Download presentation in English about skinheads. History presentation on the topic: "Skinheads

e s, open skinheads, from skin - skin
Skinhead
and head - head) - the collective name
representatives of the youth subculture, as well as
several of its branches.
The first mention of skinheads in the press and music
found in England in the late 60s of the XX century.
One of the first names for the subculture was "Hard
mods". Skinheads of the 60s had common features
style with the mod subculture, as well as
with Jamaican rudboys.

Appearance
The appearance of skinheads largely repeats the appearance
type of mods: polo and sweaters Fred Perry and Ben Sherman,
Levi's jeans, classic Crombie coat and Dr.
Martens, but besides this, it also has its own characteristics.
To the main appearance were added: checkered
shirts, denim jackets, thin suspenders and
rolled up jeans (the latter have become a kind of
"calling card" style). Long jacket mods
disappeared.

Appearance

Music
Jamaican music appeared in England with
the first immigrants from Jamaica, in the early 1960s.
New music from the former British colony
gave preference to fashion, which
was subsequently adopted by skinheads.
In the late 70s and early 80s popular
became the music of Oi! - further development of punkrock.

Music

Symbolism

1. Celtic cross
2. Odal
3. Aryan fist
4. Iron Cross
5. Zig
6. Dead head

Celtic cross - an equal beam cross with a circle. Is characteristic
symbol of Celtic Christianity, although it has more ancient pagan
roots. In the 80s of the XX century, the Celtic cross became a symbol of White Power -
white racist and NS skinhead movements.
Odal (ᛟ) (Old German Oþila - "heritage", Anglo-Saxon Oeþel) - 24th rune
Old Germanic and the 23rd rune of the Anglo-Saxon runic alphabets.
Rune Odal depicted on the emblem of the 7th Volunteer Mountain Division
SS "Prinz Eugen", 23rd Volunteer Panzergrenadier Division
SS "Nederland" and on the flag of the Croatian Volksdeutsche.
The Iron Cross is a Prussian and German military award. Established
Friedrich Wilhelm III March 10, 1813 for military distinction in the war for
liberation of Germany from Napoleon.
The dead head is a symbol of death and at the same time fearlessness in front of it.
face in the form of a skull and crossbones (usually white or silver on
black background). This symbol is also used by some modern
neo-Nazi organizations such as Combat 18.

Various directions of movement

Traditional Skinheads -
arose as a reaction to the emergence of pro-political
offshoots from the original subculture. follow the image
the first skinheads - devotion to the subculture, memory of the roots
(family, working class), apolitical. Unofficial slogan
- "Remember the Spirit of 69", as it is believed that in 1969
The skinhead movement was at its peak. Closely associated with
ska and reggae music, as well as contemporary Oi! music.
R.A.S.H. (eng. Red & Anarchist Skinheads) - "Reds" and anarchoskinheads who inherited from the "native" worker
class ideas of socialism, communism, anarchism.
pro-political movement.

Hardcore skinheads - an offshoot of skinheads, which in
mostly associated with the hardcore scene, not Oi! and ska.
Hardcore skinheads became common at the end
first wave of hardcore. They kept their ideas
predecessors and had no racial
prejudice.
S.H.A.R.P. (Eng. Skinheads Against Racial Prejudices) -
Skinheads Against Racial Prejudice. Appeared
in America in the 1980s as a reaction to emerging in the media
the stereotype that all skinheads are Nazis. They gave the body and
radio interview, where they talked about the true values
and ideas of the skinhead movement. Forceful actions were used to
NS skinheads.

NS-skinheads (eng. White Power
skinheads or eng. National
Socialist skinheads) - appeared in
England in the first half of the 70s.
Adhere to ideologies
right wing nationalists
or racists, some come forward
for the idea of ​​racial separatism and
white supremacy
races (the so-called White Power). Due to the fact
that racist views
contradict the original
the spirit of the movement, others
representatives of the subculture
NSskinheads are insultingly called bonheads (bonehead boneheads).

