What bird is more profitable to breed at home? Poultry farming as an affordable home business.

Statistics confirm that now in Russia the demand for poultry meat is quite high, and only continues to grow. We are talking not only about chicken meat, but also about the meat of geese, quails, turkeys.

Today, the buyer prefers not frozen, but locally produced fresh meat, which is sold in. This opens up great prospects for this type of business.

Company registration

Any earnings in the production of meat, even if it is, must begin with the preparation of the necessary documentation. Such enterprises are registered as farms, less often they are registered as LLC. In the event that the farm will be engaged in breeding activities, it is better to choose a site for it away from the city. But it is better to place meat production closer to the city, this will further reduce transport costs.

To organize a farm, you need to get a plot of land. Its dimensions depend on the technology you will use. For example, when raising geese, this may be the use of compound feed or grazing. If it is planned to grow ducks, a pond is needed on the site. Before starting his activity, the farmer must obtain a certificate that confirms the quality of the products and a certificate from the veterinary service. The same goes for people involved.

Initial investment

Buying young animals

To start the production of poultry meat, you need an initial investment of 5-7 thousand dollars. But these funds may not be enough for the construction of premises for poultry, the acquisition of high-quality young animals, incubators, and equipment for heating chicks. You can buy young animals both in your own and in neighboring regions - almost every region today has breeding stock.

Price market:

• young geese - 95 rubles;
• turkeys - 85-90 rubles;
• ducks - 60 rubles.

We buy 1000 heads. Costs - 1000 x 86 rubles. (average cost) = 86,000 rubles.

The required area of ​​​​the poultry house can be determined by the type of animals on the basis that one square. m. You can place two turkeys, four geese or three ducks. The area is saved a little when breeding quails, which can be placed on one square meter about 300 . This indicator can be achieved by building cells in 2-3 floors.

Initial investment for a mini-farm (prices in rubles):

• purchase of young animals - 86,000;
• cell construction - 110,000;
• additional equipment - 61,000;
• renovation of the premises - 52,000.

Large farm equipment

To ensure the availability of clean water, to ensure optimal feeding of the bird, you need to purchase feeders and. As a rule, for breeding, farmers buy nests and incubators.

The best option is to buy used equipment. Here is an offer we found on the internet. Equipment includes

quail

Quails require great attention when feeding, since they need to be fed 2-3 times a day, while each bird has up to 30 g of feed per day. Feed costs account for at least 40% of all costs. But the profit can be one and a half to two times more than when breeding geese.

Turkeys

It is very profitable to grow turkeys, they are 3 times more profitable than. Like any business, turkey farming requires certain skills, equipment, and an initial investment. Turkey meat is very popular in almost all parts of our country. You can also earn money by selling eggs.

chicken farm business plan

Interview with an entrepreneur

Poultry farming as a successful business attracts many - the simplicity of business organization, relatively low initial investment, consistently high demand for products and the ability to make good profits. Poultry meat is considered to be dietary - it is eaten even by those who, for health reasons or the prescriptions of a nutritionist, are contraindicated in beef and pork.

Breeding and raising poultry is quite possible to organize at home, it is possible to independently regulate production volumes, respond flexibly to market demands, breeding several species at once or switching from one type of bird to another. For a successful start, it is enough to think through everything carefully, draw up a business plan and invest several thousand rubles.

Stages of organizing a small poultry business:

1) Choice optimal direction– after studying the market, competitors’ offers, demand, features of growing poultry and other nuances: determining profitability

2) Financial calculations– a detailed analysis of all costs (registration, rent of space, arrangement of the poultry house, purchase of young animals, feed, etc.), potential profit

3) Definition payback periods and making a list of everything you need

4) Execution of works, project implementation

Choice of direction and preparation

When choosing a direction, it is necessary to take into account a lot of factors and features. The very business idea of ​​making money on poultry farming is not new - almost all rural residents breed birds for themselves and for sale, but not everyone knows how to create a large farm and effectively breed, grow birds on the scale of hundreds and thousands of carcasses.

Pre-desirable explore the market analyze the level of supply of different types of meat and eggs, find what is in demand and is not represented in sufficient volume. So, if there is little chicken in the region and it is brought from afar, it makes sense to conclude agreements with local supermarkets in advance or open several points for the sale of chicken products - meat, eggs, offal, semi-finished products.

If there are enough birds in a city or region, but there are no relatively rare species and a niche for selling quail or turkey is free, then it is better to develop this direction. It is also worth paying attention to the difficulties in breeding, growing. Almost all types of birds are quite unpretentious, but they require proper arrangement of premises, competent rationing.

The most popular types:

• Geese and ducks
• Chickens (broilers, laying hens)
• Pheasants and

The simplest directions are chicken, duck. It is more difficult to breed quails and pheasants; turkeys require the creation of the right conditions. You can earn money by selling meat (carcasses, offal, separate parts), eggs, meat and eggs at the same time. It is advisable to decide in advance, since the choice of bird breed will depend on which option is preferred.

The implementation of a poultry farming business idea at home requires proper registration. Usually they choose LLC or, indicating the OKVED code of group 01.47, which regulates the breeding and rearing of chickens, turkeys, ducks, guinea fowl, geese. In this case, we are not talking about the production of down and feathers, so you can additionally specify the code 10.12. Raising for eggs, for meat, breeding young animals, breeding individuals - all this involves its own codes.

Permits from veterinarians and SES, quality certificates will be required. Given the many complexities and subtleties, it makes sense to hire an experienced lawyer or take the time to independently prepare a package of documents.

Selection of space and premises

An important aspect that will directly affect the profitability of poultry farming as a business is the choice areas and premises. It is best to stay in a rural area, you need to select the area and premises in accordance with the type of bird and the estimated volume. So, pheasants will need an aviary for flights, chickens can grow indoors. But for normal growth and a quality product, it is desirable to create conditions that are as close to natural as possible.

