How to start the screw press for briquettes correctly. Do-it-yourself fuel briquette - step by step instructions

Plant debris such as agricultural waste, leaves and sawdust is an excellent fuel. However, if you want to use all this in conjunction with a conventional boiler, then you must first prepare pressed briquettes. If the fuel does not have a certain shape, then it will need to be thrown up every 5 minutes, and most of it will fall through

Buy or make

A briquette press can be purchased at a hardware store, but such a device is quite expensive. In addition, such an acquisition will be profitable only if you plan to organize permanent production. If you own a country house or private housing within the city, then such a device can be built independently.

The purchase of factory equipment for the formation of briquettes will cost from 300 thousand to 1 million rubles, the price will depend on the capacity of the unit. A private consumer who only needs to use such equipment from time to time will not be able to afford it. It is much easier to make a press from improvised materials, especially since there is nothing complicated in this design.

Some craftsmen use ready-made mechanisms, while others assemble the device from scratch. If you decide to use the latter solution, then the briquette press can be made from a lever and a screw mechanism. You can use your own weight on the lever. This design is made of wood, but for a screw solution you will need a lathe and steel blanks. A screw extruder can be done independently, but such an undertaking is expensive, because special high-quality steel will be used in the work.

Using a ready-made mechanism

A briquette press can also be made on the basis of a ready-made mechanism. To do this, you can either use a jack. The master will only have to supplement this node with a matrix and a punch. Any homemade device for pressing sawdust is not capable of providing lignin release. Instead, you will have to add third-party binders. Suitable for this:

• cheap wallpaper paste
• soaked paper;
• clay.

Clay should be added in a volume of 1 part to 10 parts of sawdust. If we are talking about soaked paper, then corrugated cardboard is used for this, which contains lignin.

Work methodology

If you decide to make a briquette press based on a screw and lever mechanism, you should know that there is no need to use purchased units. However, they will not have a high compressive force. That is why the press can be created on the basis of a hydraulic jack, equipped with an electric motor or a manual drive.

A punch is attached to the hydraulic installation, the dimensions of which must correspond to the dimensions of the matrix, it is in it that they will be formed into briquettes. The matrix can be made from a thick-walled pipe, which will be the easiest option. In order to allow moisture and air to escape, holes must be made in the walls of the pipe. The matrix must have a removable bottom. If it is removed, then the finished briquette can be pushed into the tray with a punch. The finished mechanism should be supplemented with two handles, which will ensure ease of transportation.

Preparation of materials

A do-it-yourself briquette press can be made from a steel sheet and a corner. The corner should be equal-shelf with a side of 100 mm. The steel sheet should have a thickness of 3 to 6 mm, a punch is to be cut out of it. The die diameter determines the thickness of the workpiece. From this sheet it is necessary to make a removable bottom.

Preparation of the main nodes

A do-it-yourself briquette press can also be made from a pipe and galvanized steel. The pipe should have a diameter ranging from 25 to 30 mm, cut the punch rod out of it. The blank for the matrix must be made of a thick-walled pipe, the diameter of which will depend on the size of the briquettes.

If the briquettes turn out to be thin, then their density will increase, and the productivity of the machine, on the contrary, will decrease. A pipe of impressive diameter is suitable for the mixer body, and if one is not found, then it can be made from a sheet of iron. When a press is being made, two trays should be made, one of which will be used to receive the finished product, while the other will be used to load the prepared material.

Assembly instructions

The channels will go to the base of the device, while 4 racks should be made from the corner, each of which will be 1.5 m long. They are installed and fastened vertically, the distance between them should be the same. At the next stage, a drum, which is necessary for mixing, should be made from a sheet of iron or a finished pipe.

If you have a broken washing machine, you can borrow the drum from it. This element is fixed to the racks. If necessary, it can be supplemented with an electric motor. If the motor turned out to be too high-speed, it is necessary to use a gearbox, because sometimes it is not possible to reduce the rotation speed to the desired value due to the difference in the diameters of the pulleys.

And we continue to assemble a press for fuel briquettes with our own hands. At the next stage, a tray is fixed under the drum, through which the material will flow into the matrix. Holes with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm must be made in the walls of the pipe used as a blank for the matrix. They are distributed as evenly as possible. The matrix should be fixed on the flange to which the removable bottom is fixed. It should be made of steel sheet, giving the appearance of a disc with lugs.

