What do you need to make soap. How to make soap at home with your own hands

Increasingly, beautiful ladies are turning to home cosmetology, and this is not surprising. Soap making at home is a fun hobby, perfect for beginners. Recipes vary greatly, you can make a solid bar or liquid soap. Let's take it all step by step!

Soap making for beginners - what you need to have in your arsenal?

Since do-it-yourself soap is made exclusively on a natural basis, all the necessary components must be prepared in advance. You may have some of them at home.

The foundation

1. Soap making is so popular that today you can collect all the ingredients. The basis is a solid bar or a chip-like mass, which includes natural oils, alkali, water.

2. The base can be matte or transparent texture. In creative stores that sell everything for making soap, you can find a base with swirls. Such a base will allow you to make soap with squiggles. Its structure is viscous, viscous, the final soap turns out to be very beautiful.

3. If you do not have the desire or ability to buy a base, use ordinary soap for children. This option is suitable if you do not mind getting a matte bar of the product.

4. However, if you are just starting your soap making career, remember that the special base dries and lathers better than baby soap. It does not cause irritation, does not smell.

Oils

1. Soap making at home is good because it is suitable for beginners. Also, all recipes assume the presence of base oils. They have nourishing, moisturizing, softening characteristics.

2. Such additives almost do not smell, but at the same time they are considered quite fatty. The best option would be sea buckthorn, peach, argan, olive, almond, coconut, sunflower, wheat germ oil. For 0.1 kg. bases are supposed to be 10-25 ml. oils.

Dyes

1. In the process of making handmade soap, you should take care of the presence of dyes. At home, food-grade pigments are used, they are safe for the skin. For beginners, we recommend choosing mineral-based dyes.

2. In addition, it is allowed to add fruit, berry, vegetable juices, decoctions on medicinal plants.

3. In some cases, vegetable oils already make a bar with a certain shade. For example, fir oil gives soap a greenish tinge.

4. Freshly ground cinnamon powder will not only add fragrance to the detergent, but also color it brown. And the substance E171, which is otherwise called titanium dioxide, gives the soap a haze.

5. Dyes with pearlescent particles are sold in soap shops or "All for Needlework". When added, the finished bar will shine and shimmer.

Related accessories (moulders, alcohol, etc.)

1. Since soap making at home is a rather painstaking process, especially for beginners, you need to study all the recipes and prepare related materials.

2. Choose cells of any size and type as molds. Thanks to them, you will make detergent bars with impressive outlines: in the form of animals, flowers, geometric shapes, etc.

3. Molds should be made of silicone, plastic, rubber, but in no case glass or metal.

4. In addition, you will need a spray bottle (pulverizer) with alcohol poured into it. This is necessary to prevent bubbles in the finished product bar.

5. From related products, you need Chinese wooden mixing sticks, plastic cups and spoons, a pipette, toothpicks, thin medical gloves.

Ethers

1. Added to give a pleasant smell, the necessary beneficial properties (disinfection, tightening, whitening, nutrition, etc.).

2. Depending on the problem to be solved, add citrus ether (rejuvenates), fir (disinfects), shea (calms). You can choose the broadcasts of your choice.

3. It is important to remember forever that these ingredients are strictly forbidden to be added in large volumes. For 0.1 kg. the base is given a maximum of 20 drops.

Additives and decorations

1. Soap making, which is carried out at home, includes useful additives and various decorations. For beginners, the process of creating a fragrant product is not difficult, all recipes are written step by step.

2. Sequins, seeds of any nature, coffee beans, pieces of fruit (berries, plants), dried fruits, nuts act as decorations.

3. Grated chocolate, ground coffee or thick, cream, milk, cereals and bran (ground), salt are distinguished from useful additives.

Easy Soap Making Recipes for Beginners

Making scented soap is pretty easy with step by step instructions. Most importantly, do not forget to sprinkle the mass with alcohol to eliminate the bubbles.

Recipe number 1. lavender paradise

• base - 90-100 gr.
• lavender ether - 14-16 drops
• lavender inflorescences - 5 gr.
• vegetable oils (any) - 10 ml.

1. Rub the base, then pour it into a glass bowl and send it to languish in a water bath. You can melt the base in the microwave, the main thing is not to overdo it. Otherwise, soap will not work.

