Sturgeon breeding as a business promises to be very profitable: this is evidenced by examples of farms that successfully operate in many regions of Russia. Sturgeon meat and caviar are in stable demand in restaurants, so there should be no problems with sales. Moreover, the number of fish farms is small, and the competition in this business is still small. In addition, the sturgeon is an unpretentious fish, and in order to grow it, a lot of special knowledge is not required.

How to grow sturgeon?

In Russia, there are several types of sturgeon: beluga, sterlet, stellate sturgeon, Russian and Siberian sturgeon. All of them are listed in the Red Book, so the price of sturgeon is high. In Europe and America, this fish has been grown on farms for a long time, and this business is quite common there.

What species to choose for cultivation?

The most unpretentious is the Siberian freshwater sturgeon. All care for him consists in timely feeding and cleansing of the reservoir.

This is important - the water in the pool must be constantly clean, at a constant temperature of 18-20 degrees. The sturgeon lives at the bottom of flowing reservoirs: this means that it will not live in stagnant water, it may die.

But how does the sturgeon endure winter in natural conditions? Lower temperatures in winter slow down growth and possibly prolong the life of sturgeons, but for the farmer, any delay is fraught with unnecessary costs. Therefore, in captivity, sturgeons grow all year round in heated pools.

Perspectives in numbers

The natural loss of fry kept in captivity is up to 30 percent, this is considered the norm. In nature, only three percent of eggs survive and become adults.

A fish gains a mass of 500-600 grams by about six months of age, at which time it is handed over to restaurants. Because it is from such fish that it is most convenient to make portioned dishes.

Fry of the same age gain weight unevenly - at first, dominant males grow more actively, and then the rest gain the desired weight. After about 8-9 months, when all, even the smallest fish, have reached the desired weight, the first cycle will be completed, and it will be possible to buy a new batch of fry.

It will not do without control in this matter. For SES, it will be necessary to take water and sturgeon for analysis twice a year. Also make sure that all documentation for fry and food is in order.

Breeding sturgeon at home as a business has its own characteristics, for example, a long payback period and a high percentage of profit from initial costs.

Ways to grow sturgeon at home

As already mentioned, the sturgeon loves clean running water with a high oxygen content: it is quite difficult to maintain such conditions in natural reservoirs. Much easier to control artificial.

What is USV?

Specially for growing sturgeons, there are fish breeding modules, the so-called recirculating water supply units (RAS). They consist of:

• pools;
• oxygen generator;
• water purification filters;
• compressor;
• various sensors;
• UV lamps for water disinfection;
• heat exchange systems;
• pipelines.

Water in such a system is constantly in a circular motion - it passes through the filters, is enriched with oxygen and returned back to the pool. Part of it flows into the sewer, so it is necessary to constantly replenish the volume from the water supply.

DIY RAS

But for starters, a home-made installation with a pool of any material is quite suitable. This will help you cut costs. You will need a pool, equipment for cleaning it - filters, a pump, a compressor. To maintain the desired temperature, the pool must be in a heated room.

The area is about 30 sq. m. should be quite enough. If there is none, you can build a greenhouse and conduct heating there. Be sure to purchase a generator so that an accidental power outage does not destroy all your work.

The depth of the pool should be at least one meter, but the diameter can be small - 2-2.5 meters. With a very strong desire, the equipment can be installed in a residential area. Bright lighting is not needed - the sturgeon lives at the bottom, in twilight.

The fry will have to be fed six times a day, at regular intervals. Six months later, when they grow up, it will be possible to switch to four meals a day. Automatic feeders make life easier for fish farmers: they save you time, although they require additional costs.

If the business goes well, it will be possible to expand by purchasing and installing several more pools.

Food for sturgeon breeding

Another important point is nutrition. Be careful in choosing food: it should not become limp in the water, but sink, because the sturgeon lives and eats at the bottom. The feed pellets should retain their shape in water for at least half an hour. And, of course, the feed should contain all the necessary substances, especially proteins.

Since the fish will grow unevenly, they require different sizes of food. To facilitate the feeding process, all livestock are divided into three weight categories every 10 days and fed in different sections.

At first it makes sense to buy special food, and then you can learn how to make it yourself.

Buying fry

When the fish house is ready, you can buy fry. Breeding them yourself is quite difficult, especially for beginners. The fry should weigh about 5 grams.

