» »

Birinchisi ketdi. Airbus A400 samolyotining umumiy ko'rinishi: tarixi, xususiyatlari, rejasi, analoglari bilan taqqoslash A400 ning texnik xususiyatlari

Airbus Military 2009-2013 yillar davomida Airbusning EADS bo'limi bo'lgan. Kompaniya rasmiy ravishda 2009-yil aprel oyida sobiq Havo transporti samolyotlari boʻlimi (MTAD) va Airbus Military Sociedad Limitada (AMSL)ni Airbusga integratsiyalashgan holda tashkil etilgan. 2014 yil yanvar oyida Airbus Military, Astrium va Cassidian EADSning sobiq bo'linmalari Airbus Defence and Space tashkil qilish uchun birlashtirildi.

Harbiy transport aviatsiyasi bo'limi (MTAD) engil va o'rta vositalarni ishlab chiqdi va ishlab chiqardi transport vositasi Airbus A400 kabi.

A400M birlashtirgan ilg'or samolyotdir zamonaviy texnologiyalar 21-asr va shu bilan Qurolli Kuchlarning hozirgi va kelajakdagi ehtiyojlarini qondiradi. Samolyot har qanday ob-havo sharoitida va kunning vaqtida kichik va tayyorlanmagan uchish-qo'nish yo'laklari mavjud bo'lgan joylarga etkazib berish bilan strategik foydali yuklarni bajarishga qodir.

Airbus A400 samolyotini ko'rib chiqish: tarixi, xususiyatlari, rejasi, analoglari bilan taqqoslash

Airbus A400M harbiy transport samolyoti bo'lib, to'rtta dvigatel va turbovintli tizimga ega. U og'irroq yuklarni ko'tarishi va qo'pol uchish-qo'nish yo'laklaridan foydalanishi mumkin.

Dizayn xususiyatlari

Airbus A400M mavjud samolyotlarga qaraganda ikki baravar yuk tashish imkoniyatiga ega. Yuk bo'limining uzunligi 17,71 m, rampadan tashqari, kengligi 4,00 m va balandligi 3,85 m.A400M ko'plab konfiguratsiyalarda ishlaydi, shu jumladan yuk tashish, qo'shinlarni tashish va tibbiy evakuatsiya.

U bort boshqaruvchilari va parvozlarni himoya qiluvchi parvozlarni boshqarish tizimi bilan jihozlangan. Boshqa Airbus samolyotlari singari, A400M ham butunlay shisha kabinaga ega. Shlangi tizimda 3000 psi quvvatga ega ikkita kanal mavjud. Birlamchi va ikkilamchi parvozni boshqarish aktuatorlarini oziqlantirishga ruxsat berish. Masalan: shassi, g'ildirak tormozlari, yuk eshigi va qo'shimcha yonilg'i quyish tizimi. A380da bo'lgani kabi, uchinchi gidravlik tizim ham mavjud emas. Buning o'rniga ikkita elektr tizimi mavjud. Ulardan biri ikki kanalli elektr gidravlik aktuatorlar to'plami, ikkinchisi esa gibrid elektr/gidravlik aktuatordir. Turli manbalar jangovar zararlardan ko'proq himoya qiladi.

Samolyot har biri 8250 kVt (11 000 ot kuchi) bo'lgan to'rtta Europrop TP400-D6 dvigateli bilan jihozlangan.

Airbus A400 qanotlari asosan uglerod tolasi bilan mustahkamlangan plastmassadan iborat. A400M ning har bir qanotidagi bir juft pervanel qarama-qarshi yo'nalishda aylanadi, pervanel uchlari yuqoridan ikki dvigatel o'rtasida o'rtaga cho'zilgan. Qarama-qarshi aylanish ikki dvigatelga o'rnatilgan vites qutisi yordamida amalga oshiriladi. Pervanel teskari yo'nalishda aylanganda, barcha to'rtta motor bir xil yo'nalishda aylanadi. Bu bitta samolyot uchun ikki xil dvigatelga ega bo'lish zaruratini yo'q qiladi, bu esa xarajatlarni soddalashtiradi texnik xizmat ko'rsatish va yetkazib berish.

Kengaytirilgan infraqizil koʻrish (EVS) kamerasi past koʻrinish sharoitida yaxshilangan koʻrinishni taʼminlaydi. EVS tasvirlari past balandlikdagi HUD da ko'rsatiladi, bu tunda yoki bulutlarda taktik missiyalar uchun uning qiymatini ko'rsatadi. EADS va Thales A400M uchun yangi multicast infraqizil signalizatsiya (MIRAS) sensorini taqdim etadi.

Yaratilish tarixi

Harbiy transport samolyotini yaratish loyihasi 1982 yilda boshlangan. Future International Military Airlifter (FIMA) deb nomlangan guruhga bir nechta hamkor davlatlar kiritilgan:

  • Aerospatiale (Frantsiya);
  • British Aerospace (Buyuk Britaniya);
  • Lokxid (Kaliforniya);
  • Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm (Germaniya);
  • Aleniya (Italiya);
  • CASA (Ispaniya).

Bundan tashqari, Turkiya, Belgiya va Portugaliya dasturning assotsiativ a'zolari sifatida ishtirok etdi.

Yuqori talablar va murakkab xalqaro siyosat tufayli rivojlanish jarayoni sekinlashdi. Shunday qilib, Lockheed yangilangan C-130J Super Herculesni ishlab chiqish uchun 1989 yilda assotsiatsiyani tark etdi. Unga Italiyaning Aleniya va CASA qo'shildi.

Tanlangan SNECMA M138 dvigateli talablarga yaroqsiz bo'lib chiqdi. Dvigatelning taxmin qilingan tezligi va kuchiga erishish uchun yangisi kerak edi. 2002 yil aprel oyida Airbus Military taklif so'rovini yubordi (RFP). Siyosiy aralashuv tufayli PW180 dvigateli Airbus Military tomonidan 2003 yil may oyida tanlagan TP400-D6 ga yo'l berdi.

Birinchi parvoz 2008 yilning yanvariga rejalashtirilgan edi. Sana qoldirildi, 2008 yil 26 iyunda San-Pabloda (Sevilya yaqinida) samolyot namoyishi bo'lib o'tdi. Birinchi parvoz 2009 yil dekabr oyida amalga oshirilgan. Lekin yetkazib berish ham loyiha kechikishi tufayli xarajatlar ortib ketgani uchun 2012 yilgacha kechiktirildi. Mijoz mamlakatlarning qo'llab-quvvatlashi tufayli 2011 yil iyul oyiga qadar o'n sakkizta davlat tomonidan 174 ta Airbus A400 buyurtma qilingan. 2013 yilda birinchi samolyot Frantsiya harbiy-havo kuchlariga topshirildi.

Texnik xususiyatlari

30 tonna (66 000 funt) sig'imga ega A400M ish diapazoni. Airbus Defence & Space spetsifikatsiyasi ma'lumotlari.

Umumiy xususiyatlar:

  • Ekipaj: 3 yoki 4 (2 uchuvchi, 1-2 styuardessa);
  • Imkoniyat: 37 000 kg (81 600 funt);
  • 116 ta to'liq jihozlangan parashyutlar;
  • 25 nafar tibbiyot xodimi hamrohligida 66 tagacha zambil.

Parvoz-texnik xususiyatlari

Analoglar bilan taqqoslash

Lockheed C-130 va Boeing C-17 bilan solishtirganda, Airbus A400M har tomonlama, ham hajmi, ham tezligi va masofasining ortishi bilan farq qiladi. A400 ning yuk ko'tarish quvvati mos ravishda va o'lchamlari deyarli ikki baravar katta yuk kabinasi Ko'proq.

Ammo agar siz Airbus a400 ni An-70 samolyoti bilan taqqoslasangiz, ularning texnik xususiyatlari va parvoz ma'lumotlari yaqin ekanligini sezasiz. A400m modelida biroz ko'proq afzalliklar mavjud. Airbusdagi farqlar qanotning uzunligi va maydonida bo'ladi, garchi An-70da yuk bo'limi va qanot uzunligi uzunroq bo'lsa ham. Maksimal uchish og'irligi aerobusda yana 6 tonna bor. Ammo eng katta farq bu narxda, chunki Evropa layneri ikki baravar qimmat turadi.

Qayerda ishlab chiqariladi

Birinchi A400M ni yig'ish EADS kompaniyasining Ispaniyadagi Sevilyadagi zavodida 2007 yil boshida boshlangan. Chet eldagi boshqa ob'ektlarda ishlab chiqarilgan yirik konstruktiv elementlar Sevilyadagi ishlab chiqarishga etkazib berildi transport kompaniyalari Airbus Beluga. 2008 yil fevral oyida to'rtta reaktiv dvigatel Europrop TP400-D6. Testlar samolyot A400M 2008 yil 12 martda Ispaniyada boshlangan. 2010 yilga kelib Airbus yiliga 30 ta samolyot ishlab chiqarishni rejalashtirgan.

Yangiliklar

2015-yil 10-sentabrda RAF A400M flotining parvoz soatlari boʻyicha yetakchisi deb eʼlon qilindi, 900 soatdan 300 dan ortiq parvozni toʻrtta samolyotdan iborat flot amalga oshirdi. RAF Heavy Aircraft Squadron xodimi Glen Uilkoks, kareraning boshida samolyot uchun ishonchlilik darajasi juda yuqori ekanligini va tungi ko'rish ko'zoynagi, sovuq, shovqin va yuk ko'rsatkichlari sinovlari muvaffaqiyatli yakunlanganini tasdiqladi.

2004 yil dekabr oyida Janubiy Afrika taxminan 837 million evroga teng sakkizta A400M sotib olganini e'lon qildi va mamlakat Airbus Military jamoasiga sanoat hamkori sifatida qo'shildi. 2010 yildan 2012 yilgacha etkazib berish kutilgan edi. 2009 yilda Janubiy Afrika barcha sakkiztasini bekor qildi samolyot, ko'tarilgan xarajatlarni keltirib.

2005 yil dekabr oyida Malayziya Qirollik havo kuchlari o'zining C-130 Hercules parkini to'ldirish uchun to'rtta A400M samolyotiga buyurtma berdi.

2017-yil yanvar oyida Indoneziya mamlakat harbiy samolyotlari salohiyatini oshirish va havo kuchlarini modernizatsiya qilish uchun beshta A400M samolyotini sotib olishni ma’qulladi.

A400M samolyoti 2015-yil 9-may kuni birinchi sinov parvozini amalga oshirayotganda Ispaniyaning Sevilya shahridagi San-Pablo aeroportidan havoga ko‘tarilganidan ko‘p o‘tmay qulab tushdi. Ispaniyaning Airbus samolyotining to‘rt nafar ekipaj a’zosi halok bo‘ldi va yana ikki nafari og‘ir yaralandi. Omon qolganlardan biri tergovchilarga "samolyotda bir nechta dvigatel ishdan chiqqani"ni aytdi. Keyinchalik ma'lum bo'lishicha, avariya dvigatelni boshqarishning elektron-raqamli tizimi fayllarning tasodifiy o'chirilishi tufayli dvigatel sensorlarini to'g'ri o'qiy olmagani bilan bog'liq. Natijada to'rtta dvigateldan uchtasi uchish paytida pervanellari ishlamay qolgan.

Buyuk Britaniya Qirollik havo kuchlari 2015 yilda o'zining birinchi eskadronini tashkil qilish uchun birinchi Airbus A400M Atlas taktik havo transportini olib keldi. Samolyot Ispaniyaning Sevilya shahrida joylashgan samolyot zavodidan kelgan.
Airbus A400M Buyuk Britaniya tomonidan 2018 yilgacha yetkazib berish uchun buyurtma qilingan 22 ta samolyotning birinchisidir. Samolyotning asosiy oluvchilari Yevropa davlatlari bo‘ladi: Fransiya – 50 birlik, Ispaniya – 27 birlik, Germaniya – 53 dona. va Buyuk Britaniya - 22 birlik.

Airbus A400M Atlas to'rt dvigatelli turbovintli harbiy transport samolyotidir. Dizayn ishlari ishlab chiqarish esa Airbus harbiy bo'linmasi tomonidan amalga oshiriladi.
Samolyot eskirgan Transall C-160 va Lockheed Martin C-130 Hercules o'rniga transport planer sifatida ishlab chiqilgan. Bundan tashqari tashish layner elektron kuzatuv va havoda yonilg'i quyish funktsiyalarini bajarishi mumkin.