2. In small portions, pour in vegetable oils (olive, almond, etc.), as well as ether and dried flowers.

3. Prepare the molds, sprinkle them with alcohol from a spray bottle. Pour the composition for the future soap into the cells, sprinkle the mass with alcohol on top to eliminate bubbles.

4. Leave the prepared molds with soap for a while to solidify the liquid. Then remove the finished bars, keep in a dry place for 5 hours.

5. As you can see, soap making at home is a simple matter even for beginners. All recipes, including "lavender paradise", are clear and simple. Soap has a pronounced antibacterial effect.

Recipe number 2. Coffee yoghurt pudding

• base (transparent) - 100 gr.
• freshly ground cinnamon - 12 gr.
• titanium dioxide (in dry or liquid form) - in fact
• food coloring (purple) - 2 drops
• food flavor (cappuccino) - 4 drops

1. Melt 25 gr. base, combine with cinnamon powder and knead. Spray the mold with alcohol, pour this liquid into it. Leave the layer to dry.

2. Proceed to the next step. Melt another 25 gr. bases, mix with titanium dioxide until matt. Enter a drop of dye, 2 drops of flavor.

3. Arm yourself with a toothpick, pick up a cell with the first layer of soap (frozen). Scratch it so that the mass becomes rough. Pour the second purple layer. Spray with alcohol from a spray bottle.

5. On top of the third tier is the fourth, cook it like the second. Spray, dry, apply!

Recipe number 3. Massage citrus mix

• loofah (dry plant) - actual quantity
• base (transparent) - 180 gr.
• grape seed oil - 14 drops
• dye (yellow) - 9 drops
• dye (red) - 7 drops
• food flavoring (orange or lemon) - 6 drops

Soap making at home is carried out with the help of additional components. For beginners, this technology may seem complicated, you can consider other recipes.

1. Loofah is a dry plant from Asia, you can buy it in the shops "All for Needlework". Measure out a small piece, put in a round cup.

2. Soak with water and wait a quarter of an hour, the loofah will take the form of a container. When the plant becomes soft, remove it and squeeze out excess liquid. Otherwise, moisture will interfere with the soap making process.

3. During this time, send the entire base according to the recipe to the water bath, drown. Then pour equally into two glasses. In the first of them, enter half the volume of grape oil, 7 drops of yellow food coloring, 3 drops of citrus flavor.

4. Add the melted base in the second glass with the remaining grape oil, 3 drops of flavor, red dye in full according to the recipe, 2 drops of yellow pigment. You will receive an orange mass.

5. Wait for the moment when the two masses in the glasses become thick. On the surface you will notice a thin film. Prepare the loofah, put it in the form cell.

6. Take a glass in each hand, start pouring both masses into the loofah mold not randomly, but carefully from both sides. The colors will connect, slightly smooth the border between them with a toothpick. Spray with alcohol, let dry. Ready!

Recipe number 4. coniferous hurricane

• base - 0.1 kg.
• food coloring (green) - 3 drops
• purified water - 5 ml.
• titanium dioxide (E171) - in fact
• fir oil - 60 ml.
• alcohol - in fact

Soap making at home is quite an interesting activity that is great for beginners. The recipes of the product are quite diverse, do not be afraid to experiment.

1. Melt the soap base in a steam bath. In one, dilute the dye with water. Enter the soap base, mix. In another container, combine the melted base with titanium dioxide. The result should be a matte mass.

2. Enter 30 ml into each container. fir oil. Mix ingredients thoroughly. To easily get rid of the bubbles, it is necessary to pre-sprinkle the containers (empty) with alcohol. After applying the base, repeat the spray.

3. Use a silicone mold in the form of a square or rectangle. Pour the liquid from the two molds alternately. Spray alcohol over the mass. Once the soap has hardened, chop it into pieces. There will be a beautiful pattern inside.

Recipe number 5. Scrub soap

• coffee grounds - 65 gr.
• olive oil - 60 ml.
• sea ​​salt - 55 gr.
• base - 190 gr.
• water - 15 ml.

Consider how to make scrub soap at home. The recipe is easy even for beginners. Dare!

1. Melt the soap base according to the classical technology. Enter the oil and mix. Gradually start adding boiled water. Do not stop the kneading process. After 2-3 minutes, the mass should acquire plasticity and uniformity.

