Paving slab production business. Business plan for the production of paving slabs

When improving any territory, you cannot do without a convenient and beautiful road surface. Production of paving slabs as a business: profitability, plan with calculations of income and costs in a review for beginning entrepreneurs.

Advantages and disadvantages

Paving slabs are a popular building material for arranging paths and platforms in a wide variety of places:

• city ​​parks, squares, roads, squares;
• area in front of shops and other business establishments;
• courtyards in private and apartment buildings.

Competition in this sector of the economy is very high, but huge volumes of consumption allow all producers of high-quality paving stones to make a profit.

Entrepreneurs are attracted by the following points:

1. Lack of permits to open a business.
2. Simplicity of legal registration.
3. Need for a small number of employees.
4. Simple technological process.
5. Opportunity to earn additional income from providing tile laying services.
6. High level of profitability.

The negative aspects include:

• Seasonality - most of the production occurs in the warm season, since a small amount of construction work is carried out in winter.
• Same type and monotonous work - due to this, staff turnover is possible.
• Expensive equipment - paving stones are produced on a large scale using machines costing up to half a million rubles.

You can download a business plan for the production of paving slabs with calculations at.

Business plan

In order not to miss anything when starting a project for the production of paving slabs, you must adhere to the following action plan:

1. Marketing market research.
2. Study of tile production technology.
3. Registration of an enterprise.
4. Renting premises.
5. Purchase of equipment and materials.
6. Search for workers.
7. Organization of advertising and sales.
8. Profitability calculation.

To save time, you can do several things at the same time, for example, purchasing equipment and hiring workers.

The owner of a paving slab production may need a business plan in case of borrowing funds - a bank loan or a non-commercial loan.

Marketing

There are many varieties of tiles on the market, which differ in characteristics and production methods. Starting from scratch to produce several types at once is expensive and risky. It is better to determine the most in-demand product and only after the enterprise begins to generate stable profits, expand production.

You can identify a sales leader either on your own or by ordering research from a marketing company. Also at this stage, it is necessary to determine the lower and upper limits of the price of tiles in order to be able to compete without damaging your own business.

Another option is possible: if, when analyzing the market, a niche turns out to be free, then if there is demand, you can take a strong position in the production of unique products.

Technology

There are three main types of coating:

• Ordinary concrete slabs used to pave sidewalks and paths. Color and shape can be very diverse, even with 3D design.
• Polymer plastic tiles. With the help of additives, it is given the necessary properties - frost resistance, reinforcement, water resistance. Polymer tiles have a longer service life, are easier to process and more pleasant to use than concrete tiles.
• Soft paving slabs. The basis for production is shredded car tires. This coating is used in the construction of sports fields, outdoor swimming pools and other places where there is a danger of injury. The tile can withstand a wide range of temperatures, is highly resistant to adverse environments, and has a non-slip rubber surface.

Two approaches are used in production:

1. Vibration casting is a simple and cheap method of producing tiles that are not very durable and of high quality. First, a concrete mixture of cement, crushed stone, sand and additives is prepared in a concrete mixer. Then the mixture is poured into molds on a vibrating table, which operates until the surface of the tile is moistened. The molds are dried on pallets indoors for two days, then heated for several minutes to 60ºC-70ºC to remove the tiles on a vibrating table. During the process of heating and beating out the matrix, cracks and chips may form on the paving stones, especially if unskilled labor and cheap equipment are used.
2. Vibropressing and hyperpressing - this method uses expensive equipment, but the tiles are of high quality. As with vibratory casting, a molding mixture is prepared, which is compacted with a vibropress or hydraulic press. Such tiles dry for 8-9 hours naturally or 5-6 hours with hot steam. Since manual labor is kept to a minimum, there are practically no defective products.

To produce high-quality tiles, you need to consider the following nuances:

• When first used, polymer forms are treated with a special agent that removes static charge. In the future, it is advisable to use emulsol lubricant and, after finishing making the tiles, rinse with a 7% hydrochloric acid solution.
• To retain moisture in the tile when drying, it is covered with film. But then the drying time increases.

The finished paving stones are carefully placed on wooden pallets and secured with film and tape. The tiles should be stored in a dry, warm and well-ventilated warehouse.

Legal registration

The owner of an enterprise can register as an individual entrepreneur or open a limited liability company. Next, you need to register for tax purposes with the Federal Tax Service and social funds. A simplified taxation system makes it possible to submit reports once a year with payment of tax as a percentage of revenue and fixed social contributions.

No special permits are required to conduct activities. If it is necessary to issue a quality certificate to the customer for tiles, you must provide a sample of the product to the certification service.

Room

The production of paving slabs as a business cannot be carried out at home - for the location of equipment and storage of finished products on an industrial scale, a room of at least 70 square meters is required. m. In the industrial zone of any city there is a free workshop or a suitable warehouse at an affordable price.

Basic requirements for a mini-plant:

1. Availability of communications - water supply, sewerage, electricity.
2. An insulated room and the presence of heating if you plan not to stop production during the cold season.
3. A change house for workers or the possibility of independently arranging a living area.
4. Separate sites for production and warehouse.
5. High ceilings.
6. Access road adapted for freight transport.

It is advisable to find premises near wholesale centers that sell raw materials for production in order to save on delivery.