Bugungi kunga qadar 174 ta samolyotga buyurtma berilgan va ular 8 ta davlatga yetkazilishi kerak. 2013 yil mart oyida samolyotga Yevropa aviatsiya xavfsizligi agentligi (EASA) tomonidan to'liq sertifikatlangan parvoz xavfsizligi sertifikati berildi. Birinchi samolyot Frantsiya harbiy-havo kuchlariga 2013-yil avgust oyida yetkazilgan. Laynerning umumiy qiymati 152,4 million yevroni tashkil qiladi.

Samolyotda yuk bo'limi mavjud:

  • uzunligi - 17,71 m,
  • kengligi - 4 m,
  • balandligi - 3,85 m,
  • 5,4 m uzunlikdagi rampa.

Taktik vazifalarni bajarish uchun samolyot turli xil jihozlar bilan jihozlangan:

    yuklarni tashish uchun;

    qo'shinlarni tashish va tushirish;

    tanker sifatida;

    yaradorlarni tashish;

    elektron razvedka.

Airbus A400M uglerod tolasi va mustahkamlangan plastik qanotlarga ega. Pervanellar kompozit materialdan tayyorlangan 8 qanotli pervanlardır. Har bir qanotdagi pervanellar teskari yo'nalishda aylanadi, bu juda kam qo'llaniladi.

Samolyot yangi Miras raketa haqida ogohlantiruvchi infraqizil datchik bilan jihozlangan.
Texnik xususiyatlari:

    ekipaj - 3 yoki 4 uchuvchi;

    yuk ko'tarish qobiliyati - 37 tonna, 116 kishi yoki yaradorlar bilan 66 nosilka;

    o'lchamlari: uzunligi -45,1 m, balandligi - 14,7 m;

    qanotlari kengligi - 42,4 m;

    og'irligi (brut) - 76,5 tonna;

    maksimal uchish og'irligi- 141 tonna;

    yonilg'i bakining hajmi - 50,5 tonna;

    elektr stantsiyasi - 4X Europrop TP400-D6, har biri 11 000 ot kuchi;

    kruiz tezligi - 780 km / soat;

    parvoz masofasi - 3298 km;

    parvoz masofasi - 8710 km;

    shiftga ko'tarilish - 11300 m;

    uchish-qo'nish yo'lagi - ko'tarish -980 m, qo'nish 770 m.

Airbus A400M Atlas saloni

fBL UMHYUMPUSH, UFP U RTPZTBNNPK TBTBVPFLY UBNPMEFB b400n BChFPT LFYI UFTPL RP TPDH UCHPEK DESFEMSHOPUFY CHRECHCHE UFPMLOHMUS CH 1986 Z., LPZDB POB EEE OPUIMB OBCHBOYE FIMA, FP EUFSH Future xalqaro harbiy havo kemasi. FP VSCHMP CHTENS, LPZDB ECHTPREKULYK BCHYBRTPN HTSE CHLHUYM RETCHSCHE RMPDSCH LPOFYOEOFBMSHOPK YOFEZTBGYY "TVBU" UFBM CHPURTYOYNBFSHUS LBL EDYOUFCHEOOSCHK RPFEOGYBMSHOSCHK LPOLHTEOF "vPYOZB" B UZHETE NBZYUFTBMSHOSCHI RBUUBTSYTULYI MBKOETPCH, UPCHNEUFOSCHK YUFTEVYFEMSH-VPNVBTDYTPCHEYL "fPTOBDP" DPUFYZ RYLB PRETBFYCHOPK ZPFPCHOPUFY, OBYUBMYUSH TEBMSHOSCHE RTPDBTSY CHETFPMEFPCH "eChTPLPRFETB" , CH BLFICHOKHA ZHBKH RETEYMP UPODBOYE RTPFPFIIRB EDYOPZP ECHTPIUFTEVYFEMS "fBKZHHO". Chus MPZILB Echprekuli RTPGEUPCH Fairies MEF Rappdulbchchbmbmb Bomba Bomba Idea PVMBUFY TBTBVFFLY Updatefoppzp Chepoop-FtbourptFPPSP UBNPMFB, RTYZPDPP DMSUEYUS NBUYEFBOBSP.

dB, YNEOOP VHDHEEZP, FBL LBL H FPZDBYOEN OBUFPSEEN PUPVPK RPFTEVOPUFY H OPCHSCHI chfu ECHTPREKULIE UFTBOSHCHOE YURSCHFSCCHBMY. CHPPTKhTSEOY HAQIDA FBN UPUFPSMY BNETYLBOULYE u-130 Hercules ZTHHPRPDYAENOPUFSHHA 19 F Y ZHTBOLP-ZETNBOULYE 16-FPOOYLY u-160 Transall. yFY NBYOSCH BLTSCHCHBMY RTBLFYUEULY CHUE RPFTEVOPUFY ECHTPREKULYI CHPEOOSHCHI LBL H RMBOOE FTBOURPTFOSHCHI ChPNPTSOPUFEK, FBL Y H RMBOE UHNNBTOPK RTCHPOPUPVFYYPK. l FPNKh CE, VPMSHYOUFCHP YY OII RTEVSCCHBMP CH UETEDYOE UCHPEZP TSYOEOOOPZP GYLMB Y PVMBDBMP BRBUPN TEUKHTUB EEE MEF HAQIDA 15-20.

pn FPK RTYYUYOE TBVPFSCH ZTHRRSCH FIMA, B LPFPTHA CHIPDYMY ZHTBOGHULBS Aerospatiale, VTYFBOULBS Britaniya Aerospace, OENEGLBS Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm ft BNETYLBOULBS Lockheed, YMY YBFLP TH, TH TH CHBMLP BLMAYUBMYUSH, PUOPCHOPN W, W RTEDRTPELFOSCHI YUUMEDPCHBOYSI PVMYLB VHDHEEZP UBNPMEFB. fBLPE RPPTSEOYE OE HUFTBYCHBMP, CH RETCHHA PYUETEDSh, "mPLIYD", LPFPTBS CHYDEMB IPTPYE CHPNPTSOPUFY DMS RTPDBTSY OPCHSCHI CHFU CH UFTBOBI FTEFSHEZEZP NTBELMEZTPB NTBELCHEZHMB NTBEDPPSHOMB YTB YDPYPYYD. h 1989 Z. BNETYLBOGSHCH CHCHYMY Y' RTPELFB, RETEPTYEOFYTPCHBCHYUSH HAQIDA TBTBVPFLKh OPCHPK NPDYZHYLBGYY "ZETLKHMEUB" - NPDEMY u-130J. L UMPCHH ULBBFSH, YN HDBMPUSH UDEMBFSH DPCHPMSHOP HDBYUOKHA NBYOKH, RPMShPCHBCHYHAUS OBYUYFEMSHOSHCHN URTPUPN, CH FPN YUYUME Y CH uFBTPN UCHEFE.

LBL Y PTSYDBMPUSH, HIPD "MPLIYDB" BUFBCHYM ECHTPREKGECH MYYSH RMPFOEE UPNLOHFSH TSDSCH H UCHPEN UFTENMEOYY L VMBZPTPDOPK GEMY - DPVYFSHUS FEIOPMZYUEULPK OEBCFCHY. NEUFP YDEPMPZYUEULY HAQIDA OEUFPKLYY BNETYLBOULYY RBTFOETCH RTYYMY YFBMSHSOULBS JYTNB Alenia Y YURBOULBS CASA, H TEHMSHFBFE YuEZP ZTHRRB EuroFIMA VSMBCHTBBGBTHPOTVB. u FFPZP NPNEOFB RTPELF UFBM RTYPVTEFBFSH OBNOPZP VPMEE LPOLTEFOSCHE PYUETFBOYS, RTYUEN OE FPMSHLP CH FEIOYYUEULPN UNSCHUME, OP Y CH RMBOE PTZBOYBGYURVPOOPCHPCHPZ. PheBbs Ydes blayubmbush b Fpn, Yuftbmb RPufshchBTBBBBBBBBTBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBRBBBBBBBBB BLB PF VPTHDBTUFCH ZPUHYBUYUYTOUSBROS CBUYFShUYUSPZBH ZPUZYOBOUYTOGOS ZPUZYOBOUYTOGOS ZPUYBYOBOYTPCHS. ZPCHPTS RTPEE, RTBCHYFEMSHUFCHBN RTEDMBZBMPUSH LKHRIFSH LPFB CH NEYLE, RTYUEN PRFPN Y PYUEOSH DPTPZPZP.

obdp MY ZPCHPTYFSH, UFP LFB YDES RTPVYCHBMB UEV DPTPZH CH TSYOSH U VPMSHYN FTHDPN? nOPZYE ECHTPREKULYE LURETFOSCHE ZTHRRSCH J DBTSE GEMSCHE RTBCHYFEMSHUFCHB CHSCHTBTSBMY UPNOEOYE B TEBMSHOPUFY UPDBOYS LPOLHTEOFPURPUPVOPZP PVEEECHTPREKULPZP FBLFYYUEULPZP CHPEOOP-FTBOURPTFOPZP UBNPMEFB J H ZHZHELFYCHOPUFY YNEOOP FBLPZP RHFY EZP UPDBOYS - BFTBFOPZP, VEBMSHFETOBFYCHOPZP, FEIOYYUEULY TYULPCHBOOPZP. uFBMY TBDBCHBFSHUS ZPMPUB CH RPMSh RTPCHEDEOYS FEODETB HAQIDA BLKHRLH FBLPZP UBNPMEFB U RTCHMEYUEOYEN HYUBUFOILPCH Yb, B FBLTS TPUUYY Y HLTBYOSCH. b zhTBOGYS Y zhtz U 1997 Z. CHPPVEE PFLBBMYUSH PF ZPUHDBTUFCHEOOPZP ZHIOBOUYTPCHBOYS RTPZTBNNSHCH, UUSCHMBSUSH HAQIDA UPLTBEEOYE VADTSEFB UCHPYI PVHEPTCHIPPONUF. chNEUFE U FEN, POY OE ChPTTBTSBMY RTPFICH UPDBOYS UBNPMEFB b UYUEF UTEDUFCH ZHITN-TBTBVPFYuILPCH, PVEEBS Ch DBMSHOEKYEN CHP'NEUFYFSH YI'BFTBFSHCH.

l LPOGH CHELB CHPUENSH UFTBO obfp - vEMShZYS, chEMYLPVTYFBOYS, yURBOYS, yFBMYS, mALUENVHTZ, zhTBOGYS, J zhtz fHTGYS - OBLPOEG, J Uhnem DPZPCHPTYFSHUS CHSCHTBVPFBFSH PVEYE FBLFYLP-FEIOYYUEULYE FTEVPCHBOYS A RETURELFYCHOPNH CSF, LPFPTSCHE UFBMY YNEOPCHBFSHUS eChTPREKULYNY yFBVOSchNY fTEVPChBOYSNY (eyf). BLHRLH UBNPMEFB, OBIMHYUYN PVTBBPN PFCHEYUBAEZP DBOOPNKh DPLKHNEOPH HAQIDA TSE PYASCHYMY UPCNEUFOSHCHK FEODET SING. h FEODETE, RPNYNP RTPELFB FIMA, RPMHYUYCHYEZP A FPNH NPNEOFH PVPOBYUEOYE FLA - Future katta aviatsiya, RTYOSMY HYUBUFYE DCHE BNETYLBOULYE NBYYOSCH "mPLIYD-nBTFYO" - C-130J J "vPYOZ" U-17, B FBLTSE UPCHNEUFOPE HLTBYOP-TPUUYKULP-ECHTPREKULPE RTEDMPTSEOYE Bo -7i. y 1999 Z. LPOUPTGYKHN Euroflag VSCHM RTEPVTBBPCHBO CH Airbus harbiy kompaniyasi - DPUETOAA LPNRBOYA LPOGETOB EADS, UREGIBMSHOP UZHPTNYTPCHBOOKHA DMS HRTBCHMEOYS RTPELFPN. upPFCHEFUFCHEOOP, UBNPMEF RPMHYUYM ZHITNEOOPE "LTVBUPCHULPE" OBYNEOPCHBOYE b400n.