2. Pour coffee grounds with salt into it. Re-mix the ingredients. Lubricate the molds in advance and distribute soap over them. Products will be ready for use in 3 days. The finished soap will be dry with a homogeneous dense structure.

Recipe number 6. honey soap

• argan oil - 30 ml.
• base - 100 gr.
• honey - 30 gr.
• pearlescent dye - a pinch

1. Warm up the base in the usual way. Enter the components into the mass. Stir while introducing the dye.

2. In the end, the soap will turn out to be a magical ebb. Send the base to the mold, sprinkle with alcohol and wait for solidification.

Recipe number 7. Cleansing soap

• base - 110 gr.
• grape seed oil - 30 ml.
• algae - 25 gr.
• sea ​​flavor - 3 drops
• olive oil - 30 ml.
• blue dye - 3 drops

With this soap recipe, you can get rid of acne and similar skin problems at home. For beginners, the procedure is quite simple. Recipes are available to everyone.

1. Warm up the soap base for a couple, achieve a liquid state. Enter in the composition of all the above components.

2. Thoroughly knead the finished composition for a while. Pour soap into molds, sprinkle with alcohol, use after hardening.

Recipe number 8. Coffee peeling soap

• rosewood oil - 5 drops
• matte base - 120 gr.
• white clay - 50 gr.
• sea ​​salt (fine) - 30 gr.
• ground coffee - 20 gr.

1. Introduce all components into the heated base gradually. Do not forget to thoroughly mix the mixture. Pour soap into molds, sprinkle with alcohol, wait for complete solidification.

2. The finished soap has a pleasant aroma and is used as a peeling. The product perfectly eliminates dead skin particles, soothing the epidermis.

Recipe number 9. Olive soap

• honey bee - 80 gr.
• olive oil - 90 ml.
• base - 320 gr.
• green dye - 4 drops
• ground basil - 10 gr.

Soap making at home will appeal to many housewives. For beginners, it will not be difficult to make a quality product. Recipes are available to everyone.

1. Use a steam bath and melt the soap base. Start gradually introducing all the components in turn. Do not stop stirring the mass.

2. Pour the finished composition into beautiful forms that are designed for 3 pieces. This soap perfectly nourishes the skin, cleansing and softening it.

Recipe number 10. Liquid soap

• baby soap (bar) - 100 gr.
• glycerin - 30 ml.
• fragrant herbal decoction - 1.8-2 liters.
• dyes and flavors - to your taste
• almond or lavender oil - 50 ml.

Liquid soap can be made by hand from various components. At home, you can take any components you like.

1. To prepare a herbal decoction, it is enough to purchase it at a pharmacy and brew it according to the instructions on the pack. After insisting, strain the remedy. In the meantime, grind a bar of soap on a fine grater.

2. Heat the herbal base in a saucepan. Gradually introduce shavings. Do not forget to mix the composition thoroughly. The result should be a homogeneous liquid. As soon as the component dissolves, turn off the stove and wait for it to cool.

3. If necessary, get rid of the foam, if it appears. When the mass has cooled, add glycerin and all the necessary components into it. The composition can be supplemented with liquid vitamins. Play around with colors and flavors.

4. Stir the ingredients until smooth. After a few hours, the composition will acquire a thicker consistency. Liquid soap should be poured into portioned containers. You can use it as directed.

As can be understood from all of the above, soap making at home is an extremely exciting and easy process, even for beginners. All recipes are step-by-step, so you should not have any difficulties with the implementation of your plan. Create your miracle!

Soap making at home for beginners can seem like a daunting task. However, there are many recipes on how to make soap yourself. In addition, it is possible to purchase all the necessary ingredients for the production of such hygiene products. This simplifies the process and allows you to create unusual versions of such products using natural ingredients and aromatic oils.

What do you need to make soap at home?

Home soap making involves the use of a purchased soap base or the preparation of the composition from scratch. To get the base, you can melt the remnants or use natural baby soaps that do not include fragrances. At the same time, making soap from a ready-made base is much easier. There are many varieties of bases on sale, incl. organic. The list of excipients depends on the soap recipe and its composition.