How many fry can be housed at the same time? For each cubic meter of the pool, there should be no more than 60 kilograms of live weight. Before buying, consult with experts to purchase high-quality healthy fish.

One of the problems in this case can be the transportation of both fry and adult fish. The sturgeon does not really like to move from place to place, and it is required to observe the temperature and oxygen conditions on the road.

Today, no one is surprised by this type of business as breeding ornamental fish for aquariums. But many do not even realize that at home you can create a real fish farm. Don't be surprised, as this is quite feasible. The most ideal option is sturgeon breeding. In addition to delicious fish, high quality caviar will also be on the table. In addition, it is she who is a real symbol of prosperity. So, where to start growing sturgeon?

Business Benefits

Sturgeons include not only Siberian and Russian sturgeon, but also sterlet, beluga, stellate sturgeon. If you decide to start your own business in this area, then do not worry - it is not so difficult as it might seem at first glance. You can carry out your plans even in your own apartment. This is precisely the first advantage of this type of activity. Among the other advantages, it is worth highlighting the following:

1. Caviar and fish meat are very valuable food products on the market. The demand for these products is growing daily.
2. Sturgeons are a family whose representatives perfectly tolerate any temperature changes and are not demanding on the conditions of detention.
3. In order for the fish to receive enough nutrition, special knowledge or large financial costs are not required.
4. A small start-up capital is required to start a business.

As you can see, sturgeon breeding at home as a business has many advantages.

Where is the best place to grow fish?

You can breed sturgeons both in a city apartment and in a country house. This will not affect the quality of the final product in any way, of course, if you do everything right. In order for sturgeon breeding at home to proceed without problems, you should prepare a room of 30 m². It should be spacious and free.

The room where you will grow fish should be well heated. This is especially true in winter. At this time of the year, sturgeons need to create normal conditions for normal growth. The water temperature should not fall below 17°C, and in warm weather this figure should be 20-24°C. If you do not have such a room, then do not rush to get upset. For growing sturgeon, you can use polycarbonate greenhouses. They can accommodate a swimming pool and heating equipment.

Where will the fry live?

You can purchase all the necessary equipment from the manufacturer. However, keep in mind that this can cost you a decent amount. But the equipment will be completely ready for use. In addition, it will be installed by specialists. If breeding sturgeon at home is peculiar, then you can go a slightly different way.

Equipment for growing fish can be made independently. After all, sturgeons can reproduce perfectly and live in non-specialized containers. For the manufacture of equipment, you will need a small pool of plastic with a depth of no more than one meter and a diameter of 2 to 3 meters. If the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room allows, then you can use a larger container. In such a pool, you can grow about a ton of fish per year. In this case, you will do everything yourself. This will save on hiring employees and on additional costs.

How to equip the pool

Growing sturgeon at home is not such a difficult task. If you approach the arrangement of the pool correctly, then such a business will bring a decent income. Aeration, special filters and compressors must be installed in the pool. You will also need a pump. After all, the pool will need to be cleaned. In order for sturgeon breeding to be successful, it is necessary to install an automatic feeder. Of course, you can do without it. However, the main advantage of such equipment is that you can free yourself a little time. If you decide to save money, then you will have to feed the fish manually.

Choose your pump and compressor carefully. Pay special attention to the fact that such equipment should not give out the full maximum during operation. Before buying, calculate how much power you need. Based on this, choose the equipment. Otherwise, all equipment will become unusable very quickly, and it will have to be replaced with a new one.

We buy fry

Sturgeon breeding begins with the acquisition of fry. Recently, a lot of fish farms have appeared that are engaged in the cultivation of various types of fish. You can buy fry there. However, do not buy the first ones that catch your eye. The sturgeon family is quite large. This allows you to acquire the kind of fish that will be unpretentious in care.

The opinion of experts will also be useful. They will tell you how to distinguish low-quality fry. The purchase of young animals should be approached with all responsibility. After all, the success of your business depends on it. Remember that low-quality fry will grow slowly. It is possible that they will often get sick.

Choosing the right food

Breeding sturgeon at home is a simple process if you follow all the rules. The choice of food requires special attention. There are several features in this issue. Remember that sturgeon representatives feed exclusively from the bottom. Therefore, buy only food that sinks in water, and does not float on the surface. It is also worth considering the fact that sturgeons have a well-developed sense of smell. It is this feeling that they are guided by when choosing food. Therefore, the product with which you are going to feed the fish should have a pleasant aroma for them.