It's just about the NS skinheads, which are enough
many in our country.
NS skinheads position themselves as
national liberation movement and
fighting for ideas
superiority of the white, Aryan race, with
while striving for racial separatism.
NS skinheads -
extreme racists, anti-Semites and xenophobes,
opponents of illegal immigration,
mixed marriages and sexual
deviations, especially homosexuality.
The object of hostility in Russia is blacks and
Asians, as well as natives
from Transcaucasia and Central Asia, less often - to
natives of the North Caucasus and the Volga region.

NS skinheads consider themselves defenders of interests
working class, in some cases motivating this
the fact that immigrants take jobs. This item
is far from the most important in the ideology
neo-Nazis in general, and in particular NS skinheads,
gradually disappearing, just as it was in the NSDAP,
where the socialist part of the ideology is gradually
receded into the background and later completely lost
significance.
Being members of right-wing radical movements, NSskinheads are supporters of extreme measures with
the use of violence (usually in a particularly cruel
form), which is usually interpreted as extremism. many
of them the idea of ​​revolution is close, that is,
coup d'état to establish
national socialist regime.

Russian skinheads

Feature of Russian skins
- love for the flag
slaveholding
Wartime Confederates
between North and South in the USA,
sewn usually on the sleeve
or, if the patch is large, on
the back of the jacket.
In the course are also stripes in the form
swastikas, a portrait of Hitler,
number 88 (i.e. "Heit Hitler!)
or letters WP ("White Power")
They do not carry weapons, but
fights use belts with
weighted buckle,
wrapped around the hand
The last peep of skinmods -
decorate the belt supposedly
decorative chain (actually
actually, the chain makes this
improvised brass knuckles
more dangerous)

Russian skinheads

Interests of Russian skinheads
In politics, they are oriented towards the extreme right or
completely apolitical
Negative attitude towards drugs
They prefer to raise the tone of domestic
beer
football

Relation to other subcultures
The most friendly relations with
bikers
With metalheads and punks communication varies
moderately peaceful to mild dislike
The main enemies are rappers and ravers
Rappers are hated for imitating absolutely
alien to us Negro culture
Ravers - for unisex, commitment to
synthetic drugs and wealth

Sources and literature
www.subcult.ru
http://ru/wikipedia.org
www.neformalz.narod.ru/skin-head.html

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Traditional skinheads are an apolitical subculture that emerged in England under the influence of mods and Jamaican rudboys in the 1960s. Closely related to reggae and ska dance music and contemporary Oi! music. They created their own style of clothing, called "boots & braces" ("boots and suspenders"). apolitical subcultureEnglandmodojamaicanrudboyzreggiskaOi! "Remember the Spirit of "69" is the "slogan" of the subculture. This is an expression of the ideals that traditional skinheads try to follow. For the most part, these ideals copy the cultural foundations among skinheads of the 60s

Job. Skinheads take pride in being part of the working class; working class Friends. The so-called Unity, Unity (“there is nothing more important than friendship in the world”); Family (family for skinheads is roots, origins); Music: Yes, almost any heavy music - hardcore, hatecore, punk, death-metal, gothic-metal, nu-metal, Oi! "Roots". One of the important concepts in the subculture of traditional skinheads; its expression is reflected in the popular expression: “Remember your roots!”, Which, in principle, is the other side of the expression “Remember the Spirit of "69", since “Spirit of 69” (Spirit of "69) is the roots of the subculture itself , the "golden time" of its development. The concept of "roots" is just as important because it includes music typical of the skinhead environment of the 60s (ska, reggae, rocksteady, soul).;skareggeirocksteadisoul Anti-racism. It is precisely anti-racism that is meant, and not anti-fascism, this position is explained by the fact that the skinhead subculture comes from a mixture of two cultures of Jamaican dark-skinned rude boys (rude boys) and English mods (mods); anti-fascism is considered by traditional skinheads to be a pro-political ideology and for this reason is rejected by them. ska, reggae, rocksteady, and other music popular with skinheads in 1969. skareggeirocksteady 1969 Oi! Skinheads are another offshoot whose members prefer Oi! music, also known as "street punk". Oi! Some representatives of the subculture of traditional skinheads prefer both Trojan-skinheads and Oi-skinheads to listen to music.

