nightingale is a well-known singing migratory bird, a singer glorified by many Russian fairy tales. His song is a repetitive set of trills, clicks, whistles. Each set is called a knee. Belongs to the flycatcher family. The first nightingales, returning from warm countries, appear in early May, by the 8-10th.

Most likely, he is a direct northern descendant of the southern, or western, nightingale. The range of the common nightingale extends from the western borders of Russia to the Yenisei River. The northern border captures the entire strip of the southern taiga in the European part of Russia and the Urals, descends somewhat to the south to the subtaiga forests in Western Siberia and goes into the forest-steppe on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The southern border captures the forest-steppe and steppe of the European part of Russia, the Caucasus and passes through the territory of dry steppes and semi-deserts of Kazakhstan.

The common nightingale is a moisture-loving bird. It reaches its maximum abundance in floodplain forests. Its favorite habitats are floodplain and lowland moist oak forests of the subzone of coniferous-deciduous forests and oak forests of the European forest-steppe. The main scheme of the nesting microstation of the common nightingale is dense, shady thickets of viburnum, bird cherry, buckthorn and honeysuckle in the floodplain of the river, near a small spring or forest spring. The nightingale willingly nests in dense thickets of moisture-loving grasses. The only important thing is that under the canopy of grass, well hiding the bird and shading the ground, there should be a bare, grass-free space. The best conditions of this type occur in nettle thickets, some umbrella and floodplain shrubs. An excellent example of favorable nesting microstations are elderberry thickets, shady in moist lowland and ravine areas. In the forest zone, the nightingale is widely distributed over the floodplains. forest streams and rivers, lowland alders.

• The size: length up to 20 cm, males weigh 22.4-27.5 g, females 23.8-25.2 g.
• Where does it live: where it is humid, loves littoral forests, lowland oak forests. Often nests in dense thickets of viburnum, bird cherry near rivers and streams, in thickets of grasses. The range is from western Russia to the Yenisei, and from the north - from the southern Taiga to the semi-deserts of Kazakhstan.
• What does it eat: various insects, worms.

Garden warbler (Sylvia borin)

Song migratory bird of the warbler family. It nests low above the ground, usually in bushes or low trees. It takes an average of 6-10 days to build a nest. Male and female alternately incubate offspring and get food. Life expectancy - up to 14 years.

• The size: body length 13-14.5 cm, weight 16-22 g
• Where does it live: forest edges, clearings, as well as shrubs near rivers in Europe, the central and southern regions of Western Siberia.
• What does it eat: insects and caterpillars, in autumn it switches to a berry diet of blueberries, elderberries, raspberries and other berries.

White Warbler (Sylvia communis)

Another small bird of the warbler family, it is distinguished by its gray color. Smaller than a sparrow. It often sings in flight without perching on branches. It differs from other species of the family in its nest building habits: in gray warblers, it turns out to be deeper, with a high content of field cereals.

• The size: 14-20 cm.
• Where does it live: in Europe, Asia Minor, Western Siberia, winters in North-West Africa, Israel.
• What does it eat: insects and berries.

Winter Warbler (Sylvia curruca)

This type of migratory bird is also called the miller warbler. They have a brownish color, which distinguishes them from other warbler species, along with their size. After arrival from warm countries, males immediately begin to sing and build several nest frames. After creating a pair, one of the nests is completed together.

• The size: Body length 11.5-13.5 cm, wings - about 6.5 cm, weight 12-16 g.
• Where does it live: almost everywhere where there are bushes, hedges, including in human gardens. They winter in Africa.
• What does it eat: insects and their larvae, spiders, mollusks, berries.

Warbler (Sylvia atricapilla)

A typical song-migratory warbler, but with black plumage on the head of males. In females, this place is red. Able to sing from dusk to dawn. The offspring are raised in carelessly assembled nests located in bushes or lower branches of trees. After the withdrawal of the first offspring for the season, they begin to build a new nest for the second brood.

