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An example of drawing up a business plan for production. Samples for drawing up a business plan with detailed calculations

I know a lot about business planning. Planned and opened 3 family businesses. I compiled 4 business plans to receive grants and one subsidy from the Employment Center. I helped several friends formulate their ideas, edited dozens of documents for clients, and studied hundreds of materials from applicants - businessmen applying for a loan.

For two years I worked at a business financing institution. Beginning and experienced entrepreneurs applied for funds, and we assessed the prospects and payback of the idea, drew up a business plan or adjusted the client’s existing calculations. Information about the applicant was presented at a meeting of the credit committee, where a collective decision was made to issue the requested amount or to refuse.

To convince all credit experts to vote “for” financing, it was necessary to analyze all possible risks of the project and find solutions for any situation, protect the lender’s money from all sides, and provide escape options if everything goes according to a negative scenario.

The discussion of business projects at the credit committee was structured as follows:

– What if he divorces his wife, who will sell in his store, since she is now standing behind the counter herself?

– Hire a second salesperson. By the way, the wife acts as a guarantor for the loan, so she will take on half of the debt during the divorce.

– What will happen to the debt when the “off season” for sales comes?

– In the off-season, I propose to reduce the monthly payments in the schedule so that the client “pulls” this amount during the period of declining profits.

– What if his warehouse is robbed?

– The warehouse is guarded, but we still insure the inventory – this insurance company pays compensation within a couple of weeks without quibbles or delays, so the client will quickly recover losses and be able to order a new batch of goods.

Become such a strict commission for your own project and go through all the weak points of the business to find a plan B and C for any development of the situation. Discuss ideas and brainstorm with friends. It is better to find possible problems and think through their solutions on paper before opening a company, than to take risks and incur unnecessary expenses later.

Quite everyday situations can turn into a disaster for a micro-business and problems for a large enterprise. Take this into account when planning so that you don’t unexpectedly go into the red later.

My experience will help you create a business plan and get financing for it. It can be used when approaching private investors, requesting a bank loan, or obtaining a grant for start-up entrepreneurs from the local government.

Using the example of my new family enterprise - a small blacksmith's workshop - I will show you how to create a business plan to attract funds from the budget.

A business plan is a document that comprehensively describes the idea, project, work and results of such work. It takes into account everything from the launch schedule and recruitment to different development scenarios and payback periods. The full version of the document lists possible risks and options for minimizing them.

What are the differences from feasibility studies?

A feasibility study is a feasibility study for launching a project. The calculations in it concern only the necessary investments, upcoming costs, expected income, and payback period. It calculates the financial benefits of planned activities. A feasibility study can be drawn up when a separate issue is being resolved, for example, about transferring accounting to .

A business plan, compared to a feasibility study, covers a wider range of issues, including promotion and marketing of the project, organizational arrangements, and risk assessment. The social component of a startup is also considered here. A business plan is a more comprehensive document; it is needed when opening a restaurant or store.

Why do you need a business plan?

A business plan shows the seriousness of the entrepreneur’s intentions and the depth of his immersion in the topic. He needs this himself in order to understand what awaits him in the process, how to avoid problems and get money.

But this document is most important when raising funds. Without a business plan, an investor, credit specialist or administration employee will not discuss the possibility of issuing borrowed or budget funds.

Let's return to our forge. My husband and I need a business plan for internal use - to understand what startup costs will be needed, how much and what will have to be purchased, what and how to register for legal work, what income is possible, what to produce and how to sell.

But another purpose of drawing up a BP is to apply for a grant. Budget funds are distributed at the district level to support start-up entrepreneurs. It is possible to receive up to 300,000 rubles free of charge by passing a competitive selection, during which a commission evaluates the business plan and its indicators. To get around and get it, you need to correctly draw up this document and competently present your project.

Internal – for making management decisions. A businessman needs such a document for himself, for his partners, for his employees.

External – to attract financing and government support, search for an investor. It is compiled for communicating with banks, applying to the district/city administration for a grant or subsidy, and negotiating with possible partners.

The tasks that different business plans solve differ. You cannot draw up one document and go with it for a loan, for budget support, and in search of a private investor.

1. Money from the budget

Objectives of the business plan when attracting budget funds:

Demonstrate your vision of the project, convince officials distributing funds that you understand the chosen area and understand where to start. It doesn’t matter to them how and what you do during your work, the main thing is that your business stays afloat for at least 3-5 years. This is how long they track the fate of support recipients.
Choose a priority direction of development: make and sell what the market needs, provide services that are lacking in the area, satisfy the demand of different categories of the population. This is again important for improving statistics in the area, so that the authorities can report that the consumer market is developing.
Confirm the social significance of the project: job creation and employment of the unemployed, youth, disabled people, parents of large families - the more workers a business needs, the better. The number of new jobs is one of the criteria for evaluating the project.
Calculate the budgetary efficiency of the business - the volume of tax and non-tax revenues, including insurance premiums for employees and personal income tax; the more you plan to pay to the state, the higher the likelihood of providing a grant. Ideally, these revenues should cover the costs of providing you with a grant in a couple of years, and then cover them.

Consider all these points when drawing up a business plan in order to correctly place the emphasis.

All indicators of the business plan and forecasts will be checked after the issuance of budget funds - once a quarter, six months or a year, the commission will go to the site and request financial documentation and reporting from you, and compare the indicators with the planned ones. If you don't hire employees or start delivering products to local stores as promised, you may be forced to return the money because you failed to fulfill your contractual obligations. Therefore, on paper, do not inflate the numbers and do not embellish anything; approach planning more realistically.