History of emergence It is believed that the skinhead subculture in its original form (and their imitators from the modern skinhead environment, traditional skinheads) arose in the process of evolution and the mod subculture, expressed in the simplification of the appearance towards simpler, but no less neat clothes and the assimilation of musical traditions and some elements of the appearance of the Jamaican emigrant youth (rudiz) of that time.modovrudiz At the end of the 1960s in the United Kingdom, the popularity of newfangled Jamaican reggae music peaked, which is also associated with the skinhead subculture of that time. Many of the recordings that are considered classics of skinhead reggae today were leaders in the sales charts of those years. It is believed that such success was ensured by the rapidly developing trend of skinheads and, accordingly, the increasing demand for music popular in their environment. reggae skinhead reggae Such changes in the youth environment were noticed by many journalists who noticed that the appearance of mods had changed. In addition, record companies were also interested in the new subculture, to which they provided a high level of music sales. To stimulate demand, songs were recorded specifically for skinheads and about skinheads. Later, such music would be called skinhead reggae, which, in fact, is the designation of the popular Caribbean dance music of the second half of the 60s. Traditionally, this concept includes, first of all, early reggae, rocksteady and Jamaican ska. reggeiroxteddisk The skinhead movement of that time is also associated with the concepts of packie- and hippie-bashing. These terms denote skirmishes (fights) on the basis of class hostility between skinheads and immigrants from Asian countries, as well as skinheads and the hippie movement, respectively. fights

Development Soon, Ben Sherman shirts came into fashion with skins, and it was customary to tuck jeans under the height of the boot to emphasize the style of shoes, which was dominated by Cherry Red Boots or light Italian leather shoes. Buying high-quality, by no means cheap clothes, they acted on the principle "everything I wear is earned by my labor." It soon became customary to wear suspenders, army trousers, Dr. Martens with their original soles, Harrington jackets, Tonic suits in iridescent mohair fabric. A short hairstyle with a kind of shaved parting was considered a special chic.Ben ShermanCherry Red BootsDr. Martens HarringtonTonic suits By the spring of 1970, the new short-sleeved checkered shirts from Ben Sherman, Brutus and Jatex were well received. It was through such efforts that the final style of clothing for skinheads was formed. Clothing manufacturers were sensitive to demand, and cheap and low-quality fakes began to break through to replace respected labels, which also found their buyer, inexperienced in street fashion, and crowds of equally dressed young people appeared on the streets as if from an incubator. As the successors of mods, one of the rules of which was a unique and stylish appearance, some skins, confused on this, began to invent something new for themselves, they grew their hair a little, walked in raincoats, plaid trousers, and even carried umbrellas-canes with them.

Skinhead clothing Boots Dr. Martens high boots with a glass Black and red "steel toe boots" (this word means the same as "steelcap" - "steel glass") appeared later than all the others and are designed to be worn during the cold season. They are made in such a way that you can put insoles in them and put woolen socks on your feet. Due to the large distance between the rows of holes, wide (i.e. not round) laces are best suited for them. The strong leather of the "steel toe" boots is covered with a protective film, and its surface is finished in such a way that it always remains shiny. It makes no sense to clean them with ordinary wax - only colorless wax with silicone is suitable for this glossy surface, and first the shoes must be cleaned of dust, and then a layer of wax should be applied to them. There are two types of such boots - with a light sole and with a thicker and heavier sole. The boots with light soles turned out to be the best - they look good and are more like NCB.