When a sawdust briquette press is made, the technology must be followed. After reviewing it, you can understand that the matrix should be strengthened under the loading tray to the base, and this can be done using mechanical fasteners or a welding machine. A round punch should be cut from the steel sheet, the diameter of which will allow the element to enter the matrix. For the manufacture of the stem, you will need a 30 mm pipe, to one side of which the punch is welded, while the other end is attached to the hydraulic installation.

Features of the manufacture of a screw press

A screw press for making fuel briquettes with your own hands can also be made, but the work will be more complicated. Using such a mechanism, it will be possible to provide an extrusion method for the manufacture of briquettes, which is often considered on the example of a home meat grinder or juicer.

For the operation of such equipment, the raw material will need to be placed in a receiving hopper, from which it will be moved by an auger into a tapering conical channel. At this stage, compression occurs, and the screw press will develop a very high force. As a result, it will be possible to get real firewood from sawdust, which will look like a hexagon. In the process, they undergo heat treatment and are cut off with a special knife.

In order to better understand the structure of such a mechanism, you should take a look at the drawing, which is presented in the article. Even if you use a hydraulic jack in a homemade press, you will not be able to create a force greater than 300 bar. Therefore, it is necessary to abandon the factory technology where water is not used. This is due to the fact that briquettes cannot be obtained without binding components. As practice shows, it is most difficult to make a screw press for sawdust briquettes with your own hands. The reasons are banal. It is not so easy to make parts on your own, and production costs will be high. For the case, it is necessary to take high quality steel, and an electric drive is also useful. This design requires a motor with a minimum power of 7 kW. Further, the matter is small: you just have to put everything together using the drawing.

Conclusion

A churn briquette press is made using the same technology as described above, when the design is based on a drum from a washing machine. In this case, the only difference will be that a spring with a disk of the same diameter as the punch should be welded to the bottom of the die. This will increase the efficiency of the equipment, because the extraction of briquettes will take less time.

Many modern private houses are equipped with solid fuel heating systems that involve the use of coal and wood. Such heating boilers can also work on pellets and fuel briquettes, which are made from wood waste. To improve the energy efficiency of alternative fuel, it is compressed using special equipment that you can make yourself. To do this, you will need high-quality and detailed drawings of a screw press for sawdust, which can be found in specialized books or on the Internet. Consider step by step the features of the device of such equipment and assembly in this article.

Features of the design of the press

Pressing equipment for the manufacture of fuel briquettes is a mechanical device that consists of the following elements:

1. Base - usually represented by a table, which is used to attach the main structural elements of the press.
2. The matrix is ​​one of the main components of the device, which forms its main form.
3. Power frame. This piece of equipment is attached to the base. Its main task is to transfer force to the compressible raw material, which is carried out through the punch.
4. Drive unit. Depending on the type of screw press for sawdust, a mechanical or manual type of impact can be used:
   • For manual drive equipment, an additional lever is used, with the help of which the user's force is transmitted.
   • Mechanical - hydraulic booster or electric motor.

Operating principle

Before you make a sawdust press, you need to understand the basic principle of making fuel briquettes:

1. The raw material is poured into a matrix designed for this purpose and compacted.

Important! Try to load the equipment with the maximum possible amount of raw materials.

1. With the help of a system of levers, the main force is transferred to the punch.
2. This structural element compresses the loaded raw material, forming a dense briquette from it.
3. The form must be unfixed, and the fuel material must be sent to dry.

Important! Materials such as wood chips, sawdust, waste paper, seed peels and nutshells can be used as raw materials for this appliance.

Do-it-yourself screw press for sawdust

If you need to make fuel briquettes for personal use and in small volumes, then a rational solution would be to make a screw press with your own hands. If you have design experience or technical education, then it will not be difficult to independently create a graphic image of the device. If you are not confident in your own abilities, then you can use one of the professional drawings.

Kinds

The most popular models of homemade screw presses are the following types of devices:

Necessary materials

To make the device, you may need the following materials:

1. A set of tools for carpentry work, among which the main role is played by pliers, hacksaws for metal and wood, a hammer, files, screwdrivers and other abrasive devices.
2. Electric drill or screwdriver.
3. A set of drills for wood and metal.
4. Apparatus for manual welding.
5. Wood and metal semi-finished products - boards, profiles, etc.