• The size: body length 13.5-15 cm, wings 7-8 cm; weight 15-22 g.
• Where does it live: in almost all of Europe, except for the Far North, even Western Siberia. It also breeds in northwestern Africa. Inhabits forests with undergrowth, edges, clearings, thickets along river banks, penetrates mountains, as well as gardens and city parks.
• What does it eat: In summer it feeds on beetles, insects, caterpillars, butterflies, flies, etc. With the ripening of berries in late summer and autumn, the diet changes significantly in their direction.

Black Swift (Apus apus)

A relatively small bird of the swift family, the owner of one of the most high speeds dives: 111 km/h! Tail with a fork-shaped notch, similar to a swallowtail. Males do not differ in color from females. The black swift gradually loses its ideal black color, as the feathers burn out under the influence of the sun.

• The size: up to 18 cm long, wingspan reaches 40 cm.
• Where does it live: in Europe, North and Central Asia. It tends to spend the winter in southern Africa, flying over the entire continent. It nests both in forests and near humans.
• What does it eat: insects that it catches in flight.

Common cricket (Locustella naevia)

A small migratory bird of the order Passeriformes. They got their name for their characteristic singing, similar to the chirping of crickets. They sing even in August-September, when the rest of the birds have already stopped. Females do not differ from males in coloration. It tries to move on the ground, without flights, but easily overcomes distances during winter migration.

• The size: 12 to 14 cm and weighing 14 to 20 grams
• Where does it live: in Europe. Winters in Africa. Cricket can be found in wet meadows, swamps, near rivers, and also on the plains.
• What does it eat: insects and their larvae, spiders, mollusks.

River cricket (Locustella fluviatilis)

Monogamous representative of the order Passeriformes. Nests on the ground. Only the female participates in the construction of the nest, but both parents incubate the chicks. Sings while sitting on a tree. It is most often heard early in the morning or in the evening. Often, at the beginning of the nest building period, it also sings at night while the female is working.

• The size: length from 14.5 to 16 cm.
• Where does it live: from Western Siberia to the east of Central Europe. He likes undergrowth and swampy forests, meadows. He needs cover from above and room to move down.
• What does it eat: insects and their larvae.

White Wagtail (Motacilla alba)

A bird of the order Passeriformes of the Wagtail family. It has a long tail, which likes to shake, shake, for which it got its name. It nests in natural and artificial depressions.

• The size: 16-19 cm, weight 20-23 g.
• Where does it live: in Europe, Asia, North Africa.
• What does it eat: mostly insects, very rarely - berries and seeds.

Gray heron (Ardea cinerea)

Carnivorous bird of the heron family of the stork order. The long neck, long legs and beak make this bird well adapted for hunting in shallow water. large bird but the females are not as big as the males. More external differences no between sexes. It nests in colonies, usually up to 20 nests, but sometimes more, up to 1000 individuals.

• The size: a large variation in the size of individuals. Body length up to 102 cm. Wingspan from 1.5 to 1.75 m, sometimes up to 1.95 m.
• Where does it live: widely distributed in Eurasia near suitable reservoirs, where at least 5 months the water is not covered with ice, there is shallow water and enough food.
• What does it eat: mainly fish, but also eats rodents, and in general all animals that it can swallow. What the heron has not been able to digest, she regurgitates in compressed lumps.

Hobby (Falco subbuteo)

Relatively small bird of the Falcon family, carnivorous. The main version about the origin of the name is from the Old Russian word "chegl", which means "genuine". This name ranked the Hobby among the noble falcons, which were used in hunting as opposed to unsuitable for it.

• The size: Length 28-36 cm, wingspan 69-84 cm, weight 130-340 g.
• Where does it live: in forest-steppes and light, sparse forests. Prefers areas where the forest alternates with open spaces.
• What does it eat: small birds not larger than a thrush and large insects.