Soap base ingredients

The soap base facilitates the process of creating an original product, but auxiliary components will also be needed. Important ingredients include:

• dyes;
• medical alcohol;
• base vegetable oils;
• essential oils;
• flavors.

When choosing a base, it should be noted that they differ not only in price and manufacturer, but also in composition, hardening rate, hardness and other important characteristics.

Base oils, as well as additional ingredients such as cream and body milk, are introduced into the composition so that it does not crack and nourish the skin. At the same time, an excess of such components is undesirable. Homemade soap, which contains fatty substances, may not lather well.

During the preparation of this product at home, you can use both fragrant essential oils and cosmetic, confectionery flavors. If desired, ground coffee, petals, herbs and many other components can be added to the composition. Dyes are available in both dry and liquid form.

What ingredients are used to make soap from scratch?

To make soap from scratch, you first need to purchase the components necessary for making the base. These include:

• oils for saponification;
• alkali;
• liquid.

Additional components necessary for the preparation of the product include:

• organic acids;
• plasticizers;
• glycerol;
• lanolin;
• flavors;
• dyes, etc.

The acids most commonly used to make handmade soap at home include succinic acid, lactic acid, etc. These substances will harden the product and give it bactericidal properties. Glycerin and lanolin soften the skin. Honey, sorbitol, fructose or sugar can act as a plasticizer. These components are necessary to increase the formation of foam.

Tools and devices

Making soap at home is not difficult, but it will require a number of tools and appliances. These include:

• measuring spoon;
• enamel pot;
• beaker;
• whisk;
• kitchen scales;
• molds;
• sprayer for alcohol;
• container for working with alkali;
• glass rod.

The tools that will be used for the manufacture of the product cannot be used in the future for cooking.

Making solid soap at home

Solid soap can be made from a base or from scratch. Each option has its own characteristics and subtleties.

Soap base

Before starting work on the creation of soap, you should prepare the necessary tools and ingredients. The next step is cutting the base. They are transferred to a suitable container and melted in a water bath. All necessary additional components should be introduced into the hot mass and mixed thoroughly. After that, the molds are filled with the composition. They need to be sprayed with alcohol to remove air. The composition should be left for a day to solidify.

It is important to choose the right amount of additional components. For 100 g of the base, it is enough to introduce 1/3 tsp. base oil. Flavorings for this amount of base is recommended to add no more than ½ tsp. Essential oils can be administered in the amount of 3-7 drops. The amount of injected liquid dye should be no more than 1-7 drops.

Cold and hot manufacturing from scratch

These methods of making soap are not the safest, so they are recommended for people with experience in soap making. When using the cold method, you first need to measure the required amount of alkali and ice water is poured into a separate container. Alkali should be slowly poured into water, and then quickly stirred. After that, solid oils are heated in a water bath.

They are heated to a temperature of +37 °C. The alkaline solution is filtered through a sieve into oils. After that, the composition must be gently whipped with a blender. When the composition acquires a viscous consistency, additional ingredients are introduced into it. All components are mixed and poured into molds. It is necessary to give the composition a day to solidify. However, in the future it must be wrapped in a film and left to ripen for a month.

When cooking by the hot method, after mixing the components and preparing the base, it is placed in a water bath and simmered under the lid for at least 3-4 hours. This reduces the maturation time of the soap. Stir the mixture every 30 minutes. After that, all the necessary components are introduced into it, packaging is carried out in molds.

Safety rules when working with alkali

Contact with alkali on the skin can cause severe burns, so special care is required when working with this substance. You need to wear gloves, a respirator and goggles. It is advisable to wear closed clothing made from natural fabrics.

Be sure to provide additional air flow into the room. Water should be used as chilled as possible, because when it comes into contact with alkali, a lot of heat is released. Containers that will come into contact with alkali should be glass.

Soap Recipes

The dosage of the ingredients must be observed. Using soap recipes, you can get the best result.

baby

To make children's craft soap, you need 250 g of organic base. In addition, you will need components such as;

• tangerine oil - 1-2 drops;
• a decoction of a string - 1 tsp;
• carrot juice - ½ tsp;
• almond oil - 2 tsp

These components are added to the base, and then the mass is poured into molds. You can make animals, birds and flowers out of soap.

