Passing score for customs. Customs: profile of a specialist in Russian universities

"Customs" is one of the most sought-after specialties in the modern world, because the number of countries that are ready to cooperate and engage in trade is increasing every day. And this means that the state needs experienced and qualified specialists who will be able to ensure full compliance with customs agreements and customs policy in general. Where can I study in the specialty "Customs"? Universities in Moscow offer the best choice in terms of the ratio of the quality of education to its cost.

Customs: definition

Methods and means of resolving customs issues related to the transportation of goods across the state border, the rules of prohibition and various restrictions on movement Vehicle through customs - all this can be attributed to the definition of "customs". Universities offer another designation option.

Customs is a branch that regulates the foreign economic activity of the state, namely: trade, transportation of bulky goods across the state border. It turns out that given profession assumes deep theoretical knowledge in economics (which can be obtained if you enter the Institute of Customs), as well as practical experience with the preparation of merchandise documentation, declaration of goods and skills in management and accounting, because you will have to keep reports on taxation and accepting payments, penalties and duties for a particular violation during transportation through customs.

Features of the profession

The profession of a customs specialist is in demand not only in customs authorities, but also in various brokerage companies, credit institutions, enterprises engaged in foreign economic activity or logistics. The specialist in this field must have extensive knowledge and skills. Here are some of them:

• have a good legal education;
• be able to manage the activities of customs authorities;
• keep records Money(payments, taxes);
• analyze trade statistics;
• competently draw up documentation;
• know how customs logistics work, and at any time carry out the necessary procedures to optimize economic activity enterprises.

universities in Moscow

The profession of a customs officer is very responsible and difficult, however, it is considered very prestigious and highly paid. That is why many applicants choose the specialty "Customs". Universities in Moscow have always been famous best practices teaching, so let's look at which of them teach in this specialty.

It is worth noting that before choosing a particular university, you need to decide for yourself the following questions: "Public or private university?", "Choose the faculty of customs on the basis of a contract or is there a chance to enter the budget?". The capital offers the widest choice of universities, so everyone can find exactly the university that suits them both in terms of tuition fees and quality.

The next step in choosing the specialty "Customs" - exams. What subjects do I need to pass and how many points? Let's figure out which universities offer internal exams, and which ones are enrolled for training based on the results of the Unified State Examination.

State budget universities: TOP-3

Over the past 15 years, major changes have taken place: many universities have opened new specialties and directions. One of the most prestigious and promising areas can be called just "Customs". Universities in Moscow can be conditionally divided into two groups: the first includes all public universities, and the second - private institutions that have received state accreditation and issue a state diploma at the end of training.

For many applicants, the opportunity to study on a budgetary basis is the main criterion when choosing a future university. Here are the best universities in the capital that you can enter by gaining the required number of points on the Unified State Exam:

1. Russian (named after Plekhanov) - there are very high requirements, for admission it is necessary to score an average of 82 points for each subject (Russian language, foreign language and social studies).
2. RANHIGS under the President of the Russian Federation - this university does not have an institute of customs, however, there is a direction "Customs" at the Faculty of Law and National Security. The passing score for the past years is approximately 270 for the same subjects as at Plekhanov University.
3. - an educational institution, which is located near Moscow (in Lyubertsy). The academy has a faculty of customs affairs, the average number of enrollment points is 250 for three subjects. One of the advantages of this university is the largest number of budget places, there are 250 of them, while in others the maximum number is only 20.

State Universities Offering Fee-Based Tuition

The number of paid universities is increasing every year, because the demand for education is also growing. This is especially noticeable in Moscow: after graduating from school and passing the exam, many applicants decide to enter the capital's universities and come here from the most remote regions of Russia. It is not surprising, because it is in the capital that you can find a university that meets all the wishes and possibilities of the applicant:

1. offers training on a contract basis, both for those who have passed the USE, and for those who wish to pass internal exams. On the Faculty of Economics Applicants are invited to choose three areas, including "Customs". The cost of training is within 200 thousand rubles per year.
2. MADI is another university specializing in training in the specialty "Customs". The passing score is 120. The cost per year of study at the Faculty of Logistics and General Transport Problems is 147 thousand rubles.
3. MGUPS Emperor Nicholas - one of the oldest universities in the capital, the law institute consists of 6 areas, one of which is customs. The passing score is 180, and the cost of education is 198 thousand rubles for one academic year.