Equipment and raw materials

The list of necessary equipment for any production technology includes:

• concrete mixer (to make two-layer tiles you need 2 pieces);
• matrices of various standard forms in the amount of 150-200 pieces (there are metal, plastic, wood, silicone);
• container for washing molds;
• heated container for removing tiles from the matrix;
• racks for drying tiles;
• pallets for storing finished products;
• packaging tools and accessories;
• scales;
• hydraulic trolley for moving pallets with tiles.

Depending on the method of making paving stones, you will need:

1. Vibrating table
2. Hydropress.

New equipment is quite expensive (from 100,000 to 500,000 rubles), while used equipment is 30-40 percent cheaper. You can make a vibrating table and iron forms yourself if you have experience in mechanical engineering and the ability to work with metal. But at the same time, production technology and the quality of the finished product are called into question.

If you have free starting capital, you can purchase a ready-made tile production line for RUB 800,000. - 1,000,000 rub.

Raw materials for concrete paving stones are cheap and available. Recipe for making 1 sq. m. paving slabs 6 cm high:

This is the most common composition among manufacturers. You can also use crumb rubber, glue, wire mesh, polymers, and clay in production.

An important point: in order to obtain consistently high-quality products, the components for preparing the mixture must be of the same brand and manufacturer.

Employees

The number of workers required at a paving stone plant depends on the planned output volumes. For example, for production by vibration compaction method 50 sq. m of paving surface will require 3 people per shift:

• worker at the machine;
• handyman;
• loader.

Administrative work, product sales and accounting activities at the enterprise can initially be carried out by the owner. Once the plant becomes profitable, it makes sense to hire specialists.

Particular attention should be paid to safety precautions, and workers should be provided with special clothing and protective equipment.

Sales of products

For a novice entrepreneur, the main buyers of paving slabs are the owners of private houses and retail outlets. To receive an order from a construction company, it will be necessary to certify the products.

The first clients may be friends or relatives who need to improve their territory. You need to look for orders through advertisements in local newspapers, construction press, and information portals on the Internet. A good result comes from participation in specialized fairs and exhibitions and contacts with supply agents of construction companies.

Sometimes customers receive orders for tiles with installation. To provide turnkey services, you can enter into an agreement with an installation organization or hire workers for each case.

To attract large customers, you need to make discounts, for example, when purchasing a certain quantity of products, offer free delivery and provide a warranty on operation.

Video: how to open a paving slab production business?

Economic calculations

To determine the amount of investment in a tile project, you need to make a cost-income calculation and calculate whether it is profitable to engage in this business.

Starting production using the vibrocompression method includes the following costs:

Half of the investment is the cost of purchasing equipment. Vibratory casting technology does not use expensive equipment and you can start a business with 700,000 rubles available. – 750,000 rub.

Fixed costs per month for the production of paving stones consist of:

Cost of 1 sq. m of paving slabs will cost the entrepreneur 280 rubles. In the process of work, additional costs may arise for equipment repairs, product certification, incentive payments to employees, etc.

The plant's income will depend on the volume of production and sales of tiles. Presumably, with a production rate per day of 50 sq. m of paving stones and sales of 80% at 600 rubles, monthly turnover will be:

With such calculations, the investment will pay off in 4 months - this is a very high figure for production. If you also provide tile laying services, the profitability will be even higher.

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You can talk a lot about the imperfection of the world, in which economic crises occur at least once every ten years, but you can independently determine the direction of activity that will bring a stable income, regardless of the global financial situation. These types of activities include those in which people will always be interested. Including all types of activities related to decorating the interior space of an apartment or country house, finishing the territory of a personal plot. For example, the production of paving slabs. The main component of future success in such a situation becomes a high-quality and original drawing up of a business plan, on the basis of which successful and fruitful activities will be carried out in the future.

Competition in this market is quite high, but the demand for this finishing material is quite high. It is formed due to the constantly increasing indicators of private suburban construction, the implementation of work to improve the territories of urban and rural settlements, the simple asphalt on the sidewalks of which was often laid during the period of the Moscow Olympics-80.

This type of business is recognized as one of the least expensive. In order to start your own production, you will need from 100,000 US dollars.

Registration, taxes, certification

In any situation, you have to start with registration. For small production in the first stages of activity, it is enough to register in the role. The production of paving slabs is convenient as a start-up with a minimum number of permits required for such work and a simple taxation scheme. Registration of a manufacturer as an individual entrepreneur gives the opportunity to choose 6%.

There is no mandatory certification for paving slabs. However, given the significant role that potential buyers attach to its presence, the certificate can be ordered additionally. In such a situation, the finished samples will be carefully checked by the certification service for the level of moisture resistance, frost resistance, readiness to withstand mechanical stress and negative environmental influences, including maintaining color under constant exposure to direct sunlight. Due to the ease of manufacturing industrial batches of beautiful and original paving slabs, such confirmation of high quality will be an additional argument for a potential buyer to choose our version of the proposals.

What is included in a business plan for the production of paving slabs?

An important basis for future success is a detailed assessment of the manufacturing options for this practical finishing material with options for selecting batch buyers.

Experienced manufacturers recommend paying attention to the private sector in the first stages. Here, a small number of units of paving slabs are required in ordered batches. At the same time, the private sector's demand for this material is high. Garden paths can be repaired literally every year.

In addition, paving slabs are often in demand by representatives of local city organizations. When choosing a material that is reliable in operation, it is paving slabs that are ready to become both a decoration of the territory of any settlement and the basis for increasing the comfort of everyone who lives in it.