2. Bank loan

If you decide to go to the bank for money, then a business plan for a loan will perform other tasks:

Prove the understanding of the project by the entrepreneur himself, provide a calendar plan that will help draw up a debt repayment schedule.
Calculate the amount of income and expenses taking into account mandatory payments to repay the loan.
List the risks of loan non-repayment and suggest possible ways to minimize them - guarantee, insurance, property pledge.

The lender needs the client to reach the planned income and be able to fulfill his obligations without delays or failures, even during an emergency. In a business plan for a bank, it is necessary to focus on this. He does not care about the number of jobs created or the amount of taxes paid; what is more important is the financial stability of the borrower.

3. Investor funds

The financial component of the project is also important for the investor; he needs information about the payback period of the investment. When investing his money, he must understand how quickly he will get some results - a return of money, a part of the profit.

The business plan should immediately provide for options for distributing profits between investors, providing them with a share in the company, and the degree of involvement in the work.

4. Internal resources

A business plan “for yourself” can perform any tasks and contain a wide variety of information about a future or existing enterprise. With its help, you can prepare a report for management and shareholders with calculations and arguments in favor of expanding production, opening a new outlet, entering the market of another region, or developing a product line.

In such a document, you can go into detail, describe all the nuances and take into account not only financial issues, but also organizational work, marketing policy, and production issues.

There is no universal business plan; you always need to understand what and for whom it is intended and draw it up with this in mind.

To receive a grant, the forge’s business plan must tell more about what it will provide to the area and what benefits the budget will receive from its opening.
Thus, it is necessary to indicate that the nearest forge is located in another area of the region, 200 km away, so the opening of a new enterprise will provide local residents with affordable products. And it will be suitable for household needs and satisfy the needs of all categories of the population - hardware tools, interior items, furniture.
It should be emphasized that in the first year the entrepreneur-blacksmith himself will be employed, and in the second year it is planned to hire another employee as an assistant. This will create 2 jobs.
It is also worth calculating in detail how many insurance premiums a self-employed entrepreneur will pay for himself and how much for an employee next year.
The employee’s salary must necessarily exceed the average salary in the relevant industry in the region. Thus, in the Novgorod region, statistics say that workers in the production sector receive an average of 32,000 rubles. Payments to the employee in calculations must be indicated no less than this amount.
This will need to be mentioned in the brief description of the project - that part of the business plan that will be read and carefully studied by all members of the competition committee.
If we went to the bank for a loan, we would focus on other details - payback, stable income, profitability, which allows us to repay the requested amount with interest.

Main sections of a business plan

Any business plan should contain a comprehensive description of the project so that important information is not missed. The main sections may have different names, be combined or divided into additional subsections, but their content must be in the document.

What sections does a business plan include?

Detailed content of sections of the business plan

What should we write about in the main points of this document in order to get a complete picture of the company’s development?

Business Description

date of creation, official registration of an individual entrepreneur or legal entity.

Distribution of shares in a company between partners, co-founders, investors.

Businessman experience before that – education, experience as an employee. It is not necessary to indicate your entire work history and attach diplomas, unless this directly relates to a new project. So, when a businessman planning to open a cafe has previously worked for several years as a manager in public catering, this will be his advantage. If he graduated from a university with a specialty in the restaurant business, then this is another point in his experience. And if all his life he has been turning nuts in a car service center, trained as a veterinarian and then suddenly decided to open a bar, information about education and experience will be superfluous.

Place of registration, business area. You need to indicate not only the address, but also the overall coverage of the territory.

Project goals and objectives. Here you need to describe the scope of activity, as well as measurable results - open 1 cafe with 30 seats, sell 500 kg of baked goods daily, etc.

I’ll show you how to describe an enterprise in a business plan, using the example of a forge. In the “Project Description” section there will be the following information:

IP registration date: May 2018.
The entrepreneur will run the business independently, without involving partners. The employee will be hired in the spring of 2019.
The entrepreneur spent a year doing forging in his home workshop. In the spring of 2018, I rented space for a forge on the production site, equipped it and continued working.
At the end of 2017, I completed a three-month course in “Hand Art Forging” at the Academy of Metalworking (St. Petersburg) and received the qualification “blacksmith” (a copy of the education certificate is attached).
The goal of the project is to open a forge in the N-rayon for the production and sale of forged products to the population.
By 2019, it is planned to produce products worth 250,000 rubles monthly.

Market assessment. You need to estimate the market capacity, population, and number of potential customers. It is quite difficult to do this without full-fledged marketing research. Therefore, it is worth looking for ready-made results of such an assessment for your region. In extreme cases, you can roughly predict effective demand.

The main thing is to formulate sales goals for yourself: will you work only within the microdistrict, open retail outlets throughout the city, take the products for sale throughout the district, or supply them beyond its borders.

How exactly you plan to reach your target audience, how you will choose suitable promotion channels, you will describe in detail in the “Marketing Plan” section, now indicate only the direction.

Competitors. Make a list of your competitors who are already operating in this market.

Not only direct competitors offering similar goods and services are taken into account, but also those companies that produce substitute products and provide alternative services. If there is no specialized tea boutique in your city, this does not mean that the market is clear of competitors: you will have to compete for customers with those department stores and supermarkets that also sell different types of tea.