Feed must not be destroyed by water. This is another rule that must be observed, since sturgeons do not swallow food whole, but absorb it gradually. The food must withstand moisture for at least 30 minutes. Breeding sturgeons at home for many may seem quite difficult. But actually it is not. The food for this species of fish should be soft, so the sturgeons will eat it faster. If you want the fry to quickly turn into big fish, then their food should not only be tasty, but also high in calories. When choosing food, consider the size of the sturgeons. If the fish are small, then the pieces of food should be small.

Sturgeon feed composition

Food for these fish can be completely different. But experts recommend using products that contain phosphorus, lysine, fats, protein, and fiber. This is the most useful food for sturgeons.

How to breed fish in a pond

Growing sturgeon in a private house or apartment has some disadvantages. For example, a limited area, maintaining a certain temperature regime, and more. It is much easier to grow fish in you can use a ready-made one. If it doesn't exist, then you'll have to create it. The old pond must be cleaned before the fry are released. If you create a reservoir yourself, then you should carry out liming. To do this, place a small layer of lime on the bottom, and then pour enough water and rinse. A similar procedure should be carried out about a few weeks before the start of the fry.

The bottom of the pond is best done in the shape of a bowl. Of course, we should not forget about the corresponding fauna and flora. In the reservoir there should be worms, a variety of green fertilizers, reeds, algae. If desired, you can place shellfish in the pond. Ordinary insects will also be useful, which will serve as additional food. It is better to run fry into the pond in the summer.

Finally

As you can see, sturgeon breeding in a pond is a profitable business. You do not need to occupy a separate room, buy expensive equipment. The only thing that is required is to choose the right food. In general, the cultivation of sturgeon brings a good income.

• Project Description
• Description of the enterprise
• Description of products and services
• marketing plan
• Production plan
• Calendar plan
• What equipment to choose
• Do I need permission to open
• Breeding technology
  • • • Similar business ideas:

We bring to your attention a typical business plan (feasibility study) for organizing a fish (sturgeon) farm. This business plan can serve as an example for obtaining a bank loan, government support or attracting private investment. On the example of a farm in the Ulyanovsk region.

A sample business plan for organizing a fish (sturgeon) farm in the RAS. On the example of a farm in the Ulyanovsk region.

Project Description

The aim of the project is to organize a fish farm in the village. Novoselki, Melekessky district, Ulyanovsk region. The main activity of the enterprise will be the cultivation of sturgeon fish species with the subsequent sale of marketable fish to the population and organizations.

To implement the project, it is planned to receive a subsidy in the amount of 850 thousand rubles under the program of state support for beginning farmers, conducted by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Ulyanovsk region. Own funds for the implementation of the project will amount to 200 thousand rubles. The total cost of the project according to the business plan is 1,050,000 rubles.

Economic indicators of the project implementation:

• Net profit per year = 375,483 rubles;
• Farm profitability = 65.5%;
• Payback of the project = 31 months.

Social indicators of the project implementation:

1. Registration of a new business entity in the Melekessky district;
2. Creation of new jobs in the region;
3. Receipt of additional tax payments to the budget of the Melekessky district.

Description of the enterprise

The organizational legal form of the enterprise will be peasant farming(KFH). The head of the KFH and its only member will be Ivanov I.I.

What taxation system to choose for this business

As tax systems the unified agricultural tax (UAT) will be applied, 6% of the profit of the farm.

Location of the farm: Ulyanovsk region, Melekessky district, with. Novoselki.

How to start a fish farming business

Currently, practical activities have begun to implement the project:

1. Registration of a peasant farm in the Federal Tax Service;
2. A room with an area of ​​235 m2 was built to accommodate a modular RAS for sturgeon breeding. Currently, the procedure for connecting the facility to engineering networks and transferring it to the type of permitted use is underway;
3. There is a preliminary agreement with FSUE "CaspNIRKh" NEB "BIOS" - a supplier of sturgeon juveniles. This company has many years of experience in growing and breeding sturgeon and is one of the leaders in this industry. Located in the Astrakhan region.

The fish farm will include 3 people: a manager (project manager) and two laborers.