It is desirable to have your own large territory, which will significantly reduce the cost of feed in the spring and summer. Having your own garden will save on feed and provide the birds with the necessary feed additives: grass, plants, etc.

The territory and premises can be rent or buy, but it is better to find unused own real estate assets or conclude a lease agreement for the area and buildings in distant villages, which will significantly reduce the costs in the business plan. Before it is drawn up and all calculations are carried out, you must already have certain ideas and agreements, so that later, due to high rent, the costs do not exceed profits.

Poultry house and necessary equipment

Poultry farming as a home business is quite realistic for residents. But for breeding and raising poultry in large numbers, an ordinary barn and yard is not enough, you will have to equip everything.

First of all, you need a poultry house - for the cold season and night, where the bird will be comfortable and calm. The construction and equipment of the poultry house can be done independently or with the involvement of workers, plans. Sizes and costs directly depend on the estimated volumes. In addition, the business plan includes the cost of equipment and arrangement.

For breeding birds you will need:

• Cages for keeping adults
• Incubators for breeding young animals
• Drinkers and feeders
• Baby heaters
• Special equipment for house and territory cleaning
• Devices for measuring the level of humidity in the room, thermometers
• The room will have to take care of thermal insulation, ventilation, good lighting

Specific species and breeds of birds may have special requirements, which must be taken care of in advance. The purchase of an incubator will make it possible to subsequently save on the purchase of poultry and breed on their own. But the first time the young will need to be purchased from farmers.

Purchase of young animals, recruitment, other expenses

Eggs and young for rearing are bought at specialized farms, after consulting with experts about specific breeds. When working with a supplier for the first time, it is advisable to take a veterinarian with you who will check the chicks and help you buy healthy and strong ones.

It is advisable to choose personnel from those who have the necessary knowledge, experience, and skills. To maintain the poultry farm, several people will be needed: several people for caring for birds and cleaning the poultry house, a specialist for slaughtering and cutting, a driver for delivering the finished product, if you plan to sell it yourself - sellers. An accountant can be hired as a freelancer.

Feed can involve a variety of costs, depending on: the percentage of natural feed (grass from the territory in spring and summer), the type and breed of birds, the growth rate and level of naturalness of products, wholesale prices of specific suppliers.

It is also worth thinking about transport for delivering meat and eggs to the point of sale, about buying places for sale (if you plan to sell it yourself), about fuel costs, special containers for delivery, etc.

Final Settlements

To understand whether it is profitable or not to organize a poultry business, you need to think and calculate everything well. Before you draw up a business plan, you need to study the market, find out the prices for equipment and feed, inquire about the level of wages for employees in the field and carry out serious preliminary work.

Basic expenses:

• Business registration and registration of permits

• Rent/purchase of territory, premises
• Building a poultry house and landscaping
• Purchase of equipment
• Purchase of young animals
• Purchasing feed and bait
• Employee salaries
• Additional shipping costs, etc.

Profit is calculated in accordance with the type of product sold and its optimal price in the region. Usually this is the sale of meat and eggs (retail and wholesale price).

Even ancient people domesticated wild birds and began to breed them in order to obtain food in the form of eggs and meat, as well as feathers and down, which were used in everyday life. Today's birds are different from those that our ancestors bred. As a result of breeding work, the most suitable breeds for breeding were bred. In this article we will tell you which bird is more profitable to breed at home, because now anyone who has a desire and a small suburban area can breed birds.

First on our list were ducks. It is no coincidence that they were among the first to be domesticated by our ancestors. This is because these birds are famous for their unpretentiousness and quickly gain weight. The latter circumstance is especially important, because the ultimate goal of breeding ducks is to obtain meat that has an amazing taste and high nutritional value due to its fat content and fibrous content.

Duck eggs are usually not consumed as readily as chicken eggs, because they have a specific taste. However, they can be used to make sauces and other dishes. Feathers and down are suitable for stuffing pillows and blankets, so they are also valuable.

Those who maintain not only a poultry house, but also maintain a garden, will be able to use duck droppings as fertilizer.

Choosing a breed

Before you start breeding ducks on your own, you should pay attention to the features of the most popular and suitable varieties of birds, and choose the right ones for yourself. We present a selection of the most profitable breeds for breeding.

You don’t have to be a gourmet not to try a baked bird of this breed at least once in your life in a restaurant. The body weight of an adult female is 3 kilograms, and the drake weighs a kilogram more. Fibrous, fatty meat is very nutritious and literally melts in your mouth, the edible part of the duck is approximately 70%.

Peking ducks carry about 140-150 eggs per year, about 100 ducklings grow from them.

Muscovy duck

Also known as the Indian. This breed can significantly surpass the previous one in size: the weight of a drake reaches 6 kg. The resulting meat is soft and lean. The nature of these birds is always calm, which is also a plus. They don't fight in cages, they don't make noise. Disease resistance is another undeniable advantage of the Muscovy duck.

Duck Mulard

This breed is a hybrid of the above two varieties. Chicks obtained by crossing Peking and Muscovy ducks are characterized by a fast growth rate and a large weight of an adult. Hybrids do not give offspring, but this can hardly be called a minus, because the option of keeping them remains very productive due to the large yield of meat.

Video - Breeding Muscovy ducks at home

What should be the room for ducks

Any building that has been carefully equipped will become a duck house. First of all, you should take care of warming the room, since egg production and weight gain of birds directly depend on the comfort of temperature.

So an extension made of logs must be caulked and plastered from the inside, a wooden house can be upholstered with plywood, covered with plaster, puttied with clay, and so on. In hot weather, the inside of the house should be cool to give the ducks a chance to rest, and in frosty weather, they should be warm and calm inside.

When furnishing a house for ducks, pay special attention to the floor. It should be about 25 cm above the ground to prevent rats from getting inside. Peat, sawdust or straw mixed with grass should be placed on top of the floor. Dry everything thoroughly and remove impurities. For one individual you need to prepare about 12 kg.