Turn-ups on jeans, called "turnups" or "rollups", are as important a part of the outfit as tall boots, plaid shirts or suspenders. Rogue clothes, they were invented by the Caribbean Rude Boys and liked the skinheads in the 60s. The purpose of the folds is to visually increase the length of the lower leg - so it seems that the person is taller, and therefore stronger. Together with the boots, the turn-ups make the legs more slender. They are supposed to polish their shoes so that they shine.

Suspenders Suspenders are an integral part of skinhead clothing. No self-respecting traditional skin is complete without them. Suspenders were worn by "hard mods" in the mid-60s, along with high boots and cropped jeans, before the "skinhead" moniker was born. Such clothes were called "working class style" - the presence of suspenders always meant belonging to the working class. Workers dressed like this at the beginning of the 20th century - the jeans of those years did not have belt loops, and they were held only by suspenders. The word "braces" is translated from English as "fasteners", and in relation to clothing it can be translated as "construction fasteners". Skinheads wear solid-colored, unpatterned suspenders, usually black or dark red; brightly colored suspenders are less common. They are always thin, no more than two fingers wide, folded together. Well, if they have shiny locks and "crocodile", as shown in the following picture:

Jeans Jeans have always been a hit with skinheads, having been wearing them since the mid-60s. Almost a hundred years before, jeans were sailors' clothing: the American word "jeans" comes from the word "Geanuese", and the word "denim" - from the name of the factory in the French city of Nime, which produced dye for fabric. The combination of the French words "de Nime" became the American "denim". Skinheads of the first wave preferred Levis 501 jeans. Wrangler appeared in the 70s, then other manufacturers. They used fabrics of different shades of blue, with a deliberately rough or smooth surface, as well as threads of different colors. Today, when choosing jeans, all this can be determined by looking at the back pocket.

Rough fabric and strong threads - for the first time this clothing was reflected in the song "Skinhead Jamboree" by the Jamaican group Symarip in 1969. It also talked about denim jackets, plaid shirts, suspenders and high boots. All this was worn by the urban workers of those years, and the same was worn by their younger brothers. As you know, the record on which this song was recorded was called "Skinhead Moonstomp" and was intended specifically for skinheads. Try to find a record where jeans were mentioned earlier - you won't find it. As you can see on the cover of this record, skinheads tuck or cut their jeans so that they reach the top of the boot, in extreme cases - to the penultimate hole on it. These clothes appeared in the days of the Rude Boys, who, in an effort to show others their origin, did not even tuck, but shortened their pants with scissors so that everyone could see their old boots. Subsequently, the impression of this was further enhanced with the help of suspenders. Today, if the inside of the jeans is lighter than the outside, they are tucked up; if the jeans are the same color outside and inside, they are cut with scissors and hemmed.

What is S.H.A.R.P. ? SHARP started in New York at the time, the prevailing opinion in the press was that all skinheads were White-Power or Nazis. This attitude was largely due to the bourgeois tabloid press, which presented the skins as inflated fascist thugs. A small group of skinheads and sympathetic punks decided to create a group that works as a media machine, spreading various messages that not all skinheads are the same, that we have different ideals and beliefs, personal and political. Members of SHARP began doing radio and TV interviews, spreading their messages, which were initially viewed with disbelief by the media-brainwashed population. However, on most occasions the members of this small group were received courteously, even if their messages were often ignored. However, the main exception was Geraldo Rivera's show. During the recording, one of John Metzer's henchmen (son of KKK leader and head of the White Aryan Resistance Tom Metzer) threw a chair, breaking Geraldo Rivera's nose in the process. After this incident, the media began to feel completely free. Morton Downey Jr. Even went so far as to carve a swastika into his own forehead in order to boost his own show's ratings. At this time, the White-Powers in New York were well known, held their own meetings, gave interviews. Although the names of some of their organizations are still popular around the world, most of them have passed into local history. Some members of SHARP began to create their own sub-organizations, dissatisfied with the non-violence of the basic ideas of SHARP. They believed that fists were the best response to hate. In the winter of 1989, after the creation of numerous autonomous hotels around the world, the original organization disbanded. There were several reasons for this, internal divisions were involved, but the main reason was the sharp decrease in White-Power activity in New York. Many White-Powers left the city in search of a more hospitable political climate, moving south and west. Many simply grew up and stopped publicly displaying personal beliefs.