Common lentil (Carpodacus erythrinus)

Bright bird of the finches family. Rather, only males are bright, while females have a less catchy color. Early fly away to winter - in mid-August. These birds have a route first to Siberia, and only then to the south.

• The size: 16.5 cm, weight around 20 g.
• Where does it live: in the forest zone of Eurasia, flies to the southern part of Asia for wintering.
• What does it eat: plant seeds, berries, sometimes insects.

Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus)

The lapwing is a small migratory bird belonging to the plovers family. Males have a pronounced feathery crest on the head and a distinct metallic green sheen of feathers on the sides and top. For females, this is also characteristic, but much less pronounced. When migrating, they gather in large flocks of many hundreds of birds. Nests are built directly on the ground, marking them with a small plant stack. The eggs are incubated alternately by the male and the female.

• The size: about 30 cm long.
• Where does it live: from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean near water bodies.
• What does it eat: beetles, larvae, worms.

Chernysh (Tringa ochropus)

A bird of the snipe family, which bears the popular nickname for dogs as a name. These birds lead an active lifestyle at dusk, constantly shaking their tail. Likes to sit in trees. While searching for food, you can often hear his call, sounding like something like "tween". Does not nest on the ground, prefers ready-made housing left by other birds, such as thrushes.

• The size: 21-24 cm, weight is 50 to 80 g, and the wingspan is 41 to 46 cm
• Where does it live: in moist, sparse forests, in swamps.
• What does it eat: water-dwelling insects, crustaceans and small fish.

Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus)

Predatory bird of the gull family, one of the most common species of gulls on the planet. Social animals huddle in large flocks, in which they constantly and actively discuss something, without ceasing to give voice. Depending on the habitat, it can be either a settled bird or a migratory one.

• The size: Body length 35-39 cm, wingspan 86-99 cm, weight 200-350 g.
• Where does it live: on the reservoirs of a significant part of Eurasia, the coast of the Atlantic Ocean of Canada, can often be found in Russia near reservoirs.
• What does it eat: worms, insects, including large ones, and their larvae, as well as small rodents and fish. Regulars of landfills and fish processing places, where they feed on waste.

Meadow coin (Saxicola rubetra)

Meadow coin is a songbird of the flycatcher family. Live up to 8 years. Males are darker and more contrasting in appearance, while females are more brown. They are not in a hurry to build nests, they are waiting for more growth of meadow grasses closer to June. It sings and hunts, climbing high stems of bushes or grasses. One activity often leads to another.

• The size: length 13-14 cm, weight 15-20 g.
• Where does it live: throughout Europe from April to September, then flies to sub-Saharan Africa. Loves grassy meadows, pastures, swamps, wastelands.
• What does it eat: worms, insects and their larvae, spiders, berries.

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The list of such birds is huge, but you need to clearly know which are migratory birds, which can be called conditionally migratory, and which are always settled.

Migratory birds:

• lapwing;
• song thrush;
• robin;
• lark;
• flycatcher;
• finch;
• dawn;
• garden warbler;
• kingfisher;
• redstart;
• hoopoe;
• bittern;
• wagtail;
• oriole;
• black-headed warbler;
• Swan;
• goose;
• duck;
• rook;
• crane;
• capercaillie;
• grouse;
• pika;
• crossbill.

Pictures with names for children, which depict birds flying south in winter, most often represent cranes. But great amount birds leaves their habitat, except for these birds, and they do not do it right away, but each species at a certain time.

Some migratory birds: pictures with names and an indication of the order of flight to the south

Birds, whose food is only insects, leave the place of residence first. This is logical, because it is insects that begin to hide or die with the onset of cold weather.

Migratory bird wagtail, photo

Behind them, those birds rush to the southern regions, whose food is flowers, seeds, fruits. They do this somewhat later than insectivores, and this is understandable: fruits and seeds are available for food for a very long time, until it becomes completely cold and there is a solid snow cover on the ground.