Egg laying in ducks directly depends on sufficient light and heat. Make sure that they are always warm and dry inside your house, otherwise you risk being left without livestock growth. Be sure to consider ventilation inside the house.

Reduced daylight hours in winter can be a major problem for ducks. Increase daylight hours with artificial lighting in the mornings and evenings.

Arrangement of a duck house

First of all, decide in which part of the house the duck hole will be made. A good option would be to place it in the south or southeast. The size of the manhole is 40 cm wide and 30-40 cm high. It is a good idea to build a small vestibule to protect the manhole from wind and drafts.

In summer, it is worth fencing off the territory for walking birds so that they do not scatter around the site and do not spoil garden plantings. You can make such an aviary not only on the ground, but also on the water. As a material for fencing, you can use:

• fishing net;
• shingles;
• chain-link;
• metal mesh;
• slats.

For a land plot, a meter-long fence will be sufficient, but in water, the fence should fall 70 cm below and 50 cm above the surface, since ducks can dive and accidentally swim out of the fence. If you do not have a small private pond, then this can lead to a decrease in livestock.

To protect the birds from the heat, canopies are fitted to the fences in summer. A great idea would be to immediately equip the aviaries under spreading trees, in the shade of which the birds can cool off.

Birds will want to walk not only in summer, but also in winter. To do this, you must constantly keep the enclosure cleared of snow, and cover its floor with a thick layer of dry straw. When the air temperature is acceptable and there is no wind, ducks can walk from morning to evening, however, in cold weather, in no case should they be forcibly driven out for walking, as this will entail hypothermia. The poultry house must be cleaned every day, airing it carefully so as not to blow out the feathered tenants.

Interior design

Bird feeders are installed on a wide board, at least 2 cm thick. From above, it is necessary to adapt a bar to it, which will prevent ducks from trampling the feed. In addition to its main diet, the duck should receive mineral supplements that it swallowed with sludge in its natural environment:

• small shells;
• limestone;
• gravel, etc.

Since ducks need a large amount of drinking daily, about 600 ml, you should immediately equip a voluminous and convenient drinker. It can be made from metal or wood. Its height should be the height of a duck to keep the water clean (about 20 cm).

Duck nests are located in the darkened compartments of the duck house, so that ducks can lay their eggs more easily. However, do not crowd, leave room for the free movement of a person, because you will have to regularly collect eggs and clean the nests. Each side of the nest should be 40 to 50 cm long and 50 cm high. To prevent the nest litter from falling out of the perch, equip a small threshold at the exit.

Count how many laying ducks are among your wards and organize nests, one for every three birds. Eggs are collected in the morning.

When cleaning, be careful, because ducks are very shy. Severe stress can cause them to completely stop laying.

Creation and maintenance of the tribe

The main condition for creating a duck tribe is uniformity. It should consist of birds of the same age and weight. There are about eight females per drake. When picking up ducklings in your livestock, do not take hybrid chicks, because they cannot leave behind offspring.

The most important indicator for selection is the appearance of birds. The feathered constitution must be strong, it must constantly move and radiate energy. The number and health of the future offspring depends on how healthy the parent tribe is.

For high egg production of females, it is necessary to create comfortable living conditions for ducks, not to frighten them by breaking into the chicken coop, and not to let other pets offend the bird. Once you start raising baby ducklings into parent flocks, increase daylight hours by half an hour each week until it reaches 16 hours. Keep the house light to a minimum at night to avoid injury. Monitor the cleanliness of the floor and nest litter.

The appearance of chicks

Incubation is done only from those ducks that are completely healthy. To do this, select eggs that are not older than a week. They are examined and weighed. The weight should be 70-90 grams for light breeds of birds and up to 100 grams for heavy ones. Infected or spoiled eggs must be promptly disposed of.

Supporters of the natural incubation of eggs need to remember that not all varieties of ducks have a developed instinct for raising offspring. So, for example, the Pekin duck almost does not devote time to laid eggs. Below we provide a table with which you can recognize whether a duck will incubate offspring.

Preparing for hatching ducks, you can lay eggs collected earlier. It is important to consider the size of each laying hen so that she completely covers the masonry with her body.

Breeding chicks artificially is based on an uninterrupted supply of oxygen and constant ventilation. At the very beginning, the temperature in which the eggs lie should be about 38 ° C. By the 20th day, it is lowered to 30. The eggs are inspected and checked to see if the embryo develops on the 8th, 21st and 25th day.

How healthy hatched ducklings are determined by these features:

• by evenness of pigmentation;
• fluffiness of feathers;
• wings pressed to the body;
• soft stomach;
• dry navel;
• weighing 50 g.

The breeding period for this bird for meat is approximately 60 days, since after that the birds begin to lose weight.

Summing up

From all of the above, it is clear that keeping and breeding ducks is not so easy, however, it is quite acceptable. This occupation does not require specialized education and specific knowledge and brings really great benefits.

Goose breeding

Geese, being close relatives of ducks, are also unpretentious in keeping. Juicy goose meat has long been an integral part of Russian cuisine, decorating holiday tables. Goose down is used for stuffing bedding and winter clothes.

Goose meat is a frequent guest on the festive table

Breed selection

To date, a large number of different breeds of this bird are offered for purchase. Almost all of them are resistant to any climatic features of the territory of residence. However, given the characteristics of each variety, it is better to choose the ideal one for breeding in your area, since the regularity and completeness of offspring depends on this.

We present you a list of the most profitable breeds for breeding.

Gray Kholmogorov geese

Perfect for beginner birders. This ancient breed is considered large and meat-fat. Adults have a strong skeleton, disease resistance. They were bred specifically for keeping in grazing conditions. The ability to acclimatize to any weather is their undoubted advantage. Cultivation of the Kholmogorov breed for meat is very profitable: an adult drake reaches a weight of 12 kg, and a female - 8 kg. Egg production is about 30 eggs per year, which is a high rate.