9 NBS 2000 Z. LPNBodfchoe LPTPMechuli Chech Cheerlpwithyfube, OE DPzidbsush Radzedäuyus YFPZPCH FERODETB, R. Ryipvteufy 130 Bl Llenetstpch B400n, Ufbch Ufbchchchnkyfzhyp. rTBCHDB, RPJCE LFB JBSCHLB HTSBMBUSH DP 25 YFKhL, OP Ch FPF NPNEOF UCHPA TPMSh POB USCHZTBMB: UMEDHS RTYNETH BOZMYUBO, HCE Yuetey NEUSG RTBCHYFEMSHUFCHMGBMt YFMSHUFCHMGBMz YBCHYPTZH. pn FPNH RPCHPDH RTEUU-UMHTSVB LPOGETOB EADS TBURTPUFTBOYMB 9 YAOS BSCHMEOYE, B LPFPTPN ZPCHPTYMPUSH "RPMPTSYF LPOEG BNETYLBOULPK NPOPRPMYY ON TSCHOLE FTBOURPTFOSCHI UBNPMEFPCH b400n PVB RTBCHYFEMSHUFCHB CHSCHVTBMY OBYVPMEE UPCHTENEOOSCHK J ZHZHELFYCHOSCHK UBNPMEF.". H 2000 b Yaman C NYOYUFTSCH PVPTPOSCH HTSE UENY ECHTPREKULYI ZPUHDBTUFCH (vEMShZYY, chEMYLPVTYFBOYY, zETNBOYY, yURBOYY, yFBMYY, J fHTGYY zhTBOGYY) RPDRYUBMY UPCHNEUFOHA DELMBTBGYA, LPFPTBS PZHYGYBMSHOP PRTEDEMYMB b400n EDYOSCHN RETURELFYCHOSCHN CSF YEE CHPPTHTSEOOSCHI Foydalanuvchining profili Foydalanuvchining profili. h DELBVTE UMEDHAEEZP ZPDB "TVBU nYMYFBTY" BLMAYUYMB pVYaEDYOEOOSchN ECHTPREKULYN BZEOFUFCHPN RP BLHRLE CHPPTHTSEOYK J CHPEOOPK FEIOYLY (OCCAR) RTEDCHBTYFEMSHOSCHK LPOFTBLF ON TBTBVPFLH b400n, EZP YURSCHFBOYS, UETYKOPE RTPYCHPDUFCHP J RPUFBCHLH BLBYUYLBN bor. UPCHPLKHROSCHK PVYAEN BLPOFTBLFPCHBOOSCHI UBNPMEFPCH VSCHM PRTEDEMEO CH 196 EDYOYG, B UFPYNPUFSH LPOFTBLFB DPUFYZMB OECHIDBOOPK DPFPME CHEMYUYOSCH20. ECTP. LPF H NEYLE VSCHM RTPDBO VMEUFSEE.

DECHSOPUFSHCHE ZPDSH VSCHMY RETYPDPN YOFEOUYCHOSHI ZEPRPMYFYUEULYI YNEOEOYK, UCHSBOOSHCHI U YUYUEOPCHEOYEN uuut Y TBURBDPN UMPTSYCHYEKUS DEUSFYMEFYDENSCHBOKUS DEUSFYMEFYDENSCHYB. pDOYN DV UMEDUFCHYK FYI RTPGEUUPCH UFBMP TELPE HUYMEOYE TPMY ECHTPREKULYI UFTBO obfp, LPFPTSCHE DV VEUUMPCHEUOSCHI UPAOYLPCH uyb B ZMPVBMSHOPN RTPFYCHPUFPSOYY RTECHTBFYMYUSH B NPEOHA UBNPDPUFBFPYUOHA UYMH, URPUPVOHA ULBBFSH CHEULPE UMPCHP B TEYEOYY CHPRTPUPCH RMBOEFBTOPZP NBUYFBVB. uftbosch obfp RTYOSMY HYBUFYE CH CHPPTHTSEOOSCHI LPOZHMYLFBI HAQIDA vBMLBOBI UETEDYOSCH Y LPOGB 1990-I ZZ., CH 2001 Z. CHNEUFE U BNETYLBOGBNY CHFPTCHZBOYZYZ - BNETYLBOGBNY CHFPTCHZMZYZP.

OP LLB FPMSLP RTYUFKHRYMP Ltspkomps, Odenmeoop Chsksuufushpushn, Odenmeoop Cupsuoympush, UFP ChPRMPEBFS Fans Chpatpoye BNVIGHY H Tsyshosh, PupveOop DPUFBFOP HDBMEOBPPF haqida, Odenmeoop HDBMEOBPPF. ZMBCHOBS FTHDOPUFSH RTY LFPN - PFUHFUFCHYE CHPNTSOPUFY PRETBFYCHOPK DPUFBCHLY L NEUFH UPVSCHFIK DPUFBFPYUOPZP LPMYUUEUFCHB CHPKUL, UTEDUFCHISSHOUFCHB CHPKUL, UTEDUFCHISSHOPTYFEYSEPETIB. h UPCTENEOOPN NYTE RPD PRETBFICHOPK DPUFBCHLPK PDOPBUOP RPOYNBEFUS RETEVTPULB CHUEZP OEVPVIPDYNPZP UBNPMEFBNY. b FHF PLBBMPUSH, UFP OBMYUOSCHK RBTL ECHTPREKULYI chfu RPRTPUFKh OE NPTSEF URTBCHYFSHUS U RETECHPLPK FTEVKHENPZP LPMYUEUFCHB ZTHHCHB.

nBMP FPZP - CHSCHSUOYMPUSH, UFP RTPVMENB OE FPMSHLP CH NBMPN LPMYUEUFCHE ZTKH'PCHSCHI UBNPMEFPCH, OP Y CH YI OEDPUFBFPYUOSCHI FTBOURPTFOSCHI CHPNSOPUFSI. DEMP CH FPN, UFP ЪB RPUMEDOEE CHTENS RPSCHYMYUSH OPCHSCHE ZTKHSHCH, LPFPTSHCHE, UPVUFCHEOOP, Y RTYJCHBOSH PVEUREYUYFSH BCHFPOPNOPUFSH JHOLGIPOYTPCHBOYUTEPZPB.

LFP NPEOSKE IOCEETSEET NBYSHOP, CBBTLY BTBTL, Fine Chtfpmemfshche, VPDP RPLPmeoom NBUPUK 20-30 yd DBTE, ILMAYUBNEY Yi Retoshplch Zetlchmeuee MIVP "FTboupm" haqida.

fBL Y RPMKHYUMPUSH, UFP eyf UFBMY RTEDPMBZBFSH UPODBOYE UBNPMEFB ZPTBDP VPMSHYEK TBNETOPUFY, YUEN RTYCHSHCHUOBS TBNETOPUFSH FBLFYUEULPZP chfu. RP ZTKH'PRPDYAENOPUFY - DP 37 F (F.E. RPYUFY CH 2 TBB VPMSHYE "ZETLKHMEUB"), RP DBMSHOPUFY RPMEFB U ZTH'PN 20 F - 6390 LN (F.E. CH VVPRPDYAENOPUFY), HRP3.BBYP (F.E. CH VVPRPDYAENOPUFY), HRP3.BBHP (F.E. CH ZPV3.BVHP 1.7.YYHPK). Chueh FP DPMTSOP VSCHMP PVEUREYUYFSH OPCHPNH UBNPMEFH URPUPVOPUFSH RETEVTBUSCHCHBFSH RPYUFY Chua OPNEOLMBFHTH FTEVHENSCHI ZTHPCH ON HDBMEOOSCHE PSD, CHSCHRPMOSS FBLYN PVTBPN ZHHOLGYY OE UFPMSHLP FBLFYYUEULPZP, ULPMSHLP PRETBFYCHOP-UFTBFEZYYUEULPZP FTBOURPTFOPZP UTEDUFCHB.

UEZPDOS HCE PYUECHIDOP, YUFP HCHEMYYUEOYE TBNETOPUFY FBLFYUEULYI chfu OE SCHMSEFUS YULMAYUYFEMSHOP ECHTPREKULYN YJPVTEFEOYEN. obRTPFYCH - EUFSH CHUE PUOPCHBOIS UYUYFBFSH LFH FEODEOGYA PVEENYTPCHPK. fBL, CH sRPOYY OPCHEKYK Kawasaki u-2 ZTH'PRPDYAENOPUFSHHA 30 F IDEF HAQIDA UNEOCH 8-FPOOPNKh u-1. b × Q tPUUYY hLTBYOE (VHDEN OBDESFSHUS) bo-70 URPUPVOSCHK RPDOSFSH rty PZTBOYYUEOYY RETEZTHLY DP 47 F, CHPSHNEF ON UEVS BDBYUY, TBOEE TEYBENSCHE Y RPNPESHA BO-12 F. At ZTHPRPDSHENOPUFSHA 20 oEUNPFTS ON HCHEMYYUEOYE ZTHPRPDYAENOPUFY TSE FEI RPIIGYSI OF FY NBYYOSCH PUFBAFUS CH UFTHLFHTE CHPPTHTSEOOSCHI UYM, UFP Y YI RTEDYUFCHEOOOYLY.

dB, PV BO-70! CHUE OBAF, UFP FFPF HLTBYOP-TPUUYKULYK UBNPMEF USCZTBM CH UHDSHVE b400n CHBTSOHA TPMSH, OP OE CHUE RTEDUFBCHMSAF UEVE LFH TPMSh RDYOBLPCHP, Y HTs OTTEFFENCHOPSECHOPCHUBEB. b DEMP VSHMP FBL.

h 1997 Z. RPUME BOBMYB CHUEK DPUFHROPK YOZHPTNBGYY RP RTPZTBNNE FLA Y FTEVPCHBOYSN eyf zeoTBMSHOSHCHK LPOUFTHLFPT r.ch. VBBBBhech RThyem L CHHCHPDX, YUFP RP TBNETOPUFY YU PUPPELF FLA FLA PUBDBYUBN LA BO-70, LPFTSCH CH FP Khnets Huruyop MEFM, OP RETTSYCHBM RTPVTUNYFPLBBSPECHBEBUTCHBEYBOUTCHY SHIYOBOUT. REFT CHBUYMSHECHYU RTEMPTSYM UPDBCHBFSH FLA HAQIDA VBE BO-70 FP RPCHPMYMP VSC ECHTPREKGBN UDEMBFSH UCHPK UBNPMEF RTY OBYUYFEMSHOP NEOSHYI BPFTBFBI Y FEIOYYUEULPN TYULE, B OBN - HAQIDA BTVBVPFBOOSCHE DEOSHZY ULPTEEDPBO7- HAQIDA.

uFH IDEA r.ch. vBMBVKHECH PJCHKHYUYM CH IPDE RBTYTSULPZP BCHYBUBMPOB 1997 Z., BTBYCH EA OE FPMSHLP NOPZYI ECHTPREKGECH, OP Y TPUUYSO. pUPVEOOP BLFYCHOP RPDDETSBM EE NBTYBM e.y. yBRPYOYLPCH, TBVPFBCHYK FPZDB UPCHEFOILPN vPTYUB emshgyob RP BCHYBGYY. BCHETFEMBUSH TBVPFB, CH LPFPTHA RPUFEREOOP CHFSOKHMYUSH RTPNSCHYMEOOOYLY, DYRMPNBFSCH Y CHPEOOSH OEULPMSHLYI UFTBO. DEMP RTPDCHYZBMPUSH OBUFPMSHLP VSHCHUFTP, UFP HCE HAQIDA PVTBFOPN RHFY YJ RBTYTSB CH LECH BO-70 UCHETYM RTPNETSHFPYUOKHA RPBDLH HAQIDA PDOK Y' BCHYBVSCHUFZP.ZZBYBVSCHUFZPZZP.

rTEDMPTsEOYE UFTPYFSH PVEYK UBNPMEF UFTBOBNY BRBDB J chPUFPLB, LBL STLPE RTBLFYYUEULPE CHPRMPEEOYE PVEYI UMPCH P TBUYYTEOYY RTPGEUUPCH ECHTPYOFEZTBGYY ON UFTBOSCH VSCHCHYEZP uuut, UBNPN CHSCHUPLPN RPMYFYYUEULPN HTPCHOE OF RPMHYUYMP RPDDETTSLH TH. pZHYGYBMSHOP POP VSCHMP Y'MPTSEOP CH UPCNEUFOPN RYUSHNE RTEYDEOPPHCH tPUUYY Y HLTBYOSCH v. EMSHGYOB Y m.LHYUNCH LBOGMETH JTZ z. LPMA Y rTEIDEOFH JTBOGYY c. yytblh. RYUSHNP VSHCHMP RTYOSFP VMBZPULMPOOP, Y CH LPOGE 1997 Z. OBYUBMYUSH LPOUKHMSHFBGYY P CHPNPTSOPUFY UPDBOYS UBNPMEFB BO-7i, PFTCHEYUBAEZPTSNCHEVPCHBOYY, CHUENPMEFB. h nPULCHE, LECHE Y vPOOE UPUFPSMYUSH CHUFTEYU NETSCHEDPNUFCHEOOOPK TPUUYKULP-HLTBIOULPK ZTHRRSHCH RP BO-70 Y NETSRTBCHYFEMSHUFCHEOOPZP LPNYFEFB RP FLA. at TPUUYKULPK UFPTPOSCH RETEZPCHPTTBNY THLPCHPDYM e.y. yBRPYOYLPC, U HLTBIOULPK - NYOYUFT RTPNRPMYFYLY ch.o. ZHTEEC. pDOIN YY YFPZCH LFYI CHUFTEIU UFBMP TEYOYE P RTEDUFBCHMEOYY RTPELFB BO-7i OB FEODET, PYASCHMEOOOSCHK CHPUENSHA ECHTPREKULYNY UFTTBOBNY.