Description of products and services

For more efficient cultivation of products, Siberian sturgeon fry will be purchased. This breed of sturgeon has a high growth rate and excellent taste. The Siberian sturgeon for the year of keeping in the RAS is gaining a marketable weight of 600 - 700 grams and becomes ready for sale. At the same time, the fish is not whimsical enough and consumes many types of both natural and artificial food.

Juveniles will be purchased weighing from 1 to 3 grams, which increases the survival rate of fry on the farm. The price for one fry weighing 1 gram is 12 rubles.

Fish feed will be supplied by manufacturers such as BioMar LLC and Aquafeed LLC. These are reliable suppliers of high-quality and relatively inexpensive fish food. The price of fish food is on average 45 rubles/kg. At the same time, the growth rate of fish consumed by the feed of these producers is 1 kg per 1.2 - 1.4 kg of feed eaten. This is a very good indicator.

In the first two years, the farm will produce about 2 tons of sturgeon per year. In the future, it is planned to increase production volumes by 1 ton annually. That is, by 2018, the farm should grow and sell about 5 tons of sturgeon per year. At the same time, the number of employees will also increase.

Download business plan for growing fish

marketing plan

Competitors involved in the cultivation of sturgeon in the RAS do not work in our region. In fact, the sturgeon market is practically free, not counting competitors from neighboring regions, but there are not many of them either. Demand for sturgeon has only increased in recent years. This suggests that the farm should not have problems with marketing.

The successful geographic location of the sturgeon farm will make it possible to sell products in such large cities as Ulyanovsk, Tolyatti and Samara. In total, the population of the three cities is about 4 million people. This is a very large market. Therefore, it will not be difficult to sell 2 tons of sturgeon per year.

The main clients of our farm are restaurants. They will be supplied with sturgeon weighing about 600 grams (the most popular). The rest of the marketable sturgeon will be shipped in bulk to specialized fish stores and food outlets. It is also possible to sell in bulk to processing enterprises.

To date, the wholesale price of sturgeon is an average of 500 rubles/kg. The peak of sales will fall on the summer season and New Year's Eve. During these periods, a slight increase in prices is possible. In general, the demand for sturgeon has practically no seasonality.

It is assumed that the first batch of sturgeon will be sold after 6 months of the farm.

In 2014 and 2015, the average monthly proceeds from the sale of sturgeon will be 87,330 rubles, in 2016 - 125,000 rubles, in 2017 - 166,000 rubles, and in 2018 - 208,000 rubles.

Production plan

The technology of the modular system of recirculating water supply makes it possible to produce fish in the shortest possible time, reduces the initial investment, and allows obtaining large volumes of fish in relatively small premises. So, in total, up to 2 tons of fish can be kept at the same time on 35m2 of premises. At the same time, the maintenance process is completely independent of weather conditions. Additionally, the installation can be equipped with modules for incubation of eggs, rearing of fish fry and for keeping the broodstock.

The unit must be located in a heated room that meets all sanitary and hygienic requirements. To breed sturgeons in the installation, it is necessary to maintain the temperature at the level of +19 ... +23 gr.

The premises of our farm will meet all the requirements of Rospotrebnadzor and fire safety, all communications will be connected to it, including electricity, water, heating, ventilation and sewerage.

In this case, all conditions of detention will be observed:

• Ensuring the correct diet for feeding fish: for juveniles - 6 meals a day from 6:00 am to 10:00 pm, for grown fish - 4 meals a day.
• Providing fish with dissolved oxygen;
• Ensuring regular circulation of water through the biofilter in order to exclude the occurrence of stagnant oxygen-free areas;
• Uniform intake of fry into the pools and uniform extraction of marketable fish;
• Constant cleaning of pools from sediments of dirt and dead fish.

The planned staffing of the farm will include 2 people:

Annual salary costs will amount to 240 thousand rubles.

The duties of the workers will include feeding the fish, cleaning the pools, monitoring the condition and temperature of the water in the system, extracting adult fish for sale, stocking with juveniles and other economic tasks.

Calendar plan

In total, these events will take 116 days and 1.05 million rubles will be spent.

How much money do you need to start a business

Let's proceed to the calculation of the main indicators of the economic efficiency of the economy.

Total fixed costs of the farm per month will amount to 47,800 rubles.

The main expenses of the farm will be the cost of paying wages to employees - 42% of the total costs, as well as the cost of feed and medicines - 20% of the total costs of the farm.