Roman geese

Graceful southern birds. Perfect for natural incubation of offspring. Adults reach a weight of 5.5 kg for females and 6 kg for males. Despite the small final weight, the popularity of their breeding does not decrease due to the special delicate taste of their meat and a large amount of down and feathers. Egg production is 20 eggs per year.

Shadrinsk geese

In other words, the Urals. Real extreme people are able to live in the harsh winter conditions of Siberia. The body weight of adults corresponds to Romensky geese, however, egg production is 25-30 eggs per year. They quickly gain weight and are suitable for rearing in pasture conditions.

Another heavyweight on our list. They have a formidable appearance, but a calm character. The weight of an adult goose reaches 11 kg, the goose weighs about 8 kg. This variety is bred specifically for fatty liver, which weighs only 500 g, but its nutritious fatty meat is also popular among lovers of delicious food. This bird denies natural incubation, but lays eggs stably - up to 30 pieces per year.

The French by nationality are also suppliers of the liver delicacy. The liver of a fattened drake reaches a weight of as much as 700 g, while its body weight is 8 kg. Egg production remains at the level of 25-30 eggs per year. Great for crossing and breeding hybrid breeds that will be even heavier than their parents.

Arrangement of the territory and the poultry house

First of all, it is necessary to put in order the land for cultivation. The site on which the poultry house will be located should be located outside the city. Supporters of free grazing of geese should have a plot based on livestock: an average of 10 meters per goose.

For a comfortable life of the bird, organize a poultry house. This should be a permanent building, the area is also calculated according to the livestock: 1 m 2 for 4 birds. Since the air temperature in winter should not fall below 10 ° C, take care of bringing the heating system to the goose. It can be self built brick oven, diesel oven, batteries or any other appliance.

The floor of the room should be made of wood or any other strong and high-quality material, as geese spend the night right on the floor. It is lined with a deep bedding of peat, shavings or straw. This is necessary to protect delicate paws from cooling. The house should always be kept clean, so prevent rotting and heavy soiling of the bedding by cleaning the inside more often. A large volume of water evaporates from the feather surface of geese, for 10 birds it is about 2 liters. Constantly air the bird house, otherwise its residents will start to catch a cold.

Dryness and long daylight hours inside the goose coop are the key to productive egg-laying of geese.

In the summer, geese spend the entire daylight hours on the pasture, and they are driven into the house to spend the night. During the day, birds eat up to 2 kg of green grass, so the quality of this natural food on the pasture should be high. Bad grass from dry or swampy fields, as well as tall grass, are not suitable for birds to eat. Here is a list of herbs that geese prefer:

• bindweed;
• sorrel;
• dandelion;
• yarrow;
• nettle;
• sow thistle, etc.

So that the birds can hide from the lunch heat, you should organize a canopy.

If there is absolutely no way to dig a pond on your site, use the trick and buy a spacious children's pool with low sides for the geese.

Feeding

Egg laying in geese is short. To get the most out of it, provide your geese with complete rest and intensive nutrition.

The diet in winter for one head is 150 g of grain flour, 100 g of legumes, 400-500 g of root crops. Add chopped dry and steamed hay and mineral supplements to the list: chalk, gravel, etc. You can feed the bird puree made from carrots, potatoes and hay. In the evening, feed the geese with grain without impurities of other products.

During the period of laying eggs, the daily food intake of geese increases by 100 g of grain flour feed and 30 g of feed of animal origin - milk and cottage cheese. If laying hens cannot cope with the increased food intake, reduce it by cutting root clubs.

A month before the start of the breeding season, males need to start feeding. Sprouted oats are perfect, in the proportion of + 100 g per bird.

It is necessary to give clean water both in summer and in winter, despite the fact that in cold weather geese will eat snow.

Receiving offspring

The laying season for geese begins at the end of February. The process starts with 1-2 eggs, next month, with proper feeding and comfort of the bird, up to 10 eggs are laid, in April there are up to 9 eggs and 5 in May.

Preparation for the season begins in early February. Nests are set up on the floor, one for two females. The standard perch should be 50 cm wide and 75 long. Its front part should not exceed 50 cm, the back part should not exceed 75 cm. It is best to fence off the nests from each other so that the birds do not fight among themselves and do not damage the eggs.

The offspring usually occurs in the morning. After the laying hens go for a walk, it is necessary to remove the eggs from the perches and store at a temperature of 12 o C.

Summing up

No wonder the goose is a universally recognized favorite of poultry farmers. Resistant to any climate, unpretentious in food and care, he gives much more than was invested in him. It doesn’t matter if it’s for sale or for food, breeding geese is very profitable.

Chicken breeding

The chicken has long been the heroine of almost all Russian fairy tales. This is because even in the conditions of past years, keeping chickens was simple and very profitable. It is chicken meat that is consumed in our country every day and on holidays. It is prepared by hospitable housewives, losing weight models, and athletes. And fried eggs from two eggs has long been a traditional breakfast all over the world.

Choosing a breed

Let's move on to listing the most popular chicken breeds. They are distinguished primarily by egg production.

broken brown

Chickens with brown plumage, the egg-laying period of which lasts as much as 80 weeks. More than 300 eggs are produced per year.

Russian white

As the name implies, these chickens have elegant white plumage. The egg laying of this variety is about 200 eggs per year. Chickens themselves grow dense, with tender meat. Suitable for both mass and private breeding.

hisex

high line

They produce approximately 350 eggs per year, which is an amazing result. Perfectly acclimatize and adapt to any conditions of detention.

Kuchinskaya

Meat breed, chickens can weigh up to 3 kg. Egg production is approximately 220 pieces per year.

Isa Brown

The weight of one egg produced by a hen of this species can exceed 63 g. The productivity is 320 eggs per year.

Conditions of detention

Building and equipping a chicken coop does not require large financial investments. You can build a bird house with your own hands, using boards, beams, cinder blocks, etc. Do not forget to insulate it before the winter season and install a stove inside so that the chickens continue to lay in the winter.