LCA ZHPTNYTPCHBOYS FEODETOPZP RTEDMPTSEOYS VSCHMB UPDBOB TBVPYUBS ZTHRRB (RP 40 YUEMPCHEL PF chPUFPLB J BRBDB) LPFPTBS, men PDOPK UFPTPOSCH, BOYNBMBUSH PRTEDEMEOYEN CHPNPTSOPZP FEIOYYUEULPZP PVMYLB BO-7 va, B, I DTHZPK - TBTBVBFSCHCHBMB LPOPNYYUEULHA NPDEMSH

UPFTHDOYYUEFCHB Y ZHPTNYTPCHBMB CHPUFPYUOP-'BRBDOP-ECHTPREKULYK LPOUPTGYHN Havo yuk mashinasi DMS TEBMY'BGYY RTPELFB. lLURETFSC U PVEYI UFPTPO RTPDEMMBMY PZTPNOHA TBVPPHH HAQIDA NOPZPYUYUMEOOSCHI RTEDRTYSFYSI hLTBYOSCH, tPUUYY, yURBOYY, zhTBOGYY Y JTZ. rTY FPN VSCHM TEYEO RTYOGYRYBMSHOSCHK CHPRTPU P CHPNPTSOPUFY UPDBOYS OF VBE BO-70 UBNPMEFB, B RPMOPK HETE HDPCHMEFCHPTSAEEZP eyf, B RP OELPFPTSSBCHNYPYPYP. YOFETEUOP, YuFP Ch IPDE CHUK LFPK TBVPFSCH UBN BO-70 RTPDPMTSBM PUFBCHBFSHUS UELTEFOSHCHN UBNPMEFPN, LMAYUECHBS YOZHPTNBGYS RP LPFPTPNH OE TBUSBULH. FP EUFSH, LPOEYUOP, RTY TBUUNNPFTEOY FEI YMY YOSCHI RHOLFPC eyf RTYIPDYMPUSH PFCHEYUBFSH HAQIDA CHPRTPU, UNPTSEF UBNPMEF HAQIDA VBE BO-70 CHSCHRPMOYFTEOYFSHPY OUT. PDOBLP URPUPVSH DPUFYTSEOIS LPOLTEFOSHCHI IBTBLFETYUFYL OE TBULTSCCHBMYUSH, NEFPDILY TBUYUEFPCH OE RPLBBSCHCHBMYUSH, DEFBMY LPOUFTHLGYY OE PVUFTHLGYY OE PVUHTsDGEBMYPLUSHNE.

RP TEEKHMSHFBFBN LFPK TBVPFSCH CH SOCHBTE 1999 Z. RTBCHYFEMSHUFCHBN zhtz, zhTBOGYY, yURBOY Y yFBMYY VSCHMY OBRTBCHMEOSCH FEODETOSCHEFISO RTEDMTPSEFISK7- bo. RPYuFY RPMFPTTB ZPDB SOY, B FBLTS DTKHZYE LPOLKHTYTPCHBCHYE NETSDH UPVPK RTEDMPTSEOIS OBIPDYMYUSH HAQIDA TBUUNNPFTEOYY, RPLB RPVEYFEMEN OE VSCHMEYY b40. FPDDB NOPPP UPTYMY P RTYUYUBSP, FPSP "VKNBCPP", FP EUFSH EEE OE UHEUFCHBCHEZP UBNPMEFB U VPMSHYN FAYYUYUSHEN TYULPN OBD HTSE RPLBCHYNA Ommaviy Chipptsopufi Knethltnyob Yee-. UEZPDOS Y CHUIEI BTZHNEOPPHCH H RPMShZH b400n RTEDUFBCHMSEFUS CHBTSOSCHN MYYSH PYO: ECHTPRECULYE RTBCHYFEMSHUFCHB IPFEMY PFDBFSH UCHPY DEOSHZY UCHPOSCHOBYNBM-ZYHNEOPHYNB. Chueh DTHZYE RTYYUYOSCH, LBL B UMHYUBE Bo-7: OETYFNYYUOBS TBVPFB HLTBYOULPK RTPNSCHYMEOOPUFY, RPCHEDEOYE tPUUYY LBL ZMPVBMSHOPZP PRRPOEOFB obfp, FPFBMSHOBS LPTTHRGYS B UTEDE YUYOPCHOYLPCH OBYYI UFTBO - Chueh Sing OPUYMY CHFPTPUFEREOOSCHK IBTBLFET.

h YFPZ, BB RSFS DEC DP OBUBMBM VETMYLAPZP BCHYBUBMB 2000 Z., LPFPTPZP NOPZYE TSDBMY LLB FTYKHNZHBBEBMSP UPFKHDYUYUFCHB NEFTHDKHKDPNSHB NEFTHDKHKDPNSHPLFCHB NEFTHDKHKDPNSHBZEFDKHKDPNSHBOZZEFDKHKDPNSHPLFBZEFDKHKDPNSHPLFBZEFDKHKDPNSHPLfbp. OK. bFPOCHB d.s. lYChB DPCHEM DP UENYNYMMYPOOPK BHDYFPTYY FEMELPNRBOYY "oENEGLBS KPMOB" OPCHHA RPYGYA TPUUYKULP-HLTBYOULPK UFPTPOSCH: ".. oBYE UPFTHDOYYUEUFCHP BLPOYUYMPUSH NShch RETEUFBEN VSCHFSH RBTFOETBNY J UFBOPCHYNUS LPOLHTEOFBNY eChTPRB VPMSHYE RPFETSMB, Yuen CHSCHYZTBMB".

UFP RPFETSMB ECHTPRB - RPOSFOP. FP PZTPNOSCHE UTEDUFCHB (RP TBOBOSCHN PGEOLBN, PF 5 DP 8 NMTD. ECTP), SBFTBYOOOSCHE HAQIDA RPCHFPTOHA TBTBVPFLH CHUEZP FPZP, YuFP HTS VSCHMP UPDBOP YURSHCHFBOP YURSHCHFBOP. b CHPF UFP POB CHSCHYZTBMB PF Y'HYUEOYS RTEDMPTSEOIS BO-7i? rPTsBMHK, UREGYBMYUFSCH "TVBU nYMYFBTY" J CHPEOOSCHE eChTPRSch HVEDYMYUSH B TEBMSHOPUFY DPUFYTSEOYS GEMPZP TSDB CHBTSOEKYYI HTPCHOECHSCHI IBTBLFETYUFYL RETURELFYCHOPZP CSF TH CHOEUMY UPPFCHEFUFCHHAEYE HFPYUOEOYS B FEIOYYUEULPE BDBOYE ON UCHPK UBNPMEF. UBNPN DEME LFP PYUEOSH CHBTsOP HAQIDA. pDOBLP Y DMS BO-70 OERTPDPMTSYFEMSHOPE HCHMEYUEOYE ECHTPRK PLBBMPUSH CHEUSHNB RPMEOSCHN. NPZYE NPNofshch haqida, PVEKS LPNPPCLPK UBNPMFB th ezp VPTFFCPP PVPTHDPCHBS, MPZILPK TBVPFFCH VPTFFCHSKI Uyufen, Ptzbobgyk Faipvumchtsychus y FD-FD-PCHPCHphphphphphpf-da janjal. NOPZYE YOFETEUOSCHE YDEY, CHCHTBVPFBOOSCH CH IPDE TBVPFSCH OBD BO-7i, MYVP HCE TEBMY'PCHBOSH "UENYDEUSFL HAQIDA", MYVP VHDHF PUHEEUFCHMEOSCH H RTPGEUUEEPGMEFDUBESEBEKTEB.

h 2001 Z., RPVEDOPK HAQIDA ChPMOE FPMSHLP UFP CHSHCHYZTBOOPZP FEODETTB, "TVBU NYMYFBTY" RTYUFKHRYMB L RPMOPNBUYFBVOPK TBVPFLE b400n. pDOBLP CHULPTE H TBVPFE CHPOYLMY NOPZPYUYUMEOOSCHE RTPVMENSCH FEIOYUUEULPZP Y PTZBOYBGYPOOPZP IBTBLFETB, UCHSBOOSHCH, CH PUOPCHOPN, U OEPUFBFLEKCHGEPN X ECHTUPCHOPPYP. RPYMY RETCHSHCHE TBZPCHPTSHCH P CHP-NPTSOPN RETEOPUE UTPLPCH YURSHCHFBOIK NBYYOSCH Y RPUFBCHPL HER H ChPKULB. bB FYN RPUMEDPCHBMP UPLTBEEOYE TSDPN UFTBO TBNEEEOOOSCHI TBOEE BLBBPCH. pn YFPZBN RPDRYUBOYS 24 NBS 2003 Z. PLPOYUBFEMSHOPZP LPOFTBLFB NETSDH "TVBU nYMYFBTY" J OCCAR LPMYYUEUFCHP RTYPVTEFBENSCHI UOYYMPUSH DP LTYFYYUEULPK PFNEFLY b400n - 180 EDYOYG, DP FP EUFSH NYOYNBMSHOPZP LPMYYUEUFCHB, rty LPFPTPN TBTBVPFLH NPTSOP VSCHMP UYUYFBFSH GEMEUPPVTBOPK. GEOB PDOPZP LLEENRMSTTB ​​b400n FPZDB DPUFYZMB 127 NYMMYPOCH ECTP, UFP VSCHMP RTYNETOP CHDCHPE VPMSHIE UFPYNPUFY bo-7i. yYUYUMB UFTBO-BLBYULPCH CHSHYMB YFBMYS, OP CHETOKHMUS MALUENVKhTZ. X

uPZMBUOP, LPOFTBLFH, VPMSHYE CHUEI UBNPMEFPCH DPMTSOB VSCHMB RPMHYUYFSH zETNBOYS - 60 YFHL, B OEK EME- DPCHBMB zhTBOGYS ^ - 50 ^ BFEN yURBOYS- 27 chEMYLPVTYFBOYS - 25 fHTGYS - 10 ft vEMShZYS - 7, EDYOUFCHEOOHA NBYYOH mALUENVHTZB RTEDRPMBZBMPUSH LURMHBFYTPCHBFSH H UPUFBCHE chchu VEMSHZYY. h UPPFCHEFUFCHYY U PVYAENBNY BLBPCH NETSDH UFTBOBNY-HYUBUFOILBNY RTPZTBNNSC TBURTEDEMSMBUSH Y TBVPFB RP RPUFTPKLE UETYKOSHCHI UBNPMEFPCH. fBL, zhtz DPUFBMPUSH Y'ZPPFCHMEOYE UTEDOEK Y ICHPUFPPK YUBUFEK ZHAEMSCB, B FBLTS CHETFYLBMSHOPZP PRETEOYS. zhTBOGYS "PFICHBFYMB" ZTKH'PCHHA TBNRKH Y OPUPCHHA YUBUFSH ZHAEMSTSB, VPMSHYPK PVYaEN VPTFPPCHPZP PVPTKHDPCHBOIS.

pFCHEFUFCHEOOPUFSH 'B LTSCHMP CHSMB HAQIDA UEVS CHEMYLPVTYFBOYS, NEOEE LTHROSCHE BZTEZBFSH RPDEMMY NETSDH UPVPK PUFBMSHOSHCHE HYUBUFOILY. L PLPOYUBFEMSHOPK UVTLE b400n UFBMY ZPFPCHYFSH YBCHPD CH YURBOULPK UECHYMSHE.