You will also need to accurately assess what equipment will be needed from the first stages of activity. This will help you immediately determine the cost parameters that will be spent on its acquisition. The business plan also includes information about the amount of materials that will be required to quickly and efficiently complete batches of any size.

Production premises

The ideal situation would be for a novice entrepreneur to have his own premises for organizing production. It can be quite compact.

All equipment can easily fit in an area of ​​50 square meters. Of these, it is enough to allocate no more than 35 square meters for production. The remaining 15 square meters will be used for storing manufactured products.

You can rent the necessary space. It is important that it meets fire safety requirements and has a permanent connection to a power source. You will also need to install a drying chamber in the room.

Technologies for manufacturing paving slabs

Today there are two basic technologies for manufacturing this convenient and practical material.

In cases where it is planned to immediately begin with the production of fairly large batches, it is recommended to use vibrocompression technologies. This technology includes several basic stages of activity.

• Preparation of concrete using a concrete mixer, from which, after preparing the mixture, the mass is placed in a vibropress, into its matrix.
• The second stage is the work of vibrators and a punch, which make the material dense and send the material prepared for drying to a molding tray, which is sent for drying.
• At the third stage, future reliable and durable tiles are dried using a thermal-moist method, which can be used as ordinary hot water steam. To minimize the cost of performing a full range of work, pallets with products can be dried without the use of specialized steam installations - simply indoors.

What is driving the growing popularity of pizzerias? Would it be profitable to open an establishment of this type? Find answers to these and other questions in ours.

Using vibration casting technologies the work is carried out somewhat differently.

1. The concrete mixture is being prepared.
2. The finished mixture is placed in molds located on a vibrating table.
3. The forms are laid out on pallets.
4. The forms are left in natural conditions for two days.
5. Heating the molds to 50-60 degrees Celsius and knocking out the finished paving slabs from them.

This technology makes it possible to create models of almost unique shapes, which are especially convenient for decorating local areas.

Equipment for the production of paving slabs

At the first stages of the work, you will need to purchase or rent:

• a brick making machine, the cost of which upon purchase is about 20,000 US dollars;
• from 5 to 6 thousand US dollars upon purchase will be spent on purchasing a concrete mixer;
• It will cost the owner of a new production 3 thousand to buy a punch.

The use of such technology options will make it possible to produce tiles using the vibration pressing method.

An alternative set of equipment will be the equipment used for the production of paving slabs with your own hands using vibratory casting technology. This kit includes:

• vibration table, the minimum cost of which is 4 thousand US dollars;
• molds for making paving slabs - from 1-8 US dollars per 1 mold;
• A concrete mixer will cost a new entrepreneur $600.

A convenient type of additional equipment will be a bathtub used for washing molds. Its average cost is 1-1.5 thousand US dollars.

To minimize costs at the initial stages of activity, it is recommended to purchase used equipment.

How much staff will be required to complete the work?

For a small production, all work of which is located in a space of 50 square meters, it is enough to include 3 employees in the company’s staff. One of them can additionally combine the functions of a storekeeper and a driver. A convenient option that allows you to save money is inviting representatives of outsourcing companies to prepare tax, pension and accounting reports.

Cost of production of paving slabs

In the production of paving slabs, flat-cement concrete and plasticizer are used. The cost of 1 cubic meter of raw material produced is 3,000 rubles. It can be used to make up to 16 square meters of finished tiles. The average cost of producing one square meter of tile is 150-170 rubles. To this you need to add 50-70 rubles, which will be spent on electricity, wages for workers, rent of premises and other production needs. The selling price of tiles is much higher - at least 230-300 rubles.

Profitability of paving slab production

If a new manufacturer quickly finds potential buyers, the profitability of paving slab production due to the use of inexpensive materials reaches 150%. This suggests that even if you purchase a full set of equipment, the purchase will be justified.

The production of paving slabs today is recognized as one of the most successful options for starting your own successful business. Manufacturing paving slabs as a business will require financial costs at the initial stage, but will bring a high payback in the future.

Video: production of paving slabs

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Paving slabs continue to maintain a leading position in the construction products market. For exterior decoration, owners of private houses and organizations traditionally choose this material. This means that the production of paving slabs as a business activity can become a profitable and promising endeavor.

Nevertheless, any entrepreneur who decides to open his own business in this direction needs to prepare for the fact that great competition awaits him. However, since this business is currently one of the most profitable, in demand and promising, to achieve success you only need to develop a competent business plan for the production of paving slabs.

Main properties of the project

The purpose of this project is to determine the economic efficiency of creating an enterprise for the production of paving slabs. A ready-made business plan can be used as a commercial proposal during negotiations with potential investors or creditors.

The relevance of the paving slab manufacturing business lies in the high performance qualities of this material and its popularity in the market. Paving slabs are environmentally friendly, durable, easy to use, and also economical. And thanks to new technologies, the life and quality of its service increases significantly.

The project to create a production enterprise for the production of paving slabs is designed for 2 years - during this period, according to the plan, all starting investments will pay off. The business plan takes into account all risks and possible force majeure situations that can reduce the company’s profits and even contribute to its unprofitability.

There are three main goals for creating a workshop for the production of paving slabs:

— creation of an enterprise with a high level of profitability;

— meeting demand in the relevant market segment;

- obtaining high profits during the period indicated in the plan.

To achieve these goals, it is planned to open an enterprise that will produce paving slabs intended for arranging sidewalks in populated areas of any nature and purpose.

