Presentation on the topic of human rights. Methodical development of the presentation lesson "International Human Rights Day"
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Human Rights Day Presentation for class hour Sakova I.R.
On December 4, 1950, at the Plenary Assembly, the UN General Assembly officially established December 10 as Human Rights Day. All States and interested organizations were invited to adopt this day and to hold relevant activities. The date of December 10 was chosen in honor of the adoption and proclamation by the UN General Assembly on December 10, 1948 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). This Declaration was the first world document to formulate provisions on human rights.
The main provisions of this document are repeated in one form or another in many international treaties, in the constitutions of the UN member states. Appeal to the prosecutor or his assistants is one of the ways to protect the fundamental rights and freedoms provided for by the Russian constitution. It is worth saying that only in a few countries Human Rights Day is an official holiday and non-working day.
An excerpt from the speech of the UN Secretary-General: “Human rights education is much more than just a lesson in school or the topic of the day; it is a process of familiarizing people with the mechanisms they need to live in security and dignity. On this International Human Rights Day, let's make joint efforts to create and nurture a culture of human rights in future generations, to promote the triumph of freedom, security and peace in all countries.”
The concept of human rights In jurisprudence, there are various classifications individual rights. Human rights are one of the varieties of these rights. V modern understanding human rights are inalienable properties, the most essential development opportunities that determine the measure of his freedom. Human rights are complex, multifaceted, philosophical, ethical, political science and legal concept. There are many facets of this social phenomenon and scientific concept.
From the point of view of origin, human rights are inalienable properties of the individual, arising from the very nature and social conditions of its existence. From the point of view of content, it is a measure of the possible behavior of an individual, provided with legal norms and moral requirements. If we consider them in terms of the relationship between the individual and the state, then they serve as the limit of the exercise of state power. The whole system of human rights guarantees the opportunity to enjoy the freedom achieved by society. Of course, every human right belongs to an individual, is inalienable from him and cannot be alienated in any way, but at the same time the whole system of human rights has the greatest social meaning. In essence, these are ways of protecting humanity from numerous threats to its existence.
Every year, the UN defines the main theme of Human Rights Day: 2004 - "Human Rights Education" [ 2005 - "On torture and global efforts to combat it" 2006 - "The fight against poverty is a duty, not mercy" 2007 - "Human dignity and justice for us all" 2008 - "Human dignity and justice for us all" 2009 - "Non-discrimination" 2010 - "Human rights defenders around the world fighting to end discrimination"
Simple people know all the words: A person has rights, There is a right, the main thing - to life, So, man, hold on to life! Look at the wonderful light of God - There is no more important right in the world. A big stream of words is rushing, And among them there are congratulations, Our verse, today you glorify the Day of the person of the main rights! We celebrate Human Rights Day together, Let the cry of joy fly into the sky! Discrimination we say together: "No", Dignity of the individual - that's our answer! To live without humiliation and poverty, I am worthy, you are worthy too!
Human rights violations Poverty is both a cause and a consequence of human rights violations. It is this duality of poverty that makes it perhaps the most serious obstacle to the realization of human rights throughout the world. The link between human rights and poverty seems clear: people whose rights are being violated, such as victims of discrimination or persecution, are most often the poor. As a rule, it is more difficult or impossible for them to find a job, and they have little or no access to basic services and resources. However, in many societies the poor are prevented from exercising their rights to education, health care and housing simply because they do not have enough money to do so.
Human Rights Day 2011 we pay tribute to all human rights defenders On Human Rights Day 2011, I call on everyone, everywhere, to join the campaign online and in social networks that my office has organized to help as many people as possible to know, claim and defend their rights. This campaign must continue as long as human rights violations continue. Message from Navi Pillay, UN High Commissioner for human rights
Human Rights Day in Russia In Russia, this day marks the holding of various official and unofficial events, including various authorized rallies and demonstrations. As a rule, rallies are dedicated to events in the country and the world that cause a strong resonance in society, as unfair, inhumane and degrading people. This holiday allows each person to be involved in honoring the memory of the victims of political repression, the eradication of hatred and racial discrimination.