RPNYNP RETEYUYUMEOOSCHI, "TVBU NYMYFBTY" TBUUYUYFSHCHCHBMB RPMHYUYFSH BLBBSCH EEE LBL NYOYNHN TAXMON 200 UBNPMEFPCH PF DTHZYI UFTBO. y FFPF RTPZOP RPYUFY OBYUBM UVCHCHBFSHUS: CH RPUMEDHAEYE ZPDSH "LMHV b400n" RPRPMOYMY abt, yuymy Y nBMBKYS, RTBCHDB, ATsOPBZHTYLBOGSCHKGSCH YUYTCHYMY. h YFPZE OB NPNEOF OBRYUBOYS UFBFSHY, FP EUFSH YUETEE 10 MEF RPUME OBYUBMB CHUENYTOPK NBTLEFYOZPCHPK LBNRBOYY b400n, RPTFZHEMSH BLBBPCH OBRYUBOYS UFBFSHY, FP EUFSH YUETEE 10 MEF RPUME OBYUBMB

UPZMBUOP HRPNSOHFPNH LPOFTBLPHH, RETCHSHCHE YURSCHFBFEMSHOSHCHE RPMEFSCH b400n DPMTSOSCH VSCHMY UPUFPSFSHUS CH ZHECHTBME 2007 Z., B RPUFBCHLB RETCHSCHI NB02.Sv.B.Z. pDOBLP CHUE UTPLY PLBBMYUSH UPTCHBOOSCHNY. fBL, RETCHPE YURSHCHFBOYE DCHYZBFEMS TP-400D-6 OB MEFBAEK MBVPTBFPTYY u-130 UPUFPSMPUSH FPMSHLP 18 DERBVTS 2008 Z. - OB 22 NEUSGB RPCE BRMBOYTBFCHBOY. LTPNE FPZP, YURSCHFSCHCHBENSCHK DCHYZBFEMSH PLBBMUS DBMELYN PF UETYKOPC LPOZHJZKHTBGYY RP RTYUOYOE GEMPK UETYY PYVPL RTY EZP UPDBOYY, DPRHEOOTOSCHYpzvy (DPRHEOOTOSCHYpro LPOUPZHp xalqaro). CHRTPYUEN, PF LFPZP UPDBOOPZP YULMAYUYFEMSHOP RP RPMYFYYUEULYN UPPVTBTSEOISN PVYAEDOOEOYS FTHDOP PTSYDBFSH IPTPYYI TEEKHMSHFBFPCH - CHEDSH EFTZFBFPCH - CHEDSH EPTBFCHP UF-4P.

LUFBFY, U DCHYZBFEMSNY UCHSBOB PDOB UCHETIEOOOP HOYLBMSHOBS PUPVEOOPUFSH b400n - EZP RTPREMMETSHCH HAQIDA DCHYZBFEMSI LBTsDPZP RPMKHLTSCHMB CHTBEBAFUS CH TBOSCHEF U! UFPMSH OEPTDYOBTOSCHK YBZ, TELP RPCHSCHYBAEYK UFPYNPUFSH YZPFPCHMEOYS J LURMHBFBGYY UYMPCHPK HUFBOPCHLY, LPOUFTHLFPTSCH CHSCHOHTSDEOSCH VSCHMY RPKFY HTSE ON BCHETYBAEEK UFBDYY UPDBOYS UBNPMEFB TBDY LPNREOUBGYY PZTPNOPZP TEBLFYCHOPZP NPNEOFB, CHPOYLBAEEZP B TEHMSHFBFE CHTBEEOYS FSTSEMSCHI CHPUSHNYMPRBUFOSCHI CHYOFPCH VPMSHYPZP DYBNEFTB to'g'risida.

UYMPCHBS HUFBOPCHLB b400n PLBBMBUSH RTPVMENOPC OE FPMSHLP UBNB RP UEVE, OP Y UFBMB YUFPYuOILPN NOPZPYUYUMEOOSCHI RTPVMEN RMBOETB Y UYUFEN UBNPMEFB. LBL RYYHF 'BRBDOSHE YUFPYUOYLY, RPCHSHCHIEOOOSCHE CHYVTBGYY, LPFPTSHCHE UPDBAF PZTPNOSHCHE RTPREMMETSHCH DYBNEFTPN 5,33 N, CHSHCHOHDYMY LPOUFTCHFHLFYTPYYYYB. tPUF NBUUSCH RP FPK J DTHZYN RTYYUYOBN PLBBMUS UFPMSH VPMSHYYN (ZHBLFYYUEULBS NBUUB RHUFPZP UOBTSTSEOOPZP UBNPMEFB LZ 76359, 63916 IPMF DPMTSOB VSCHFSH LZ) YUFP RTPZOPYTHENBS ZTHPRPDYAENOPUFSH UBNPMEFB UOYYMBUSH Y BZHYLUYTPCHBOOSCHI LPOFTBLFE H 37 F DP 25-27 F. chChYDH FPZP CHEUOPK 2009 C RPUFTPKLH ZHAEMSCEK 4 PRSHCHFOSHHI PVTBIGPCH b400n RTYYMPUSH RTYPUFBOPCHYFSH, CHEDSH FBLPE HNEOSHYOYE RPMEEKOPK OZTH'LY CHEDEF L FPNKh, UFP UBNPMEF OE UNPTSEF CHP'FSH ZTHUYSHBA. pUPVEOOP LTYFYUOP, UFP Y' RETEYUOS DPRHUFYNSCHI ZTKHJPCH, ULPTEE CHUEZP, RTYDEFUS YULMAYUYFSH OENEGLHA vnr "rHNB", ZHTBOGHULHA VPECHA NBYYOH VBCIHACHYOBIYOB G. RTBLFYLE FP OBYUYF, YUFP UFTBOSCH-BLBYUYLY b400n DBTSE RPUME RPUFHRMEOYS FYI UBNPMEFPCH B CHPKULB Chueh TBCHOP VHDHF CHSCHOHTSDEOSCH BTEODPCHBFSH "tHUMBOSch" U-17 fl, PFYUEZP ECHTPREKGSCH FBL IPFEMY HKFY, TBCHPTBYUYCHBS RTPZTBNNH UPVUFCHEOOPZP bo'sh to'g'risida.

uEZPDOS, HTSE CHSCHRPMOSEF YURSCHFBFEMSHOSCHE RPMEFSCH b400n LPZDB, UPCHETYEOOP PYUECHYDOP, YUFP CHSCHVTBOOBS LPNRPOPCHLB UYMPCHPK HUFBOPCHLY CHEDEF OE FPMSHLP A RPCHSCHYEOOSCHN CHYVTBGYPOOSCHN OBZTHLBN ZHAEMSTS ON, achigan J A RPFETE YUBUFY RPDYAENOPK UYMSCH LTSCHMB ON CHMEFOP-RPUBDPYUOSCHI TETSYNBI, LPFPTBS RPFEOGYBMSHOP NPZMB R ™ £ VSCHFSH OBYUYFEMSHOP VPMSHYE. UCHSBOP LFP DPUBDOPE PVUFPSFEMSHUFCHP U FEN, UFP IPFS UFTHY PF CHYOFPCH b400n PNEFBAF RTYNETOP FBLHA CE DPMA RMPEBDY LTSCHMB, YUFP Y OB BO-70, OP LTHKYNETSF. hVEDYFSHUS CH FFPN NPTCEF LBTsDSHKK, LFP LMENEOFBTOP TBDEMYF CHMEFOKHA NPEOPUFSH DCHYZBFEMS OB RMPEBDSH RPRETEYUOPZP UEYUEOYS UFTHY, RTBLFYUEFTYULY - UBDShPOSHNEMPZB HAQIDA. Uppüchfufucheopop, Pflmpoeoye Pumbvmeeux UFTKHK Choi va RPNPESHEEOPHEEO-Klabtshchshchamlpch DBef nehosk RTTTPUN RPPDyaenopk uymshchiy, Yuen NPCOP Lushmp VSUDBFSH RTY NWWEk UBBfenLvphems "Chufflenvpphems-"

uIPTsYE RTYOBLY OELPFPTPK "OEDPDEMBOOPUFY" OBVMADBAFUS PE Chueca BTPDYOBNYYUEULPK LPNRPOPCHLE b400n, OBRTYNET, rty CHZMSDE ON PVFELBFEMY YBUUY, UTBVPFBOOSCHE B FPRPTOPN UFYME 1950 ZPDPCH VA, ON YEE TBUFPRSCHTEOOSCHE UFCHPTLY rty CHSCHRHEEOOSCHI PRPTBI, ON OELPFPTSCHE SCHMEOYS NEUFOPK BTPDYOBNYLY. UBNPMEF U FBLYNY ZHPTNBNY SCHO OE H UPUFPSOYY DPUFYUSH FPZP BYTPDYOBNYUEULPZP LBYUEUFCHB, LPFPTPE CHRPMOE NPCEF PVEUREYUYFSH UPCTENEOOOBS FEUREYUYFSH UPCTENEOOOOBS FEUFCHEPMFEMSOBS OBHLHEEPMFEMSUB. yFP OEIVETSOP CHEDEF L RETETBUIPDH FPRMMYCHB Y, CH LPOEYUOPN YFPZE, PRSFSH TSE L UOYTSEOIA RPMEKOOPK OBZTKHLY. h GEMPN FEIOYYUEULPN RMBOE b400n RTEDUFBCHMSEF UPVPK DPCHPMSHOP RTPFYCHPTEYUYCHPE UPYUEFBOYE TSDB CHBTSOSCHI LPOUFTHLFYCHOP-LPNRPOPCHPYUOSCHI TEYEOYK, ULBTSEN FBL, CHYUETBYOEZP DOS UBNSCHN UPCHTENEOOSCHN VPTFPCHSCHN PVPTHDPCHBOYEN J CHEUSHNB UPCHETYEOOSCHNY FEIOPMPZYSNY YZPFPCHMEOYS RMBOETB bor.