General funding indicators are as follows:

— the cost of the project as a whole, including all types of costs, is within 5.5 million rubles. It is envisaged that a commercial loan in the amount of 5.5 million rubles will be received for opening and developing a business. The interest rate will be 16%;

— the investor’s income, or the total amount of interest paid on the loan, will be 270.9 thousand rubles;

- the total economic effect from the implementation of the project for the production of paving slabs within the established period is 34 million 413 thousand rubles or more under favorable economic circumstances.

The preliminary payback period will be 1 year. But in the event of force majeure or additional costs, this period can be extended to 2 years.

Technical features of making paving slabs - in the video:

Stages of starting a business

The main list of stages for opening a workshop for the production of paving slabs from scratch includes:

— development of a plan and preliminary financial calculations;

— registration of the enterprise with the Federal Tax Service;

— rent of a site and production premises (if you have your own material and technical base, prepare it for the start of the production process);

— purchase of equipment and raw materials;

— personnel selection;

- start of the production process.

Considering a two-year period of enterprise development, you can draw up the following detailed step-by-step plan:

Stages	Execution conditions	Deadlines
Start of the project		1 – 2 year
	1 month project	First 30 banking days
Getting a loan	Availability of a mandatory package of documents	1 month
Entry into the state register, registration with administrative and tax authorities	Concluded investment agreement	From 1 to 30 calendar days
Selecting a location, completing documentation	Preliminary work	1 month
Concluding a lease or purchase agreement for a land plot	Investment agreement	1 month
Purchase of equipment	Conclusion of an investment agreement	Up to 30 calendar days
Equipment installation	Receiving investment funds	Up to 30 calendar days
Hiring	Production activities	Up to 30 calendar days
Training	The end of the stage of organizing the production process	Up to 30 days
Conducting a marketing campaign	30 calendar days	Up to 360 calendar days
End of the project		12 – 24 months

Business registration

To get started, it will be enough to register as an individual entrepreneur. The law does not require registration of a legal entity for such activities, and at first the individual entrepreneur format will indeed be more successful.

The process of registering an individual entrepreneur requires the submission of a minimum of documents of the founder: copies of the passport, identification number, as well as a receipt for payment of the state duty in the amount of 800 rubles. These documents are submitted by first filling out an application for registration of an individual entrepreneur using the standard form. In addition to the personal data of the entrepreneur, it contains a code according to the OKVED classifier. It must be selected using the valid classifier (). If there are no additional activities, code 23.31 (“Production of ceramic slabs and tiles”) is suitable. The prepared package of documents must be submitted to the territorial office of the Federal Tax Service, and after 3 - 5 days the applicant is issued a completed certificate.

If there are several founders, an individual entrepreneur will not be suitable for registering a company - you will have to choose one of the existing formats of a legal entity. The best option is a limited liability company. In this case, the list of documents to be submitted will be more extensive, and a special entry fee will also be paid - authorized capital in the amount of at least 10 thousand rubles. The procedure for registering and operating an LLC is regulated by special federal law 14-FZ (http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_17819/).

Paving slabs do not require careful certification. This feature greatly simplifies the process of business legalization. But if you wish, you can obtain a product quality certificate. This document will be a good help in competition and will help a newcomer to the market acquire regular customers and partners. You can obtain such a document from a special certification service. Products must first be tested for strength, resistance to frost, moisture and other qualities. If the verification is successful, the manufacturer will receive the required certificate without any problems.

Regulatory documents useful for doing business:

Equipment

Paving slabs are made by two different methods:

• vibration pressing,
• vibration casting.

Depending on which technique is chosen, the purchase of various production equipment will be required.

To produce tiles using vibration pressing technology you will need:

• Vibropress (its cost is about 20 thousand dollars)
• Concrete mixer (about 6 thousand dollars)
• Punch (about 3 thousand dollars)

Equipment for manufacturing by vibration casting is much less expensive. The list will include the following items:

• Vibrating table (about 4 thousand dollars)
• Molds (about $1-$18 each)
• Concrete mixer (about 600 dollars)

Other types of equipment that will be needed for the production process:

• — hyperpress (makes it possible to produce large volumes of products under high pressure;
• — conveyors for moving materials;
• — dispensers;
• — cement silos for storing cement;
• — control panel for automation of dosing, weighing and supply of solution;
• — cleavers for splitting concrete products;
• - shelving. It is better to choose steel racks that have high strength.

You can purchase a ready-made production line. It will cost more than purchasing individual pieces of equipment, but will greatly simplify the manufacturing process.

Technology business plan for the production of paving slabs

When developing a business plan for tile production, you need to take into account the technological features of this process. First of all, you need to familiarize yourself with the diagram of the vibrocompression method. This technology is also used in the manufacture of borders, wall and partition stones.

Production steps include:

1. Preparation of concrete. First of all, you will need a concrete mixer. In this case, the number of layers should be taken into account (if there are two of them, two concrete mixers are needed). The finished molding mixture is placed in the matrix of a vibrating press (mold).
2. Molding. Then the punch and vibrators are launched, resulting in a reaction of vibration pulses, and the material is gradually compacted. Next, the product is sent to dry in a tray.
3. Drying. To bring the tiles into a finished form, heat and moisture drying is used, for which water steam is used. If you need to reduce production costs, you can dry the product directly indoors, without using the heat-moisture drying method.