We have all been given the right to work, study and rest by our current age! May the eternal right to life and freedom Be with you, dear Man! On the day of human rights, I want to wish the people good with a clumsy verse! Using the right of legal code, Do not forget your obligations!
Sources http://www.calend.ru/holidays/0/0/117/ http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%E5%ED%FC_%EF%F0%E0%E2_%F7% E5%EB%EE%E2%E5%EA%E0 http://pozdravok.ru/pozdravleniya/prazdniki/den-prav-cheloveka/ http://redday.ru/winter/12/10.asp http:// www.inmoment.ru/holidays/day_of_human_rights.html
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On December 10, the international community celebrates Human Rights Day. Human Rights Day in other official UN languages: English - Human Rights Day, Spanish - Día de los Derechos del Hombre, French - la Journée des droits de l "homme
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Date in 2018: Monday, December 10 Celebrated: in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and other countries of the world Established: resolution of December 4, 1950 No. 423 (V) 317 of the plenary session of the UN General Assembly Meaning: timed to coincide with the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 10.12 .1948 Traditions: various official and unofficial explanatory meetings and actions, the purpose of which is to talk with the population about human rights and their protection.
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History and traditions of the holiday On December 10, 1948, the UN General Assembly (GA) announced that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which it had just adopted, is nothing more than a general norm, to which people of all powers are obliged to strive. Two years later, on December 4, on the 317th plenary session The GA decided to establish an appropriate holiday in honor of the Declaration. She expressed her gratitude to those states that have already marked the anniversary of the adoption of the document (both members of the UN and non-members), and called on other powers and interested associations to celebrate December 10 as Human Rights Day. The GA also expressed a desire to increase the efforts made in this area. And in order to see the result, she proposed to submit annual reports on the work done to the UN Secretary General. In Russia, as well as around the world, on December 10, 2018, events are held at which issues of human rights and their protection are discussed. On this day, the memory of the victims of genocide and political repression is honored. A theme dedicated to this holiday is also chosen annually.
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The tenth of December was declared Human Rights Day by the UN Assembly! An important declaration concerning the world situation was adopted. Rights and freedoms must be respected! It is important for all of us to remain human beings, to have our own opinion and the word, to develop, to respect the interests of others. In 1950, the UN General Assembly adopted resolution 423 (V), calling on all states and interested organizations to establish December 10 of each year as Human Rights Day. The purpose of proclaiming this day is to draw the attention of "people all over the world" to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a common ideal for all peoples and peoples. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights includes a wide range of political, civil, social, cultural and economic rights. It is included in the Guinness Book of Records as a document translated into more than 400 languages and dialects, which testifies to its universal nature and the extent of its distribution. Although the Declaration is not a binding document, it has contributed to the introduction of more than 60 human rights instruments that have formed a unified international standard in this area.
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In 1959, the United Nations adopted the Declaration of the Rights of the Child, which proclaimed the social and legal principles relating to the protection and well-being of children. In November 1989, the UN General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The Convention contains 54 articles that take into account almost all aspects related to the life and position of the child in society. All its provisions boil down to four requirements that ensure the rights of children: survival, development, protection and participation in society.
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In the Vienna Declaration and Program of Action adopted at International Conference on Human Rights on June 25, 1993, common positions were spelled out and it was said about the need to eradicate manifestations of racism, all forms of discrimination, xenophobia and intolerance of some people towards others. In addition, the protection of the rights of women and children was emphasized. In Soviet Russia, starting in 1977, on Human Rights Day on Pushkinskaya Square in Moscow, dissidents staged a “Rally of Silence” action. In the future, this custom was called: "the tradition of Soviet dissidents."