Tar

For the manufacture of tar soap for 100 g of the base, 1.5 tsp will be required. birch tar, as well as 1/3 tsp. calendula extract. It is also recommended to add 6 drops of peppermint essential oil to the composition. These components are introduced into the hot base.

Two-layer colored soap with honey

To create a two-layer soap, the same compositions are kneaded in different containers, but the dye and flavors change. In this case, no more than 1 tsp is introduced into the composition. natural honey. After that, different types of compositions are simultaneously poured into one mold and left to solidify. There are many options for the arrangement of flowers in soap. You can use the form in the form of honeycombs.

The use of remnants

From remnants, you can make an original product. It will take about 200 g of remnants. They should be grated, add 5 tablespoons to them. water, 2 tbsp. tinctures of calendula and the same amount of glycerin. All components are mixed and heated in a water bath. When the mass becomes homogeneous, it must be filled with pre-prepared molds.

How to make liquid soap?

There are several ways to make liquid soap at home.

From remnants

To prepare liquid soap, grate approximately 50 g of remnants. The chips are mixed with distilled water and calendula tincture. After that, essential oil and glycerin are added to the composition. All components are heated in a water bath. The finished composition should be filtered and poured into a container with a dispenser.

Liquid laundry soap

To prepare such a composition, grate remnants of laundry soap on graters and add 1 liter of water and essential oils to it. All components are placed in a saucepan and heated over low heat until the chips dissolve. After that, the composition is poured into a suitable container and used for household needs.

Making soap at home is not only a fashion trend. This skill helps to produce a useful and safe personal care product, and quite simply. All you need to do is heat the finished base, add dyes and flavors and pour into a mold. After mastering this process, you can move on to advanced technologies. For example, to the production of soap with swirls.

What is a soap base?

The first step in making soap is choosing a base. There are many base options. Some of them include synthetic ingredients. Others contain natural ingredients. The bases are also divided into white and transparent. In the final product, a clear base will produce brighter colors. And white will help to get pastel colors.

The best option for those who want to make complex soaps is to buy a pre-made soap base. In this case, it is not always possible to apply all the ingredients that you would like to see in the finished product. But you can buy wonderful soap bases: with olive and coconut oil, with goat's milk and other ingredients.

Glycerin is a by-product of the soap making process. This substance is not thrown away, but is usually kept by most soap makers for sale in order to increase profits. This ingredient is good for the skin., because it moisturizes it very well and has some healing properties.

Natural soap base must have 100% organic matter. If the manufacturer does not indicate the full composition of the ingredients, then you should not buy his products.

If you want a beautiful skin color, it is very important that synthetic and chemical harmful substances do not get on it.

Most melting and pouring soap bases, with the exception of goat's milk varieties, do not contain animal products such as fat. If you are concerned about this issue, be sure to check the ingredients list for the specific soap base you plan to use.

The bases for making soap are also:

• with shea butter;
• honey;
• oatmeal;
• with olive oil;
• with aloe vera;
• with coconut milk.

Proportions and manufacturing rules

The recipe for making homemade soap is very simple, but the handmade process itself takes a lot of time. The good news is that homemade soap will contain only the ingredients you choose. This is perfect for allergy sufferers and people who appreciate natural cosmetics without preservatives. Soaps are usually made from vegetable oils. And the detergent contained in it is a solution of sodium hydroxide.

Let's analyze the process of making soap at home using a specific example.

To make soap we need:

• 1 kg of oilcake or 1 liter of olive oil;
• 127 g sodium hydroxide;
• 380 ml of cold distilled water.

The manufacturing process consists of several main phases.

alkalization

First phase.

1. Pour 127 g of hydroxide into a bowl. Then we measure 380 ml of water in another container.
2. Slowly pour the hydroxide into the water, remembering to stir. During this operation, a lot of heat is released, the water becomes hot.
3. Gently place the thermometer into the solution. If you are confident in the strength of your dishes, you can put them in a sink with cool water, the mixture will cool faster.

It must be remembered that aluminum should not be used when choosing accessories for making soap. Anything in contact with alkalis should be glass, wood or stainless steel. While the alkali solution is cooling down (up to 40 degrees), we measure exactly 1 liter of olive oil and heat it up to about 40 degrees.

Mixing

Next phase.