The production of paving slabs using the vibration casting method occurs as follows:

1. Prepare the mixture.
2. Concrete is placed into molds on a vibrating table.
3. The finished forms are placed on a pallet.
4. The resulting mixture is left for 48 hours.
5. The hardened form is heated, then the product is knocked out.

Making tiles requires a sufficient number of molds. They can be rubber, plastic or polyurethane. Since production technology can vary significantly depending on the choice of material, it is worth familiarizing yourself in advance with the significant features and differences of each of them.

PProduction and organizational features of tile manufacturing are below:

Selection and preparation of production premises

There are no special requirements or restrictions on the location of the workshop. The main thing is the size of the area, which should allow all the equipment to be placed, as well as compliance with all technical conditions. Geographically, the workshop can be located on the outskirts of the city, in an industrial zone or outside the populated area. It is advisable that it be adjacent to a highway or major road, which will facilitate the delivery process.

To equip a workshop, it is best to rent a former production facility - it usually initially has all the necessary conditions, including sufficient power electricity, water supply and other necessary communications.

The most suitable size is from 70 sq. meters or more. To operate the equipment, you will need an uninterrupted electrical voltage of 360 V or more. The drying chamber requires special conditions - it needs to maintain the required temperature within 45 degrees.

When renting a workshop, you should pay attention to the presence of a large and dry warehouse, a heated office for communication with clients and partners, as well as the work of management and administrative staff. For these purposes, it is necessary to have a telephone connection and the Internet. Care should be taken in a timely manner to equip utility rooms and bathrooms for official use.

Staff

If the production volume does not exceed 50 sq. meters of finished tiles per day, there is no need for a large number of personnel. In such cases, a team of three people will be sufficient, who will be involved in the process of directly preparing concrete, pressing and sending the batch for drying. To service large-scale production, a larger staff will be needed.

At first, while the workshop produces a small amount of products, the role of sales manager and accountant can be performed by the manager himself. When expanding production, the customer base will increase, and to work with them you will need a separate employee with experience in sales. Accounting will become more complex as the enterprise develops. Therefore, within the first year you will need a full-time specialist in the field of accounting and tax reporting. In the first months of the company's operation, these services can be provided by outsourcing specialists.

The staff will also need support staff - loaders, security guards, cleaners.

Sales of finished products

An important stage will be the sale of products. To acquire a wide and stable customer base, you should provide them with the entire range of tiles produced. The right action would be to organize production in such a way that the assortment includes a variety of products that satisfy the needs of all groups of potential buyers. At first, you should not take on large orders; it is better to firmly consolidate your position among small firms or individuals.

With the development of production, it makes sense to enter into long-term contracts with large enterprises that purchase large volumes of paving slabs for construction, repair work or further sale. The specifics of the marketing campaign and the choice of advertising methods depend on the type of potential buyer.

Marketing plan and advertising

The general structure of the world and national markets suffered negative changes during the crisis years of 2013–14. At this time, there was a decrease in sales, and therefore in the production of all types of construction and finishing materials. At the same time, the crisis also had some stimulating effect on the industry: the competition for clients between market representatives intensified, and as a result, the quality of the products of surviving enterprises improved.

In order to easily enter a market where there is no shortage of tile manufacturing enterprises, you need not only to offer the buyer a quality product at an attractive price, but also to attract attention. To do this, you need to immediately set priorities and decide on your target audience. So, you can focus on selling finished products to retail customers or focus on wholesale sales. In the first case, the cost of sales will be higher, but you will have to spend more time and money on advertising and attracting buyers. Having chosen wholesale sales as a priority, at the first stage it is enough to conclude long-term contracts with several large buyers.

One of the features of the sale of paving slabs is the presence of a concentrated consumer market. This means that it is usually easier and more profitable to sell products within your region. Consequently, the advertising campaign will be aimed at a limited range of target audiences.

Taking into account the already known characteristics of the market, it is possible to determine the most accurate circle of the target audience. Main categories of buyers:

• — construction organizations carrying out orders from municipal authorities;
• — construction companies working privately;
• — individuals or organizations purchasing tiles for personal needs.

One of the trends in this industry is a slight but stable increase in demand from private buyers by 10 - 15% annually. But in order to maintain and increase this indicator, you need to resort to the main working methods of advertising:

— dissemination of information via the Internet: your own website with detailed information and feedback is required. In addition, you need to advertise your products on thematic websites and forums, online bulletin boards;

Timely placement of advertising will play a very important role. Since the greatest peak of construction and renovation work occurs in spring and autumn, the main emphasis on advertising activities should be done just before this time.

The participation of the enterprise in thematic events - specialized exhibitions and fairs will be effective. There you can present samples of your products, exchange contacts with potential buyers and partners, and study the structure and dynamics of the market.

Financial plan

There are several main cost items required for opening and further development of the company:

• Initial investment:

1. Commissioning works - RUB 110,000.00.
2. APN - 540,000.00 rub.
3. Press D2430 - 470,000.00 rub.
4. Concrete mixer SBR-500 - RUB 69,000.00.
5. PP TR mold - RUB 210,000.00.
6. Scales MK-15.2 - RUB 4,200.00.

Total: RUB 1,403,200.00

2) Remuneration. Calculation for a minimum staff of 3 people:

• manager (salary from 25 thousand rubles),
• APN operator (salary from 25 thousand rubles)
• auxiliary worker (salary 20 thousand rubles)

Thus, the wage fund must be at least 70 thousand rubles (for one shift per month; 140 thousand rubles for two shifts). With the development of the enterprise, wages should increase, which will allow retaining qualified workers.