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In 1966, the United Nations Human Rights Prize was established to recognize those who have made an outstanding contribution to the promotion and protection of human rights. This prize is awarded every five years on the anniversary of the proclamation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It was first awarded in 1968. In 2013, the winners of the award were Malala Yousafzai, a 16-year-old Pakistani girl who defended the right of girls and women to education and was injured in an assassination attempt by Islamic extremists; Mauritanian Biram Dah-Abeid, who helps fight against slavery in the modern world; advocate for the disabled from Kosovo, Hilmniyeta Apuk; Finnish human rights activist Liisa Kauppinen, who defends the rights of the deaf; Moroccan Khadija Riyadi. Also, the UN General Assembly awarded an award to the Supreme Court of Mexico for the protection of the constitutional rights of Mexicans.
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Human rights Classroom hour
Plotnikova Olga Alexandrovna MOU "OSOSH No. 3"
Ocher, Perm Territory
Based on the materials of Fedotova S. A. MOUSOSH No. 13 of the Railway Station District of Tula
Constitution of the Russian Federation
the basic Law
the state in which
device identified
states, law and
duties of citizens
UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights
This is an international document
proclaiming
inalienable and indestructible
rights of all members
human family
RIGHT - with a totality of established and protected state power norms and rules that govern human relations
Ozhegov's dictionary
Convention on the Rights of the Child
November 20, 1989 The UN adopted the Convention (Declaration) on the Rights of the Child
Fairy tale "Little Red Riding Hood"
1.Choose the right, the violation of which is shown in the figure:
- the right to live
- right to privacy
- right to a fair trial
- right to work
2. Say who protected Little Red Riding Hood and helped her regain her rights
3. Say whose other rights were violated by the wolf in this tale
Article 3
Everyone has
right to personal
immunity,
life and freedom
"Little Red Riding Hood"
Fairy tale "The Fox and the Hare"
1. Select the right, the violation of which is shown in the figure:
- the right to live
- right to a fair trial
- right to work
2. Tell me who protected the hare and helped him restore his rights
Fairy tale "The Fox and the Hare"
Article 12
Every person has the right to
home privacy,
protection from interference
personal and family life,
attacks on honor and
reputation
Fairy tale "Frog - traveler"
1. Select the right that the frog used:
- right to free movement
- right to privacy
- right to education
- right to work
2. Tell me how far you could move
frog, exercising his right to freedom
movement?
- within the swamp
- within the country
- no limits
Article 13
1. Everyone in his country has the right to move freely and choose his place of residence.
2. Everyone has the right to leave their country, as well as to return to their homeland
Fairy tale "Pinocchio"
Find the wrong sentences:
- Pinocchio deprived Tortila of what he owned
her property, by force taking away from her the golden key
2. When Pinocchio, the fox Alice and the cat Basilio
went to the Land of Fools, they took advantage
the right to leave their country and return to
homeland
3. The police violated the law
Pope Carlo for immunity
dwellings, forcibly breaking into
in his closet
Fairy tale "Pinocchio"
Choose in the sentences the terms and concepts that are used in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
- the talking Cricket advised Pinocchio to take advantage of the right to receive a free education
- the cat Basilio and the fox Alice, who attacked Pinocchio at night, tried to take money from him and deprive him of what belonged to him.
property
Fairy tale "Pinocchio"
Article 26
Everyone has
the right to education.
Primary and general
education should
be free...
INTEGRITY
joint venture R AVAILABILITY
R A AMAZING
V WELL-BEING
DUTIES
Russian citizens
RIGHTS
DUTIES
Final test:
1. What is the purpose of the UN?
A) hosting the Olympic Games
B) protection of human rights
B) security environment
Final test:
2. What is supreme value in Russia under the Constitution of the Russian Federation?
A) industrial and military potential
B) state
C) a person, his rights and freedom
Final test:
3. What document sets out the rights of the child?
A) in the Constitution of the Russian Federation
B) in the declaration of human rights
B) in the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Final test:
4. Who adopted the Convention on the Rights of the Child?
A) the president of the country
B) UN
B) school principal
Final test:
5. Which UN body deals with the rights of the child?
A) children's fund
B) international monetary fund
B) an international bank regional development
No rights without
responsibilities,
no responsibilities without
right!
