Test tickets by profession coppersmith. Examination tickets by profession line pipe fitter
Secondary vocational education
"Tambov Polytechnic College"
Exam tickets for the exam
by subject:
"Maintenance and repair of vehicles"by profession: "Auto mechanic" OST 9 ON 02.30.20-2000
Commission of special disciplines in the specialty 190604
FGOU SPO "Tambov Polytechnic College"
Compiled by: Tolstoy Valery Leontievich, teacher of FGOU SPO
Examination tickets for "Maintenance and repair of vehicles"
TICKET №1.
1 Checking and adjusting the fuel level in the carburetor float chamber.
2. Concept, methods and means of fault detection.
3.Selection of parts and assembly of the crankshaft (piston-rod).
TICKET №2.
Reliability of the car, its main properties and indicators.
Diagnosis of diesel engine injectors.
Typical malfunctions of the timing, their external
TICKET №3.
Car reliability properties and their indicators
Ways to identify hidden defects in car parts.
Diagnosis of the technical condition of the timing.
TICKET №4.
The concept of serviceable and faulty condition of the car.
Picking parts: work performed, methods.
The procedure for regulating thermal clearances of the timing (UAZ 469).
1) Check and adjust wheel alignment.
2) Methods for organizing car maintenance.
3) Diagnosing the technical condition of the timing.
TICKET №6.
1) The concept of failure. Types of failures and their causes.
2) Ways of picking parts for the repair of vehicle systems.
3) The procedure for removing air from the hydraulic brakes.
TICKET №7.
The essence of the preventive maintenance and repair system for vehicles.
Classification of ways to restore parts.
Lapping of timing valves, quality control of grinding.
TICKET №8.
The essence of the preventive maintenance and repair system for vehicles.
Balancing parts after repair, types of balancing.
Timing valve adjustment (UAZ 469 engine).
TICKET No. 9 1) Types and frequency of maintenance of cars, work performed.
2) Restoration of parts by metalwork and mechanical processing.
3) Diagnosis of steering.
TICKET №10.
1) Types of car repair, their purpose, place of performance.
2) Diagnosis of the technical condition of the gearbox.
3) Removal of air from the hydraulic actuator.
TICKET №11.
Types of work performed during TO-1, TO-2 and CO.
The essence of soldering, scope, solders and fluxes.
Typical malfunctions of the cooling system, their external signs and methods of elimination.
Checking the fuel injection advance angle.
3) Typical malfunctions of the lubrication system, their external signs and methods of elimination.
TICKET №13.
The basic concepts of the teaching staff of the TOP: maintenance, repair, working condition, diagnosis.
essence of welding. Types and methods of welding.
Checking and adjusting the camber of the front steered wheels.
TICKET №14.
Purpose and structure of car service stations.
The essence of surfacing. Surfacing methods.
Elimination of characteristic malfunctions of the cooling system.
TICKET №15.
1) The composition and equipment of car service stations.
Method for welding parts made of cast iron.
TICKET №16.
1) The technological process of car maintenance at the service station.
2) Methods for welding parts made of aluminum alloys.
3) Tech. maintenance of the lubrication system.
TICKET №17.
Purpose and maintenance of the system of maintenance and repair of vehicles.
Types of polymeric materials and methods of their application in the repair of parts.
Typical malfunctions of power supply systems for carburetor engines. Signs, causes.
TICKET №18.
Stationary vehicle maintenance facilities.
Methods for restoring parts by plastic deformation.
Typical malfunctions of the diesel engine power system; signs, reasons.
TICKET №19.
Mobile vehicle maintenance vehicles.
Restoration of parts by electromechanical processing.
The technological process of diagnosing the technical condition of the units.
TICKET №20.
Purpose and types of car maintenance posts.
Typical malfunctions of the power supply system of carburetor engines methods of determination.
Classification of technological equipment for maintenance and repair.
Purpose, types and organizational forms of assembly.
The procedure for determining the fuel injection advance angle (KamAZ).
TICKET №22.
Purpose, layout of the outdoor car wash site.
Adjustment of idle speed of carburetor engines.
TICKET №23.
Types of car repair, content and their purpose.
Balancing, its types and technology.
CPG assembly (piston-pin-rod).
TICKET №24.
The principle of circulating water supply in external car washing.
Forecasting of the residual resource of aggregates.
.Adjusting the idle speed of carburetor engines
TICKET №25.
Purpose, layout of the post for refueling vehicles with fuel, composition of equipment.
3) Adjustment of the free travel of the brake pedal with hydraulic drive.
TICKET №26.
Purpose, device and principle of operation of the fuel dispenser.
Repair and testing of car springs.
Adjustment work on the chassis.
TICKET №27.
Purpose, types of car diagnostic posts, their equipment.
Gearing adjustment in bevel gears.
Diagnosis of brakes by the method of sea trials.
TICKET №28.
The procedure for determining the gaps in the pivot connection of the suspension.
Running-in and testing of cars after KR.
Technological sequence of engine assembly.
TICKET №29.