When paying the unified social tax (UST) - 26% of the total income.

• Production area

It is advisable to allocate about 100 sq.m. area in order to place the necessary equipment and create an area for storing materials and the products themselves. The warehouse can be located outdoors, but also requires at least 100 sq.m. Heating in a production area is not a mandatory requirement for working conditions. If the rent for 1 sq. m. is 100 rubles, then the total cost of renting the entire premises should not exceed 10,000 rubles. The rental cost per 1 sq. m. is also calculated. m of product. It will be 2.38 rubles.

4) Cost of materials and energy. The total cost of raw materials, which includes polymer, sand and pigment, per 1 ton will be 3,794 rubles. This means that the cost of raw materials per 1 sq.m. finished tiles is 136.58 rubles.

Cost of 1 sq. m. paving slabs:

The profitability of this type of business, when properly organized, exceeds 100 percent. This is facilitated by the fact that even defective products can be used (for example, in construction), so the loss rate will be minimal.

A detailed cost plan for opening an enterprise for the production of paving slabs will include the following items:

Expense item	Expenses per month	Expenses for the year	One-time costs	Total expenses for the year
Buying a concrete mixer			127400	127400
Vibrating tables (pouring, stripping)			90000	90000
Forms			33600	33600
Transformer			61600	61600
Pallet truck			20160	20160
Loader/beam crane			3800000	3800000
Baths (for washing molds, for stripping molds)			22400	22400
Wheelbarrows, trowels, shovels and other equipment			28000	28000
Production technology, technology training			61600	61600
Cost of raw materials (per 2 thousand km of tiles)	100000	1200000		1200000
Salary	250250	3003000		3003000
Website creation, promotion	55000	660000	110000	110000
Wiring			214200	214200
Unexpected expenses			456800	456800
Total	405250	4863000	5025086	5073626

Regardless of the chosen business format, the financial year for any enterprise begins in January. From this month, the necessary tax payments are calculated. The list and tax rates of main contributions to the Federal Tax Service are standard and include the following:

To calculate the amount of income of an enterprise, in addition to the cost, you need to analyze the current market prices for finished products. The price list will be based on the average prices of the corresponding market segment and the amount of production costs.

Average cost of paving slabs, in rubles per sq. meter:

The cheapest traditionally will be gray tiles, the most valuable and expensive is white, produced without the use of dye. The higher the quality of the materials used in production, the more expensive the cost will be, and therefore the price of the finished product.

The company's sales forecast will be determined based on the following criteria:

— results of analysis of consumer demand for paving slabs;

— market analysis data for tile production enterprises;

— general conclusions regarding the state of the market for the sale of paving slabs.

The calculations take into account the lowest profitability threshold. The plan must consider all existing risks in the industry. These primarily include a high level of competition and a significant barrier to entry into the market. So, in order to open production, significant initial investments are needed for the purchase of equipment and raw materials. At the same time, without a high-quality marketing policy, it is impossible to fully enter the market and take a strong and profitable position in it.

Taking into account the main stages of creation and development of the enterprise, a service provision plan is drawn up:

Period	Type of service	Volume of services provided per month	price, rub.	Sales revenue, thousand rubles.
1 – 6 month of investment		2000 sq.m	500 – 540 per sq.m.	1000 – 1100 thousand rubles
1 – 6 month of investment		2000 sq.m	From 560 per sq.m.	From 1120 thousand rubles.
	Production of paving slabs	2000 sq.m	540 sq.m	1000 – 1100 thousand rubles
7 – 12 months of operation	Laying tiles and related work	2000 sq.m	From 580 per sq.m.	From 1150 thousand rubles.

At the moment, the market growth rate is at the level of 10–15 percent. If this level continues over the next 1 - 2 years, the growth in sales volumes will reach 26.7 million per year or more. The main condition that will help overcome the entry barrier is to provide the enterprise with modern and high-quality equipment. The second important advantage of a tile production workshop will be the selection of qualified personnel. An active marketing campaign and a well-designed advertising plan will speed up the process of business promotion.

A business plan for the production of paving slabs includes average cost calculations and an approximate profit forecast for the production workshop. Specific financial indicators may differ due to objective and subjective factors, risks and changes in the market. Taking into account the high level of demand for paving slabs among individuals and enterprises, we can draw the following conclusion: with a good preparation of the material base and a thorough study of the sales market, a workshop for the production of tiles will be a profitable and promising undertaking.

Features of the business of producing scarves from scratch - in the video:

Modern construction cannot do without paving paving slabs, so many entrepreneurs set up their own production of concrete products. In order to fully and accurately assess profitability and compare the advantages and disadvantages of such a business, it is necessary to study this issue thoroughly.

Production of paving slabs: niche assessment

Paving slabs are in high demand in any region of the country. It has the widest range not only in shades, but also in shapes, configurations, and sizes. With its help, you can create true masterpieces on city streets and private areas. Therefore, the production of paving slabs is considered the most profitable business in our time.

In order for your tile production to be successful, you must adhere to basic manufacturing technologies. The following performance characteristics must be met:

• resistance to frost and high temperatures;
• strength;
• endurance to mechanical stress;
• durability, etc.

If we evaluate the sales niche, then vibropressed paving slabs are the most popular. For example, ordinary paving stones are the top seller - they are bought in 60 cases out of 100. The remaining types are distributed approximately equally - 20-40%.