The calculation of economic indicators is presented in the table - the forecast of income and expenses of the farm:

How much can you earn from farming fish

The farm's net profit based on the results of annual sturgeon sales will amount to 375,483 rubles. The profitability of the fish farm is 65.5%. With such business plan indicators, a fish farm will pay off in 31 months.

The farm will make tax deductions to various levels of the budget of the Ulyanovsk region up to 94,077 rubles a year.

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What equipment to choose

Raising fish in an artificially created reservoir will require a lot of equipment. Otherwise, the water will bloom and the fish will die. First of all, to purify water, you need to buy a special gravity biofilter. As a rule, it has a hinged structure and is mounted within a few minutes. To fill the water with oxygen, compressors are used, they need 2 or more pieces.

You will also need ultraviolet sterilizers that kill germs and get rid of water bloom problems. You can pump water into the reservoir using a hydraulic pump or by constructing a drainage system that allows you to replenish the water level from underground springs and wells. Do not forget about the feeders, as well as other little things that you can buy at any fishing store.

Which OKVED to indicate when registering a business

To apply for business registration, you must specify codes from OKVED Code 03.2 - Fish farming.

What documents are needed to open

Registration of a fish farming business is possible as a formalization individual enterprise, peasant farm or limited liability companies. Note that the first two options are used more often for various reasons: a simplified taxation system, less red tape with paperwork. List of documents required for registration.

Is the cultivation of sturgeon at home. We will not advertise caviar, as this is a product that is a real storehouse of useful trace elements, vitamins and minerals.

Its growing cycle is quite long. This article will focus on the production of fish, which is also in good demand in restaurants and supermarkets.

Production involves obtaining environmentally friendly products such as sturgeon meat. This breed of fish includes many varieties, among which the most popular are: beluga, sterlet, stellate sturgeon, Siberian and Russian sturgeons.

In appearance, these inhabitants of the underwater depths, although they have differences, but this does not affect the process of growing sturgeon at home - for all varieties it is approximately the same.

Many skeptics will immediately begin to doubt and ask a lot of questions. We want to immediately dispel all doubts and give a lot of arguments regarding the lesson.

• The demand for products is quite high, and this is possible due to the large number of food supermarkets, fish shops and prestigious restaurants.
• does not require large expenditures, which at the initial stage becomes a clear advantage.
• Relatively low competition makes it possible to sell goods at high prices, which increases. Many have not even heard about growing sturgeon at home, and this promises great prospects.
• Every day you need to devote only 3-4 hours of your time, and you can do it in parallel with other things.
• Breeding sturgeon fish does not require special knowledge and skills, and all this can be found on the Internet at thematic forums on the Internet.
• The sturgeon lives perfectly at home and is a picky fish. He is practically not susceptible to diseases and problems can arise only when feeding him poor quality feed.
• and pays for itself in 6-9 months.

These arguments are quite enough to start breeding sturgeon.

Legal subtleties of business

Fish farming is best suited for these purposes, but it also has its own subtleties, so a consultation with the tax office will never be superfluous. For more information on how to choose the right OKVED, please follow the link - http://okvjed.ru/okved_razdel_b.html

Sturgeon breeding technology at home

There is nothing difficult in this type of business, but it is required to know certain subtleties of this business. It is important to choose the right premises, equipment and food for fish.

Room for sturgeon

For breeding fish of this breed, an area of ​​\u200b\u200b25-30 square meters is suitable. It can be either a private house or one large room in a city apartment.

The room must be heated. The water temperature in the pools in winter should not be lower than 17 degrees Celsius, and in summer no higher than 24 degrees.

If a suitable location is difficult to find, then equip a heated polycarbonate greenhouse and install all the necessary equipment in it.

Equipment for growing fish

Specialized equipment equipped with everything you need can be purchased from manufacturing companies. Prices are different and depend on the volume of containers.

On average, a novice entrepreneur will have to spend 10-15 thousand dollars, and not everyone has such funds. You can go the other way and make or buy containers yourself. Sturgeon will feel good even in non-specialized pools.

Minimum container size should be 1.5-2 meters in diameter and 0.8-1 meter deep. If you calculate, then for the season you can get about a ton of sturgeon from such a pool, which you will agree is a lot.