1. Slowly pour the lye into the oil in a thin stream, stirring with a wooden spoon.
2. Next, you need to beat the mixture in a blender. Gradually, the yellow liquid turns into a homogeneous creamy mass.
3. After the soap base has warmed up, fragrances and other ingredients can be added. Then pour the resulting mass into molds.

Pouring

The last step is to pour the mass into molds.

1. Pour the prepared mass into the prepared form. Then tightly cover it with plastic wrap or wrap it in a towel.
2. To keep the heat in shape, put it next to a radiator or other heating device.
3. Let the solution sit for about an hour to cool and set.

In the absence of molds, you can cut the soap with an ordinary knife.

Let's look at some additional features of the process.

Base heating

Regardless of which soap base you choose, the first step to making soap is to grind the base into small pieces. This helps the soap melt evenly and quickly. To do this, divide the soap base into small pieces, about 1 cm each.

It is very important that the base is melted over low heat. You might be tempted to just toss the soap base into a pot on the stove or microwave it for 5 minutes, but don't be tempted. This is a quick way to ruin soap.

Soap bases melt at about 120 degrees. Therefore, their melting does not take much time. If using a microwave, melt the soap base for 30 seconds and stir between uses.

Dyes

The amount of dye added depends on its type. Use dyes designed specifically for soap. They are safe for the skin and will not irritate or damage the skin. Avoid using food or other dyes that you think might be appropriate for the case.

Soap dyes come in two main types:

• dry powdered;
• liquid soap, safe for the skin.

Both of them are pretty cheap. Therefore, you really should not try to save money and use food coloring.

In addition to dyes, you can add soap and other additives.

• You can add your favorite spices or medicinal ingredients at the appropriate point in the recipe. Thanks to this, the soap will not only look attractive, but also smell good.
• To get a beautiful cosmetic, add bell pepper or turmeric to the mass before pouring into the mold.
• To flavor the soap, add a few drops of vanilla, two pinches of cinnamon or aromatic tea to the mass. You can also use flower petals.

Soap recipes with useful additives

Before proceeding to consider different recipes, you need to dwell on some general rules.

• Consider adding gentle essential oils that are safe to apply to the skin in low concentrations. These include, for example, lavender, orange or sesame oil.
• The addition of oil to the base also helps create a nourishing soap that cleanses the skin well. The secret is to add enough oil for a softening effect without overdoing it. Otherwise, the product will turn out too soft or oily.
• Add oil in an amount of no more than 1-3% of the total weight of the soap.

Additives such as oatmeal, lavender, and poppy seeds can be great additions to soaps. They add a bit of subtle fragrance and color, helping to make the bar of soap unique and appealing. Coffee additives give a characteristic smell and a subtle scrub effect.

With herbs and flowers

Dried herbs such as lavender, chamomile, and rose petals are excellent choices. You will need 6 to 12 grams of herbs per 450 grams of soap. Before pouring the soap into the mold, add herbs or flowers. Thus, they will not lose their color much. Herbal soap works great as hand soap. But it can be too "prickly" as a bath or shower soap.

For fragrance, texture and color

Just 1 tablespoon (15 grams) of ground spices allows you to take your product to a whole new level. Stir the spice into the soap after you remove it from the heat. There is a large selection of spices including cinnamon, pumpkin and ground turmeric.

Experts have also identified several ingredients for a moisturizing effect.

• Don't use regular cow's milk butter or it will go rancid. Instead, try one of the following oils: cocoa, shea, mango, or vegetable. You will need 1 to 2 tablespoons (15 to 30 grams) per 450 grams of soap.
• Cocoa and shea butter are great for lathering.
• Mango butter is used to soothe irritated skin, treat sunburn and reduce dryness.

With extracts

Extracts are not the same as essential or aromatic oils. Although some of them can add fragrance to soaps, they are mainly used for their individual properties. Usually use 1-2 tablespoons (15 to 30 ml) of extract per 450 g of soap - add them along with dyes and fragrances. Listed below are the general features and benefits.

• Chamomile extract relieves stress well. It is also an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory agent. Can be used in the manufacture of baby soap.
• grapefruit seed extract is a natural disinfectant. It contains vitamins A, C and E.
• Green tea extract can help with sunburn, irritation and acne.
• Guava fruit extract contains vitamins A, B and C. It is especially good for aging skin.