At the same time, birds fly away, which have a mixed diet in summer, and only plant food in autumn.

For example, this is a siskin - aphids and other small insects are gone in autumn, and it completely switches to seeds.
Migratory bird siskin, photo


And the last ones to escape from the cold are birds living on water bodies, when the surface of rivers and lakes is covered with ice. Among waterfowl, by the way, there is a tendency towards conditional migration: if the winter is warm and the water does not freeze, they do not fly anywhere.
Waterfowl migratory birds: pictures

Among birds that feed on plant or "live" food on land, conditional migration can also be observed. For example, these are jays and waxwings: the further south they live, the less often they leave their habitat in winter.

Famous migratory birds: pictures, names, main wintering grounds

common cuckoo. From Central Asia and Siberia, these birds rush to the southern part of the Sahara in Africa. From England and northern Europe, common cuckoos fly to southern Africa, even reaching South Africa.
Starlings Russian, Ukrainian and Scandinavian planes are flying to the south of Europe. Sometimes they cause great inconvenience to residents of southern European countries in winter. For example, in Italy during the winter months they are so noisy that they block the hum of traffic in cities.
If speak about cranes, then the area of ​​​​their flight is very wide. The Caucasus, the Nile Valley, the north and west of India, Iraq - these are far from all the wintering places for cranes.
Nightingales almost everyone flies to Africa for the winter, mostly to the west, but they try to stay in countries south of the equator.
Swan- the largest feathered living on the water, and the largest migratory bird. Russian swans for the winter fly to the Mediterranean and Caspian Seas, to the south of the Asian coasts.
Swallow and, all their varieties are migratory. From the West, they fly to sub-Saharan Africa for the winter, while those from the East fly to China and areas adjacent to the Himalayas.
Rooks, inhabiting almost all of Eurasia from Scandinavia to the Pacific coast, fly relatively close in winter. Russian rooks rush to Turkey, from Europe - to Italy and France, Volga - mainly to Kazakhstan.
Watch a video about migratory birds.

CHILDREN SHOULD KNOW NONS: rook, starling, swallow, swift, cuckoo, crane, geese, swans, lark, thrush, nest, birdhouse, male, female, chicks, eggs, singer, insects, larvae, plumage, flock, countries, legs , neck, wing, eyes, tail, beak, head, stork, heron.

VERBS: fly, fly away, arrive, return, build, clean, lay, twist, take out, hatch, feed, grow up, get stronger, squeak, sing, coo, leave, say goodbye, gather, eat, peck, destroy, twist, pinch, glue, stick.

ADJECTIVES: big, small, singing, black, warm (edges), white, striped, caring, troublesome, spring, strangers, fluffy, sonorous, field, distant, beautiful, long-legged, waterfowl, agile, vociferous.

LET'S TALK ABOUT BIRDS.
Migratory birds are birds that fly from us in autumn to warmer climes.
These birds are insectivorous (they eat insects), feed on insects.

In autumn, insects hide, birds have nothing to eat, so they fly away.

Ducks, geese and swans fly away in a string - with a rope.

Swallows and starlings fly away in a flock.

Cranes fly away in a wedge - an angle.

And the cuckoos fly away one by one.
In the spring migratory birds come back to us.

Birds have a head with a beak, a body with two wings, two legs with claws, a tail and plumage.

CHILDREN SHOULD BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY EXTRA AND EXPLAIN: WHY?
Magpie, crow, titmouse, swallow (swallow is a migratory bird, the rest are wintering).
Lark, sparrow, rook, starling.
Crow, duck, dove, sparrow.
Rook, tit, swallow, cuckoo.
Magpie, sparrow, woodpecker, swift.
Dove, swan, heron, crane.

Beetle, butterfly, chick, mosquito
(chick is a bird, other insects).

CORRECTLY NAME THE CHICKS:
Cranes - cranes.
Rooks - rooks.
Geese - goslings.
Starlings - starlings.
Ducks - ... .
Cuckoos - ... .
Swifts - ... .