There are no other blacksmiths engaged in artistic forging in the territory of the regional center itself or neighboring areas. The nearest company selling such handmade products is located 250 km away (in the regional center).
Factory-produced hardware and entrenching tools - pokers, staples, machetes, axes, accessories - are offered in 6 hardware stores in the district, but consumers complain about their low quality, and monitoring of goods has shown that such goods do not last long. Hand-forged products are more durable, and a local blacksmith can compete with factory suppliers, guaranteeing not only high quality, but also sharpening of the tool, its repair, and manufacturing to the required dimensions to order. Forged decorative interior elements and household products - door handles, hooks for gates and hinges for gates, hangers and hooks for clothes - are rarely found in stores; mainly plastic products are sold. Forged garden furniture - benches, gazebos, lanterns, tables - are not sold in the area.
These products are in steady demand among the local population. Handmade artistic forging products are bought not only by rural residents for their village homes, but also by summer residents, owners of tourist centers and country cafes.
The forge will supply goods to the market of the N district, enter into contracts with stores for the supply of products for sale, and participate in craft fairs in St. Petersburg and Moscow.

Production plan

Business processes. Write a list of equipment, tools, raw materials and supplies that are required to create the selected range of goods and provide services. Calculate the optimal production volumes that your equipment can handle. Indicate which employees and with what workload you will need.

Products. List the products, services and work that you will offer to clients. Calculations of the costs of organizing business processes will allow you to find out the cost and draw up a price list.

Starting investments. Calculate how much money you will need to start the project. Add up the cost of all assets, fixed assets, repairs, materials and other costs that will be required to begin production.

For example, this section might look like this:

To operate a forge, it is necessary to equip the room with ventilation, a forge, an anvil with a hammer, a vice, a table for cutting metal, a paint booth for processing finished products with heat-resistant paint, anti-rust and other coatings. All this has already been done by the entrepreneur himself.
The following equipment and tools will increase work efficiency and productivity: grinder for sharpening blades (40,000 rubles), grinder for cutting metal (5,000 rubles), grinder for processing forged products (10,000 rubles), automatic welding machine (20,000 rubles .), mechanical hammer (from RUB 150,000). The total cost of equipping the forge is 225,000 rubles.
In the manufacture of products, metal is used - profiles, sheet iron, fittings, wire. Raw materials are purchased in small wholesale from a metal warehouse in a neighboring area, delivery is carried out by the supplier’s transport. The cost of a batch of raw materials including delivery is 10,000 rubles. There may be 2-4 batches per month, taking into account the load and volume of work.
Forging requires coal and gas in cylinders. A combined forge allows you to process metal by heating it with coal or gas. The average monthly consumption of these types of fuel is 1,500 rubles and 2,000 rubles, respectively.
Supply and exhaust ventilation, electric. Used to maintain the required temperature in the furnace and remove combustion products from the room. Electricity consumption is accounted for by a separate meter in the forge and reaches the amount of 2,500 rubles per month.
During the first 9-10 months, the blacksmith will work alone, then it will be necessary to hire a worker as an assistant.
The forge is located on the territory of a carpentry shop, so there will be no problems with the manufacture of mixed products - from wood with forged elements.
List of products: benches, tables, bar stools, flower stands, fireplace sets (poker, scoop, stand for them), floor and wall hangers, coat hooks, latches and hinges for gates and gates, door and cabinet handles, lamps , coasters for the kitchen for hot dishes or for cutting boards, sickles, machetes, staples, knives.
The forge is already working, but not at full capacity. Grant funds are needed to purchase additional equipment. Replenishment of current assets and payment of current expenses will be made at your own expense.

Organizational plan

Organizational and legal form. Is an individual entrepreneur or LLC, or some other form of organization suitable for the implementation of the selected project? What is the rationale behind the choice? What taxation system has been chosen and why is it suitable?

Distribution of founder roles. If there are several partners, their role in the management and operation of the company is described. What will they do and what will they be responsible for?

Staff. What employees will be needed, who should be hired, who should be hired temporarily, what functions can be outsourced or performed independently.

Settlements with counterparties. How do you plan to receive money from clients? Do you need to open a cash register, buy an online cash register, or are there options for making payments in some other way?

Project Schedule. What needs to be done and when, which issues need to be resolved immediately, which ones - later. It is advisable to calculate the cost of each stage in order to clearly show when and in what volume financing is required.

For a forge, it is enough for a self-employed blacksmith to be an individual entrepreneur. This simplifies accounting and reporting. Accounting is carried out by the entrepreneur himself, using the appropriate online services provided to him by the bank.
A current account is used for settlements with clients and suppliers, and a cash register will also be purchased, although goods can be sold at fairs without it. A special deduction will be used when purchasing a cash register.
After hiring an employee, it will be necessary to register with extra-budgetary funds as an employer; before that, it is enough to regularly pay insurance contributions to extra-budgetary funds.
Activities are already underway. Upon receipt of the grant, equipment will be purchased, which will increase production volumes.
When budget funds are issued in July, within a month all the necessary equipment according to the list will be purchased and installed (for 225,000 rubles), and from August the productivity of the forge will increase several times. It is planned to hire a worker in the spring of next year - in March-April, before which the blacksmith will work independently.

This section is devoted to channels and methods of promotion, necessary actions to increase sales, and advertising costs.

Promotion channels. Advertisements in newspapers, commercials on radio and TV, online advertising, creating your own website and group on social networks, advertising in local public pages and forums, participation in exhibitions and fairs.

The target audience. Who should you target when organizing sales? Who is your client - by age, gender, occupation, income level. Where to find him and how to contact him.

Cost of promotion. How much will it cost to find and attract target audience? How often will you need to run advertising, what options should you choose?