All fish in the process of growing is divided into categories, and for each of them there are certain minimum requirements. They are the following:

• Sturgeon up to 300 grams - diameter up to 1.5 meters, depth 0.6-0.8 meters.
• Sturgeon from 300 grams to 2 kg - depth from 0.8 to 1.2 meters, diameter from 1.5 to 2.2 meters.
• Malek - rectangular containers with a depth and width of 0.5 meters and a length of up to 2 meters.

If a country house with a pond is available, then in the warm season, grow sturgeon in it. To do this, you must first prepare the bottom and water - plant plants and add the necessary mollusks and worms.

In winter, so that the fish does not freeze, it is necessary to move it to plastic pools, and with the onset of heat, release it back into its natural habitat.

The condition of the water in the tanks must be carefully monitored and the following equipment is used for this:

• Filters and pumps.
• Compressor equipped with pipelines for supplying air and water.
• Automatic feeders and nets.

Acquisition of fry for breeding

You can buy sturgeon fry in specialized fish farms. In order not to be mistaken, you need to find out in detail about the place where you are going to purchase fry.

It is best to ask experienced entrepreneurs or explore specialized forums on this issue. Purchasing fry is a very responsible stage, which must be approached very seriously. This may affect the profitability of the business in the future.

Sturgeon feeding

Since this fish is quite unpretentious to feed, there are several options. You can purchase products from foreign or domestic manufacturers, as well as make them yourself.

Adults are fed 4 times a day, young animals - 6 times. A lot depends on the quality of the feed, and with poor production, the fish will gain weight very slowly. The sturgeon feeds from the bottom, so the particles of the mixture should sink to the bottom and not soak in the water for about 30 minutes.

The composition of a quality feed of any modification should be as follows:

• Approximately 45-50 percent protein.
• About 25% crude fat.
• Fiber - 3-4 percent.
• Vitamins, minerals and trace elements necessary for fish.

Possible problems

This fish is unpretentious in care and does not need special conditions for breeding. But some nuances must be observed.

An important point in the cultivation of sturgeon is the observance of the diet. It is necessary to give food at the same time, otherwise the fish may refuse it!

The next point that can lead to its death or slow growth is cold and polluted water. Below 17 degrees Celsius, its temperature should not fall. It is necessary to clean and change the water as it becomes contaminated.

Business plan for growing sturgeon at home

This item is most interesting for the entrepreneur. How much can bring in a year? It was noted above that from one pool installed in an apartment, you can get about a ton of fish.

For such a quantity of sturgeon, it is required to purchase approximately 2,000 pieces of fry, costing 0.2 dollars. Feed for growing one ton will need to be purchased for 1000 dollars.

Other expenses include payments for water and electricity, if you don’t have your own well. They will make about $500 for the whole cycle.

If you buy completely ready-made equipment, then a kit for breeding this amount of fish will cost $10,000. When making it on your own and purchasing individual elements (filters, feeders, compressors, nets, containers, and so on), you can invest 4-5 thousand dollars.

We consider our investments and costs:

• Malek - $ 400.
• Feed - $ 1000.
• Water and electricity - $500.
• Swimming pool with equipment - $5,000 or $10,000.

That is, you will have to invest $ 7,000 in this business if you independently manufacture equipment and $ 12,000 if you buy a ready-made kit.

You can sell sturgeon in restaurants and hypermarkets for an average of $8 per kilogram. That is, from a ton we get 8000$. It turns out that if you make the equipment yourself, then in one year you can recoup the investment. reach a net profit of $1,000.

In the case of buying a ready-made kit, after two years of work, the income in excess of investments will be $ 2,000. Later you can get annually about 6000$ of net profit.

Summing up, we can say that growing sturgeon at home is highly profitable. So far, there is very low competition in this industry, but in a year or two the situation may change. Good luck with your business!

Growing sturgeon at home - video with step-by-step instructions:

The Russian sturgeon is one of the most numerous representatives of the genus Acipenser. This fish can be successfully bred on your mini-farm using recirculating water supply systems - RAS (they allow not only to speed up the process, but also increase productivity) or in an artificial pond. With knowledge of breeding technology and maintaining optimal conditions, based on this idea, you can create a highly profitable business.

How to grow sturgeon at home?

The sturgeon inhabits the basins of the Black, Azov and Caspian Seas, the rivers flowing into them, creating local fish stocks. The body of the individual has an elongated, spindle-shaped shape, the snout is short, blunt. Coloration can vary greatly, as a rule, it is grayish-black, grayish-brown.