Skinhead music Ska-punk (ska-punk) is a form of punk revival that began already in the mid-80s, and became especially relevant by the mid-90s. Ska punk is a combination of punk, hardcore, ska, reggae, funk and pop music. Actually, The Clash was the first to synthesize punk and reggae, so they can be considered the founders of this trend. At the turn of the century, the British The Specials, The Madness and others (the so-called second wave of punk revival) also became interested in the synthesis of elements of rock and ska. And in the early 80s, their ideas attracted the attention of American (including black and colored) punk artists, among whom Fishbone stood out in particular. The stylistic complex began to become more complicated; it has become difficult to distinguish exactly which elements, in fact, where they are borrowed from (some researchers even offer the complex and inconvenient term skafunkrastapunk for this direction).

Oi! Music Oi! appeared in England in the late seventies. It was an attempt to return "punk music" to its original state. In the choruses, the musicians shouted "Oi! Oi! Oi!", for which they were called that. The words of their songs were very different, but they all told about what they had to see on the streets, about what they had to face and fight every day. At that time Oi! listened to punks and skinheads, they really liked it. Everyone understands the words "punks and skinheads" in their own way, so they should be clarified: at that time, the nickname "skinhead" was worn by people who called themselves "working class kids", that is, "working youth". There were no other skinheads, this is important. The same goes for punks - Oi! not everyone listened, but only those who liked this music. At that time Oi! and punk were not separated, and for many it was the same music. Oi! also called the "third wave" of punk rock. This music was called "Oi!", "streetpunk" and "punk-82":

SKA Ska music appeared in Jamaica with the first sound installations in the second half of the fifties and was intended for street dancing. For this, a swinging 2/4 rhythm was used, when the guitar plays on the even-numbered drum beats, and the double bass tends to emphasize the odd ones. When trombone and saxophone were added to them, the sound was light and truly magical. The word "ska" originated as an imitation of the sound of the guitar, and became the name for all Jamaican music with this rhythm. Sound installations brought together a lot of people, giving them rest and helping them not to lose heart, no matter what happened. Robbers from the outskirts - rude boys - also came to listen to music. They demanded slower and more balanced music, in which the 4/4 rhythm was used. They gave it a name - rocksteady. Two "waves" of ska are known - in Jamaica and a few years later in England:

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A particle of history. Have you ever met the groups of young people with shaved heads wearing the black jeans and jackets without collars, army boots and the badges of slavery confederation? They are skinheads. Nobody writes about them but the skinheads became the legend among the adolescents in different cities. Adults don't try to notice them like the representatives of law. That's why it's one of the most important problem nowadays. Where did this movement come from? When and where did the skins appear? I think, the majority of our population don't know the answers on these questions. The first skinheads appeared in England in 1968-69s. They didn't have any in common with the rebellious skinheads of our generation. They differed a lot. the skins of “the first wave” were the British worker’s subculture. They came up against an official bourgeois culture and counterculture of the 60s. The young from worker's districts considered that the British counterculture was a desire of mother's darlings from the middle class families and the rich families too. It was the entertainment for the rich to pretend that they were against bourgeois society. The skinheads chose the own style of clothes to cut a dash out of crowds. The most interesting fact is that the first skinheads loved and respected the black people. They listened to black's music like west –Indian and Jamaica's style of music called blue beat in England. The favorite singers were nigroes. Normally the skins discovered and made Bob Marley the world star. The black men and the skinheads lived together, worked at the same plants, studied at the same schools. They fought with the bourgeois children together.