CORRECTLY ANSWER THE QUESTIONS: WHOSE? WHOSE? WHOSE? WHOSE?
Whose beak?
The crane has a crane.
The goose has a goose.
The duck has...
The cuckoo has...
At the rook - ....

ONE - MANY.
Cuckoo - cuckoo.
Crane - cranes.
Starling - starlings.
Nightingale - nightingales.
Lark - larks.
Swan - swans.
Rook - rooks.
Duck - ducks.
Swallow - swallows.
Rook - rook.
Stork - storks.
Gosling - goslings.

WHO VOICES HOW:
Cuckoo - cuckoo.
Swallow - chirps.
Starling - sings.
Crane - cooing.
Duck - quacks.
Goose - cackle.

DESCRIPTION AND COMPARE BIRDS ACCORDING TO THE PLAN:
Wintering or migratory bird?
Why are they called that?
Appearance (tail, head, wings, torso, beak, feathers, colors ...)
What does it eat?
Where he lives - a hollow, a birdhouse, a nest ...

COMPILATION OF A DESCRIPTIVE STORY.
The rook is a black bird with a white beak. The rook has a head, body, wings, tail, paws. The whole body of the bird is covered with feathers. In the spring, rooks arrive from warm countries, build nests and hatch chicks - rooks. Rooks feed on insects, worms and plant seeds. In autumn, when it gets cold, rooks gather in flocks and fly to warmer countries until spring. Rooks help people, they destroy insects and caterpillars - pests of fields and gardens.

The grass is green, the sun is shining
A swallow with spring in the canopy flies to us.
With her, the sun is more beautiful and spring is sweeter ...
Chirp from the road hello to us soon.
I will give you grains, and you sing a song,
What did you bring with you from distant countries?
(A. Pleshcheev)

PROMPT A WORD.
On the pole is a palace, in the palace is a singer, and his name is ... (starling).

CALL AWESOME:
The nightingale is a nightingale.
Crane - crane.
Swan - swan ....

WHO - WHO?
The cuckoo has cuckoos, cuckoos.
The crane has a crane cub, cubs.
The starling has a starling, a starling.
The swan has a swan, swans.
The rook has a rook, a rook.
A duck has a duckling, ducklings.
The stork has storks, storks.
The goose has a gosling, goslings.

END THE SENTENCE WITH THE WORDS "LONG-LEGED CRANE":
In the field I saw ... (long-legged crane). I watched for a long time ... (long-legged crane). I really liked this beautiful and slender ... (long-legged crane). I wanted to approach ... (long-legged crane). But he got scared and flew away. He flew beautifully, spreading his wings, and circling in the sky ... (long-legged crane). I told my mother about ... (long-legged crane). Mom said that you can’t approach and scare ... (a long-legged crane). I promised my mother not to approach ... (long-legged crane) anymore. Now I will only watch from afar ... (long-legged crane).

CHOOSE THE PREPOSITION REQUIRED IN THE MEANING (FROM, IN, TO, OVER, ON, ON):
Rook flew out... nests. The rook has arrived... a nest. The rook flew up... to the nest. The rook is circling ... in a nest. The rook sat down... on a branch. Rook walks ... arable land.

WE IMPROVE THE ABILITY TO REPRESENT.

RETELL THE STORY ON THE QUESTIONS:
The rooks have arrived.
The rooks arrive first. There is still snow all around, and they are already here. The rooks will rest and begin to build nests. Rooks make their nests on top of a tall tree. Rooks hatch their chicks earlier than other birds.

Which birds arrive first in spring?
What do the rooks immediately start doing?
Where do they build their nests?
When do they hatch chicks?

Harbingers of spring.
The cold winter has passed. Spring is coming. The sun rises higher. It heats up more. The rooks have arrived. The children saw them and shouted: “The rooks have arrived! The Rooks Have Arrived!"