Breeding sturgeon at home is possible only if optimal environmental conditions are provided. You can create them in an artificial pond or by equipping a closed water supply installation. For the installation of the latter, you will need a land plot with a room or an insulated frameless hangar. The area should not be less than 30 m², the best option is 100 m². It is necessary to conduct electricity, water supply, sewerage to the building, provide heating (this can be done with your own hands).

But when creating a sturgeon reservoir, special attention should be paid to the layout of the soil bed, the provision of good water supply and the possibility of water discharge. It is good if the land plot will have a natural depression or the shape of a ravine with a gentle slope, a slight longitudinal slope. If in winter it will not be possible to maintain the optimal water temperature, then the sturgeon should be moved to the pool and returned to the pond only in the spring (a few days before this, it is necessary to increase the salinity of the water - up to 5%). In addition to these options, sturgeon can be bred in thermal sedimentation tanks near power plants. This makes it easier to maintain optimal temperature conditions. The growth rate of the fish stock is uneven, but on average they gain 500 g in 6-8 months.

To turn sturgeon breeding into a profitable business and do it legally, you need to legalize your activities. Owners of home fish farms work under the second group of taxation on a single tax. Classifier of types of economic activity (KVED) - freshwater fish farming, aquaculture. SES will not check the home farm, but for the veterinary service you need to prepare a certificate of form No. 1 for planting material, a certificate for feed and know that a water sample will be taken. In order to obtain the conclusion of the veterinary inspection, allowing the trade in sturgeon, you need to provide a few kilograms of products for analysis. will not be carried out, since from January 1, 2016 until the end of 2018, scheduled inspections of organizations, individual entrepreneurs in the field of small business are prohibited.

Commercial sturgeon breeding has begun to develop actively over the past 10-15 years. For the first time, this was done in countries where natural resources are limited (USA, Western Europe). Opening a fish farm is a profitable enterprise, because in many regions it is very limited, and the implementation is seasonal or spontaneous. There are many examples of successful implementation of this business idea in Russia.

Advice: to reduce the effect of stress factors - the use of feed that is not characteristic of fish, the impact of fish manipulations (weighing, sorting), - it is advisable to include probiotics in food.

Equipment for breeding sturgeon at home, price

The recirculating water supply installation consists of the following parts:

1. Pools for sturgeon (one costs about 14 thousand per 3 m³, they will need 4-10 pieces). They look like containers made of fiberglass and other materials, sometimes with viewing windows. Pools should allow you to quickly clean the water, see the herd well and not create traumatic situations (uneven rough surface, sharp corners).
2. Pipelines (about 5 thousand rubles).
3. Filtration system and pumps (100-500 thousand). It includes oxygen generator, mechanical and biofilter, UV unit. Needed to remove excess feed, feces from the water.

Also, at home, an emergency sturgeon life support system, a water treatment unit (for disinfection, temperature regulation, water saturation with oxygen) can be installed. There are ready-made fish-breeding modules on sale. The price (depending on performance) varies from 200 to 750 thousand rubles. Electricity consumption averages 3.7-5.5 kWh. In addition to the basic components of the system, you will need containers for transportation, disinfection of equipment, tables, cages, trays for breeding fry and hatching larvae, fish barriers, and foam traps. An artificial pond for breeding sturgeon also needs to be equipped. Mandatory components: filters, pump, UV lamps.

Experienced fish farmers say that to create a home farm, it will take about $3,000 to purchase equipment and an average of $1,000 to purchase fry and feed.

Advice: it is quite possible to make some equipment for breeding sturgeon with your own hands (pool, biofilter, heating system). Manufacturing instructions can be found online at specialized forums, websites, and in specialized literature.

In order to minimize risks and clearly understand the stages of development of a sturgeon farm at home, it is worthwhile, where all the nuances, necessary costs will be taken into account and the expected profitability will be calculated.

Do-it-yourself food for sturgeon fish

The speed and quality of fish growth directly depend on nutrition. Special equipment will help you accurately dose each meal at home, and special filters will purify the water from food debris and waste products in time. All processes in recirculating water supply installations are automated, and sensors control the hydrochemical parameters of water. Most beginner fish farmers prefer to provide adults and young fish with dry granulated feed. But you can make them with your own hands.

Advice: the optimum temperature for breeding sturgeon is 20-22°C.