In our example business plan, this section would look like this:

Financial indicators

It is necessary to calculate the cost of production, planned sales volumes, necessary costs, projected income and profit, and the profitability of the project. If there are many and different products, it is not necessary to provide all the calculations in the business plan; they can be included in a separate application, and all indicators can be calculated based on the average cost value. You need to show your own contribution to the project and the need for raised funds. If necessary, repay the loan - an approximate repayment schedule. When making payments to an investor, calculate his share of the profit.

Risk assessment

External factors. Emergency situations and natural disasters, negative impact of local authorities, a new competitor, a change in the economic situation and a drop in household incomes.

Internal factors. Incorrect assessment of the sales market, delays in deliveries, problems with personnel, errors in production, problems with renting premises, industrial accidents.

Options for minimizing risks. Insurance of life, health, property, liability to third parties. The opportunity to reduce prices, change the range, switch to other products, change the circle of potential customers, expand the sales market and find new buyers outside the area, region or country. Agreements with partners and contractors, good personal relationships with the authorities, a large number of qualified workers on the market who are looking for work, etc.

Working out some of the risks for the forge will look something like this:

At first, the income of the forge will depend entirely on the entrepreneur himself. Health problems or injuries will negatively impact work volume and profits. Industrial emergencies can be prevented by following safety precautions. Then it is planned to hire an employee who will take the increased load off the blacksmith himself.
Fire, accidents, equipment breakdowns, natural disasters - damage from these accidents will be covered by property insurance, which will be issued for the rented premises, equipment and tools in the forge at their market value. The forge had already passed a fire inspection, and representatives of the energy company were also present; they checked the electrical wiring, the forge hood, ventilation and fire alarms. There were comments, but all the shortcomings were immediately eliminated. The room itself, with a separate entrance, is located in a brick building and meets general production safety requirements.
If there are problems with rent, you can quickly move the forge to another location - there are enough suitable empty production areas in the area, the equipment is easily dismantled and can be installed in another location within 1-2 days.
With low demand for products and small trade turnover, the sales market will be expanded, agreements have been obtained to supply products for sale to hardware stores in other areas of the region, the most popular goods will be selected, and the assortment policy will be revised. There is no need to change equipment or rebuild work - it is enough to purchase other raw materials for the production of other products, for example, forged fences, window bars, gates and wickets, entrance lobbies and canopies over the porch.
If another competitor appears on the market, the entrepreneur will choose the most profitable niche and produce products that the new market participant will not have, or change the sales strategy and supply finished products to other markets.

Project Summary

This section contains the most important things: the essence of the project, the necessary investments, results after launch, development prospects, possible risks and ways to reduce them. The remaining sections with details will be read only if the summary of the business plan is of interest to the investor, lender, or official. So, think again about what the goal of your project is and identify the important metrics that meet that goal. Repeat what you will produce, how much income you plan to receive, what expenses will be required, how much money you will invest yourself, and how much you need to attract.

Common mistakes when writing a business plan

Very optimistic. Insufficient market knowledge. Lack of adequate risk assessment.
Copying other people's calculations. Using data without reference to reality and the specifics of the business.
Without taking into account the purpose and addressee. Lack of important indicators. A lot of unnecessary information and “water”.
Poor design, illiterate presentation of information, negligence in calculations. Confused presentation and lack of clear structure.

How to get money for a business plan

Studying the design requirements

When contacting a bank or municipal government to raise financing, ask for application guidelines. Often this is a simple and understandable list of necessary documents, as well as a list of requirements for the content and design of a business plan. Sometimes a template of this document is even provided with the sections and subsections already indicated. where you just have to enter your information. There are also wishes regarding its volume, a list of questions for analyzing the project, a list of important indicators that you must calculate.

Business plan protection

In some cases, it is necessary not only to draw up this document, but also to defend it before the commission. Bank employees will decide whether to issue a loan. Officials will assess your level of information proficiency in order to grade you for participation in the competitive selection for a grant or subsidy. The investor will get acquainted with your plans and decide whether he needs to participate in it.

With such protection, it is enough to retell the “Project Summary” section and say the main business indicators out loud, answer the questions of the commission members in order to convince them of your readiness and ability to use the raised funds in accordance with the plan.

Business plan for a small business from scratch: recommendations and samples with calculations

How to write a business plan correctly? We share recommendations, convenient methods, samples and calculations.

Business plan is the document from which implementation should begin. If you do not first calculate expenses and income, do not take into account demand and the presence of already operating competitors, you can waste your budget. In our article you will find a sample business plan with calculations and learn how to prepare it for yourself.

But when the development of a business plan for a small enterprise is needed specifically for investors, guarantors, and creditors, then the document must comply with the requirements of the Federal Small Business Support Fund. You can learn how to draw up a business plan in accordance with these requirements from, and we will look at the brief structure of the plan here.

Structure of a business plan from the Federal Small Business Support Fund:

If you follow all the recommendations of the Federal Fund for Support of Small Business, then it is quite difficult to draw up your own business plan. But there is another way to calculate the prospects of your project - using the SME Business Navigator.

How to write a business plan yourself

If you decide to open such a store, you will need to find the missing amount of 1.7 million rubles. Of course, you can take out a loan, especially since Business Navigator offers you to choose one of the partner banks. However, we must not forget that such interest-bearing borrowed funds increase the cost of the project and extend its payback period. You need to carefully weigh whether this is worth doing.
If you do not want to attract additional funds to the project, especially borrowed funds, then the navigator will prompt you to select the type of business based on the volume of investment. We go to the appropriate tab and see an extensive list of projects that you can start using only your own funds. All that remains is to select several areas that interest you and calculate their payback.