Device manufacturing process

Directly manufacturing a screw press for sawdust must be carried out according to the following instructions:

1. Carefully study the existing drawing of the future device for creating solid fuel briquettes.
2. Perform separate work on the preparation of elements of the future press. At this stage of production, semi-finishing of parts should be performed and the necessary holes should be made.
3. Carry out the final assembly of the device. To save your own strength and time, this stage of work is recommended to be carried out as quickly as possible to the future place of use.
4. Perform commissioning work, for which create several briquettes using 40-60% of raw materials from the maximum possible design characteristic.

Advantages and disadvantages of homemade fuel briquettes

The most rational would be to manufacture a sawdust screw press if you have your own wood production or the ability to purchase waste at a bargain price. However, it should be borne in mind that despite the low cost of such fuel, it still has a number of disadvantages:

1. After drying, home-made briquettes are quite light, due to their low density.
2. The specific heat from combustion of such materials is three times lower than when using wood.
3. The process of independent production of fuel briquettes takes a fairly large amount of time and requires considerable effort.
4. In connection with the need to create large fuel reserves, their storage is difficult, because it is necessary to prevent the briquettes from getting wet.

A variety of materials are used to power solid fuel boilers - these are traditional firewood, sawdust, eurofirewood, fuel briquettes and much more. Alternative types of fuel have higher calorific value and compactness. And some varieties of such fuel can be made independently. In this review, we will tell you how to make fuel briquettes with your own hands and what is needed for their production. We will also cover the following points:

• Scope of fuel briquettes;
• Their advantages and disadvantages;
• Production of equipment for fuel briquetting.

Homemade fuel briquettes will delight you with the convenience of ignition and a lot of heat.

A little about fuel briquettes

The production of fuel briquettes from sawdust with your own hands can be set up in any utility room or on the street. The resulting fuel is used to kindle solid fuel boilers of various modifications. Nothing prevents them from heating ordinary stoves and fireplaces. In a word, the scope of their application is extremely large, and they are becoming increasingly popular.

Any fuel briquettes, including those made by hand, are waste fuel. For its production, dried grass, peat, seed husks and the most common sawdust left after wood processing are used. Previously, they were often sent to the scrap, but today they receive a second life, like any other recycled materials.

Sawdust in briquettes is used for heating private households, small country houses, decorative fireplaces, industrial and any other types of premises. Let's take a look at their benefits:

• Higher calorific value - fuel briquettes are able to give off more heat energy than ordinary firewood. This is due to the fact that they are made from compressed waste - the pressure during their production reaches the highest values;
• Ease of storage - traditional firewood does not have a convenient form for storage. As for the briquettes, they are easily folded into beautiful stacks;
• Ecological cleanliness - the technology for the production of fuel briquettes does not provide for the use of toxic components;
• Versatility in use - fuel briquettes are suitable for firing any solid fuel units, including home-made ones;
• Low cost - due to the fact that production waste is used for their manufacture, which would still be sent to a landfill;
• Smooth and accurate burning - they do not crackle and do not scatter coals.

They also have certain disadvantages:

When wet, the briquettes become practically useless, so experts advise storing them in their original packaging for as long as possible.

• Fuel briquettes, including those made by hand, are afraid of dampness - therefore they cannot be stored in damp places. At the same time, ordinary firewood can easily get wet, and nothing will happen to them (but this does not mean that they can be wetted all the time);
• They are not sold everywhere - and indeed, in areas where there are often no gas pipelines, it is easier to get ordinary firewood;
• Difficulty in ignition - the high density of the material affects.

However, they are in some demand.

Please note that it is impossible to achieve at home the pressure necessary for the manufacture of fuel briquettes that are close in characteristics to the factory ones.

factory production

Before we tell you how to make fuel briquettes from sawdust with your own hands, let's talk about factory processes. As we have already said, briquetted fuel is very dense. And this is achieved due to the gigantic pressure created by extruders and powerful presses. Equipment for the production of factory fuel is very complex, but it is also more efficient - it allows you to get fuel with the above characteristics.