The height of the room in which the birds will live should not exceed two meters. Be sure to have ventilation and a source of natural light, as well as lamps for artificial lighting, to compensate for daylight hours in winter conditions for chickens. Inside, it must be cool in summer and warm in winter, otherwise birds can get sick.

It is necessary to regularly clean the premises, replace the bedding on the floor and in the perches. You can cover the floor with moss peat, shavings or sawdust of coniferous trees, as well as straw.

The entrance to the chicken coop should be located on the east or southeast side. Inside, the building should be equipped with nests and common perches, as well as feeders and drinkers. There is one place for every four hens to lay eggs.

Chicken feeding

The easiest way to save yourself from the hassle of organizing poultry nutrition is to buy ready-made feed. However, it costs money, and this can put a stop to beginner poultry farmers. In this case, the optimal diet per bird will consist of corn, carrots, potatoes, millet, bone meal, common grass, and mineral supplements such as shells, sand, and gravel. A laying hen eats only 120 g of feed per day. If you personally take up the preparation of the leaf and herbal part of the diet, as well as purchase grain products at wholesale prices, then only 35-40 rubles per chicken will go a month.

Cultivation and diet of offspring

Chickens are one of the few poultry that have a developed parental instinct, so they are perfect for natural incubation. Chicks can also be raised in an incubator by transferring them to a makeshift aviary after hatching - a large, hard box lit by a heat lamp.

The menu for kids should consist of fortified food. In the morning, boiled egg white, crushed shells, chopped green onions and wheat should be given, mixing it all together.

In the evening, mix cottage cheese with kefir and put it in feeders along with river sand, which acts as a mineral additive.

Shells - mineral supplement for chickens

Summing up

Breeding chickens requires the least material costs throughout the entire process and pays off with a large number of eggs and healthy chicken meat. Beginners should give their preference to these particular birds.

Breeding turkeys

Turkey meat is becoming more and more popular in the health food market. Breeding this species of birds today is considered very profitable.

Choosing a breed

Usually, the choice of breed is carried out after all the characteristics of the location of the future turkey house are known, such as the climatic features of the region. However, there is a list of turkey varieties that are most profitable to breed.

Big 6

Highly productive beef breed, gaining weight much faster than other varieties. The mass of an adult male is approximately 19 kg, and females - 11 kg.

bronze broad-breasted

Very suitable for breeding for meat, the weight of turkeys reaches 15 kg, turkeys - 9 kg. The disadvantage of this breed is the complete inability to pasture type of food, as it was bred for keeping inside the house. It is characterized by high fecundity - up to 120 eggs per year.

North Caucasian bronze

suitable for pasture feeding. The weight of males is 14 kg, females - about 10 kg. Reduced egg production - up to 80 eggs.

White broad-breasted

Quickly acclimatizes in any conditions, egg production is maintained at a level of 120 pieces per year. One of the most profitable breeds, as turkeys reach up to 25 kg. live weight, females remain at the level of 10 kg.

Cross Big 6

Heavy, meaty breed, characterized by instant growth. It is bred and bought to obtain tasty and nutritious, dietary meat. A negative feature is the need for artificial insemination of birds to breed this variety.

Breeding chicks

The turkey house should be spacious, equipped with straw nests, the width and length of which are 40 cm. There are about 15 eggs per female, so there should be enough space.

Hatched chicks should immediately drink boiled water with the addition of green tea and sugar to increase immunity. This solution replaces water for the first four days of life, then it is introduced into the diet.

Young turkey poults should always be with the light on, which should be gradually reduced by 30 minutes so that by 20 days of life they have enough 15 days of light. The temperature should not be high, but also too low, as the chicks are highly susceptible to colds.

Since turkeys are characterized by rapid weight gain, it is better to spend money and buy feed for them, which already includes vitamins, amino acids and minerals. However, to save money, you can feed the bird with a mixture of corn, barley and bran, as well as cottage cheese, carrots and even fish giblets. To saturate food with vitamin A, dry yeast can be added to it. The presence of mineral additives is mandatory, in the role of which ordinary chalk can act.

Conditions of detention

Turkeys are self-willed birds, so at a young age they should not be kept with chickens, geese or ducks. In the southern regions, it is possible to grow turkeys without a special room, as they are very resistant to weather changes, but in the northern regions, an insulated building is necessary.

Pens for walking turkeys are fenced with a metal mesh or any other material. Feeders and drinkers are installed inside the turkey house, vacuum is best. The temperature regime of 27 degrees is provided either naturally or with the help of special heaters.

Drinkers should be rinsed several times a day, avoiding heating the water, which should remain cool and clean. You also need to constantly keep the house itself clean, otherwise the development of infections cannot be avoided.

An important point is the observance of the feeding regimen for turkeys and turkeys. Food is given out 4-7 times a day at the same time. This schedule significantly affects egg production and weight gain.

Summing up

Breeding of turkeys is carried out precisely for the purpose of obtaining and selling meat, however, eggs and chicks can also be sold. Caring for this bird is not as easy as for others, so experienced poultry farmers should choose it.

Video - How to breed and keep turkeys

Now that you have learned about the breeding of the most popular bird species, you can get to work fully equipped and achieve real success.

Raising laying hens is a very profitable and popular poultry business. The demand for eggs has always been, is and will be, but there are no particular difficulties in breeding chickens. Almost anyone can start this business by equipping a poultry room and armed with the necessary knowledge.

This "egg" business attracts many aspiring entrepreneurs. And this is not surprising - chickens grow very quickly, eat little and at the age of five months they are already actively laying eggs. Some breeds rush year-round - the main thing is that suitable conditions are created for them. The main advantages of this business:

• Low costs. The laying hen business is one of the most profitable - feed costs are significantly lower than income from eggs. And if you have your own site, where chickens can freely walk and eat pasture, this expense item is sometimes reduced to zero.
• Demand for products. Fresh eggs are bought at any time of the year. The competition in this industry is quite high, but this does not in the least prevent you from earning decent money on laying hens.
• Simplicity. Compared to other types of livestock breeding business, breeding laying hens requires a minimum of work - it is enough to equip the place and regularly collect the "harvest" of eggs.
• Productivity. You can sell not only eggs. Chicken manure is considered a valuable fertilizer, and the feathers and down of this bird are used in the production of clothing and pillows and blankets. And "retired" chickens can be taken for meat.