What was the winter like?
What comes after winter?
How warm is the sun in spring?
Who arrived?
Who did the children see?
What did they scream?

RETELL THE STORY IN THE FIRST PERSON:
Sasha decided to make a birdhouse. He took boards, a saw, sawed planks. From them he made a birdhouse. The birdhouse was hung on a tree. May the starlings have a good home.

FINISH THE OFFER:
There is a nest on the tree, and on the trees ... (nests).
On a branch of boughs, and on branches ... .
There is a chick in the nest, and in the nests - ....
There is a tree in the yard, and in the forest - ....

GUESS MYSTERIES:
Without hands, without an ax
Hut built.
(Nest.)

Appeared in a yellow coat
Farewell, two shells.
(Chick.)

On the sixth palace
Singer in the yard
And his name is...
(Starling.)

White-billed, black-eyed,
He importantly walks behind the plow,
Worms, finds bugs.
Faithful watchman, friend of the fields.
The first herald of warm days.
(Rook.)

READ THE POSTS ABOUT BIRDS, LEARN ONE OF THEM BY LOCK.
Starlings.
We even got up at night
Looking out the window into the garden
Well, when, well, when
Will our guests arrive?
And today we looked
A starling sits on an alder tree.
Arrived, arrived

Finally arrived!

We live next to small feathered neighbors who decorate and enrich our lives with sonorous unforgettable singing and sometimes unusual plumage coloring. We can see small winged creatures in gardens, parks, forests and even outside the window of our apartments all year round. Many birds leave their homes and, with the onset of cold weather, fly away to warm places a habitat. But, some of the birds remain to winter and perfectly cope with the harsh frosty winters of our latitudes. What birds remain in their native lands and how they endure the cold - let's talk about it.

Birds that live in a certain area throughout their lives are called sedentary. "Settling down" and constantly living within the same range, making nests, feeding chicks, feeding on available food - is typical for sedentary birds. These birds do not fly south with the onset of cold weather, they are able to get food even in severe snowy conditions.

Wintering birds are well adapted to frost due to the deposition of fat. In cold windy weather, birds fluff their feathers to keep warm. Most often, birds suffer not from severe winter frosts, but from lack of food. In snowy winters, it is especially difficult for birds to feed themselves. Therefore, birds settle near human habitation. This makes it easier for them to find food and survive.

Sedentary birds list with names

It seems to us that almost all birds migrate to warmer climes during the cold winter. In fact, many birds do not leave their place of residence and spend the winter in their homes. We list the most common birds leading a sedentary lifestyle. We often see these birds in city parks, squares, in forests near country houses. In winter, wintering birds get closer to human dwellings in search of food.

• pigeons
• tits
• sparrows
• Bullfinches
• magpies
• Jackdaws
• crows
• black grouse
• capercaillie
• Dubonosy
• grouse
• Woodpeckers
• owls
• Nuthatch
• Dippers
• Crossbills
• Goldfinches
• pikas
• Waxwings
• Chizhi and other birds

Sedentary birds photo with names

Let's talk about the most common birds that are not afraid of the cold and winter in our area. Let's start the review with restless and noisy sparrows.

house sparrows They live near human dwellings, which is why they got such a name. In summer, sparrows appear as nondescript gray-brown chirping birds. Only in winter, against the backdrop of white snow, you can see the true beauty of the birds. Males stand out especially with a black shirt-front on the chest and a “mask” around the eyes.

Pugnacious little creatures for the winter are grouped in flocks. This makes it easier for the birds to feed. With regard to food, sparrows are not picky - they can eat anything: edible garbage near garbage cans, seeds, seeds, hibernating insects in tree bark, dry fruits and berries.

great tit often found on tree branches in cities and rural areas. This is the largest of all types of tits. Beautiful elegant bird with olive-yellow plumage and white cheeks. The head of the tit is adorned with a black cap, and a vertical strip of black feathers runs along the breast.