The main raw material for fuel briquettes is sawdust - they are collected at woodworking enterprises, where they are considered waste for recycling. Next, their moisture content is checked, after which the sawdust is sent to dry so that excess moisture is removed from them. Excessively large sawdust undergoes additional grinding. Many other components can be added to sawdust - husks, dry grass, crushed coal, leaves and much more.

The production of fuel briquettes ends with the briquetting process. Raw materials are fed into extruders or under powerful presses. Here it is compressed, as a result of which eurologs, briquettes or pellets are born. Artificial adhesive bases are not used here, the substances contained in the feedstock are sufficient - under the action of high pressure they combine the pressed mass into a single whole. Ready-made fuel briquettes are ready to go to customers.

The last process of making briquettes is their cutting and packaging, after which the products go to dealers and sellers.

Self-production

Making fuel briquettes from sawdust at home involves some difficulties:

You can assemble a simple home-made press from improvised materials within 10 minutes, but the benefit of such a device will be extremely low.

extremely cheap raw materials, then there will be no problems with the manufacture of home-made fuel briquettes - prepare materials and equipment, get to work. With the help of a manual press, you can make pellets from leaves, as well as briquettes from tyrsa, sunflower husks, sawdust and much more that is at hand.

Please note that fuel briquettes made from leaves will smoke great. You should also question the calorific value of such homemade products - it will be low.

Let's see what we need in order to start making fuel briquettes with our own hands:

• It is necessary to make a press for briquettes - it will press the feedstock. If you have access to a professional press, then this is a plus;
• Raw materials should be prepared - we recommend using seed husks, sawdust, cardboard, paper and coal dust. You can also stop at just one component;
• Prepare binding materials - this is some kind of glue and clay.

Let us explain why it is impossible to do without binding materials in the manufacture of fuel briquettes with your own hands. In factory conditions, raw materials are exposed to very high pressure, amounting to tens and hundreds of atmospheres. It is not surprising that the output is a dense and durable compressed fuel. It can be cut and sawn without fear of destruction. As for home conditions, a homemade briquette press will not be able to create a similar force, so binding components are used here.

How to make a briquette press

Briquettes made using such a screw press are often in no way inferior to their inexpensive factory counterparts.

To begin with, let's consider the design of a simple piston press - for this you need to take a cylindrical metal base (it must be removable) and select a piston press suitable for it in diameter. Next, we make a lever that will set the piston in motion. The whole thing is strengthened on a metal frame - the simplest press is ready. True, the density of fuel briquettes made in this press with your own hands will be small (depending on the effort applied).

You can also build a screw press - this will require a metal frame through which a metal screw with a piston will scroll. At the top of the screw we make a gripping handle, with which pressure will be created. With the help of such a press you can get excellent fuel briquettes.

There are dozens, if not hundreds, of homemade presses for making do-it-yourself fuel briquettes. Which design to choose is up to you. But remember that the pressure should be as high as possible.

Raw material preparation

Now you know how presses are made. We proceed to the next stage - to the selection and preparation of raw materials. To make fuel briquettes with your own hands, you can use old paper, cardboard, vegetable waste, coal and sawdust. If you will make fuel from cardboard and paper, soak them in water, wring out and let the remaining moisture drain - you can use the resulting base to make briquetted fuel.

If you plan to make fuel briquettes from vegetable waste, peat and sawdust, mix them in a suitable container, add a little water, a little wallpaper glue and clay (add some paper to improve combustible properties). The last two components will play the role of binding materials. The amount of clay is 1/10 of the total amount of combustible components.

Pressing process

Well-made fuel briquettes often have a very unsightly appearance, but this does not affect their effectiveness in any way.

The most important stage has come - it consists in pressing the prepared raw materials. To do this, we assemble and check the press, clear a place for storing finished pressed blocks. Please note that after the press they will be damp and sticky, so you can’t stack them on top of each other - they will just stick together. To place fuel briquettes after pressing, we recommend using a sheet of plywood or flat slate.

Nothing prevents the use of any other flat surfaces available for storage of fuel.

We install a removable container in the press, which will include the piston. We send there a small amount of previously prepared raw materials. We press the handle of a home-made press, making sure that as much water as possible comes out of the raw materials. One pressing takes about 30 seconds. As soon as you make sure that the compressed mass contains a minimum of moisture, remove the piston and remove the almost finished fuel briquette - it is sent to dry.