A laying hen business is perfect for a small family that lives on its own plot outside the city. The labor intensity in this business is extremely low, and with a competent approach to business, you can get a stable guaranteed income.

How to start a laying hen business

As in any entrepreneurial business, you first need to draw up a detailed business plan. With its help, you can study all the nuances of the upcoming work, identify possible difficulties, and also use it as a means to obtain a loan from a bank. If the business plan is prepared correctly, it will reflect all the initial investments with a full calculation of the payback period.

Not only a person who has his own farmstead, but also a resident of the city is able to engage in this farming business. It is only important to find a small plot of land that will be needed for breeding and walking birds.

If you plan to do this business for a long time, it is better to register as an individual entrepreneur - in the future this will make it easier to obtain permits for products.

You can download a business plan for breeding laying hens at the link:.

Preparing the poultry house

If there is no ready-made poultry room, you can build it on your own - this is quite simple, but you need to take into account a number of requirements, the observance of which will increase the productivity of laying hens:

• Ceilings in the chicken coop should be no more than two meters high. For breeding laying hens, this will be quite enough. It is better to make the roof at an angle (pitched) so that it does not break in winter under the weight of snow. It is not difficult to calculate the area of ​​​​the house - 10 layers need 5 square meters of free space.

  

• There are two ways to keep chickens - floor and cage. The floor method is more often used, since it is more convenient in terms of air ventilation and feeding birds. With cell rearing, laying hens are fed only with compound feed, and with outdoor cultivation, it is possible to let them go for a walk outside in search of pasture.

  

• The chicken coop should be well ventilated and lit. As a ventilation device, you can use a regular window (closing it with a mesh from rodents) or run a ventilation pipe. It is advisable to organize an artificial source of lighting, which will be needed in winter to increase the daylight hours of birds.

  

  Chicken coop - photo

• For rearing laying hens, it is necessary to maintain a temperature in the region of 0-25 ° C. Exceeding the norm causes a decrease in the egg production of birds, and at too low temperatures, chickens can get frostbite and die. If the chicken coop was built from lightweight materials, it will definitely need to be insulated. Needles, straw, sawdust, dry leaves are suitable for this. Insulation material must be mixed with lime in a ratio of 30:1. This is necessary in order to prevent the entry of rodents into the house. Usually the walls and ceiling are insulated, but if there are severe frosts in winter, the floor will also need to be insulated.
• Nests for laying hens are usually placed in the corners of the room. Nests can be made from a simple wooden box, filled with straw or sawdust from the inside. For 4 layers, one nesting place is installed. You will also need to make perches, placing them at the opposite wall from the entrance.

  

  Video - chicken business in detail

  Layer breeding rules

  The business of breeding laying hens will bring high profits only if you choose the right rooster and laying hen for hatching. The rooster should be energetic, healthy and strong. When choosing a chicken, you should focus on its scallop - a good laying hen has a large, bright red scallop. For incubation of eggs, it is desirable to select calm chickens that will not often jump up and leave their nest.

  

  The selection of eggs for laying is a matter that must be approached with all responsibility, since the health and fertility of future laying hens will depend on the quality of the eggs. Eggs should be of the correct even shape, without dirt and stains.

  When the chick hatches from the egg, you need to help him get rid of the shell, and then carefully place it under the hen. Chickens will be ready for independent life no earlier than 1.5 months after birth.

  

  In order for chickens to be healthy and lay well, you need to provide them with a balanced diet. You can use ready-made feed mixtures, or you can cook them yourself. The diet of laying hens should include food waste, boiled potatoes, cake, chalk, eggshells, greens, vegetable mixtures.

  

  In the winter season, you will need to enrich the diet with sprouted grain, and in the summer it is imperative to give chickens fresh plants. It is desirable to provide laying hens with a walking area on the street, where they can feed on pasture and insects on their own. To increase egg production, it is recommended to add yeast diluted in water to the feed (for 1 kg of feed, 25 g of yeast should be diluted in a liter of water).

  Consumption and payback

  No business starts without a preliminary calculation of profitability, which must necessarily take into account the number of initial costs and the approximate payback period of investments.

  

  For example, let's take a farm for a hundred laying hens:

  
  

  

  Selling chicken eggs is a pretty profitable business with the right approach.

  In addition to the eggs themselves, you can increase your income by selling the waste products of laying hens. Chicken manure is considered the most valuable type of fertilizer and is sold at 30-50 rubles per 1 kg. Given all these features, breeding laying hens can be considered one of the most cost-effective and simple types of poultry business.

  Video is a chicken business from scratch. Let's see how profitable it is

Statistics confirm that now in Russia the demand for poultry meat and eggs is quite high, and only continues to grow. We are talking not only about chicken meat, but also about the meat of geese, quails, turkeys.Today, the buyer prefers not frozen, but fresh meat of local production. This opens up great prospects for this type of business.

Poultry farming as a home business is gaining a lot of popularity. First of all, this is due to the desire to enter the market of environmentally friendly products. In the local area, you can grow meat or egg breeds of birds and sell finished products, or you can do incubation and sell young birds.

Poultry meat and eggs are eaten all over the world, so today the magazine Reconomica publishes an article about a business based on poultry farming.

Hello, my name is Andrey. I live in East Kazakhstan, on the border with the Russian Federation. I think that my experience in poultry breeding is applicable throughout the former Soviet Union.

I have been farming for over five years. Breeding birds is not the main occupation, but it brings quite a tangible profit. Perhaps someone has read my articles on raising cattle and small cattle. Recently, I have devoted my life to agriculture: I liked this kind of business. It brings a lot of positive emotions and a good income.