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The second wave The skinheads of “the second wave” existed in England in the end of the 70s years. It was a product of punk's corruption from one side and the result of an economical crisis from the other. Living in difficult time during the unemployed period among the rebellions and violence the skinheads began to fight with the same adolescents of another districts at the streets. Since the end of the 70s years in Britain the fascist ideology had been acting. Fascists became an instance for skinheads quickly. They began an active work with them. The fascists gave money for arranging skin-clubs and skins started to sing the frank racist songs, created own music in the style “oi”. Soon they changed into national skins. Their lotto was “Keep Britain White”. Later the such subculture made a progress in many European countries and the USA too. The main place of this movement in Europe was Germany. In differ from British and American skins who simply beat the black and Asian men the German were famous of killing. Very quickly German skin society converted into the most political group.

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Russian skinheads The first Russian skinheads appeared in the beginning of the 90s years in Moscow. They were about ten people in the capital and 5 in Saint-Petersburg. Their behavior was quietly making the demonstrations of themselves in the center of the city. The first skins were a clean product of adolescent imitated the west model. It had been lasting until the beginning of 1994 suddenly in this time the skins had been becoming numerous and noticeable phenomenon for several weeks. Outwardly it was connected with the political occurrences in the country showing the young generation that the most convenient argument in any discussion was violence. Police’s terror in the streets of Moscow, ethnical riddance made big influence on the young minds. Having seen how police and solders robbed and beat by foot the people of unsuitable looks with impunity and heard the “patriotic talks” of Moscow’s government the bad adolescents of sleeping districts and from unfortunate families found the samples for imitation quickly. And the Chechnya's war assisted the growth of skins either. Nobody fought with them. As long as the police was getting rid of Caucasians the skinheads like cowards chose their victims among the residents from Middle Asia or from the countries of “the third world "". At first they were black men and Asian people. Historical centers of skins' movement in Russia were Moscow, Saint-Petersburg and Novgorod. Moscow's skins set upon the Africans and the Indians, Saint-Petersburg's skins attacked the Africans, the Neapolitans, the Chinese, in Novgorod the victims became the residents of Middle Asian like the refugees from Tajikistan.

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The skins’ growth in Russia In the atmosphere of permission the skins’ movement had been growing without restrictions and reached the noticeable size. Nowadays it goes on. For example, there were 3500-4000 skins in Moscow in 1999 Without a doubt not only political events impacted the skins prosperity. Two important factors made the base for rapid growth and skins existence among the young in Russia. They were economic crisis and the break up of the educational system. Since 1991 disastrous economical reductions had changed millions of the Russians into unemployed people. Formally many of them weren't considered to be unemployed but in fact they existed. The enterprises also stopped to produce goods working 1-2 days a week or 2-3 month a year. The laborers couldn't get the salary for a year. Majority population having middle incomes became the beggars. All of that was the reason of psychological catastrophe. For decades of soviet experience people had got accustomed to ensuring occupation, state’s power in education, health care system and other social programs. For example, symbolic price on the main products, childish goods, residents service, public transports. Having lost an usual lifestyle the Russians were becoming wild very quickly. Crimes, alcohol and drugs filled the country. Parents thought how to survive in such a world and didn’t pay attention to the children’s upbringing. The rough houses and violence in the family was a normal occurrence.