There is no consensus on what proportions and composition of feeds are the best. Every experienced fish farmer has his own opinion on this matter. But the optimal nutrition schedule has long been developed. Fry should eat up to 12 times a day, adults - 6, preferably at the same time, then the frequency of food intake is reduced. The daily rate is calculated according to special feed tables, for example, according to Ponomarev. Food is given in small portions, following the palatability. It is important to know that different foods have different particle or granule sizes:

• starting (for larvae, young animals);
• production (for commercial sturgeon).

They must contain a sufficient amount of protein, fat, fiber, lysine, phosphorus. With experience, nutrient mixtures can be made independently. Underyearlings (young growth) of sturgeons feed on brine shrimp, tubifex, oligochaetes, daphnia zooplankton. After gaining weight more than 35 g, they begin to give starter feed. At the initial stage, it is better to use industrial products. Over time, adults can be fed nutrient mixtures made by oneself at home. They are prepared from minced fish, special flour, egg powder, yeast and premix (a mixture of dietary supplements, vitamins, minerals to enrich food). Also, different recipes often include wheat, peas, and soy sprat. The diet can be enriched with silkworms, brine shrimp, chlorella.

It is convenient to organize a fish farm in a country house or in a village, where there is a territory of the required size and the necessary conditions. In addition to this option, there are other opportunities to start, for example, to do, vegetables, strawberries in a greenhouse,.

Is it profitable to breed sturgeon at home?

Before opening your fish farm, it is important to determine the target market. The sturgeon is considered an industrially valuable fish. It makes it possible to obtain products such as:

• meat (raw, ice cream, salted, dried, smoked);
• caviar;
• glue (swimming bladders are used for manufacturing);
• food product vyazigu (dorsal string).

As a rule, sturgeon is grown at home to a weight of 500-600 g and sold. This product is relevant for owners of restaurants, shops, supermarkets, wholesale organizations, it can also be successfully sold on the market. Due to the downward trend in sturgeon stocks, prices for fish farm products are growing every year. In America and European countries, the market price for 1 kg of sturgeon meat is $18-22. In the domestic market, the cost of sturgeon starts from 500 rubles. According to experts, a fish farm with a capacity of about 5 tons per year gives the owner a profit of up to 2.5 million rubles, and profitability can reach 50-60%. In addition to meat, fish farmers successfully sell caviar and fry.

If the owner is not in a hurry to return the invested funds, then it is more profitable to keep the sturgeon for caviar. According to fish farmers, for 1 kg it will be possible to gain $ 700-900. If necessary, the RNKB bank can issue "For business development" in the amount of 500,000 to 70,000,000 rubles. (maturity - 6-60 months).

It is possible to create a profitable sturgeon farm by installing a recirculating water supply. It makes it possible to provide optimal conditions for the rapid growth of sturgeon in artificial conditions. The cost of a ready-made technological project for breeding, for example, 5 tons per year (including consultations and visits of specialists for setting up, launching the system) is not cheap. But you can create it with your own hands at home. Breeding sturgeon in recirculating water supply systems can greatly accelerate the growth of fish, reduce mortality compared to natural conditions.

The main conditions are compliance with the technology of sturgeon breeding in a closed water supply cycle, optimization of the temperature regime. It is these parameters that provide favorable conditions for productive consumption, the use of feed, an increase in the rate of growth and development, and oxygen consumption. It is important to remember that significant temperature fluctuations inhibit the growth of young animals. Also, for the intensity of production at home, the parameters of the stocking density of individuals and the saturation of water with oxygen, the stability of hydrochemical parameters are very important.

It is possible to increase the efficiency of artificial reproduction of sturgeon by changing the timing of obtaining reproductive products and breeding larvae and young. Therefore, mini-farms should be equipped with special temperature-controlled modules. It is desirable to keep the broodstock and breed young animals in water with high salinity.

In addition to meat, the farm owner will be able to sell caviar. But the process of its cultivation has its own characteristics. It is necessary at an early stage to determine the sex and allocate females to a separate herd. Under RAS conditions (unlike natural ones), the process of their maturation occurs faster due to the year-round content in water with an optimal temperature.

Modern technologies make it possible to create automated sturgeon production at home with minimal losses and good profit. A fish farm must be equipped with equipment that will create the most comfortable conditions for sturgeon breeding. Knowledge of technology and a preliminary search for a sales market will turn a business idea into a very profitable business.