Birds, unlike animals, require distinctive care. For all its simplicity, as it may seem, it is necessary to do a lot of preparations before bringing the first pets.

Along with the cultivation of cattle, the cost side is almost the same. It all depends on what kind of living creature you are going to breed, waterfowl or not. Maybe you want to cover the whole spectrum.

In principle, this is a very good start - to have any kind of products in the assortment. As a result, it will be easier for you to find sales: buyers, knowing about the availability of all types, will contact you.

This is a simple law of the market, it is better to go once to where there is a large selection than to visit several places.

"Land" birds

This variety includes chickens, turkeys and other birds that do not directly depend on the presence of a reservoir.

To start raising poultry for home consumption, a small shed will suffice. It must be remembered that in winter, the room should be warm.

If initially the walls of the room are thin, then you will have to spend money on heating the room. At the moment when I started to breed a bird, I stumbled at this point. In the dead of winter, I had to heat with electricity - it hit my pocket pretty hard. In the spring, I laid out a stove in the center of the chicken coop, which still serves me. To be honest, I no longer keep chickens there, but use them for other purposes.

The same conditions are suitable for turkeys. The only exception is that turkey poults require dryness, while chickens tolerate wet conditions more easily.

waterfowl

These include geese, ducks, indo-ducks and other decorative birds, which I will not write about in this article. For their breeding, in addition to a warm room, in the summer a pond is needed or a place for growing should be near a reservoir: it does not matter whether it is a river or a lake, or a dug dam. Although many of those involved in breeding believe that this is not necessary.

From my own experience, I was convinced that in the presence of a reservoir, the bird feeds more readily, works up its appetite, and is much more fun. Instincts have not been canceled yet.

Domestic ducks after "water procedures".

In any case, once they were wild, and being in the aquatic environment for them is a connection with the original habitat. In addition, in the silty sediments at the bottom there is a lot of food and useful sediments accumulated by the reservoir - this is a decaying organic and mineral environment. Therefore, I think it is necessary to have water resources nearby.

Construction of premises for commercial breeding of chickens and turkeys

Building from scratch for both types is almost the same. It is necessary to build solid dry rooms with rows of cages.

In order to initially rid the bird of dampness, the cages must be placed at a low height from the floor.

It is also necessary to clean manure, leftover food and flooring. Chickens can be located in several tiers, one above the other.

chicken farm

I built a chicken farm measuring 42 by 20 meters - these are the internal dimensions. The walls are made of cinder concrete with the addition of sawdust - this is the most optimal material, the combination of its price and strength with maximum thermal insulation will allow you to save money. The ceilings are covered with slabs and insulated with a mixture of sawdust and expanded clay. The roof itself is made on a bevel to avoid failures during heavy rainfall in winter. The roofing material is tin.

Cells are arranged in continuous rows for the entire length of the building. The width of the row is one meter, the height of the tier is 60 centimeters, the length of one compartment (as I call them) is 1.2 meters. This is enough to accommodate ten laying hens. Three tiers contain 105 compartments.

Cellular maintenance of laying hens.

I placed three such rows along the width of the room, between them there was a free space of 1.5 meters for a free approach to any cage. It took about 7.5–8 meters, with a height of about two. At such a height, it is convenient to get eggs from the nests and for any actions of chickens. Accordingly, it is easier to feed than if you raise the tiers higher.

Housing for turkeys

I did not build tiers for turkeys, although many people on the Internet say that it is possible. It seems to me that this is inappropriate. The high mass of the latter will not allow many individuals to be placed at the top, or you will have to reinforce the upper tier, which will incur costs.

The height of the cage for these large "birds" was 1.2 meters, width - two meters. They also have a length from wall to wall, but, unlike chicken cages, the cages are installed directly on the plank floor. From above we sprinkle them with sawdust, but if there is hay, then it is better for them. The length of the compartments is one and a half meters. The difference lies in the fact that we grow turkeys for meat, and chickens, for the most part, for the production of eggs. An exception in my household are broiler cockerels and hens: we also cook them for slaughter.

My initial mistake was believing that they all needed a walk.

During the construction, I made several holes in the walls, and from the outside I fenced the pens. The problem was how to organize walking separately, without mixing - this is pure madness, which takes a lot of time and effort. After reviewing various books, I realized that in fact this is not at all necessary.

Cages for turkeys are much more spacious than for chickens.

It is enough to think over and install a good ventilation system. I invited a specialist and we made an industrial hood on one side of the room, and on the other side a street air intake with power regulators. On the one hand, dampness and stale air are drawn out and fresh air is supplied at the same time. This is essential for all caged animals.

Inch tubes were used as materials for making cells. They must be thick-walled, because the total mass of the birds in it is very high. Bearing supports were installed under each cut-off partition to strengthen the structure.

The floors of the perches are made of stamped metal sheets with holes, the sidewalls are made of an ordinary chain-link mesh with a middle cell. One of the sides of the grid is fixed on a frame attached from above with the help of hinges and with closing elements at the bottom.

The frame is made of light duralumin corners so that the cells can be opened without tension. In turkeys, the doors are made in the form of lids and open from the top.

Building for ducks, geese and indo-ducks

I want to immediately warn dear readers that I have recently started breeding waterfowl, because my knowledge is still small, but I will try to convey the basic concepts.

My geese, indo-ducks and ducks are located in a common, undivided room. They also have the same walking area.

The most interesting thing is that broilers are walking in the same cheerful company - this is also an excellent source of income, but it requires large areas for business breeding.

Geese, ducks and broilers walk here.

In order to provide your family with plenty of delicious chicken meat, this is just a "gold mine". They do not cause great difficulties, with the exception of conflicts arising between same-sex individuals. Moreover, there were no “criminal” consequences, in the form of serious bodily harm, or, God forbid, death.