Now you know how to make a business plan with calculations for a small business in a specific situation. On the Internet you will find many more methods for writing and drawing up business plans, samples for different businesses (coffee shop, car service center, beauty salon, etc.). But remember - you need a business plan for your specific business, an individual one, and no one has ever written one for you. This video briefly and succinctly describes how to do this “on the fingers of a milling machine operator”:
Only important information for small businesses in our newsletter - subscribe:

I am glad to welcome regular readers and new audiences! Today we will continue the conversation about starting your own business. To help you, I offer a ready-made business plan with calculations for small businesses. And those who are used to relying on themselves will learn how to correctly compose it from scratch and adapt it for a specific case. When you read the article to the end, there will be no questions left!

Key factors for the success of a business plan: 3 main rules

A business plan is a document that brings an idea to implementation in a form understandable for an entrepreneur and investors. It analyzes the situation and describes the mechanisms of the systems involved.

The basis for drawing up the plan will be the following rules:

Determine the current level with an open mind. Are you employed but want to open a business? You will need to take into account what you have: skills, connections, availability of start-up capital and premises - everything plays a role.
State a specific result. Starting a business with the wording “I want to become rich” is dooming it to failure. Determine the market niche, profit level, turnover.
Think through the steps that will lead to the designated outcome. Be logical and conduct additional analysis if you are not confident in your knowledge.

Follow these rules whether you want to impress investors or are putting together a project for yourself. Constantly ask the question: “Why should a business succeed?” The key to success can be a successful product, the qualifications of the team, the influence of partners, etc. Having found the answer, use the advantage to the maximum, and the result will meet your expectations.

Business plan structure: main sections

Are you wondering how to create business plans for a small business yourself? Adhere to a clear structure, which will allow both you and your partners to navigate the document.

Title page design

The name of the project is written on the title page , indicate the volume of investment and the expected payback period. It is appropriate to provide information about the organization: address, contact numbers, full name of the owner.

Writing a resume: briefly about the main thing

The resume is the first section of interest to potential investors. To ensure that your acquaintance with the project does not end there, outline the essence of the idea. Focus on goals and objectives, list the necessary resources and methods for implementing projects. Be sure to highlight why the offer is unique.

Finally, let's get down to the numbers:

investments necessary for opening;
project launch date;
planned and actual terms of refund.

Finally, state your expected profit. There is no need to use lengthy stories about the benefits of the enterprise: it is enough to make a competent calculation.

Defining goals and objectives: be concise

The “Goals and Objectives” section defines the position you plan to occupy. Mention the technological processes necessary to achieve the result, but do not go into detail - you will provide information in the appendices. The main task is to tell why the offer wins against the competition. But avoid unsubstantiated statements, because every word must be supported by facts.

Do you want to emphasize the originality of the idea? List patents and copyright documents. Indicate ways for further development so that investors see the long-term benefits of cooperation.

Conducting market analysis, identifying the desired segment

By conducting a market analysis, you will determine the availability of niches. It is necessary to consider the internal state of the selected industry and the influence of external factors (for example, a difficult economic situation, shortage of personnel). Consider the risk of facing competition and tell us what advantages your product has.

To make your plan more effective, identify a market segment. You will need to create a buyer profile, taking into account the following:

age;
social status;
needs;
reasons why a client will contact you.

Having determined the portrait of a potential buyer and his needs, evaluate the capabilities of the enterprise. Particular attention should be paid to this part if you are planning to open a new business.

The description of a product or service is presented with an emphasis on the benefits of the consumer. Simply put, don’t tell us what a great product you have, but describe why the client needs it.

The list of characteristics and properties should include the following:

the product's name;
appointment;
listing the main properties and a short story about the minor ones;
definition of competitiveness;
availability of copyrights or licenses (if you are yet to obtain them, mention this point);
information on supplies, guarantees, availability of service;
description of appearance;
availability of certificates;
performance characteristics;
disposal methods.

Describing the items will make planning easier and help you understand which properties need improvement.

Marketing analysis and plan: promotion strategy

The task of marketing analysis is to develop a product image and determine a promotion strategy. Once you have outlined the circle of buyers and established the required volume of goods, think about ways to convey information to the audience.

It will be easier to formulate the needs of future buyers by answering a number of questions:

Describe what they are purchasing now that your product is not on the market. List popular suppliers, volume of purchases, indicate the average price.
The most difficult thing is to understand why a consumer prefers a certain product. When buying kitchen utensils, the client can choose a set with the largest number of components, rely on convenience, or appreciate an attractive design. You need to determine his motivation, which desk research, telephone surveys and expert interviews will help with.
Ask the main question: “How can I get people to buy my product?” It is possible to attract customers through advertising campaigns, participation in exhibitions, sending out flyers, and providing free samples.

The nuances of the work depend on whether the activity is aimed at a wholesale or retail consumer, whether you intend to attract legal entities or individuals, etc.

The basis of any business is a ready-made business plan. It helps to avoid many mistakes when creating and developing a company, allows you to convince investors of the advisability of investing money, and assists in obtaining the necessary loans from banking institutions.

Such a document contains detailed calculations of the profitability of the future organization, the payback period of the project, and the risks to which the company is exposed.

You can create a business plan yourself, spending time and money. However, most modern entrepreneurs prefer to use ready-made financial products containing high-quality and useful information. Why?

Main functions of a business plan

This document is the most important tool for the company, allowing it to select promising areas and determine how to implement them. It is a guide for execution and control, helping to manage the business. A well-drafted financial solution with detailed calculations performs several functions:

strategic. It is used to develop business strategy. This is a key function when organizing an enterprise or when defining new directions for the company;
investment. It is used to attract funds. It is extremely difficult for modern companies to manage without credit resources. Therefore, this function allows you to determine the optimal sources of funds and find potential investors;
planning. It is used to give a comprehensive assessment of the development of the enterprise being created, as well as to manage intra-company processes or a new line of activity.