CHEUSH RTPYMSCHK ZPD TBUUHTSDEOYS P UOYTSEOYY ZTH'PRPDYAENOPUFY b400n OE UIPDYMY UP UFTBOYG BCHYBGIPOOPK RTEUUSCH. IPFS "OTVBBU NYMYFBTY" OI TBKH PZHIGBMSHOP OE RTYYABBBM ULEUEUFCHPHBEYA LFP RTPVLENKH, OBTVDH UKBBDKHLPK Tabmigggy RTPZTBNNCH GEMPN OI TBZPCHPTSCH RTPZTBNNCH GEMPN OI TBZPCHPTSCH PLBFFmpFECH PLBFFinFMSchprepukul. THVETS HAQIDA 2008-09 ZZ. YBUFSH BLBYUYLPCH UBNPMEFB CHSHCHTBYMY OBNETEOIE RPLYOHFSH RTPZTBNNH. FEN VPMEE, UFP UZMBUOP HUMPCHYSN LPOFTBLFB, MAVBS Y U UFTBO-HYBUFOYG YNEEF RTBCHP CHCHKFY Y RTPELFB CH UMHYUBE, EUMY RETCHSHCHK RPMEF b400n PLBCEPMOSCHENG, BDETTSBOOSCH4

LFB DBFB OBUFKhRYMB 1 BRTEMS 2009 Z., RTYOEUS U UPVPK OEENBMP CHPMOEOYK. xCE U NBTFB NYOYUFTSHCH PVPTPOSCH UFTBO-HYUBUFOIG RTCHPDYMY BLFICHOSCHE LPOUKHMSHFBGYY LBL NETSDH UPVPK, FBL Y U THLPCHPDUFCHPN EADS. h IPDE OBRTSEOOSCHI RETEZPCHPTCH LPOUFBFYTPCHBMPUSH, YUFP YB-B VPMSHYYI FEIOYYUEULYI Y ZHJOBUPCHSCHI RTPVMEN RTPELF ZHBLFYUEULY OBIPDYFUS RPD HZCHTPYPK UTSCHTPBK. th CHUE TS NYOYUFTSC PVPTPOSCH UENY UFTBO-HYUBUFOYG DPZPCHPTYMYUSH OE RTEDRTYOYNBFSH OILBLYI YBZPCH RP CHSCHIPPDKh Y RTPZTBNNSCH CH FEYUEOYE 3GEVMESCHIY. h uchpa pyuitedsh, redfbchyfemy rpdzpfchyfsh opchschk, rededbfychhyfsh rpdzhilhth klpplpch rpufbchlh rpufbchlh rpufbchlx 2013-14 pl.

pDOBLP LPNRTPNYUU, DPUFYZOHFSCHK B TEHMSHFBFE OBRTSTSEOOPK TBVPFSCH, FHF CE RPDCHETZUS LTYFYLE PF UFPTPOSCH TSDB LMAYUECHSCHI BLBYUYLPCH b400n, FBL LBL RPCHMEL B UPVPK OEPVIPDYNPUFSH RETEUNPFTB YEE DEFBMSHOP RTPTBVPFBOOSCHI J HFCHETTSDEOOSCHI ON CHUEI HTPCHOSI RMBOPCH CHPEOOPZP UFTPYFEMSHUFCHB. h YUBUFOPUFY, hchu zhtz DP LPOGB 2010 yil LBL NYOYNKHN, DP LPOGB 2017 Z. OENGSCH CHSCHOKHTSDEOSCH PUFBCHYFSH CH LURMHBFBGYY 84 UBNPMEFB u-160. rTYOYNBS PE CHOYNBOYE, YUFP TENPOFSCH Q pn FYI 50 MEFOYI CHEFETBOPCH UFBMY OEDPRHUFYNP YUBUFSCHNY J DPTPZYNY, LURETFSCH RTEDULBSCHCHBAF CHREYUBFMSAEYK RETETBUIPD UTEDUFCH CHPEOOPZP VADTSEFB, B FBLTSE OEPVIPDYNPUFSH RTPMPOZYTPCHBFSH DP 2021 C YURPMSHPCHBOYE HLTBYOP TPUUYKULYI-Bo B-124 TBNLBI RTPZTBNNSCH Salis. eee PDOIN CHBTSOSCHN RPUMEDUFCHYEN RTYOSFPZP TEYOYS UFBMB PFUTPYULB UPDBOYS ECHTPREKULPZP FTBOURPTTFOPZP LPNBODPCHBOYS, VBCHPK NBYOPK LPFPTPZP DPMMF0BSH4 DPMMF0BSHn. Chuy FP, PRSFSH Ze, L CHEDEF DBMSHOEKYENH HUYMEOYA BCHYUYNPUFY ECHTPREKULYI UFTBO H UZHETE CHPDHYOSCHI FTBOURPTFOSCHI RETECHPPL PF uyb (Q, W OELPFPTPK UFEREOY, PD-TPUUYKULP HLTBYOULPZP BMSHSOUB) LPFPTSCHE TBURPMBZBAF YVSCHFPYUOSCHNY RTPCHPOSCHNY NPEOPUFSNY.

chPNPTSOSCHE RHFY ChSHCHIPDB YD DBOOPZP LTYYUB BLFICHOP PVUHTSDBMYUSH ECHTPREKULYN UPPVEEUFCHPN. RTY YFPN URTBCHEDMYCHP HLBSHCHCHBMPUSH, YUFP CHSHKKFY UPCHUEN VE RPFETSH HCE OE RPMHYUYFUS, Y ChPRTPU UPUFPIF Ch FPN, YUEN YNEOOP UMEDHEF RPTSETSHFCCHPCHBFF. obrtynet, h LBYUEUFCHE OBYVPMEE TEBMShOPZP TEYOYS RTEDMBZBMPUSH VBVSHCHFSH P RBOECHTPREKULPN RBFTYPFYNE Y BLHRIFSH MYVP BTEODPCHBFSH X uyb OEPVIPDYNPE LPMYUE Y17, Y17-, YPMYU1, u. LBL PFNEYUBMY LURETFSCH RP PVPYN VETEZBN bFMBOFYLY, FP VSCHMP R ™ £ OE UBNPE HOYYFEMSHOPE LCA ECHTPREKULPZP BCHYBRTPNB TEYEOYE, FBL LBL POP OBYUYFEMSHOP UFYNHMYTPCHBMP R ™ £ RTYPVTEFEOYE chchu uyb ECHTPREKULYI BP B LBYUEUFCHE BRTBCHEYLPCH. CHUE LFP NPTsOP VSHMP VSHCHZPDOP RTERPDOEUFY PVEEUFCHEOOPUFY LBL STLYK RTYNET YUFYOOPZP ECHTTP-BFMBOFYUEULPZP UPFTKHDOYUEUFCHB.

dTHZPK CHSHCHIPD CHYDEMUS CH UPITBOEOYY RTPZTBNNSHCH b400n, OP RTY HUMPCHYY PFLBB PF DCHYZBFEMS ft-400 LBL PUOPCHOPZP YUFPYUOILB RTPVMEN. RTY LFPN TSD RPMYFYLPC Y CHPEOOSHCHI CHSHCHUFHRYMY 'B PUOBEEOYE OPCHPZP ECHTPREKULPZP FTBOURPTFOILB HLTBYOP-TPUYQULYNY CHYOFPCHEOFYMSFPTOSHCHNYY DCHYZBFEMSCHNY DCHYZBFEMSCHTY,. pUPVEOOP ZPTSYUYE ZPMPCHSCH ZPCHPTYMY DBCE P BLHRLE ol-12, LPFPTSHCHN HCE VPMEE 60 MEF! FTXDOSHCHTENEOB BUFBCHYMY CHURPNOYFSH Y P UBNPK "UENYDEUSFLE", UFPMSh PRTPNEFYUYCHP PFCHETZOHFPK 9 MEF OBBD. fBL, LLURETF OENEGLPZP ZHPODB "oBHLB Y RPMYFYLB" y. mBOZE CH ZHECHTBME 2009 Z. PRHVMYLPCHBM UFBFSHA, CH LPFPTPK HFCHETSDBM, UFP "OBYVPMEE PVPUOPCHBOOSCHN U ChPEOOPC FPYULY TEOYS VSHCHM VSC CHBTYBOFCHBOF7'BUBFCHBOF0" h FP TSE CHTENS, mBOZE HLBSCCHBM, YuFP LFB YDES RTPFYCHPTEYUYF RTYOGYRKH TBCHYFYS ECHTP-BFMBOFYUEULPZP RBTFOETUFCHB CH CHPEOOP-FEIOYYUEULPK UZHETE. CHPF EUMY VSC hLTBYOB VSCMB UFTBOPC obfp YMY IPFS VSC NPZMB RPICBUFBFSHUS ULPMSHLP-OYVHDSH PRTEDEMEOOOSCHNY RETURELFYCHBNY CHUFHRMEOYS CH BMShSOU, FPZDETH...

oEPVIPDYNP 'BNEFYFSH, UFP CH FSTsEMPE RPPTSEOYE U RTPELFPN b400n RPRBMY OE FPMSHLP BLBYUYLY UBNPMEFB, OP Y EZP UPDBFEMY. tHLPChPDYFEMY EADS J "TVBU nYMYFBTY" OBIPDSUSH RPD RPUFPSOOSCHN PZOEN LTYFYLY, Chemy FTHDOEKYYE RETEZPCHPTSCH, HVETSDBS CHPEOOSCHI UOYYFSH RMBOLH FEIOYYUEULYI IBTBLFETYUFYL, PFUTPYUYFSH RPUFBCHLY J UPZMBUYFSHUS RPDPTPTSBOYEN UETYKOSCHI LENRMSTPCH bor. RTY LFPN CH LBYUEUFCHE "RPUMEDOEZP DPCHPDB LPTPMEK" RTYNEOSMBUSH HZTPB - FPMSHLP OE HRBDYFE UP UFHMB! - RTELTBFYFSH TBTBVPFLH b400n CH PDOPUFPTPOOEN RPTSDLE. "Hm IPFYN UFTPYFSH FPF UBNPMEF - ZPCHPTYM B YAOE RTPYMPZP ZPDB B YOFETCHSHA OENEGLPK ZBEFE Handelsblatt ZMBCHB LPOGETOB Airbus fPNBU ODETU -. OP DE MAVPK GEOPK NShch RP-RTETSOENH HCHETEOSCH B DPUFPYOUFCHBI b400n, PDOBLP B OSCHOEYOYI TBNPYUOSCHI HUMPCHYSI HUREYOP FB RTPZTBNNB TEBMYPCHBOB VSCHFSH OE NPCEF" .

TEBLGYS ECHTPREKULPZP RPMYFYLHNB HAQIDA RPDPVVOHA RPYGYA PLBBMBUSH CHEUSHNB OEPDOPTPDPDOPC. PDOPK UFPTPOSCH, ECHTPREKULYE MYDETSCH CHRPMOE RPOYNBMY, ham YUFP YEE MAVYNPE UPCHNEUFOPE DEFYEE EADS TEBMSHOP RETETSYCHBEF OERTPUFPK RETYPD: RBTBMMEMSHOP bor RTEPDPMEOYEN LTYYUB b400n LPOGETO VSHEFUS HBS TEYEOYEN NOPTSEUFCHB RTPVMEN b380 J RSCHFBEFUS TBCHETOHFSH RPMOPNBUYFBVOHA TBTBVPFLH FEIOPMPZYYUEULY TECHPMAGYPOOPZP RBUUBTSYTULPZP MBKOETB b350. da DTHZPK UFPTPOSCH, VSHMP UCHETIEOOP PYUECHYDOP, UFP RTPVMENSCH b400n UFBMY UMEDUFCHYEN SHOSCHI PYVPL, DPRHEOOOSCHI THLPCPDUFCHPN EADS, TBURMMBFH RLPFSYCHEBMPOBFSCHR BLGEUSSHEPSHYBMBFSCHYBFYPKYPKYPKK FPF CE Z-O ODETU CHPRTPU HAQIDA "uFP CE OE UMPTSIMPUSH CH UMHYUBE U b400n?" PFCHEYUBM "nOPZPE h YUBUFOPUFY, RTBCHYFEMSHUFCHBI FBL OF NShch OECHETOP PGEOYMY ZTBZHYL TBVPF J OEPVIPDYNSCHE VADTSEFOSCHE TBNLY OP FHF PFCHEFUFCHEOOPUFSH METSYF TH, RPMYFYLY OBCHSBMY rag'batlantirgan CHSCHVPT ECHTPREKULPZP DCHYZBFEMS, FPZDB LBL NShch RTEDRPYUYFBMY DTHZPE TEYEOYE ......." rPUME UMPTSOYI RETEZPCHPTCH HAQIDA HTPCHOE NYOYUFTCH PVPTPOSCH 27 YAMS 2009 b DBMSHYE VKHDEF CHIDOP ...

h LFPK PVUFFCHLE "BBBB NYMYFBTY" ChufbMB Retad Odenmeoop RTPDENPUFTPCHBFS Ishlatilgan PVEEUUFCHUFY LBPK-OIVHDSHOPUFUFY LBTPZTBNNCH, Mkhyui Chuzp - Ocakfish Flag ReChl. CHUE XUYMYS ULPOGEOFTYTPCHBMY DPUFYTSEOY YFPK GBCHEFOPK GEMY HAQIDA. 2007 Z. rty FPN PUOPCHOSCHE UVPTPYUOSCHE EDYOYGSCH yilda ECE uVPTLB DCHHI RETCHSCHI PRSCHFOSCHI PVTBGPCH UBNPMEFB CHEMBUSH B yURBOYY ON BCHPDE ZHYTNSCH CASA (B YUBUFOPUFY, PFDEMSHOSCHE UELGYY ZHAEMSTSB, LPOUPMY LTSCHMB) DPUFBCHMSMYUSH, DTHZYI BCHPDPCH ON FTBOURPTFOPN UBNPMEFE Airbus A300-600ST Super Transporter bor OBSCHCHBENPN FBLTSE "veMHZPK". rPUFTPKLB EEE FTEI UBNPMEFPCH OBYUBMBUSH CH fHMHJE (zhTBOGYS). nBYOB DMS OBENOSCHI RTPUOPUFOSCHI YURSHCHFBOYK U OPNETPN MSN 5000 RPUFTPEOB YURSHCHFSHCHCHBEF -US CH YURBOYY.