The procedure for determining and adjusting clearances in wheel hub bearings.
Methods for applying paintwork.
Features of the installation of liners and crankshaft when assembling the engine.
TICKET №30.
Steering adjustment work.
Body anti-corrosion protection.
Features of the installation of liners in the block when assembling the engine.
TICKET №31.
Repair and testing of springs.
Putting the car into operation after repair.
Features of the assembly of the connecting rod and piston group.
TICKET №32.
The procedure for determining the backlash and the effort required to overcome the friction forces in the steering.
Malfunctions of the internal combustion engine, their signs and methods of determination.
Features of the assembly of the flywheel and crankshaft.
TICKET №33.
Diagnosis of brake performance.
Methods for drying paintwork.
Typical clutch malfunctions: signs, causes.
TICKET №34.
The procedure for setting the initial ignition timing.
Devices for diagnosing the engine, the order of their use.
Run-in and testing of the engine after KR.
TICKET №35.
Mechanized filling units: device, principle of operation.
3) Battery maintenance.
TICKET №36.
Mobile repair shops, purpose, composition, equipment and list of work performed.
Equipment, instruments and tools for engine diagnostics.
Typical clutch malfunctions, external signs, causes.
TICKET №37.
Delivery of a car for repair, types of completeness, documentation.
Typical gearbox malfunctions, external signs, methods of elimination.
Starter repair, test methods after repair.
Checking the technical condition of the engine by external signs.
Typical malfunctions of the main gear, external signs, methods of elimination.
TICKET №39.
Scheme of the technological process of maintenance and repair of vehicles.
Checking the technical condition of the engine on the instruments.
Typical malfunctions of the driveline, external signs, methods of elimination.
TICKET №40.
Technological process of car maintenance, technological documentation.
Instrumentation maintenance (on the example of a cooling system)
Common battery problems.
TICKET №41.
Types, tasks and methods for diagnosing the technical condition of vehicles
Maintenance of gas-cylinder engine installations.
Typical malfunctions and maintenance of generators.
TICKET №42.
Structural and diagnostic parameters, their types.
Typical malfunctions of the CPG, their external signs.
Typical malfunctions and maintenance of starters.
TICKET №43.
Forecasting the residual life of the car.
Gearbox diagnostics.
Typical malfunctions and maintenance of the classic ignition system.
TICKET №44.
Steering diagnostics.
Causes of malfunction of the CPG and ways to determine them.
Battery repair.
TICKET №45.
Car preparation and headlight adjustment.
Causes of KShM malfunction and methods for their determination.
Repair of generators, typical malfunctions.
TICKET №46.
Checking the general technical condition of the car.
Diagnosis of CPG with the engine running.
Repair of starters, methods of their testing.
TICKET №47.
Determination of engine power during diagnosis.
Diagnostics of KShM at the working and not working engine.
Repair of devices of systems of ignition.
TICKET №48.
Hydraulic service brake adjustment.
Delivery of the car after the KR in operation.
TICKET №49.
Determination of fuel consumption during diagnosis.
Dismantling and defect detection of KShM.
Clutch malfunctions, signs, causes, solutions..
TICKET №50.
Determination and regulation of the clearance in the bearings of the worm of the steering gear.
Replacing the piston rings of the CPG, the procedure for their selection.
Transmission malfunctions, symptoms, causes, remedies
TICKET №51.
1) Pneumatic service brake adjustment.
2)) Checking and adjusting diesel injectors.
3) Repair of parts using synthetic adhesives, examples.
TICKET №52.
Methods for organizing car maintenance.
Selection of parts and assembly of the CPG.
Repair of steering assembly units.
EXAMINATION TICKETS for training in the profession "fastener" for the 3rd category
Ticket number 1
1. What is called rock, ore? Types of rocks and ores found in the mine.
2. Connecting the elements of the mounting frame into a paw, into a groove, into a spike, into a tooth. conditions for their use.
3. Safety measures during the repair of lining in horizontal workings.
Currently, the Kaula-Kotselvaara mine is developing two sulfide copper-nickel deposits, these are Semiletka and Kotselvaara. A rock is a natural collection of minerals of a more or less constant composition. By origin, rocks are divided into three groups: igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary. Rocks of igneous origin are deposited at the mine. An ore is a type of minerals (natural mineral formation) containing compounds of useful components (minerals, metals) in concentrations that make their extraction economically feasible. Averaged geological section for the "Kotselvaara-Kommikivi" field. HOUSING ROCKS. Rocks of footwall: Barren phyllites are rocks of medium and fine grained structure, as a rule, layered, weakly and moderately fractured. At contact with the ore body, the rocks are silicified, with increased sulfide mineralization and graphitization. In some areas with an ore body, phyllites can be highly fractured, sheared, and thinly bedded. The strength coefficient (f) according to Protodyakonov ranges from 12 to 16, depending on the grain size, the degree of silicification and other secondary changes. The rocks are classified as resistant and moderately resistant. Gabbro, gabbro-diabases, diabases are intrusive rocks of the basic composition from coarse-grained to fine-grained structure, dense, viscous, monolithic, slightly fractured. Coefficient f from 15 to 18. Breeds belong to the category of quite stable and stable. Tufas are very rare. The rocks are fine and medium-grained, weakly and medium-fissured, massive texture.