The storage room is a shed made of boards simply covered with a roof - this is a kind of summer shelter from bad weather. It also contains feeders and drinkers. I will immediately warn you that it is advisable to feed these birds indoors and at the same time. This will instill in them a conditional instinct, in which they will always return to their home, and not scatter around the area.

In essence, the cost of construction and the necessary infrastructure consisted in digging a dam near the stream. Other expenses are not so significant. You can make a flock from any material at hand.

Why is this not a capital building? Everything is simple. The fact is that every spring I get ducklings and goslings, grow them until autumn and slaughter them. It can be kept until late autumn, but growth is insignificant, and in the absence of pasture, maintenance costs increase. Naturally, we leave a few pieces to indulge in the Christmas holidays and the New Year.

Acquisition of chicks

First of all, you need to decide for what purpose you are purchasing chickens - these can be laying hens for selling eggs or broiler chickens for meat slaughter.

As I said, broiler chickens need a lot of space, which only a poultry farm can provide, so it will not work to breed a large number without a large amount of money. As for laying hens, they must be purchased from trusted suppliers.

What breeds to choose

I will describe to you two that I deal with myself:

• LomanBrown,
• hisexBrown.

Both of these breeds are distinguished by good egg production. During the year they are able to lay from 250 to 300 eggs, their chicks and young individuals have a low mortality rate.

Outwardly, they are not much different: only, the Lomans are more rounded and have a smaller stature, but in terms of indicators they are slightly superior to the Hisexes. On large poultry farms in Russia, these breeds are used for the production of eggs.

Where to buy chickens and their age

You can find chickens on the Internet and in the market, but no one can vouch for the reliability of their pedigree.

Therefore, I repeat, if you need to create a large farm, you need to buy in large production plants.

Later, you can raise your own chickens if you purchase an industrial incubator, but this is a very difficult and painstaking task. I replace mine by purchasing young chickens in advance. I do this once a year, although they rush longer, just after a year they rush less and less and there is no point in leaving them.

The age of the purchased hens should be no more than 15-17 weeks. The difference in age between planted together should not be more than a week. Even such a small difference can lead to conflict.

There are ten hens in our cages. It is not recommended to plant them during the period of growth and bearing. The chicken may not be accepted and you will simply lose it.

Breed of turkeys

Turkeys have many running breeds. For myself I chose broiler- This is a cool breed, reaching a weight of up to thirty kilograms of meat in males. Females are not as large, but 10–12 kilograms is a decent weight.

Of course, small turkey poults are expensive, but at the same time they bring a decent profit and have an exceptional taste. With minimal competition, implementation is not difficult.

Care and feeding

1. IN diet any egg-laying bird includes all grains without exception. An obligatory additive is calcium in any of its forms - it can be shell rock, chalk, dairy production waste. For free-grazing pets in the summer, it is not difficult to find grass for themselves. You will also have to bring grass for your bird flock, and in winter - hay and straw. It is desirable, but not critical, to add root vegetables to the feed - carrots, beets, potatoes and others. For the prevention of colds and infectious diseases, it is necessary to purchase combined feeds with the addition of vitamins in veterinary pharmacies. If you find unwell, losing weight or untimely molting individuals, you must immediately isolate them from the rest.
2. Basic care advice- this is the maintenance of livestock in maximum dryness. Airing or ventilation of the room should be carried out at least three times a day.
3. Feeding must be carried out at a fixed time.
4. It is advisable to install lighting different types: during the day, change the lighting from normal to red light. This calms the birds and prevents them from killing offspring and pecking eggs.
5. Waterfowl require daily "water procedures".
6. For birds on the floor, you need bedding straw, sawdust or similar materials.

Slaughter, collection of eggs and sale

If you breed poultry for meat, then it is advisable to purchase a special unit for mass slaughter. Manually - it will be a long process and very unpleasant. Therefore, describing the early production of poultry for meat, I said that only large farms with a multi-million dollar turnover can do it.

Laying hens should be checked several times a day. Eggs are collected in a clean container, although not all of them will be clean. After that, they must be sorted into cardboard or plastic grates, which must be purchased in advance.

Eggs must be collected several times a day.

If you are an officially registered farmer, then it is possible to pack in containers with your own company logo. Advertising on containers is very productive.

Calculation of expenses and profits

Let's carry out calculations on the example of 100 chickens. The time period is one month. Numbers will be rounded to the average.

1. We buy 100 fingerlings at a price of 150–300 rubles per piece (our price is 225 rubles). Total: 22500 rubles. You can divide this number by the number of months, because chickens will lay eggs for a year, but I will not. Let's leave the figure as it is, for unforeseen cases.
2. Feed for 100 pieces during the month - 510-600 kilograms, at a price of 8-11 thousand rubles. per ton (9500 rub.) Total: 5500 rub.
3. Salary expenses, at least three people: I proceed from the number of chickens I have - 3000 pieces. Everyone receives 20 thousand rubles a month.
4. It is worth adding here transport costs, electricity and heat - 600 rubles.

Revenue part

• The cost of one dozen eggs is 45–80 rubles, and in some places there is a price even higher. We will take the average value - 50 rubles for a dozen. In the worst case scenario, a healthy well-fed chicken produces one egg per day. Accordingly, 100 eggs per day from a hundred hens are provided to you, per month - 3000 pieces. Result: 15 thousand rubles.
• Every month I change 300 chickens, the profit from their sale is an average of 35-40 thousand rubles.

So. The cost of eggs and delivered chickens is 50 thousand rubles. We subtract expenses - 28800 rubles. In the net balance from a hundred chickens per month - 21,200 rubles. We subtract taxes, various expenses that cannot be taken into account step by step, and we get 12–14 thousand rubles. arrived. We multiply by the total number of chickens available and we get what we get.

Finally

I advise all those who decide to devote themselves to the village to do it officially. By registering your farm, you receive preferential loans and government subsidies.

Especially during the sanctions imposed by Western countries, the development of our own agricultural production became a priority. I wish you all good luck in your new field: beginners, and those who have been on the ground for a long time!