As a result, the business plan provides the opportunity to analyze, position, comprehensively assess and control the future activities of the company, implement marketing courses, and develop personnel policies.

What advantages do ready-made documents have? What are the benefits of purchasing a business plan from a company that develops and compiles business plans for different areas of business?

Advantages

A business plan is the business card of an organization. By using a ready-made solution made by qualified specialists, the future businessman saves time and money that would have to be spent on independently carrying out the activities, analyzes and calculations necessary to draw up this document.

Moreover, such research is not a guarantee of a successful start to the project. Among the advantages of using a full-fledged financial solution performed by professionals, it is worth noting:

time saving. Having a ready-made document in hand, an entrepreneur can get a clear idea of the steps that need to be taken to achieve the goal. By purchasing a ready-made business plan, you can overcome all the difficulties of business with the support of professionals;
effective means of persuasion. For sponsors and investors, this document is the main proof of the validity of the idea of the business being organized, the potential of the enterprise to achieve a certain amount of income;
competitor research. A well-drafted document will help evaluate competing companies, identify their strengths and weaknesses, and determine a free niche that at this point in time can be occupied and firmly held, winning the favor of a potential audience;
direction of movement. An effectively and efficiently drawn up financial solution will help the company not only at the initial stage. With the right approach, it will allow the organization to constantly maintain the planned direction, making the necessary adjustments.

High-quality business plans are drawn up by an experienced team of specialists with extensive experience in a wide variety of fields. All materials are adapted for use in the Russian economy in the current situation.

The documents contain all the necessary calculations: calculation of payback, economic efficiency, profitability and other equally significant indicators. Applications presented in tabular form will help you independently determine the required values. For example, calculate the need for money for the purchase of specialized equipment until the period of time when these costs begin to pay off.

Features of use

A ready-made business plan is not only an opportunity to find an idea with calculations and recommendations for a wide variety of areas, but also advice on the main aspects of starting your own business.

In this case, we are talking about the most popular questions of novice entrepreneurs. What form of ownership to choose for the organization. What to consider when hiring specialists. Which taxation system should you prefer?

Today, many specialized organizations offer to purchase full-fledged ready-made business plans. Moreover, prices vary significantly. How to choose a provider of such a solution?

In this case, it is necessary that the proposed business plan contains not only general information, but also detailed calculations for all main areas of activity of the future enterprise. Competent suppliers of ready-made business plans calculate expenses such as, for example, the cost of social contributions for employees, tax optimization, and transfers of taxes and fees to the state.

The more complete the business plan, the more effective and efficient the activities of the future entrepreneur will be. You should not skimp on purchasing this document. After all, he is the main assistant in conducting market analysis.

It is he who summarizes the analysis of opportunities for starting or expanding a business in modern conditions and contains a structured description of all areas of activity of the future company.

By purchasing a business plan, an entrepreneur receives not only a comprehensive analysis of the main problems that he may encounter when organizing his activities, but also ways to solve them. The benefits of using a ready-made document are obvious!

Where to download a ready-made business plan with calculations

You can choose the solution that suits you among a large number of directions offered by our partner Biplane (

Business plan: sample and purpose of the document + reasons for drafting + 5 stages of creation + features of writing for investors and for personal purposes + structure + 15 tips + 7 illustrative examples.

Any actions must be planned and displayed on paper. This is especially true for entrepreneurship. Without business planning, i.e. detailed optimization of resources and determination of further tasks, even an experienced entrepreneur will not be able to achieve his goals.

That's why it's so important to have on hand sample business plan and compose it correctly. This material will help you with this.

Why and who needs a business plan?

There are several definitions of a business plan on the Internet.

Here are the most common ones:

Those. A business plan is a document that describes in detail the ways of its implementation. Thanks to it, you can thoroughly justify your project, evaluate the effectiveness of decisions made from all sides, and understand the feasibility of financing a particular activity.

The business plan shows:

business development prospects;
volumes of the sales market, potential consumers;
profitability of the project;
upcoming costs for the production and sale of products, supplying them to the market, etc.

A business development plan is a tool that evaluates the final results of activities for a specific period of time. It can be used to attract investors and is necessary in creating a business concept and company strategy.

Drawing up a business plan is one of the important, responsible stages of planning. It is developed both for those enterprises that produce goods and for those whose specialization is the provision of services.

Before writing a business plan, specialists or the owner of the company determine the tasks and means for their implementation. The developed document can attract lenders to implement ideas. For this reason, it is impossible to exaggerate its importance.

Purpose of the business development plan:

analysis of aspects of entrepreneurship;
competent management of finances and operations;
justification for the need to receive investments (bank loans, equity participation of companies in the project, budget allocations, etc.);
taking into account the financial capabilities and threats (risks) of the enterprise;
choosing the optimal direction of development.

Entrepreneurs write business plans for the following reasons:

Features of drawing up a plan for personal purposes and creditors

It is important to see the difference between a business plan, which is written for internal use, and a “front door” document, so to speak, to be transferred to creditors.

1. Create a plan for personal goals.

If you intend to use the sample business plan and write it for yourself, please note that it will be in the form of a practical guide to further actions.