With exfoliating additives

How to make soap with swirls?

Swirls in translation from English means "whirlwinds" or "curls". Special soap bases for swirls retain viscosity when heated. This property is used to obtain multi-colored soap bars, with various beautiful and unusual patterns (stars, hearts, and others).

Consider this method of soap making on a specific example.

Materials:

• 150 g of white soap based on shea butter;
• 5 drops of eucalyptus essential oil;
• 5 drops of turquoise dye;
• seashell shape;
• alcohol spray bottle.

Are you thinking about getting into homemade soap making but don't know where to start?
First you need to prepare all the necessary raw materials and equipment. To do this, we buy according to the list below everything you need to make handmade soap.

It is transparent, white and colored. Sold in specialty soap shops. It is produced by both Russian and foreign companies. Different MOs differ from each other in transparency, plasticity, smell, color, effect on the skin, foaming and, of course, price. MOs are now being produced that do not contain sodium lauryl sulfate, or in the form of a cream. There are glow-in-the-dark MOs, there are jelly ones. Color MO is more expensive than transparent MO, so it is better to make such a base yourself using dyes.

Very easy to use soap molds. Thanks to its flexibility, the shape simply turns inside out and is removed from the soap like a stocking. The soap can be removed while still slightly warm. Molds are purchased at the hardware store as "ice molds" or "bake molds". In such stores they are sold in plates, 4-8 identical pieces per sheet. The range is not very large. In soap shops they are sold by the piece.

They have a huge variety for every taste. They are hard and the soap can only be removed if it has solidified well. With strong pressure, the shape can be broken.

4. Volumetric forms.

There are also 3D shapes. The soap in them turns out to be “voluminous”. Such forms consist of two halves with a hole for pouring the melt. The halves are fastened with a lock. They are many times more expensive than flat forms.

Dyes are used in a variety of ways. There are food colorings, there are mineral pigments, there are neon and gel paints. They are sold both dry and already diluted. Concentrated dyes are enough for several kg of soap.

To give the soap a pleasant smell, cosmetic fragrances are used. There are a lot of them in stores. You can buy essential oils at the pharmacy and also add them to soap as fragrances. You can combine scents and create your own scent.

It is best to melt MO in a microwave oven in thick-walled glass or polyethylene cups of various capacities. A plaster is glued to the glass, on which it is convenient to mark the melt level for a particular form.

Hot melt is safer to stir with glass or wooden (from sushi) sticks. It is better to have several of these sticks for each MO color.

It is easier to cut the MO with a large knife, and the notch between the multi-colored layers, the refinement of the finished soap and the correction of small defects is best done with a small knife or even a scalpel. Different round holes are made with drills of various diameters.

In order for the multi-colored layers in the soap to adhere better, use alcohol in a spray bottle. Alcohol (or any antiseptic solution) is bought at a pharmacy.

If you add glitters (sequins) or mother-of-pearl of various colors to a transparent MO, then the soap will turn out to be very beautiful, as if luminous and iridescent from the inside.

12. and stamps.

The finished soap can be decorated with various decorative elements: toys, poppy seeds, glass beads, etc. You can use various stamps that give beautiful prints on the back of the soap.

If you have prepared all this, then it's time to show the world your masterpiece. Good luck.

soap ingredients

Obtaining a soap base is carried out by treating various natural or synthetic fats with alkalis. This process is often referred to as saponification. As a result of a chemical reaction, fats break down into salts of fatty acids (soap base) and glycerin. The basis is easily obtained from natural fats. As raw materials, you can choose animal or vegetable fats.

Various additives are also widely used: flavors, dyes. It is not necessary to add them, but thanks to them, the soap becomes special, unique.

Tools and devices

The process may require tools. Here is some of them:

• Basis melting vessel
• water bath
• spoon or small spatula
• grater
• beaker
• thermometer
• alcohol
• soap molds

As a container for solidifying soap, you can use plastic or metal utensils that are not used for cooking. You can also use forms purchased from specialized stores. Silicone containers have proven themselves well. Soap does not stick to them so much and it is easier to get the finished product out of them.

Making solid soap at home

The soap making process basically consists of several stages. First, the base is prepared. It can be purchased in advance, or made independently (the method will be described in more detail below). The preparation process consists in grinding the component and melting it.