26 YAOS 2008 Z. ON BCHPDE CASA B RTYZPTPDE uEChYMShY Ubo-rBVMP UPUFPSMBUSH PZHYGYBMSHOBS GETENPOYS CHSCHLBFLY RETCHPZP RPUFTPEOOPZP b400n bor OPNETPN MSN 001. XX / nETPRTYSFYE PFMYYUBMPUSH YULMAYUYFEMSHOPK FPTTSEUFCHEOOPUFSHA, YUFP RPDYUETLYCHBMPUSH RTYUHFUFCHYEN UBNPZP LPTPMS yURBOYY iHBOB lBTMPUB I. pDOBLP, istig'for, UFP OF OEUNPFTS UBNPMEF ChSCHZMSDEM VHLCHBMSHOP "LBL U YZPMPYULY", TEBMSHOP ON VSCHM CHEUSHNB DBMEL PF ZPFPCHOPUFY L OBYUBMH YURSHCHFBOIK. RTP-RP-RTC-RTZBFMYUBMYUSH HTJBCHMEYS Ilpzopnh Htbchmeois South-Uphtzopnh Lfbchmeoise LPNrommeluch in FBL Plischkbenpk "RPMOPK PFCHFUFUFCEOPHUFSHA", FP Eyulfchuyts Ty. TEEYOYE LFYI, B FBLTS DTHZYI CHPRTPUPCH 'BOSMP OH NOPZP, OY NBMP - RPYUFY RPMFPTB ZPDB.

CHUEZP CE 'BDETSLB RETCHPZP CHSCHMEFB b400n UPUFBCHYMB 34 NEUSGB PF DBFShch, PZPCHPTEOOPK CH LPOFTBLFE.

YuftishtyyueuePe UPVSCHFYET UPUFSMPUT 11 DelBVTSMPTHBBBFTELSH MeftpthNhBPSETHFB REMPTDBFTHBBBOPSBBBBBBBOPHB UBNPMST RPMF JBOFBUFYULIN. chmefech y uechchymshhy, b400n RTpchem Ch chpdkhie 3 YUBUB 45 NYOHF, YNES HAQIDA VPTFH PLPMP 15 FPOO LPOFTPMSHOP-BRYUSCHCHBAEK BRRBTBFKhTSCH. uPZMBUOP PZHYGYBMSHOPNKH RTEUU-TEMYH, UBNPMEF DPUFYZ CHSHCHUPFSHCH 10000 N Y ULPTPUFY n = 0,72. LBL CHPDYFUS CH FBLYI UMHYUBSI, RPMEF VSCHM PRYUBO CH UBNSHI CHPUFPTTSOOOSCHI CHSHCHTBTSEOISHI, Y MYYSH URHUFS RBTH OEDEMSH CH RTEUUE UFBMY RPRBRYGFSCHOOTHYPEESHYOPCHYBHB.V. fBL, TsKHTOBM Aviatsiya haftaligi UPPVEBM, YuFP RPMEF RTYYMPUSH 'BDETSBFSH Y'-'B FPZP, UFP RPMEFOSHCHK LPNRSHAFET RPFTEVPCBMPUSH DCHBTsDSCH RETEEBZTHTSBFSH RETED CHMEFPN. FP CE RTYYMPUSH RTPDEMBFSH Y CH RPMEFE, UFP RTYCHEMP L 'BDETSLE RPUBDLY OB GEMSCHI 30 NYOHF. LPOEYUOP TSE, UYUFENB HRTBCCHMEOYS DCHYZBFEMSNY FPCE OE DBMB P UEVE UBVSHCHFSH - CHULPTE RPUME CHMEFB POB UFBMB ZHPTNYTPCHBFSH OEBDELCHBFOSHCHE UPPVEEUFEOIS DPPVEEUFEOB UPPYMEOYS PTBKK. FP RTYCHEMP LOEPVVIPDYNPUFY OEYFBFOPZP NBOIRHMYTPCHBOYS TETSYNBNY TBVPFSCH DCHYZBFEMEK Y FBLTSE BDETTSBMP CHSHCHRPMOEOOYE RPMEFOPZP BDBOIS. hVPTLB Y CHSHCHRHUL YBUUY UPRTCHPTsDBMYUSH UIMSHOSCHNY HDBTBNY Y F.D.

obdp ULBBFSH, UFP CHUE LFP UCHETIEOOOP PVSCHYUOSCHE RTPVMENSCH, LPFPTSHCHE UPRTCHPTsDBAF YURSHCHFBFEMSHOSHCHE RPMEFSCH RPDBCHMSAEEZP VPMSHYYOUFCHB OPCHMEFCHUBP. y NSCH RTYCHPDYN DEUSH HRPNYOBOYE POYI CHPCHUE OE CH RPTSDLE MKPRSHCHIBFEMSHUFCHB, B YULMAYUYFEMSHOP YOBYEK RTEDTBURMPTSEOOPUFY L PVYAELFYCHOPNBGYPTYH.

chFPTPK RPMEF b400n UCHETYM OBLBOHOE TPTSDEUFCHB, B U SOCHBTS HAQIDA LFPK NBYOE OBYUBMBUSH TEBMYBGYS DPCHPMSHOP PVYTOPK YURSHCHFBFEMSHOPK RTPZTBNNSC. YOFEOUYCHOPUFSH RPMEFPCH DPUFYZBMB 10 H OEDEMA. rTYUEN RETCHBS NBYOB RTEDOBOBBYUEOB DMS RPTCHETLY, CH PUOPCHOPN, mfi. haqida UBNPMEFE MSN 002 (RPDLMAYUYMUS L YURSHCHFBOISN CH NBTFE) RTPIPDSF FEUFSHCH UYMPCHPK HUFBOPCHLY Y LPNRMELUB UBNPPVPTPOSCH. ftEFSHS NBYOB MSN 003 (OB YURSHCHFBOYSI U 9 YAMS) RTEDOBOBBYUEOB DMS RTPCHETLY RYMPFBTsOP-OBCHYZBGYPOOPZP LPNRMELUB, B FBLTS TSDB VPTFPCHSHCHI UYUFEN. MSN 004 rSFshchk UBNPMEF RMBOYTHEFUS RPUFTPYFSH U HUEFPN CHUEI OBNEYUBOYK, LPFPTSCHE VHDHF CHCHSCHMEOSCH CH IPDE YURSHCHFBOIK RETCHSHCHI NBYO. oblpoeg, UBNPMEF MSN 006 (RP RMBOH - YAMSH 2011 Z.) UFBOEF RETCHSHCHN UETYKOSHCHN b400n. YOFETEUOB FBLCE ZEPZTBJYS RTEDUFPSEYI YURSHCHFBOIK. Obrtynet, rtchetlh Ubnpmefb b RMBCHCHIFIS RMBTCHEFAFI RMBRSEFIFIH - b zbspnvyy - b lphhmnvyy, zhofpchschi Chrr - B YURBOYY. pVEYK PVYAEN YURSHCHFBOYK PRSHCHFOSHCHI PVTBUGPCH UPUFBCHYF 4370 YUBUPCH, RPUME YuEZP RETCHSHCHE UETYKOSHCHE b400n RPUFHRSF H chchu zhTBOGIY. DBFH CHSHCHIPDB FFPZP TSKHTOBMB UHNNBTOSHCHK PVYAEN YURSHCHFBOIK RTECHSHCHUIM 100 RPMEFPCH RTPDPMTSYFEMSHOPUFSHHA VPMEE 400 YUBUPCH haqida.

L OBYUBMH NBTFB FELHEEZP ZPDB UFBMP PYUECHYDOP, YuFP RTPZTBNNB b400n UFP RTPZTBNNB b400n UFBMB RPFYIPOSHLH RTEPDPMECHBFSH FSTSEMSCHK LTYYYUCHBHERBCHMESHMEPPEDP. RTYUEN XUREIY OBNEFIYMYUSHOE FPMSHLP CH MEFOSHCHI YURSHCHFBOISI, OP Y CH IPDE RETEZPCHPTOPZP RTPGEUUB. 5 NBTFB NECDH WENSHA BLBSCCHBAEYNY UFTBOBNY Y "UTVBU NYMYFBTY" VSCHMP RPDRYUBOP DPRPMOOEOYE L LPOFTBLPHH, RTEDHUNBFTYCHBAEEEE DPRPMOYFEMSHOPE ZHYOBOUYTBYTPVP2. ECTP RTSNCHI YOCHEUFYGYK Y 1,5 NMTD. ECTP CH CHYDE LTEDIFOSHCHI FTBOYEK RPD ZBTBOFYY RTBCHYFEMSHUFCH UFTBO-HYUBUFOIG. CHUE YFP, LBL ZPCHPTYFUS, IPTPYP, PDOBLP RTYCHEMP L RPCHSHCHYOYA BLHRPYUOPK UBPYNPUFY b400n DP 150 NMO. ECTP. h LFPK UCHSY TSD UFTBO-HYUBUFOYG RTPZTBNNNSCH BLBPCHPTYMY P UPLTBEEOYY LPMYUEUFCHB BLBBOOSCHI UBNPMEFPCH. h YUBUFOPUFY, J CHPEOOSCHE RBTMBNEOFBTYY zhtz PVUHTSDBAF UOYTSEOYE ON EDYOYG 10, chEMYLPVTYFBOYY - 3. nETsDH ON Soch quritish, ECE VPMSHYENH PFDBMEOYA RPTPZB TEOFBVEMSHOPUFY CHUEZP RTPELFB ning UPLTBEEOYE LPMYYUEUFCHB RPUFTPEOOSCHI UBNPMEFPCH OEYVETSOP CHEDEF A DBMSHOEKYENH RPCHSCHYEOYA YEE J GEOSCH.

eEE PDOIN YFPZPN NBTFPCHULYI UPZMBYEOIK UFBMP WOYTSEOOYE FTEVPCHBOYK L IBTBLFETYUFYLBN UBNPMEFB, CH YUBUFOPUFY, L ZTKH'PRPDYAENOPUFY. rTBCHDB, LBLHA YNEOOP CHEMYUYOKH HAQIDA - RPLB OESUOP. oP 'BFP UCHETIEOOOP PYUECHIDOP, UFP lfp OE RTYVBCHYF IOFKHYIBNB OSHOEYOYIN Y RPFEOGYBMSHOSHCHN RPLHRBFEMSN b400n. fBL UFP "IRRRY YOD" LFPK YUFPTYY EEE OE OBUFKHRIM, J P OEMEZLPK UHDSHVE "PVEEECHTPREKULPZP UHRETZTHHCHILB" NSCH EEE XUMSCHYN...

mfi:
nPJYLBGYS b400n
tBNBI LTSCHMB, N 42.40
dMYOB UBNPMEFB, N 45.10
chSCHUPFB UBNPMEFB, N 14.70
rMPEBDSh LTSCHMB, H2 221.5
nBUUB, LZ
RHUFPZP UBNPMEFB 70000
NBLUINBMSHOBS CHMEFOBS 141000
CHOHFTEOOEE FPRMMYCHP, LZ 50500
FYR DCHYZBFEMS 4 FPD Europrop International TP400-D6
nPEOPUFSH, M.U. 4 va 11000
nBLUYNBMSHOBS ULPTPUFSH, LN/Yu
lTECUETULBS ULPTPUFSH, n 780 (n=0,72)
RETEZPOPUOBS DBMSHOPUFSH, LN 9 260
rTBLFYUEULBS DBMSHOPUFSH, LN 7220
dBMSHOPUFSH U NBLUINBMSHOPC 'BZTH'LPK, LN 4300
rTBLFYUEULYK RPFPMPL, N 11280
LIRBC, UEM 2-3
rPMEGOBS OBZTHLB:

120 DEUBOFOILPCH YMY UPMDBF YMY 66 OPUIMPL U UPRTCHPTsDBAENY YMY 37000 LZ ZTHB YMY 41000 LZ FPRMYCHB, CHBTYBOFSHCH 'BZTH'LY:
2 CHETFPMEFB RAH-2 Tiger YMY AH-64 Apache, YMY
1 CHETFPMEF Cougar, NH90, YMY
1 FTBOURPTFOPE WTPOYTPCHBOOPE UTEDUFCHP FIRB GTK, YMY
6 NBYO FIRB Land Rover, YMY 1 TBLEFOBS HUFBOPCHLB Roland, YMY DCHB 5-FPOOSCHI ZTHHPCHILB U 2 105-NN RHYLBNY, YMY 40 40 40 40 ZhHFPSCHI ISO LPEVYSHBOETCH1, YMY FIRB.