The "intelligent" bird carefully peels each seed from the shell with its beak, carefully looking around. After feeding, the bird cleans its beak on a branch and flies for the next seed. Having found food, the tits notify their relatives and soon the entire blue flock flocks to the “tasty” place.

blue titmouse- decoration of our forests. A small titmouse with bluish-yellow feathers and a charming blue top on its head. Dark blue eyeliner stands out brightly near the beak and converges at the back of the head. The blue tit is an excellent songbird, its trills cover 5-15 transitions.

Other species of tits also winter in our latitudes. Most often found Muscovy tits, titmouse,crested tits. Birds love to feast on sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, plant seeds, nuts, unsalted lard.

Moskovka or black tit lives in a coniferous forest, and closer to winter moves closer to people.

Titmouse-gadgets or black-headed nuts in winter, it flocks together with Muscovites, pikas, and titmouse for joint food.

crested tits or grenadiers have a flirtatious tuft on the head, which is always raised. By winter, it gathers in mixed flocks with small birds for winter survival and is determined closer to settlements.

Nuthatch- nimble little birds that choose small hollows for housing. Females "adjust" the size of the hole in the hollow to the desired size, covering the excess space with clay. Agile birds quickly scurry up and down the trunk of trees, even upside down in search of food, as if "crawling" - hence the bird's name.

Dippers or water sparrows feel good close to ice-free reservoirs. Small fish, crustaceans, insects and their larvae in coastal pebbles are the main food for birds. The snow-white breast, which adorns a small bird, is saturated with fat and is not wetted by water. Olya is an excellent swimmer and diver. Under water, the bird can stay for almost a whole minute, running up to 20 m along the underwater rocks.

Bullfinches- bright and prominent pichugs that stand out against the background of the snow cover. Bullfinches-males have a bright red chest, females are painted more modestly. Rowan berries are a favorite delicacy of birds, so birds can often be seen on rowan branches.

Waxwings- beautiful wintering birds with silky plumage. Feathers are painted in a delicate brown color interspersed with red, yellow, black and white hues. In summer, birds feed on insects, and with the advent of cold weather and snowfalls, they switch to berries of mountain ash, hawthorn, viburnum, chokeberry, which hang on bushes in winter. Many summer residents deliberately leave some of the berries on the bushes to feed the birds in difficult times.

Jays- cautious birds with bright blue patches on the wings. "Shining" bird, as the name of the bird is translated from the Old Russian language. In warm weather, jays hide in the dense foliage of large trees, where they find a lot of food. In winter, you can see jays within the city, where they move from the forest zone in search of food. The bird has the unique ability to imitate other birds and even imitate the “knock” of an axe.

gray crows ubiquitous in urban and rural areas. Closer to winter, they group into mixed flocks of corvids for food and survival in winter. They move widely on the ground, spreading their legs, in a hurry, sensing danger, begins to “jump”.

Crows are omnivorous birds: insects, small vertebrates, chicks and eggs in the nests of other birds, berries, seeds, plant fruits - everything is suitable for a picky bird. Crows are excellent natural "orderlies", eating garbage and any carrion.

Jackdaws- numerous wintering birds living in small groups or numerous flocks with other birds. In winter, they mainly feed on food waste in landfills or from garbage containers. They spend the night in the branches of large trees. Jackdaws have long lived next to humans. Birds are easily tamed and very sociable. The craving of birds for shiny things is known.

Spotted Woodpeckers with the help of a strong beak, they look for insects, larvae and hidden clods in the bark of trees. The birds have beautiful plumage. The red back of the head and bright underwings adorn the tireless forest "nurse"-worker. White horizontal stripes on black wings give the bird a special charm. Woodpeckers move little and cover short distances. In their territory, birds create a strong knock on tree trunks, announcing their presence.