Private universities

Applicants who score the minimum scores on the Unified State Examination have the opportunity to enter non-state universities for paid basis. Below is an overview of the most prestigious state accredited universities:

1. The Moscow Institute of Law is one of the most affordable universities, the cost of education is only 65 thousand rubles per year. At the same time, it is possible to enter without passing the exam, instead of it you need to pass tests conducted by the university on its own.
2. MFLA offers quality training on relatively low prices: 100 thousand rubles for the first course of study, then some discounts are possible. The university accepts both on the basis of the results of the Unified State Examination, and according to internal exams. Foreign citizens also have the opportunity to enter this institution, they just need to pass an oral exam in the Russian language and write a short essay.
3. Moscow University. V. S. Yutte is one of the five best non-state universities in the capital. The cost of education at the Faculty of Economics and Finance is 110 thousand rubles, and the passing score is 100.

Whichever university you choose, remember that the main component of successful education is not prestige educational institution but your personal efforts.

Form of study: full-time
Price: 290 000 rub/year
Duration: 5 years
Learning Basics: budget, contract

Implemented main professional educational programs, 2020:

1. Organization customs control
2. Customs payments and currency regulation
3. Foreign trade, transport and customs logistics

In the light of Russia's deeper involvement in global integration processes, the Customs Business is one of the most demanded programs, which makes it possible to train relevant specialists of a qualitatively new level.

Entry conditions:

Conditions of education:

Deferment from service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in accordance with applicable law.

Graduates of the program "Customs" are qualified specialists, the demand for which is ensured by the rapid development of Russia's foreign economic relations. The course was developed in 2012 and is based on a combination of fundamental theoretical knowledge and practical skills. In the process of training, RANEPA provides students with internships in customs authorities.

Specialist Skills

With successful training under the program "Customs", students receive knowledge in the field of jurisprudence, the basics of organization, management of customs processes and foreign economic activity. Future specialists develop skills in various areas of the chosen profession:

• foreign economic transactions;
• conclusion of contracts;
• application of customs procedures;
• calculation of customs payments;
• declaration of goods;
• control at customs;
• commodity nomenclature foreign economic activity(TN VED), etc.

Employment prospects

After training, graduates of the faculty can work in private and state structures the following positions:

• declarant;
• specialist or manager: customs, export;
• specialist in international transport etc.

Graduates of the course after training are employed in large logistics companies, consulting centers, open own business, hold senior positions in the customs departments of international corporations, organize the work of border checkpoints, work at airports, seaports, railway facilities, etc.

Education at RANEPA

The RANEPA program is aimed at training specialists who are able to solve not only basic professional tasks, but also find ways out of non-standard crisis situations. Teaching is conducted by teachers practical experience work in the customs authorities. Seminars, master classes, internships and practice in Russian and international structures. Upon completion of training, future specialists protect qualifying work and receive a state diploma from one of the leading universities in Russia. If desired, a graduate can continue his education in a magistracy or graduate school. RANEPA provides the knowledge and skills necessary for a successful career in the customs field.

Will hundreds more teenagers die from drugs passing through a corrupt border post? Will a consignment of counterfeit medicines be brought into the country that could harm the health of thousands of citizens? Will a terrorist planning a large-scale attack with dozens of human victims pass through false documents? Without exaggeration, it will depend on you. The profession of a customs officer is an amazing combination of routine paper work with colossal responsibility and unconditional respect for the specialty.

Story

The profession has been known since ancient times. Although thousands of years ago it was not represented by today's modern specialty, but the guards of the borders of countries, empires and occupied territories have always occupied a special place in society. The profession appeared synchronously with the formation of the first centralized states. It is impossible to give an exact date, but it definitely happened at the stage of the beginning of the development of world society. The impetus for the development of prototypes of modern customs gave rise to trade between countries.

