Presentation on the history of "ancient people". Presentation Ancient people presentation lesson for an interactive whiteboard around the world (senior group) on the topic Presentation on the history of ancient people

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Slides captions:

primitive people

The very first people who appeared on Earth looked like monkeys.

They walked leaning forward so that their long arms hung below their knees. The forehead of the man was low, sloping, and powerful brow ridges protruded above the eyes. His brain was smaller than that of modern man, but larger than that of a monkey. He was not yet able to speak and only made jerky sounds.

Chinless, with heavy jaws and overhanging brow ridges, Neanderthals looked somewhat bestial, but their brains were larger than those of modern humans.

The first people lived in caves in large groups.

These hominids lived in groups. The males were engaged in hunting, and the females collected edible plants and took care of the children.

Men made stone tools, including those that could butcher the carcass of a dead animal.

Primitive people successfully hunted elephants, rhinos, wild horses, bison, camels, wild boars, rams and antelopes. Hunting such large animals could not be successful with the primitive weapons they possessed. A group of hunters armed with stones and clubs attacked a bear, a bull or a mammoth. Some of the hunters hid in an ambush, while others, waving spears and burning branches, drove the animal to the ambush. The ambush was done as follows - they dug a large hole, dug spears at the bottom, covered the holes with poles and branches

Some of the hunters hid in an ambush, while others, waving spears and burning branches, drove the animal to the ambush. The ambush was done as follows - they dug a large hole, dug spears at the bottom, covered the holes with poles and branches

Having fallen into the pit, the mammoth could not get out and the hunters finished it off.

Then the dead animal was pulled out of the pit and dragged to their dwellings.

Hunters and gatherers were constantly moving from place to place. At night, they slept in caves or built primitive huts from branches and animal skins. The females collected firewood for the fire. Male individuals made stone tools, including those that could butcher the carcass of a dead animal.

People learned how to fish, which saved them when the hunt was unsuccessful.

Most hunter-gatherers lived in small groups, consisting of two or three families, who could easily subsist on large prey, such as a mammoth or bison. Probably, each group had a leader who made decisions and made plans. Hunters were armed with wooden spears with sharp stone tips. When throwing, wooden or bone devices, spear throwers were used, which allowed the hunter to throw a spear with greater force.

People found certain types of nuts, fruits and edible herbs. They discovered that bees collect honey, and with it the food becomes sweeter. People dug up the earth to find the roots and tubers of plants. Thanks to plant foods, it was possible to survive the difficult times when the hunt was unsuccessful. However, the most important food was meat.

People have evolved. The hunters were armed with spears, bows and arrows, knives, and for fishing they made fish hooks. They studied the surroundings to understand where herds might congregate or where prey might hide. Knowing the environment saved a lot of time and effort and made life easier.

Ancient people learned to sew clothes. They sewed it from mammoth skins. Such clothes looked like a fur coat. Clothes were decorated with beads, colored stones, sea shells. Usually the clothes were made by women. Primitive people who lived in the forests made their own clothes from tree leaves or grass.

But they were especially attracted by the shores of small and quiet lakes and rivers. There are many such rivers and lakes in the warm tropical countries of Asia. There was clear water, dense thickets rose up there, where many plants were edible. This is especially important! After all, hunters did not always return with prey, and communities often starved. On such days, only plants collected by women served as food. Women noticed in what places edible plants grow, and began to look after them - weed out, loosen the soil. In autumn, these plants were cut with curved knives made of bone with sharp pieces of flint inserted - sickles.

Human development

slide 1

Shilnikovskaya V.V.
The oldest people

slide 2

How do scientists learn about the life of people in the distant past? What is the definition of the term "world or general history"? What is the name of the 1st part of the General History? What does the history of the Ancient World study?
Checking Homework

slide 3

The face of ancient ancestors. The first tool. Hunting and mastery of fire. New words: tools, human herd, digging stick, axe.
Plan

slide 4

The appearance of primitive man
According to scientific data, primitive people appeared on Earth more than 2 million years ago. People descended from monkeys, but not from those who live in our time in the southern forests, but from long-extinct monkeys, whose bones are found in the ground.

slide 5

The first tool
How are ancient people different from people of our time? How are ancient humans different from apes? What is called a tool? What could primitive people do with this tool of labor? Write in a notebook: WORK TOOL - this is what a person works with.

slide 6

Hunting and mastery of fire.
Write in a notebook: The human herd is the oldest collective of people in which they worked and passed on their skills by inheritance. - Think about how people could master the fire?

Slide 7

Adventure of a prehistoric boy
... Krek told everything that happened to him, why they could not return to the cave in time. He tried to pity the old people. We hoped to get a lot of food for everyone, - the boy finished his story breathlessly, - and only then did I leave the cave. Leaving, I made sure that the fire did not go out, but would live until our return. The fire died ... - one boss grumbled. - And let him be avenged.
Krek and Ojo looked around in bewilderment. The wild cries for revenge grew louder and louder. In vain did the brothers look for a glimmer of pity on the faces of the elders and hunters. All faces were contorted with despair and rage, fierce determination shone in all eyes. The oldest chief stood up, approached the children, grabbed their hands and...

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Slides captions:

The life of primitive people The work was done by a primary school teacher Bochkareva L.M.

Primitive people are called people who lived before the invention of writing, before the appearance of the first states and large cities.

A long time ago, people looked very different. They looked like monkeys.

People didn't know how to talk yet. Lived in a group of 10-12 people.