In this case, the business development plan should answer the following questions:

What activities are you (will you be) involved in?
What product/service does your company offer to the market?
Who are the consumers, clients?
What goals should you achieve?
What means are needed to achieve the goals?
Who is responsible for completing certain tasks?
How long does it take to complete it?
What capital investments will be required?
What results should the actions lead to?

You need to understand that when drawing up a working document, you need to reflect the real state of things in order to know in which direction to move, what to do, what to strive for.

2. Document for investors.

When developing a business plan to present to creditors/investors, the methodology is different. The person or organization that will finance your enterprise should receive a document detailing the situation and main objectives.

You must convince investors that their money will be used rationally and indicate the benefits for them. A business plan must be drawn up logically, every action must be justified.

If you have doubts in any area, study it more carefully, because lenders will likely have “uncomfortable” questions regarding the program you outline. And the amount of initial investment to open/develop your own business will depend on how you answer them.

Confidence in delivery is also of particular importance. It’s good if you can display statistics in a business plan, citing the example of another company. This will increase your chances of receiving investment.

When writing a business plan, you should adhere to a business style and follow the structure.

Sample business plan: structure

Regardless of the purpose for which you draw up a plan, working with it takes place in 5 stages:

As a business creator, you will have no problem making up the first two points. But what should be the proper structure of a business plan?

Let's look at the main sections, what information they contain and how to compose them correctly.

No. 1. Title page.

It acts as a calling card for itself. It indicates: the name of your company, contact information, address information, phone numbers of the founders.

In addition, the title must contain the contents of the entire document (chapter - page number). When writing your title, be brief and present information concisely.

The total volume of the business plan is about 30-35 pages, including applications.

*Business plan (sample title page)

No. 2. Introductory part of a sample business development plan.

It takes up approximately 2 A4 sheets. The introduction describes the main aspects of your business, its essence, and what advantages it has.

It is necessary to write down why the product/service is attractive to buyers and what the expected profit is. If you intend to raise funds for your business, the introductory part indicates the amount of capital you need.

Typically, the introduction is devoted to the following points of the plan:

The introductory part is compiled last, because it describes the overall picture of the company's activities.
You can fully portray it only after studying all the nuances of the case.

You can study a sample of this and other parts of the plan at the end of this material - examples of this document for the main areas of business are collected there.

No. 3. The main part of a business plan.

The main section concerns the type of activity and all its key points, the cost of the project.

It consists of subsections:

production;
financial;
marketing;
organizational;
calculating business efficiency;
risks.

We will look at them separately.

At the end it follows final part. In it you need to summarize the work done and give a clear definition of the tasks.

Subsections of the main part of business plans

No. 1. Development of the production subsection of the business plan.

The main section of the document is the most capacious. Its subsections describe each aspect of your business.

For example, industrial shows what equipment will be used, what premises you have, how much money you will need to purchase and start a business.

This plan is also designed to help you calculate production capacity and determine the likely prospects for growth in production volumes.

In addition, it contains information on the full supply of raw materials, components, and covers issues about the need for labor, temporary and fixed costs of the business.

To ensure that the production subsection of the plan has a clear structure and contains all the necessary information, indicate:

How streamlined is the production process, are there innovative solutions;
methods of supplying resources, the degree of development of the transport system;
a complete description of the technologies and why they were chosen;
Do you need to buy/rent premises to run a business;
composition of the required personnel and all data about them, labor costs;
possible maximum volume of output;
information about suppliers, subcontractors of the business;
the cost of each product;
estimate mentioning current expenses, etc.

No. 2. Development of the financial subsection of the plan.

Financial plan summarizes all the presented data with economic indicators for the business, i.e. in cost terms.

This includes business reports:

Balance sheet plan (confirming the company’s ability to timely pay its monetary obligations).

About financial results, profits and losses.

It highlights the sources of profit, how losses occurred, provides an assessment of changes in business income/expenses that occurred during the reporting period, etc.

About the movement of money.

This report allows you to see operating results, long-term creditworthiness, and short-term liquidity.

The financial subsection of a business plan is also characterized by the presence of:

schedules of future financial activities,
descriptions of likely investments.

Carefully consider the possibility of investing, whether it will be profitable, and the target orientation of the investment. Write how you will return the funds raised into the business.

Try to ensure that the financial part of your business plan includes:

No. 3. Development of the marketing subsection of a business plan.

The marketing subsection concerns the analysis of the market for the products manufactured by your company. You must indicate in the plan the size, dynamics and trends of the market, its segments, and conditions.

In addition, the subsection informs about who the consumers of the business’s products are and what product promotion strategy will be used.

Here, consumption volumes are calculated, the estimated share occupied in the market, the levers used to influence demand (advertising campaign, pricing, product improvement, etc.), and business competitiveness are described.

It is necessary to evaluate your product from the consumer’s perspective, why it is attractive, what its consumer value is, whether it is safe to use, and its service life.

When drawing up a marketing plan, rely on the following points:

To draw up a marketing plan, information is taken from the external environment, relevant research and surveys are conducted, and professional marketers are hired to study the market situation.

No. 4. Development of an organizational subsection of the plan.

In terms of doing business, organizational issues are considered no less important. Therefore, in this subsection you are required to describe all the steps that will be taken to implement the project.

For example, as shown in the example in the picture:

It is better to present the information in the plan in tabular form so that the sequence of your actions is clearly visible. It would not hurt to mention the regulatory and legislative acts that regulate the selected industry.

In organizational terms, it is worth describing the management side, the responsibilities of all employees, the system of subordination and incentives (remuneration), and describing the internal regime of the company.

Remember that you need to follow the structure as in the example:

No. 5. How to calculate the effectiveness and probable risks?