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Nowadays At the same time with the ruins of the economy the break-up of education and upbringing in Russia was going on and leading to the second psychological catastrophe. The consequences of it was a new Russian generation. The main feature for them was the disconnection with traditions, common values ​​and social rules. While parents were becoming wild, their children are wild too. In differ from the adults who were trying to keep family and decide some problems the children of reforms without of social experience of growing-up were turning into head of amoral, selfish, greedy, evil and dull society. Of course, such atmosphere assisted in growing the adolescent delinquency, alcoholism, drugs, epidemic of illnesses like AIDS and others. The system of out school education was removed. The houses of culture, the pioneer’s houses which took up the leisure of pupils found the talented boys and girls helped them to develop their abilities disappeared. Unfortunately, organizations’ premises were bought by businessmen who rebuilt it into expensive night clubs, casinos, restaurant for the rich. The children's clubs were eliminated and passed away. Pupils were represented by themselves at free time after school and became the victims of criminal world. A big amount of youth bangs created in cities which after a while turned into the skinheads bangs. Every bang came up against “strangers” and without doubt the black men were strangers for them too. The Russian skinheads are a products of social changes in the country. We see that the skins’ bang appeared nominally in the big developed cities, where the main wealth had bee concentrating for the last years. Looking at the officials and criminals the poor adolescents were jealous and hated them, but they were afraid to set upon new Russian businessmen due to their security.

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Why led their hatred to the most accessible people- foreigners. In the town the plants and factories suffered from the deep crisis connected with these enterprises. The skins weren't there, but the varied youth's bangs were. In these towns all the population was poor. There weren't any reasons to hate new businessmen who didn't live there. the hatred was summoned by boriness and jobless life. our skins imitated the western model of clothes. The specific treat of Russian skins is love the slavery confederation's flag put on the sleeve or on the back of their braziers. Nowadays it is also very popular to wear the stripes like a cross or a portrayal of Hitler, number 88 or letters WP (means White Power). The skins usually don't carry any weapons and guns with themselves because they don't want to come sb's attention but they use the belts with metal buckles in the fights and battles. The latest “cry” of skins-fashion is decoration their belts with bonds which make these knuckle- duster very dangerous. Our skins are adherents of musical style “oi” like western nation-skins. Western red-skins generally listen to punk music, post-punk, trash or art-rock, jazz-rock. Many of them prefer Pink Floyd and Ganry. Majority of them create musical skin’s group in Moscow as “Conquest”, “White dog”, Vandal”, “crack” and others. But the most famous group is punk oi group “Terror”. Nominally members of “Terror” establish the trends in Russian musical skin culture. Only two groups from Saint-Petersburg and Jaroslavl are opponents for Muscovites. At first they were called “Tottenkopf” but later in 1996 year “Tottenkopf” was shorten like TNF and after several time this abbreviation was interpreted like “Terror National Front”. The texts of skins’ songs as usual are quite primitive and don’t make a strong impression despite their aggression.

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the skins songs There are many Caucasian Nigroes raised their heads, But for our streets, For our girls in the disco Against nigro and Asian For the Russian nation. Neither policy nor perfect-patriot Skinheads go forward! Black bomber, evil wind Skin head. There won’t be mosque There will be Russian scene Kill without forgiving All Caucasian’s things We are for Russian order For our children’s lifes. Without a doubt such a text is a reason beginning the criminal affair, but where anybody tried to take to court one of these groups. This text in comparison with another is very moderate and a sample of high “literature”.

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Our skins deal with their western “brothers” actively. The skins’ press also exists: the magazines “White resistance”, “Stop”, “I’m white”, “Street fighter”. The ultra right sites in Internet are specially considered for skins including “Russian mirror” of American skinheads site “Storm front”. Major skins are gathered in little bangs the place of their living or study (80% per cent of them are pupils from the 9th-11th forms, students of colleges, or the unemployed who aren't political organizations. But in Moscow two political severe skinheads organizations work called “Skin legion" and " Blood and Honor"- Russian (have 100-150 members). Members of each group make gossips that hundreds of people join them. Many other simple skins believe it and are jealious and respect them. In spite of them there are few decent skins group for example “Russian aim” and nation-skin-girls group “Russian girls”

