How to open your own company

Own business is the dream of many Russians who are tired or not ready to be hired workers. Having a promising business plan, you should determine in what organizational and legal form to register your company, choose the optimal taxation system and solve a number of other issues. You can learn how to open a company in Russia from experienced lawyers who are familiar with the procedure for registering legal entities.

Optimal organizational and legal form

The most profitable and optimal organizational and legal form in terms of taxation and the complexity of accounting and reporting is LLC. This is the conclusion reached by most entrepreneurs who want to start their own business at no extra cost. You can cope with this task yourself, following the step-by-step instructions of an experienced lawyer.

The owner (or owners) will have to:

• - prepare the required package of documents;
• - decide on the types of activities;
• - to form the authorized capital;
• - choose the optimal taxation system;
• - go through the registration procedure;
• - open a bank account;
• - to make a seal;
• - pick up an office;
• - hire staff.

To organize and register a company with such a form of ownership, one founder is enough, but the total number of participants cannot exceed 50 people.

Registration documents

To create your own company in the form of a limited liability company, you must prepare a package of documents in which in addition to the application form P11001, the following must enter:

1. the decision of the founder (taken individually) or the minutes of the meeting of the founders (if there are several of them);
2. company charter;
3. Memorandum of Association (subject to the creation of the company by 2 or more persons);
4. a document confirming the payment of the state fee;
5. duly executed power of attorney (if the registration is carried out by a representative);
6. application for the transition to an acceptable taxation system.

Before submitting documents, you must take care of the legal address. The registering authority will require a document, will require confirmation of its existence. If this is a rented or own premises, you will have to provide a letter of guarantee signed by the owner, if the company is registered at the address of the CEO or the founder, his written consent is required.

As for the size of the authorized capital, it cannot be less than 10 thousand rubles, and must be paid in full within 4 months after passing the registration procedure.

Tax system: what to choose?

The current legislation of the Russian Federation allows you to choose the following types of it:

• - simplified (USN);
• - general (OSNO);
• - single tax on temporary tax (UTII);
• - the unified agricultural tax (ESHN);
• - patent system (PSN).

Most of the owners of modern companies prefer "simplified". This system is the best option for small business owners. Its advantages are obvious:

1. you will have to regularly pay one tax instead of three;
2. deductions to the budget are made once a quarter;
3. reporting is submitted once a year.

The system allows you to select taxation at 2 rates:

• - 6% (all profits earned by the company are taxed);
• - 15%, which are taxed on the company's income (this takes into account the expenses that the company had in the process of work).

Enterprises that have chosen the common system pay property tax, profit tax and VAT and are required to regularly submit reports on them.

Companies working on UTII pay a deduction to the budget, the amount of which depends on the type of activity, the size of the area on which it is carried out, the availability and number of employees.

Unified agricultural tax can choose an enterprise, 70% of the income of which is received from the sale of agricultural products.

The patent system is intended for firms whose line of business requires obtaining permits (patents).

Choice of activities

Any enterprise is created only if its founders know what they want to do and have a business plan for the development of their company. However, you should think about the fact that in the process of work, related areas may appear that will make the business even more successful. When registering documents, you will have to indicate one main type of activity and any number of additional ones.

It is not a problem if in the course of work the company needs to add additional activities. This can be easily done by writing an appropriate application to the tax authority.

Registration procedure

Having prepared the necessary documents, having chosen the types of activities and the optimal taxation system, you can proceed to the final stage - the submission of documents. Modern legislation allows you to do this in several ways:

1. in person or through a representative;
2. by mail;
3. using the Internet.

Having chosen the first option, you should contact the registration authority of the Federal Tax Service at the location of the company's legal address. In large cities, this function has been transferred to multifunctional centers. If the documents are submitted by a representative, you must ensure that you have a notarized power of attorney. In case of personal transfer of documents, the presence of all founders is required (in the same composition, you will have to pick up the documents). Consideration of an application and making a decision is carried out within three working days from the date of their submission.

When submitting an application by mail, you should be aware that you do not need to visit the registration authority to receive ready-made documents. They will be sent to the registered office of the company. The disadvantage of this method is the mandatory notarization of the signatures of all founders, and these are significant costs, to which the payment for postal services will be added.

The most popular application is online. The special service is simple and easy to use, which makes it easy to fill in the necessary forms even for people who are not confident Internet users. In addition, the program is configured in such a way that the applicant will not be able to send forms filled in with errors, and this greatly simplifies the procedure for accepting documents.