In the penultimate sections, you need to give an objective assessment of the company’s performance, show the expected prospects based on the estimate, balance sheet, profitability threshold, and planned sales volume.

The business plan developer must write the payback period, NPV (net present value).

The best option would be to arrange this in a table, as in the example below:

Business risks should also be taken into account. Be sure to indicate in the plan what measures you will take to minimize them if they arise, and what self-insurance program you will resort to.

Experienced business plan authors pay special attention to risks, and consider the likelihood of the worst outcome. Making notes on how to resolve perceived difficulties will make your future work easier. If losses and financial losses occur, you will already know how to compensate for them.

When this section of the business plan causes difficulties, turn to experts for help.

A SWOT analysis of a business is often used for this purpose:

This is a method of identifying external/internal factors that influence business development.

Thanks to it you will be able to appreciate:

your weaknesses (for example, the need to rent a building, lack of brand recognition),
advantages (low price, high service, professional staff),
indicate opportunities (these may include the availability of funds for introducing innovations, the use of modern equipment, coverage of a larger market segment, etc.).

And, ultimately, threats that you cannot cancel occur are considered, for example:

economic crisis,
deterioration of the demographic situation,
increase in customs duties,
growing political tension,
tough competition, etc.

If you provide a clear and justified algorithm for solving risks in the document, this is guaranteed to attract partners and creditors for your business.

15 tips for beginners to competently draw up a business plan

very painstaking and complex. In the process of compiling it, many questions will arise. For this reason, most beginners make mistakes.

To avoid them and make your business plan worthwhile, follow these recommendations:

Before you start writing, it is better to look at more than one example of a business plan.

It’s easy to find illustrative examples on the Internet, and perhaps they will even relate to your line of business.

There is no need to “pour water”, thinking that the document is supposed to be voluminous.

A business plan should contain only important, realistic information that is interesting to investors and useful to you in running your business (as in the samples below).

Errors, corrections, and typos are strictly prohibited.
The business plan should reflect the possibility of your enterprise reaching a higher level and the strengths of the management team.
When developing a business plan, one cannot underestimate competition and possible difficulties.
If the information you want to display is sensitive, you should skip it.

Do not complete the document hastily.

Such a plan will not have the desired effect on creditors. If you are composing it for yourself, all the same, it should not look like a draft version.

Use more tables, graphs (as in the samples below).

Providing statistics in this way makes the material more visual.

Market analysis is often inaccurate.

Therefore, approach the marketing section responsibly and collect all the necessary data.

Be sure to include competitive and distinctive characteristics in your business plan.

Throw out too abstruse expressions from your business plan, as well as those that are understood ambiguously and demonstrate your insolvency.

For example, “a product that has no analogues”, “at the stage of consideration”, “ease of sale”, etc.

Take into account absolutely all business expenses.

Lenders consider this column particularly important. Therefore, they may have a lot of questions for you on such items as staff salaries, taxes, purchase of raw materials, etc.

Don't ignore risk considerations.

As mentioned, this will protect you from problems encountered on the way to achieving your goals, and will also allow investors to see you as a serious, responsible entrepreneur.

In your business plan, focus not on the first profit or big earnings, but on a stable cash flow.

Don't forget to include time limits.

Any task has a deadline (a quarter, a year, several years).

If you are not sure that you can complete a business plan on your own, even using the samples below, do not waste money on a specialist.

He understands this issue more than you, so he will draw up the document accurately, without technical, methodological and conceptual mistakes that you may make without proper experience.

A detailed outline of a high-quality business plan with explanations

you will find in this video:

Ready-made business plans (samples) for different areas of activity

The pharmaceutical business does not lose its relevance, because the need for medicines does not disappear. Moreover, most of the family budget, as a rule, goes to medicines.

Because of this, opening a pharmacy is a very profitable business.

Therefore, it makes sense to take a closer look at the example of drawing up such a business plan in this sample:.

If you want to enter a different field, consider opening a cafe.

There are quite a lot of similar establishments and the competition is great. However, the demand for them is growing. If you take into account all the aspects of the arrangement and offer healthy food, you will definitely be successful.

To draw up a document correctly, check out the sample cafe business plan!

The male half of the population may be interested in the idea of organizing a car service center.

The owner of a service station will not be left without income if the repair and maintenance of vehicles is outlined in detail with all the ensuing factors in the business plan.

Women will find it more pleasant to open a beauty salon.

We assure you that, regardless of the number of existing establishments providing cosmetic services, your “enterprise” in the beauty industry will be in demand. This is due to the fact that every client wants the salon to be nearby and not have to travel to another block.

Representatives of the fair half of humanity can delve into trading activities and create a flower shop. The main advantage of the idea is the small start-up capital.

This small business also requires planning. And although flower shops are not exactly popular in Russia, who knows, maybe you will change that.

To do this, you need to draw up a well-thought-out business plan (a sample of which you can study at this link).

Hotel business is a much more complex option, which involves taking into account many factors, especially marketing ones.

If you don’t know what size room you need or what investments are required, get the information you need in a standard sample:
business plan for a hotel.

The process of implementing a farming project is no less labor-intensive. But in this case, you will have the opportunity to receive financial support and benefits from the state.

A good sample plan that can attract public investors, clearly demonstrates the goals, .

The implementation of any idea begins with drawing up a business plan. Without it, it is impossible to determine the necessary tasks and understand the feasibility of investments and costs. Many businessmen needlessly ignore this fact and do not use this useful tool.

If you have no experience in writing, any sample business plan given here will help you understand all the drafting standards, thanks to which you can easily set yourself a guideline for further actions.

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