Characteristics of the most popular types of paving slabs

Vibropressed. Made from concrete mixture. During production, special vibrocompression equipment is used. Refers to the most common. It has high quality indicators and a wide range.

Vibrocast. It is made according to the previous method, but with the difference that the tiles are not pressed, but are made by casting on vibration equipment. It is also a popular type and is of high quality.

Polymer-sand. Polymer substances are used in manufacturing. It features a wide range of shades and textures. It is possible to imitate stone, wood, slate and other natural materials. Strength is at a high level.

Glowing. Such tiles are not a bestseller, as they have a high cost. Most often it is bought for private areas. Quality indicators are good, used mainly for decorative purposes.

Rubber. Rubber raw materials are used in production. A distinctive feature is anti-slip properties. The quality is high.

Any manufacturer at the initial stage of opening a business is engaged in the production of exclusively vibro-pressed and vibro-cast paving slabs. The fact is that such building material requires a minimum of capital investments and has a high level of return on investment. In 2-3 months you can fully return the invested funds and make your first profit.

You can get acquainted with the production technology of vibratory-pressed paving slabs by watching the video:

Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages:

• payback rate;
• opportunity to earn 100-200 rubles per 1 sq. m of product, and this is a significant amount, since the buyer purchases a large number of tiles at once;
• a wide range of sales - from individuals to government agencies;
• There is no seasonality in sales, since modern paving slabs can be installed in any weather conditions.

Flaws:

• expensive equipment;
• the need to initially invest a large amount of money;
• you will have to rent space for the production workshop.

How to start making paving slabs: costs at the start

Before starting your own production of paving slabs, you need to calculate the costs at the start, that is, determine the amount of investment. First of all, it is calculated production cost. The tiles are made from flat-cement concrete and a special plasticizer, which improves quality indicators. A cubic meter will cost you approximately 2800-3000 rubles. From a cubic meter you can make about 15-17 square meters. m. paving slabs. Thus, the average cost of 1 sq. m. of tiles will be 170 rubles minimum.

Don’t forget about spending on electricity, workers’ salaries, and renting premises. Others may also arise production costs. Therefore, you need to add at least 50 rubles to 170 rubles. Consequently, your paving slabs will cost you 220 rubles at least per 1 sq. m. m. It is possible to purchase raw materials cheaper, but in this case, pay special attention to quality indicators.

Be sure to think about employees who will need to be paid at the end of the month (week). Initially, you don’t know how quickly the sale will go, so the amount is wages you should have some in stock. If you plan a small production, for example, in a workshop of 50 sq. m, then you will only need to hire 2-3 employees.

Provided that you find buyers in a short time, the profitability of production will be 150%. To do this, at the initial stages, you can make tiles from inexpensive materials.

Registration and certification

For your business to be legal, you need to register. For small-scale production, registration as an individual entrepreneur is possible. This will make it possible to choose a profitable and simplified taxation system, which will be only 6%. No special certification is required for paving slabs, which simplifies the task even more. However, the majority of buyers require a quality certificate, so it is advisable to order it additionally. To do this, you need to contact the certification service and provide them with samples of each of your products. The service checks the degree of moisture resistance, strength, and resistance to various temperature changes. Resistance to mechanical stress, fading in the sun and color retention must be taken into account.

Organization, equipment

To properly organize your business, you first need to purchase the appropriate equipment. It must be reliable and of high quality. If you don’t have the required amount, you can rent it at the initial stages. You will need the following:

1. For vibropressed paving slabs you need concrete block press. The price from foreign manufacturers is about $20,000. In addition, you need to purchase concrete mixer, the cost of which is $5,000. You will also need punch for $3,000.
2. To make vibro-cast paving slabs, you need to buy a special vibrating table. Its price is only $4,000. Concrete mixer can be purchased for as little as $600.
3. You can't do without forms. One form costs from 1 $ to 8 $.
4. Molds should be washed after each use. Therefore you will need large capacity. Here you can use a regular bathroom. But if you decide to purchase a professional model, it will cost you at least $1,000.
5. To store finished products, you need to buy special pallets.
6. Buy Desktop, on which you will remove the paving slabs from the mold.
7. You will also need a device for tensioning clamping bands, staples, PP tape, stretch film, and a forklift.

Warehouse space

Warehouse space and production itself can be rented or purchased. It must meet certain requirements:

• the presence of heating, since production requires an air temperature of 15-40 degrees;
• central water supply;
• electricity with a voltage of 380 Volts;
• the minimum area should be 50 sq. m;
• ventilation.

Purchase of raw materials

To avoid unnecessary costs, it is necessary to properly purchase raw materials. For example, for production of 30 sq. m of paving slabs you need to buy 0.8 tons of cement, 2.3 kg of plasticizer, 2.5 kg of sand-granite mixture and coloring pigments in the entire palette. Finding a supplier is quite easy. You can contact the mining quarry management yourself. This method will be the most profitable. If this is not possible, you can find an intermediary company, and there are a lot of them today.

1. Try to purchase cement, pigments and other components from one manufacturer. This is especially important for pigment, since each manufacturer has unique shades of the same color.
2. The storage area should be well ventilated and not have high humidity.
3. Fractions of granite crushed stone should be at least 5 mm, maximum 10.
4. The most popular plasticizer is grade C3.

When choosing a supplier, be sure to inquire about his reputation and experience in the market. Remember, it must be reliable and proven.