Similarly, we process and press all previously prepared raw materials, putting the finished products in a pre-prepared place.

Drying and use

Our self-made fuel briquettes are almost ready - it remains to send them to dry under the hot sun. As a result of drying, they will lose maximum moisture, after which they can be stored in any random order. Please note that, unlike factory-made products, they will turn out to be light - the lack of pressure affects. Now you can try to flood the stove with them, using lighter fluid or placing dry paper under the finished fuel briquettes - they will be ignited much easier than their factory counterparts.

You can improve your home production by buying a ready-made factory press and making several molds at once - this will increase productivity and increase the density and calorific value of your own fuel.

Video

Many people are accustomed to using firewood for burning stoves. It takes a lot of time and labor to prepare them, and they are not cheap.

An alternative and inexpensive option for heating various rooms are sawdust fuel briquettes, which you can not only buy, but also make yourself. Woodworking waste is pressed into special forms.

Fuel briquettes will replace firewood and coal, and sawdust left after processing trees is used for their production.

Advantages of fuel briquettes

1. The main advantage of fuel briquettes is their higher combustion temperature. Due to the low humidity and higher density, they have a much higher heat transfer than firewood.
2. They are convenient during transportation and storage. Due to the correct shape and high density, briquettes have a greater mass than firewood with the same volume.
3. Made from wood waste. Due to this, their price is much lower than for coal or firewood.
4. Easy manufacturing. Knowing the technology method, you can easily make sawdust briquettes with your own hands.
5. With low humidity, they emit less smoke and soot, and practically do not pollute the chimney.
6. They have an even burn. During the firebox, they do not crack and do not scatter coals.

To know how to make briquettes for furnace from sawdust, you need to study the method of their manufacture, have special equipment and select the right raw materials.

Raw materials and technology for making briquettes independently

For the manufacture of a compressed product, sawdust is first of all needed.

You can buy them at sawmills. For independent processing, you can find the remains of wood in other places. For example, many small residues are formed during logging. You can find scraps in workshops where wood products are made, as well as in factories that make furniture.

For the preparation of briquettes, trees of any variety are suitable. Sawdust must have:

• sizes up to 6 mm;
• humidity should be no more than 12%;
• rotted chips should not be more than 5% of the total mass of waste.

For the preparation of briquette fuel, ordinary clay is required, which is a binding element. During factory production, a mixture of sawdust is subjected to high pressure and a dense, compressed fuel is obtained at the output. At home, the press cannot create such forces, which is why connecting elements are used.

The production of fuel briquettes from sawdust is based on three main stages:

1. Preparation of raw materials. The prepared waste is crushed and crushed so that a homogeneous consistency is obtained.
2. Production of pressed molds. With the help of a special machine, the raw material is pressed under pressure.
3. Bringing the mass to the finished state by drying. This is done on a drying machine or naturally under the sun.

To equip a briquette factory at home, there is no particular need to purchase some expensive machines.

Raw materials can be dried under the sun - this eliminates the purchase of a dryer, and if you purchase ready-made sawdust, you will not need a crusher. Of the equipment for the production of sawdust briquettes, you only need a press machine, which you can make yourself with a little effort and spending a small amount of money.

It can also be purchased ready-made. It is possible to choose a machine from several options:

1. Hydraulic. The sawdust is pressed by hydraulic compression.
2. Screw. Squeezed out by a screw through a spinneret.
3. Shock-mechanical. The sawdust is pushed through the die by a piston.

The price of a machine for making sawdust briquettes depends on the brand and capacity of the equipment. Look at the cost of impact mechanical presses in the table below:

When buying a press, you must consider all their pros and cons.

Make a press with your own hands

When making a homemade press, you need to decide whether it will be a mechanical or electrical design. A mechanical press gives a small volume, but at the same time it does not depend on electricity.

Homemade press is conditionally divided into three groups:

1. With manual drive. A frame is made from a steel pipe, which, for convenience during use, can be attached to the wall. In its lower part, a mold is fixedly installed, and a lever is attached to the top. For convenience, the form can be made with a removable bottom. A pressure element is added to the lever, which enters the inside of the mold, leaving a small gap.
2. With the use of jacks. The sawdust press is mechanized with a jack as a lever.
3. With hydraulic drive. Mounted on a support frame, the support point is pointing down.