Ishlab chiqaruvchi Airbus Military Birinchi parvoz 11 dekabr 2009 yil Faoliyat boshlanishi 2013 yil(reja) Holat ishlab chiqarilgan, ishlagan Dasturni ishlab chiqish narxi € 20-25 mlrd Birlik narxi € 145 mln Wikimedia Commons-dagi rasmlar

Airbus A400M- to'rt dvigatelli turboprop harbiy transport samolyotlari, ishlab chiqarilgan Airbus Military.

A400M ning birinchi nusxasi namoyish etildi 26 iyun 2008 yil shaharda Sevilya.

Dizayn

Turboprop dvigatellari A400M (model)

Ishlab chiquvchilar tomonidan o'ylab topilganidek, A400M samolyoti qo'shinlar va yuklarni tashish, ularni parashyut yoki qo'nish usuli bilan har qanday ob-havo sharoitida va tunda tayyorlanmagan uchish-qo'nish yo'laklaridan, shu jumladan asfaltlanmagan va nisbatan arzon narxlarda qo'nishni ta'minlaydi. hayot sikli. Bundan tashqari, ushbu harbiy-texnikaviy transport vositasi guruh tarkibida past balandliklarda yuqori subsonik tezlikda uchishi, zirhli kabina va hayotiy tizimlarga, shuningdek, yonilg'i quyish moslamalari yoki EW tizimi konteynerlarini o'rnatish uchun to'rtta qanot ostidagi ustunlarga ega bo'lishi kerak. Yaratuvchilarning fikriga ko'ra, yangi mashinaning xizmat qilish muddati kamida 30 yil bo'ladi va ish harorati oralig'i ± 50 ° C. Komplekslar va tizimlar avionika uskunalari (avionika) 1553 V standartidagi multipleks ma'lumotlarni tarqatish shinasi bilan birlashtirish rejalashtirilmoqda.

Yangi samolyot keng kuzovli bo'ladi monoplan yuqori qanotli, T-dumli va fyuzelajning orqa qismida yuk rampasi bilan. Dizayn keng qo'llanilishi kutilmoqda kompozit materiallar, shuningdek modulli turdagi komponentlar va yig'ilishlar.

Qism elektr stansiyasi mashina kamida 13000 ot kuchiga ega bo'lgan to'rtta turbovintli dvigatelni o'z ichiga olishi rejalashtirilgan. bilan. hamma. Asosiy variant sifatida firmalar tomonidan birgalikda ishlab chiqilgan istiqbolli Ml 38 dvigateli ko'rib chiqiladi. SNECMA(Frantsiya), MTU (Germaniya), Fiat Avia (Italiya) va ITP (Ispaniya), Rafal taktik qiruvchi samolyoti bilan jihozlangan M88 aylanma turbojet dvigatelining gaz generatori asosida ishlab chiqarilgan. 2000 yil boshida ushbu kompaniyalar yangi korxona - TIP (Turboprop International) tashkil etishga qaror qilishdi, uning asosiy vazifasi A-400M samolyotlari uchun Ml 38 dvigatellarini ishlab chiqish va ishlab chiqarish bo'ladi. Bu samolyotning belgilangan ishlash ko'rsatkichlariga erishadi, deb ishoniladi.

Samolyot avionikasining kutilayotgan tarkibiga zamonaviy radar stantsiyasi, yuqori aniqlikdagi navigatsiya tizimi, kokpitda ma'lumotlarni ko'rsatishning ilg'or vositalari, shu jumladan rangli ko'p funksiyali ko'rsatkichlar va old oynada ma'lumotlarni ko'rsatish uchun uskunalar, shuningdek integratsiyalashgan boshqaruv tizimi kiradi. , bu, ishlab chiquvchilarning fikriga ko'ra, ekipajdagi yukni sezilarli darajada kamaytirishi va uni ikki kishiga kamaytirishi mumkin.

Yuk bo'limining hajmi taxminan 340 m³ bo'ladi, bu xuddi shunday maqsaddagi mavjud samolyotlarga qaraganda deyarli 2 baravar ko'p. Bu barcha asosiy qurollarni, shu jumladan AN-64, Tiger, A. 129, Puma HNH-90 vertolyotlarini, artilleriya qismlarini, shu jumladan 203 mm gaubitsalarni oldindan qismlarga ajratmasdan joylashtirish imkonini beradi. M110 (SPG), bir nechta raketa tizimlari va zirhli transport vositalari. Shu bilan birga, u yuk rampasi bilan jihozlangan bo'lishi kerak, unda kamida 6 tonna og'irlikdagi yuk va uskunalarni o'rnatish mumkin.

Ishlab chiquvchilarning hisob-kitoblariga ko'ra, istiqbolli samolyot yuqori jangovar samaradorlikka va mavjud taktik harbiy-texnik hamkorlikka nisbatan yaxshilangan ko'rsatkichlarga ega bo'ladi. U uchish va qo‘nish xususiyatlari va shassilarining takomillashtirilgan konstruksiyasi tufayli uzunligi 900 m gacha bo‘lgan tayyorlanmagan asfaltlanmagan maydonlardan ucha oladi (qo‘na oladi), shuningdek kichik burilish radiusi bilan manevrlarni amalga oshiradi.

A-400M bazasida ikki yoki uchta yoqilg'i quyish punkti bo'lgan transport va yonilg'i quyish samolyotining versiyasini yaratish rejalashtirilgan. Taxminlarga ko'ra, 45 tonna yoqilg'i bortida bo'lib, u baza aerodromidan taxminan 930 km masofada 3 soat davomida patrul xizmatini ta'minlay oladi.

A-400M harbiy-texnik hamkorlikni rivojlantirish dasturining umumiy qiymati qariyb 6 milliard dollarni tashkil etadi. Xorijiy ekspertlarning fikricha, G‘arbiy Yevropa mamlakatlari havo kuchlariga 250 dan ortiq yangi texnika kerak (Germaniya – 75, Fransiya – 62, Buyuk Britaniya – 50 ta, Italiya – 32, Turkiya – 20, Belgiya – 12 va Portugaliya – 9). 60-70 million dollarga tushadi.

1997 yildan 2002 yilgacha bo'lgan davrda Frantsiya va Germaniya mudofaa byudjetining qisqarishi munosabati bilan ular dasturni davlat tomonidan moliyalashtirishdan bosh tortdilar. Shu bilan birga, ular samolyotni ishlab chiquvchi firmalar hisobidan yaratishga e'tiroz bildirmaydi, bu esa kelajakda ularga qaytariladi. Harbiy havo kuchlari uchun yangi samolyotlarni sotib olishning eng yaxshi echimlarini tanlash uchun G'arbiy Evropa Ittifoqi mutaxassislari AQSh, Rossiya va Ukrainada istiqbolli harbiy-texnik hamkorlikning rivojlanish holatini tahlil qilishdi. ularning xaridi.

Xulosa hisobotida ta'kidlanishicha, istiqbolli harbiy-texnik hamkorlik C-17A (AQSh), An-70(Ukraina, Rossiya) va uning eksport versiyasi An-7X bir qator ishlash ko'rsatkichlari bo'yicha, xususan, "foydali yuk / parvoz masofasi" mezoni bo'yicha A-400M samolyotidan sezilarli darajada ustundir va Evropa standartlariga to'liq javob beradi. standartlar, shuningdek, VTS An-70 ishlab chiqilishi A-400M loyihasidan kamida o'n yil oldinda ekanligi qayd etildi. Shu bilan birga, ularni G'arbiy Evropa mamlakatlari havo kuchlari uchun sotib olish nomaqbul deb topildi va ushbu dastur bo'yicha keyingi ishlarni amalga oshirish zarurati oqlandi. Buning foydasiga asosiy dalillar - Amerika avtomobillarining nisbatan yuqori narxi, shuningdek, saqlash va saqlash zarurati. yanada rivojlantirish Yevropa aerokosmik sanoati salohiyati va unga kirish xalqaro bozor o'z dizaynimizdagi samolyotlar bilan.

Ushbu maqsadlar uchun dasturda ishtirok etuvchi asosiy kompaniyalar Aerospatial bazasida Airbus Harbiy-sanoat assotsiatsiyasini tuzdilar, uning 30 foizini tashkil etadi. uning ishlab chiqarish quvvati. Uning asosiy vazifasi ishlab chiqarishni tayyorlash va samolyot prototipini qurishni ta'minlash bo'yicha ishlarni amalga oshirishdan iborat. Ushbu bosqichni moliyalashtirish (taxminan 500 million dollar) bevosita yangi harbiy-texnik hamkorlikni yaratishda ishtirok etuvchi firmalar tomonidan amalga oshiriladi. Assotsiatsiya Frantsiya harbiy-havo kuchlari tomonidan buyurtmaning qat'iy kafolatlarini olgandan so'ng, dasturning frantsuz qismini (1,3 milliard dollar) moliyalashtirishga tayyorligini bildirdi va keyinchalik kamida 52 samolyot uchun to'lovni amalga oshirdi. Kompaniya mutaxassislarining fikricha, yangi samolyotning birinchi parvozi 2004 yilda amalga oshirilishi mumkin, jangovar qismlarga harbiy-texnik hamkorlikni yetkazib berish 2006 yilda boshlanadi.

2008 yil 26 iyunda Sevilya yaqinidagi San-Pablo shahrida, Ispaniyaning CASA kompaniyasining samolyot zavodida, EADS, A400M o'rta harbiy transport samolyotining birinchi prototipini ishlab chiqarishga topshirish marosimi bo'lib o'tdi. Ushbu samolyot 2003 yildan beri ishlab chiqilmoqda, butlovchi qismlar Germaniya, Frantsiya, Janubiy Afrika, Turkiya va Buyuk Britaniyada ishlab chiqarilgan, yakuniy yig'ish Ispaniyada. Ayni paytda EADS 192 A400M uchun buyurtmalarga ega va kelajakda u 400 tagacha mashinalarni ishlab chiqarishni rejalashtirmoqda. A400M ning parvoz sinovlari shu yil boshlanishi rejalashtirilgan va u 2010 yilda foydalanishga topshiriladi. San-Pablodagi bayramda Ispaniya qiroli Xuan Karlos I va boshqa VIPlar ishtirok etishdi.

Buyurtmani bekor qilish

Texnik xususiyatlari

  • Modifikatsiya: A400M
  • Qanot kengligi, m: 42.40
  • Samolyot uzunligi, m: 45.10
  • Samolyot balandligi, m: 14.70
  • Qanot maydoni, m²: 221,5
  • Bo'sh vazn: 70000
  • Maksimal uchish og'irligi: 141000
  • Ichki yoqilg'i, kg: 50500
  • Dvigatel turi: 4 HPT Europrop International TP400-D6
  • Quvvat, ot kuchi: 4 x 11000
  • Kruiz tezligi, M: 780 (M=0,72)
  • Parom masofasi, km: 9260
  • Amaliy masofa, km: 7220
  • Maksimal yuk bilan masofa, km: 4300
  • Amaliy shift, m: 11280
  • Ekipaj, odamlar: 2-3
  • Yuk yuki: 120 parashyutchi yoki askarlar yoki xizmatchilar bilan 66 nosilka yoki 37 000 kg yuk yoki 41 000 kg yoqilg'i, yuklash imkoniyatlari: 2 RAH-2 Tiger yoki AH-64 Apache vertolyotlari yoki 1 Cougar, NH90 vertolyotlari yoki 1 GTK qurolli transport vositasi yoki 6 ta Land Rover avtomobili yoki 1 ta Roland raketa tashuvchisi yoki 2 ta 105 mm to'pga ega ikkita 5 tonnalik yuk mashinasi yoki 40 40 futlik ISO konteyneri yoki 1 ta mobil kran.

Eslatmalar

Havolalar