You can melt the base in a water bath or using a microwave oven. In the latter case, this must be done carefully, slowly heating the component so that it does not boil.

The next step is the addition of dyes, fragrances, and other ingredients. With their quantity and proportions, you can experiment, or you can follow strictly according to the recipe - a matter of taste for everyone.

Finally, the resulting mixture is poured into molds and left to cool, after which the soap can be used. Here are some ways to make soap.

From a soap base or remnants

Surprisingly, old soap and leftover remnants can also be “reanimated”. A product that has received a second life acquires an extraordinary lightness. It becomes pleasant to the touch and lathers well. To make this soap you will need:

• transparent base - 240 g
• remnants - 240 g
• dye
• essential oils of several types - 12 drops each
• alcohol
• santal - 8 drops;

Let's start manufacturing. It is necessary to finely grind the old soap, this can be done, for example, with a grater. Cut the base into small pieces and place it together with the soap crumbs in a bowl to melt.

The container with the resulting mixture is placed in a water bath, covered with a light lid and gently melted. While the soap is melting, you can prepare the mold by lubricating it with rapeseed oil.

As soon as the mixture acquires a homogeneous consistency, it must be stopped heating. Essential oil is added to the resulting base in accordance with the proportions according to the recipe.

All contents are thoroughly beaten until foam is formed. If possible, it is more convenient to do this with a mixer. The resulting consistency is poured into the prepared form and left to solidify, after which the finished product can be taken out.

If there are various food colors, then the melted base can be divided into several parts, and each can be given a certain color. After each part, also beat and pour all the parts into the mold in layers.

Remember, each previous layer must be pre-hardened, it is advisable to moisten it with alcohol before applying the next. The cooled mass can be removed from the mold, divided into parts and used.

cold way

Getting started, you need to prepare all the ingredients. You will need: vegetable or animal fats, an aqueous solution of alkali, dyes and flavors (optional). It is also worth preparing all the tools in advance.

If there is no ready-made alkaline solution, you need to make it yourself. Working with alkali and its solutions requires special care! It is advisable to do this with gloves. The required amount of alkali is weighed and the corresponding volume of clean cold water is measured based on the proportions. Alkali is slowly added to cold water, constantly stirring the solution. As a result of dissolution, heat is released, so while the resulting liquid is cooling, they begin to melt the fats.

Fats are heated in a water bath and the melt is brought to a temperature of 38 degrees. The temperature of the alkaline solution is also brought to this value, after which the reagent can be gradually poured into the fat melt, constantly stirring the mixture. After that, carefully beat the contents until a viscous consistency is formed. Add other ingredients as desired.

The resulting mixture is transferred to molds for solidification and left for a day. Then the soap is removed. To make it ready for use, it must be kept for another month.

hot way

The hot method is completely similar to the cold method of making soap up to the stage of formation of a thick consistency. So let's start with her.

The viscous mixture is placed in a water bath and boiled in a container closed with a lid for 4 hours over low heat. It is necessary to monitor the level of water in the bath, as well as stir the mixture. The finished soap base should have a gel-like form. The resulting mass is removed from the bath and the other remaining components are added to it. After that, the soap mass is poured into molds and left for a day. Soap is ready!

How to make liquid laundry soap

In addition to solid soap, liquid soap is often used in the household. There is no big difference between them in composition, with the exception of two components - glycerin and water. Due to them, liquid soap has a thick fluid consistency. Its preparation can be seen in the following recipe. You will need:

• glycerin - 2 tbsp. l.
• dyes (optional)
• essential oils (1 or 2 types) - 8 drops each
• soap base - 1 pc.
• herbs

Prepare herbal decoction. Finely chopped herbs are poured with boiling water and infused for half an hour, after which they are filtered and the tincture is diluted. For cooking, you need only 4 liters of the finished broth. Prepare the base, which can be taken as a finished product or use soap that does not contain additives.

For these purposes, children's is well suited. The base is ground into small chips, its amount should be approximately 400 grams. Soap crumbs are mixed with a decoction and melted in a water bath until dissolved. It is necessary to ensure that the melt is not digested, otherwise its properties and consistency will be different. Wait until the molten mass cools down, and add the remaining components: glycerin, essential oils and dye. Liquid soap is ready to use.