Preparation of raw materials

This process takes a little time, but it is desirable to maintain the correct proportions of all ingredients:

1. Too large sawdust is additionally crushed and crushed into smaller fractions.
2. A little water and clay are added, which helps to bind all the elements.
3. To improve the combustible properties, you can add a little paper.
4. All ingredients are mixed into a homogeneous mass (manually or mechanically).

Clay must be evenly distributed throughout the volume of sawdust, it is the main binding element.

The process of creating briquettes

The resulting composition is placed in a special form and the mechanism of the press device is put into operation. When making by hand, the lever should be held until the water has completely drained.

With the help of the machine, the process is much faster and easier, the productivity of work increases, and there is no need to exert physical effort.

During briquetting, the mixture under pressure begins to heat up and due to this, sintering occurs. In some machines, the mixture is preheated with the help of heating elements when it enters the auger. During briquetting, the main thing is not to overload the mechanism and monitor the uniformity of the mixture.

To obtain more durable and not crumbling briquettes, it is necessary to cover the walls and bottom of the mold with rags or paper, and only then fill in the mixture and press.

Drying cheap fuel

If there is no special dryer, then it is necessary to prepare a place for drying the briquettes. After the press, they will be sticky and wet, so it is not recommended to stack them on top of each other, they can stick together.

Removed from the mold, the products are laid out to dry in the sun or in a well-heated room. During drying, you can use paper or rags that can draw the rest of the moisture out of the briquettes.

After drying, it is desirable to pack them, this is necessary to protect against external factors. Compared to factory-made products, home-made briquettes are much lighter, due to the lack of pressure.

Worth remembering! The drier the fuel, the greater its heat transfer.

Use of fuel from waste

The product can be used for various purposes:

• fuel can be used while cooking indoors. When using it, there is no smoke and soot smell, and food is cooked evenly;
• heating of residential buildings. The dense and small shape of the produced briquettes is perfect for stoves, fireplaces and boilers;
• used for heating baths, saunas and greenhouses. Suitable for all environmental standards;
• These products are good to take with you during outdoor recreation. When burning in barbecues, the briquette does not smoke, and the heat persists for a long time. When grease gets on the fuel, ignition does not occur.

The process of making briquettes with your own hands is quite simple, and when using them, two problems immediately disappear:

• garbage and dust in the house, which are usually present after the use of firewood or coal, is excluded;
• eliminate the need for frequent fuel loads, home-made products light up easier, burn longer and give more heat than conventional firewood.

In addition, it is quite efficient, cheap fuel and you can save money by using self-made briquettes.

Waste from wood processing (wood chips, sawdust), waste paper, husks from plant seeds (sunflower, cedar) are used as raw materials for their production. In principle, these wastes can be incinerated in a furnace without additional operations with them. But then the combustion rate increases sharply, the heat literally flies into the pipe.

Pressed raw materials have a longer burning time, the economic efficiency of the furnace increases. To obtain fuel briquettes, special equipment is used - briquetting presses.

Description and principle of operation

Mini sawdust press

The press for obtaining fuel briquettes is a mechanical device consisting of:

1. Base, table- serves to fasten the rest of the structural elements of the press, including the matrix, which forms the shape of the future product.
2. Power frame attached to the base. Designed to transfer force through the punch to the compressible material.
3. Drive unit - there are two types:
   • mechanical, for example, a hydraulic booster or an electric motor;
   • manual - the muscular strength of a person is used as an amplifier; subspecies - the use of an additional jack;

Stages of briquette production:

1. The raw materials are poured into the matrix, compacted so that the maximum possible amount of material enters.
2. Further, the force through the system of levers is transmitted to the punch.
3. The punch squeezes the raw material in the matrix.
4. A briquette is taken from the unfixed form and sent for drying.

Application area

Before considering the scope of the press, it is advisable to familiarize yourself with the need to create or purchase equipment.

The power structure will justify itself in several cases:

1. Availability of cheap raw materials.
2. The presence of a solid fuel boiler or furnace.

These two factors determine the efficiency of equipment and the use of fuel briquettes.