They knew how to make the simplest tools from stone. © Zhadaev D.N., 2005 Stone tools of the ancient people

They could not hunt yet, so they took prey from predatory animals, and used sticks and clubs for this.

All people, animals and birds were very afraid of fire. But people realized that fire gives warmth and meat baked in coals is tastier.

Many years passed and people learned to hunt and make wooden spears with stone or bone tips. They ate the meat of animals, made clothes from the skin, and tools from the bones.

Even the most intelligent animals are not able to invent tools. Only people knew how to sharpen stones, grind digging sticks, or perform other work.

© Zhadaev D.N., 2005 Consider the most ancient tools of labor. Determine which of them are a pointed stone, a digging stick, and a club. Try to determine for what purposes these tools served.

© Zhadaev D.N., 2005 GATHERING AND HUNTING GATHERING is the gathering of prepared types of food: roots, wild fruits, mollusks, etc. In primitive society, gathering coexisted with hunting and fishing. Think about whether modern people use gathering. Give examples.

Another activity (but not as important as gathering) is hunting, including mammoths and other large animals.

Hunting was usually for a large animal: mammoths, woolly rhinos, cave bears. Why? Successful hunting provided people with everything they needed for a long time.

For success in hunting, people went to the trick - they drove herds of animals to a cliff, or to a trap-pit, which was skillfully disguised. At the bottom of the pit were dug stakes. The beast, falling down, fell on them, and the hunters finished it off with stones.

About 10,000 years ago, mammoths disappeared. People began to hunt more small, fast-running animals. This led to the appearance of the bow and arrow. Man spied the idea of ​​a new weapon in nature. The bow made it possible to hit a target at a distance of several hundred paces.

In addition to meat, people ate grains of wild-growing barley and wheat. But when people noticed that the grains that had fallen behind the ground were sprouting, they began to sow the grain.

People began to deliberately sow grain in loosened soil. Thus, farming arose from gathering. The first farmers dug up the earth with a stick with a knot - a wooden hoe. Then they threw seeds into the ground. When the harvest was ripe, the ears were cut with a sickle. Grinding the grains on flat stones (grain graters), they obtained flour. ▲ A woman with a hoe. Drawing of our time ▲ Ancient Sickle Grain Grinder

From the harvest they learned to cook food, and for this they needed utensils.

© Zhadaev D.N., 2005 TRIBAL COMMUNITIES AND TRIBE All relatives descended from one common ancestor. THE GENERAL COMMUNITY is chosen by the ELDERS The most experienced and wise representatives of the community (usually the elderly).

© Zhadaev D.N., 2005 Several tribal communities living in the same area constituted a tribe. The tribe was ruled by a council of elders. He sorted out disputes between fellow tribesmen and determined punishments, monitored the implementation of traditions and customs.

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Presentation on the topic "Ancient People"(§ 1 of the textbook History of the Ancient World for grade 5) consists of 11 slides containing 3 videos (“Climate change”, 01 min 47 sec, “Tools”, 00 min 22 sec and “Hunting methods”, 01 min 16 sec), 10 illustrations and diagrams .

Slides 3, 5, 7-10 have internal transitions.

View presentation slides (no animation):

To simplify the transfer of the resource on the Internet, the files are packed in a zip archive.

The self-executing file for this presentation is called 01_drevn_ludi.pps .

The presentation “Ancient People” was prepared as an illustrative material designed to help the teacher use the method of immersion in the past in the lesson.

Each teacher will create his own lesson architecture, but at first we all pay more attention to laying the foundation in the form of basic knowledge and skills.

Slide 4 with the video "Climate Change" should show the relationship between Nature and Man.

During the demonstration of the video, the teacher can talk about the changes on the Earth that contribute to the evolution of the human ancestor.

Teacher: The most ancient man was very similar to an animal, not only in appearance, but also in the ability to adapt to the environment. 8 million years ago, Africa was an impenetrable forest that gave our ancestors food, shelter, and protection. But at the thousand-kilometer depth of the ocean, processes began to occur that influenced both the appearance of Africa and the appearance of the human ancestor. Volcanic eruptions moved the plates, changing the surface of the earth. Where the future Hindustan collided with Asia, the plates began to crawl on top of each other, forming the 5-kilometer mountain ranges of the Himalayas. Here in the mountains the strongest storms and monsoons were formed, pouring rain, and Africa ceased to receive life-giving moisture with the air. The African tropics began to die out, and after millions of years only rare trees remained in place of dense forests. And the ancestors of man, in order to survive, were forced to get on their feet from all fours in order to see further while running from tree to tree and free their hands for the tools necessary for obtaining food. In order to survive, the ancestor of man had to evolve.

Slide 5 "The appearance of an ancient man"

The task of this slide is aimed at developing different forms of cognition in students. The proposed image of a primitive man is accompanied by the task of the teacher - to describe the person, to find differences from modern man, to conclude why the primitive man had such external features.

In the course of the work, empirical research methods are activated: observation and description, and as a result of an analysis based on the knowledge and ideas of students, conclusions are drawn that carry new knowledge.

The results of independent analytical work of students are checked (and confirmed) by the theses of the slide.

Similar work can be carried out on Slide 10, where the impact on human development and the mastery of fire is considered.

Students may be asked to consider how fire affected the lives of primitive people and how people could benefit from it. The transition of the image on the slide also tests (and confirms) the conclusions of the students. Moreover, sometimes the conclusions of students are wider than the abstracts of the slide.