Sedentary birds in autumn and winter

Sedentary birds in summer and autumn live comfortably in their specific territory. As a rule, birds settle in their old nests. And if for any reason they collapsed, tireless workers build new nests for breeding. In summer and autumn, there is still enough food to feed on, and many birds stock up on food for the winter.

With the onset of cold weather, it is increasingly difficult for birds to find food. Therefore, many birds roam closer to human habitation from nearby forests for the winter. Here you can meet Crow, jackdaws, sparrows, bullfinch, tits on the branches of park trees near housing estates. Increasingly, people are arranging artificial bird feeders on balconies, on trees near houses and in city parks.

Here, hungry birds can eat bread crumbs, seeds, nuts, cereals, and titmouse - unsalted fat.

IMPORTANT: When installing a bird feeder, bird food should be added regularly. Birds get used to feeding places very quickly, so in bad weather they rush to these places to get food. It is necessary to ensure that there is always food in the bird feeder.

Which birds are sedentary and which are migratory

settled or wintering birds stay at home during the winter. They are not afraid of cold weather and can get their own food even in cold weather, flying up to the places of human residence.

Migratory birds during the winter they fly to countries with a warm climate. Many birds cannot provide themselves with food in winter. These are mainly insectivorous birds that feed on flying insects, larvae, caterpillars, fruits and berries of plants.

Therefore, already in September, they are forced to leave their nests and migrate to countries with living conditions similar to those in their homeland. With the advent of spring and warm days, they return to their former nesting sites. Migratory birds include:

• Wagtails
• Rooks
• Starlings
• geese
• swallows
• Swans
• Larks
• Thrushes many other birds

wandering birds- an intermediate link between wintering and migratory birds. These birds are able to fly short distances in search of food and resting places. Bullfinches, woodpeckers, waxwings, tits can migrate to another territory within 10-1000 km if there is a threat to their existence and there is no available food.

What is the difference between sedentary birds and wintering birds

Wintering or sedentary birds live in a certain territory and do not migrate south with the onset of winter. In places of permanent habitat, such birds settle for life (hence the name of the birds - sedentary), build nests, and raise young offspring.

Birds can forage even in cold weather, so they stay over the winter (wintering birds are also called sedentary birds). In severe snow frosts, birds can move short distances in search of food. Most often, settled birds settle near human habitation, where they receive enough food to survive cold times.

Sedentary birds of the middle lane, list

Russian ornithologists are constantly updating the lists of sedentary birds that live in the middle part of Russian Federation. In the context of global warming, this list is replenished with birds that migrate with the approach of cold weather closer to human settlements.

More often waterfowl remain to winter near non-freezing or partially freezing reservoirs within the city. Here is a list of the most common sedentary birds in central Russia, which can be found in different habitats from March to December

waterfowl

• Mallard
• black-headed gull
• Little Gull

predator birds

• Rough-footed buzzard
• goshawk
• Merlin
• Owl
• White Owl
• sparrow owl
• Owl

forest birds

• Grouse
• Capercaillie
• black grouse
• ptarmigan
• gray partridge

• Kedrovka
• Jay
• Bunting
• common grosbeak
• common bullfinch
• white-winged crossbill
• Pine crossbill
• waxwing
• Goldfinch

• Zelna
• spotted woodpecker
• grey-haired woodpecker
• white-backed woodpecker
• green woodpecker
• three-toed woodpecker

birds that live near human habitation

• Magpie
• Crow
• Hoodie
• common jackdaw

The most beautiful wintering birds in Russia, video

Sedentary birds list with pictures Grade 3

Sedentary or wintering birds live next to humans. During the winter cold, our little feathered friends should be helped by equipping bird canteens. Birds are our little feathered worker friends. Don't forget about them in winter. The main condition for the survival of birds in severe weather is a sufficient amount of food, and not severe frosts. Let's help the birds to survive in the winter - and the little creatures will thank us with cheerful chirping in the summer and the prosperity of our forests, gardens and parks.

Video: who winters with us