Raw materials

As raw materials can be used:

1. Woodworking waste- chips and sawdust. The presence of this material is determined by the developed industrial processing of wood. That is, some types of workshops, for example, a sawmill, furniture production, should be within transport accessibility.
2. paper waste- there is a paper mill or a waste paper warehouse nearby.
3. herbal products- husks from processing seeds or shells from nuts.

It is possible that the creation of a press or its purchase is the next step in developing your own business. That is, in the presence of a sawmill or a peeling shop, the question always arises - where to put the waste?

Advantages and disadvantages

The availability of inexpensive raw materials will economically justify the presence of a briquette press and their use as fuel. For example, they can heat a woodworking shop or heat a greenhouse. Naturally, these conditions make it possible to use compressed waste for the domestic needs of your own home.

For clarity, below is a table with the thermal characteristics of various types of fuel:

Another example showing the ratio of calorific values.

To obtain a certain unit of heat, you will need:

1. Natural gas, you need about 960 m³.
2. Diesel fuel - up to 1000 liters.
3. Fuel oil, 1350 liters.
4. Compacted wood waste, 2800-4000 kg.
5. Wood (firewood), 3200 kg.

From the above options, it can be seen that the processed waste from the generation of thermal energy is approaching some types of fuel. Given the availability of raw materials, it becomes profitable to use fuel cells produced on our own equipment.

Significant plus- this is a small ash content not exceeding 5-8%, and ash is a good fertilizer for restoring soil properties.

Disadvantages:

1. The end product of processing is a hygroscopic material, so care must be taken to store it in a dry place.
2. Compressed waste has low mechanical strength, as a result of which dust is formed, which can cause an allergic reaction, and in large volumes it creates an explosive and flammable mixture.

The main purpose of using the press is the processing of combustible waste into fuel briquettes. One of the types of equipment can be used for the production of pellets - small-sized sticks that have found application, for example, as pet tray fillers.

Kinds

Automatic press

Conventionally, industrial equipment is divided into:

1. Automatic production lines.
2. Semiautomatic.
3. Small batch production.

By design:

1. Hydraulic or pneumatic.
2. Screw.
3. Vertical or horizontal execution.

Criterias of choice

To decide on the choice of one or another type of equipment, it is advisable to take into account a number of factors:

1. Availability of sources of raw materials within transport accessibility.
2. Approximate weighted average volume of material received for processing.
3. Type of raw waste.
4. Own need for the finished product.
5. The possibility of selling surplus fuel briquettes.
6. Availability of sources of electricity, water (relevant for industrial production).

The price of industrial equipment depends on its performance, type of drive. The cost of domestic equipment starts from 30,000 rubles / machine. A similar new imported press - from 50,000 rubles per unit.

How to do it yourself?

With small volumes of processing of raw materials, it makes sense to think about making equipment with your own hands. Depending on the design and drive, it is possible to create a press with a capacity of up to 0.5 m³ within 6-8 hours.

There are quite a lot of equipment drawings on the Internet, which cover different capacities, types of raw materials. If you have a technical background or a penchant for design, then making a graphic image yourself will not be difficult.

Necessary materials:

1. A set of carpentry tools- hacksaws for wood and metal, hammer, pliers, screwdrivers, files and other abrasive tools;
2. Electric drill (screwdriver) with a set of drills for wood and metal;
3. Welding machine powered by 220V power supply, is necessary for the manufacture of a serious powerful machine;
4. Wood (boards, bars) and metal (different types of profiles) semi-finished product.

Walkthrough:

1. Once again, we carefully study the drawing of the future design- at the design stage, various, imperceptible at first glance, errors often creep in.
2. Separate parts of future equipment are being manufactured. At this stage, it is advisable to make all the necessary holes, to carry out semi-finishing.
3. The product is being assembled. To reduce transportation costs, installation is best done as close as possible to the place where the press is supposed to be operated.
4. Start-up and adjustment works are being carried out. For this, the required amount of raw materials must be prepared. The initial loading of waste is carried out at 40-60% of the total volume of the receiving device. The force should also not exceed 50% of the calculated values.
5. With positive results of preliminary work, the equipment is finally installed at the place of operation, a full-scale loading of the structure is carried out.

With the correct design calculations and the choice of the necessary material for the manufacture of the press, thoughtful assembly steps, it is possible to carry out installation and bring the equipment to full load in 3-7 days.