How to implement? The most common methods

In the process of opening the production of paving slabs, take care of preliminary advertising. After all, this is how you can interest a potential buyer. Initially, make samples of tiles of various shapes, sizes and shades. Create a product catalog, order booklets that will contain information about the product, its benefits, and range.

The most common and reliable ways to sell products:

1. It is best to post information on online platforms.
2. It is advisable to create your own website.
3. You can also find customers through advertisements in newspapers, magazines, television, etc. It is especially important to place advertisements in a specialized construction publication, since it is the consumer audience that reads it.
4. Order advertising in public transport, from minibuses to the metro.
5. Place advertisements in holiday villages and private sector areas, especially if it is an elite residential area.
6. A fairly popular method of self-promotion is participation in specialized exhibitions.
7. You can use direct mail.
8. Organize a point of sale (you can even do it at the place of production).
9. Experienced manufacturers can also use an unusual marketing ploy. For example, offer a free service to a company or government agency. That is, you can lay paving slabs in front of the building completely free of charge. In return, you must be provided with advertising.

Main consumers of paving slabs

Who most often buys concrete products:

1. Construction companies of any type, buyers for the construction of municipal buildings, fulfillment of other types of orders.
2. Private individuals.
3. Legal entities.

In this material:

A business plan for the production of paving slabs with calculations will help you understand how profitable it is to start this business. When choosing a field of activity, it is necessary to give preference to the manufacture of those products for which there will be demand regardless of the economic situation in the country. This includes the production of goods used for the construction and decoration of houses and local areas. For example, it is profitable to manufacture paving slabs. The basis for the success of a future business is the correct preparation of a business plan, on the basis of which the company’s activities will be conducted.

Competition in this industry is quite high, but demand is also high. It is increasing due to the development of the construction of country houses, improvement of the streets of cities and villages. This business is also considered the least expensive. Any business should begin with registration; small organizations are best registered as individual entrepreneurs. The production of paving slabs does not require obtaining a large number of permits. Registration as an individual entrepreneur allows you to follow a simplified taxation scheme. The production of paving slabs does not require mandatory certification. To increase demand for their own products, an entrepreneur can undergo the certification procedure voluntarily. The finished samples will be tested for the level of frost resistance, moisture resistance, resistance to mechanical damage and exposure to atmospheric factors.

In the initial stages, attention should be paid to the private sector. Here it is enough to produce small batches of goods, while the demand for products is quite high. Garden paths are resurfaced every year. When choosing a durable and aesthetically attractive material for decorating local areas, paving slabs are preferred by most owners of private houses. When drawing up a business plan, you should decide on the necessary equipment. This will help you calculate the costs of starting your own business. The plan should also include the costs of purchasing raw materials that will be needed to produce any batches of goods.

The ideal option is to purchase the premises as your own. It may be small. All equipment can be placed on an area of ​​50 sq.m. About 30 sq.m. will be used for equipment. The remaining area will be used for storing finished products. The premises can also be rented. It must meet fire safety requirements and be connected to the electrical network. A drying chamber will need to be placed in the room.

Paving slab production technology

There are 2 ways to make this product. If the company will be producing large quantities of material, it is recommended to use vibrocompression technology. It is performed in several stages. They start by preparing the concrete mixture in a concrete mixer, after which the solution is fed into the matrix of a concrete block press. At the next stage, vibrators and a punch are used, which compact the material and send it to a special pallet. The tray is placed in the drying chamber. At the third stage, the paving slabs are dried using the thermal-moist method, using water vapor heated to a certain temperature.

To reduce the cost of work, products can be dried without the use of special equipment. Vibration casting technology implies a slightly different procedure for performing work. First, the concrete solution is prepared. It is then poured into molds placed on a vibrating table. Molds with finished products are placed on pallets and left indoors for 2 days. After this, the molds are heated to 60°C and the finished products are removed from them. By performing work on the production of paving slabs using this technology, it is possible to obtain products of unique shapes.

Calculation of costs for opening a tile production enterprise

First of all, you need to purchase a brick making machine, the cost of which is about 1 million rubles. About 200 thousand rubles will be required to purchase a concrete mixer and 100 thousand to purchase a punch. This equipment will make it possible to produce products using the vibration pressing method. It is less expensive to purchase the equipment necessary for the production of tiles using the vibration casting method. A vibrating table costs about 150 thousand rubles, a mold for pouring concrete mixture costs from 100 rubles per piece, about 40 thousand rubles will be required to purchase a concrete mixer. To wash the molds you will need a bath that costs about 70 thousand rubles.

For a small enterprise producing paving slabs, it is enough to hire 3 employees. The storekeeper can also act as a driver. When preparing accounting reports and maintaining documentation, you can use the services of outsourcing companies.

Paving slabs are made of concrete with the addition of a plasticizer. 1 cubic meter of solution costs approximately 3,000 rubles. Up to 15 square meters of tiles can be made from it. Thus, the average cost of 1 sq.m of material will be 150 rubles. To this value you need to add about 60 rubles spent on electricity, labor and additional expenses. The finished product is sold for an average of 300 rubles.

If you take a responsible approach to quality control of your products, you can quickly gain customers. In this case, due to the use of inexpensive materials, the profitability of the project will approach 150%. Thus, even large expenses for the purchase of equipment will pay off within a short period of time.

Currently, the production of construction and finishing materials is considered one of the most attractive fields of activity for budding entrepreneurs.

The production of paving stones requires significant financial costs in the initial stages, but it can bring good profits in the future.

Order a business plan

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