Comrades adults and children! We are all responsible for our future! Know your rights and obligations good people grow up!
18 Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, warship, and observance. Art. 19 Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. Art. 23 1. Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favorable conditions of work, and to protection against unemployment 2. Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work 3. Everyone who works has the right to just and favorable remuneration, ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection 4. Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests. Art. 25 1. Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and his family, including food, clothing, housing, and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age, or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control. 2. Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection. "Yearbook of the United Nations 1948/49", 1950.
Sections: History and social studies
Introductory word of the teacher:
Respect for human rights is a sign of a civilized society. However, how many examples in various regions, when this seemingly universally recognized provision is not implemented, the rights of citizens, even the most sacred ones, such as the right to life, are violated.
When it comes to human rights, it is much more manifested by the influence of customs, mores, features of the national character, and cultural values.
But before characterizing the history of the development of human rights, those features of each stage that humanity passed from primitive times to the twentieth century.
To do this, get acquainted with the Little Man and his adventures.
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We must help the Little Man solve this puzzle.
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This poster caused a different reaction from the townspeople.
People cannot be born equal, because they are men and women, old people and children, high and low: What does it mean to be equal?
Listen! said the Little Man. - To be born equal does not mean to be born people of the same height and type. Or equally strong and beautiful. To be born equal is to be born human. Small and naked. After all, no one has yet been born a minister with a briefcase or a general in uniform.
Teacher (organization of a mini-discussion) :
How do you understand the meaning of the poster?
What do you say to the Little Man?
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The path of mankind to the current understanding of human rights has been very difficult. Before, when there was no state and laws, human rights existed in the form of moral possibilities, moral norms.
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Each person is faced with the task of educating his character, the moral qualities of the personality simultaneously with the development of the mind. morality, being closely connected with the emotional and mental life of a person, turns out to be an external manifestation of his spiritual qualities and aspirations.
The essence of morality lies in a certain spirituality of the individual, its focus on certain values and goals, which is expressed in actions, behavior of a person, his relationships with other people.
VIDal: according to the concepts accepted by the people, the properties of the soul and the character of a person determine his mind and disposition. Temper expresses all manifestations of a person - good and evil, virtues and vices. It is believed among the people that the basis of a healthy spiritual well-being of a person is the agreement of his mind and character. "Good-equal, virtuous, well-behaved means agreeing with conscience, with the laws of truth, with the dignity of a person, with the duty of an honest and pure-hearted citizen."
Teacher:
Give examples from history.
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The mores of society and the concept of moral behavior are formed in each society in its own way.
Many religions in the world have general principles and systems of moral values.
Teacher:
What conclusions can be drawn from the analysis of universal principles?
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With the emergence of the state, laws appeared that translated human rights from a moral concept into a legal one. Rules of law have appeared that are permissive in nature, as well as prohibiting certain actions. With the emergence of law, the legislative consolidation of human rights begins, the protection of which became the responsibility of the state.
An important way to protect human rights is the codification (formulation) and publication of laws. The first set of laws - the Laws of King Hammurabi appeared in Babylon 4000 years ago.
Inequality of rights was supported by public morality, which considered the established order to be natural, and inequality as a just structure of society.
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In Athens, before the adoption of the "fair" laws of Solon, which are associated with the golden age of Greek democracy (2500 years ago), the cruel laws of the ruler Draconian ("draconian laws") were in force for two centuries. These codes of laws were developed by the rulers, not by the people. But already the ancient Greeks understood that there can be good and bad laws and that the latter should be changed. These assessments, which were given in ancient Greek democracy, can be considered a valuable contribution to the protection of human rights.
In ancient Rome, a clear and largely acceptable concept of justice was developed, which became the basis of European legislation (Roman law).