Hundreds of years ago, caravans with goods passing through the borders of countries were taxed. This was necessary to ensure the replenishment of the treasury. In Russia, the customs business originated around the 9th century, when duties were introduced in the principalities and sales tax- "washed". Myt pickers were called "mytniki". It is interesting that in the modern Ukrainian language a customs officer is a mitnik.

Customs - what kind of profession is it

A customs officer is a civil servant whose duties include control of goods transported across the border, people passing by, collection of fees and customs duties. As a rule, university graduates begin their work as ordinary inspectors. Later they become senior inspectors, department heads. A brilliant career will allow him to take the chair of a policymaker in the field of customs, and perhaps one of the heads of the state apparatus. But over 90% of specialists forever remain simple inspectors.

What are the duties of a customs officer:

• Carry out screening of citizens and goods on customs posts, railway stations and airports.
• Prepare customs documentation, collect fees and duties.
• Detect contraband, prohibited goods.
• Keep records of confiscated goods.
• Conduct an investigation of offenses that are within the competence of customs law.

Apart from general profession there are several narrow specialties - a checkpoint officer, a passport control worker, a department specialist and others.

The work as a whole cannot be called interesting and at least somewhat creative - it is complex, routine, sometimes boring or dangerous, but always extremely responsible. The security of the state, in particular economic security, largely depends on customs officers. Failure by specialists to fulfill their duties, corruption and a banal shortage of employees can lead to a real tragedy.

A minimum of romance - a maximum of hard work. Customs officers meet trains and check people heading to the country's territory, inspect cargo, and establish compliance of documentation with Russian and international standards. Often, cynologists work in the industry, who specialize in searching for goods, drugs and other substances prohibited from being imported into the country. Is the profession of a customs officer suitable for a girl? Quite if she is ready to cope with hard work and take on a huge burden of responsibility. Many women work in this area - about 35% of the total number of employees.

Where to study as a customs officer

You can become a customs inspector without a specialized education. But you definitely need to graduate from high school in order to have a better chance of building a brilliant career. The more prestigious and authoritative it is, the better. TOP-5 universities in Russia, which teach customs:

1. Russian Customs Academy.
2. Academy of National Economy and Public Service.
3. Economic University. Plekhanov.
4. Technological University in Korolyov.
5. University. Witte.

The average passing score in one subject exceeds 85.5, so it is not so easy to enter the best universities in the country. But it is still worth submitting the documents - you have nothing to lose. However, at the same time, we recommend that you try to enter a few more universities or institutes that you like. Remember that studying at a reputable ranking university will give you advantages at the start of your career, but will not predetermine success.

Pros and cons of the specialty

Advantages and disadvantages will directly depend on the position held. It is obvious that a high-ranking official or policy maker in the customs industry feels quite comfortable. But since we do not have a presentation of the possibilities and prospects of the industry, but an analysis real situation things, we note the pros and cons of ordinary specialties - inspectors, employees of checkpoints, airports and train stations.

Key pros :

• Respectable, respected profession.
• A special mission is to ensure the security of the country at the borders.
• Benefits - often customs officers are equated with the military.
• Possible supplements to pensions, to social payments.
• Public service with all the privileges envisaged.

Main limitations:

• Low level of comfort.
• Average, and sometimes frankly low salary.
• Bureaucracy and paperwork.
• Rampant corruption.
• The highest level of responsibility.
• Constant pressure from people who disregard the law.

Many experts admit: size wages does not meet the working conditions and the level of responsibility.

In most cases, this is an important, difficult and at the same time low-paid job. Bureaucracy, work in a confined space, all-round pressure - 99% of customs officers who are at the start face this. However, they can be compensated not only by opportunities for career growth, but also by benefits, privileges, and the respectability of the profession.

How much do customs officers get

Imagine: you have dreamed of this profession since childhood. They presented themselves as the defender of the state borders of their country. You wrote an essay at school on the topic “My future profession- customs officer. Then they entered the university, graduated from it and started working. But here the level of your well-being leaves much to be desired. This industry cannot be called the most "monetary".