Developed by:Korenev Ilya Dmitrievich

Slide 2: The origin of the movement

The first skinheads appeared in England in the autumn of 1968, originally it was an offshoot of the mod movement. They were tough guys who equally hated both young bourgeois majors and relaxed hippie drug addicts. loose suit jackets and badges of banned parties One day in 1969, a fight broke out between skinheads and marines in a London port tavern. The first battle for the skinheads ended in heavy losses. After that, the skins cut off their collars, narrowed their trousers, took off their badges, and shod their legs in heavy army boots

slide 3

The appearance of skins was a consequence of the decomposition of the punk movement and the economic crisis. This is a subculture of guys from the working outskirts - economically depressed areas of the country. These guys had no prospects: they knew that there was no work and there would not be, there was no money and there would not be. The only entertainment was to fight with other such the same, but from the neighboring area

Slide 4: Clothes

In the skins' clothes, everything is strictly functional, adapted for a street fight: Tight black jeans, cheap, durable, on which dirt and blood are poorly visible Heavy lace-up army shoes with thick soles, comfortable for running and being a weapon in a fight Short jackets - bombers - to the enemy there was nothing to grab onto Shaved or shaved head so that the enemy could not grab the hair No glasses, badges, bags, shoulder straps - nothing that prevents you from dodging from the hands of the enemy

Slide 5: Getting Started

Since the mid-70s, neo-fascists have become more active in the UK. The National Front (NF) and other ultra-rightists staged street processions and attacked people of color (Asians, Africans, immigrants from the West Indies) , the ranks of the NF grew rapidly, the front even won in some places in the municipal elections For skinheads, neo-fascists quickly became a role model. On the other hand, neo-fascists began to actively work among skinheads. The Nazis gave money for the creation of skin clubs Amateur skin groups began to sing songs with openly racist lyrics. The favorite slogan of the skins was "Keep Britain white!" This is what the slogan looked like in English Kip Britin vait!

Slide 6: Spreading the motion

In the late 70s - early 80s, skins appeared in Scandinavia, Holland, Germany, USA, Canada, Australia In the mid 80s - in France, Belgium, Denmark, Switzerland In the 90s in the countries of the former Eastern bloc and in Russia

Slide 7: Russian skinheads

A feature of Russian skins is the love for the flag of the slave-owning Confederation during the war between North and South in the USA, usually sewn on the sleeve or, if the patch is large, on the back of the jacket. There are also stripes in the form of a swastika, a portrait of Hitler, the number 88 (that is, “Heit Hitler!”) Or the letters WP (“Whit e Power”) They do not carry weapons with them, but in fights they use belts with a weighted buckle wound around their arm. skinmod squeak - decorating the belt with a supposedly decorative chain (in fact, the chain makes this impromptu brass knuckles more dangerous)

slide 8: music

The first skinheads listened to ska, which evolved into pub rock as they played it in beer pubs. It was hard, simple, early rock'n'roll based melodies. The synthesis of pub rock and punk produced an original skin music called Oi! » - the evil music of the children of the streets, returning to the aggressive roots of punk rock

Slide 9: Interests of Russian skinheads

In politics, they are guided by the extreme right or are completely apolitical Negative attitude towards drugs They prefer to raise their tone with domestic beer Football

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Slide 10: Relation to other subcultures

The most friendly relations with bikers With metalheads and punks, communication ranges from moderately peaceful to mild hostility. The main enemies are rappers and ravers. Rappers are hated for imitating the completely alien Negro culture of Ravers - for unisex, adherence to synthetic drugs and wealth

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slide 11 activity

In 1991, in the German city of Hoyerswerda, neo-fascists and skinheads, armed with knives and gas pistols, destroyed the hostel of Vietnamese and Mozambican refugees. In 1992, this was repeated on an even larger scale. The population of the country sharply opposed outbreaks of national and racial intolerance. In response to the attacks of neo-fascists, more than 400 thousand people with candles, torches and flashlights in their hands formed a 45-kilometer chain in Munich, expressing their protest against racism and violence. The demonstration was supported by hundreds of demonstrations across Germany