The Code (set) or Charter, which could limit the rights of rulers to approve unjust laws, is very different from the codes of laws created by the rulers themselves. A well-known example of such a code is the Magna Carta (Magna Carta). A group of Atmeian nobles forced King John to sign it in 1215, which kept the English monarchy from new taxes and from arresting people without trial: the principle began to operate - "Related to everyone, it is decided with the participation of everyone." Parliament began to meet in 1295 - the beginning of parliamentarism was laid.
The Renaissance (XIV-XVI centuries) marked the beginning of a new view of a person as a person endowed with the ability to independently build his life.
A new view of man was developed in the Enlightenment (XVII - the first half of the XIX centuries). at that time, faith in the mind of man, in the possibility of mankind to transform the world according to the laws of reason, dominated.
During the Enlightenment, the theory of natural human rights was created - innate, inalienable rights that should be recognized for any person just because he is a person.
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Let's help the Little Man understand the three main meanings of the word right.
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On July 14, 1789, the Bastille was taken, which marked the beginning of the French Revolution, the slogan of which was the words "Liberty! Equality! Fraternity!" The French Parliament adopts the "Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen".
The framers of the American Constitution declared the people sovereign and the source of law. In 1791, the Bill of Rights was adopted in the form of ten amendments to the US Constitution.
Human rights are a system of norms of behavior. Human rights exist, as it were, at the intersection of morality and law.
People fought and died for the establishment and observance of human rights.
Teacher:
"They die only for what makes life worth living" (Antoine de Saint-Exupery) Express your opinion on this statement.
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In the twentieth century, the recognition of human rights becomes the basis in international relations. The international recognition of human rights was one of the first steps taken by the United Nations. Universal respect for human rights is one of the ten principles of cooperation between states and peoples in the international arena.
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Human rights standards developed by international organizations are principles, norms and models of a general nature, accepted as the starting point for action or behavior in specific situations of ensuring and protecting a person and contained in official sources.
Let us list the groups of basic documents on human rights.
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Consider them:
- humanism - a system of ideas that recognize the intrinsic value of each person;
- human dignity - respect for the individual by virtue of the recognition of the importance for humanity of each representative of the human race;
All documents are based on the value foundations of human rights, that is, ideas and guiding statements about the essence and significance of rights.
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- Liberty - self-determination of personality; the ability to think and act without coercion from outside; the essence of nature and the condition of being a rational person;
- equality - the same legal significance, the balance of interests, an equal measure of the freedom of all people, regardless of their diverse social statuses;
- solidarity - unity, mutual assistance and support, mutual recognition, and hence the obligation to respect the rights of others, to responsibly use their own rights;
- Justice - optimal and harmonious combination of individual and collective interests on the principles of Good in the name of the preservation and development of man and mankind.
And the last question that needs to be clarified to the Little Man: the protection of human rights.
- self-defense - necessary defense, comradely mutual assistance;
- civil society - human rights organizations, consumer societies, associations of women, youth, environmental organizations, media, parties, advocacy, private detectives, etc.;
state:
- judicial (courts of general jurisdiction, the Constitutional Court, the Arbitration Court);
- non-judicial (Commissioner for Human Rights, Prosecutor's Office, Notaries, Commission on Human Rights under the President, etc.);
- international structures:
- interstate (UN structures, bodies of the Council of Europe, the International Court of Justice in The Hague, etc.);
- non-governmental (Amnesty International, International Committee of the Red Cross, etc.).
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Protection of human and civil rights- restoration of violated rights through the use of legal and other social mechanisms not prohibited by law.
Now let's check what the Little Man learned:
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| with the emergence of law, a new benchmark arises for determining the scope of what is permitted | Yes |
| during the Enlightenment, the theory of natural human rights was created | Yes |
| democracy means rule of the people | Yes |
| right and law are one and the same | No |
| December 10, 1948 - The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted | Yes |
| the declaration has the force that is binding on the states that signed it | No |
| human rights mean that everyone can enjoy them | Yes |
| it is enough for a person to have only rights and not to have duties | No |
| The United Nations has special bodies for the protection of human rights | Yes |
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