Coefficient f from 13 to 16. They belong to the categories of stable and moderately stable.Barren serpentinites are rocks of ultramafic composition, fine and medium-grained. The most typical are talcification and chloritization. Coefficient f from 12 to 14. They belong to the category of medium resistant.
Breeds weighing what side:
Barren serpentinites, Barren phyllites, gabbro (pyroxinites).
Ore bodies:
The ore bodies of the deposits are predominantly sheet-like. Represented in the ore body by mineralized phyllitamium, brecciated massive ore, gray ore, and mineralized serpentinites. The main type of ores: disseminated ordinary ores in serpentinites.
Mineralized phyllites are silicified, graphitized, weakly and moderately fractured. Coefficient f from 13 to 16. They belong to the category of stable and moderately stable.
Brecciated ore refers to rich ores. There are two varieties: weak (loose) and dense. Weak - f from 8 to 9. The ore is unstable. Dense - f from 10 to 14. Belongs to the category of medium-resistant.
Massive (continuous) ore - texture is massive, moderately fractured. Coefficient f from 12 to 13. Belongs to the category of medium resistant.
Gray ore is a rich ore in serpentinites. Coefficient f from 14 to 15. As a rule, it belongs to the category of medium-resistant.
Mineralized serpentinites are the most common type of ore. The ore is usually moderately fractured. Coefficient f from 12 to 14. They belong to the category of moderately stable, less often unstable.
Wooden lining is widely used for fixing horizontal workings with a short service life (up to 5-7 years) and with moderate rock pressure.
The lining has a number of valuable advantages: wide distribution of wood, high strength of wood, ease of preparation of lining elements, ease of installation in the mine. But there are also disadvantages of wooden lining: short service life due to decay, fire hazard, insufficient strength at high rock pressure, difficulty in giving the working a rational curvilinear cross-sectional shape. At the Kaula-Kotselvaara mine, mostly incomplete fixing frames are used, installed solid or staggered with a distance between frames of up to 1.3 m.For top racks and racks of frames, a standard ore rack is used. The rack is installed with the thin end down.
The method of connecting the elements of the mounting frames is determined depending on the conditions in which the support will work. The main requirements for connecting the parts of the mounting frames to each other are as follows:
a) connections should not be complex and time-consuming to manufacture;
b) connections should not weaken the lining structure;
c) the planes of the cuts in the joints, if possible, should be perpendicular to the acting forces;
d) the distribution of forces in the sections must be uniform.
The elements of the mounting frame are connected using various locks (cuts); in the paw; into the groove; at the butt; in the thorn and in the tooth.
The paw lock is the most common. It is used to connect racks to the top.
The dimensions of the lock are applied depending on the direction of rock pressure. The figure shows the direction of rock pressure and the corresponding lock design.
In the manufacture of the castle and the erection of the support, it is necessary to achieve a tight fit of the parts. In case of incorrect sealing, the lock and, consequently, the mounting frame will soon be destroyed.
The lock in the groove is used mainly to connect the reinforcing elements of the lining (intermediate posts with girders and longitudinal beds. A notch (fillet) is made in the strut with a diameter equal to the diameter of the top or run or slightly larger. In case of discrepancy 
diameter can cause splitting of the rack.
The lock in the groove is used to connect the racks with the top racks, when there is complete confidence in the absence of lateral pressure, as well as when replacing solid support frames, when winding the rack into the paw is impossible.
A butt lock is used very rarely and usually to connect elements in a solid arched and ring wooden lining. The connection is reliable only in ring structures with a small
the length of the individual elements. With such a connection, bolts with pads, corners, shoes are needed. It is almost never used in mines.
A spike lock is also used very rarely, for example, when fastening workings apart with a very weak roof and strong rock in the face, when the rock is broken in an explosive way, and the backlog of the lining from the face is unacceptable. The spike connection is used in rare cases, since its strength in mine conditions is low, and its manufacture is difficult.
A tooth lock is usually used to connect a post to a bed in a complete fixing frame. Often, at the joints in the lock, metal staples are driven in to stiffen the connection.
All workers must be familiarized against signature with instructions on safe working methods for their profession.
Work in the mine must be carried out in accordance with a written order issued in accordance with the Regulations on the work order system.
It is prohibited to issue an order to perform work in workings in which there are violations of the requirements of safety rules and standards, except for orders to eliminate violations.
When repairing the support in haulage workings along which trains are moving, light signals must be installed at a distance of 80 m. in both directions from the place where the repair work is carried out. The contact wire at the repair site must be disconnected and grounded.
As a result of the action of rock pressure, mine waters and the mine atmosphere, the workings gradually become unusable. To ensure the smooth operation of the faces and underground transport, normal ventilation and the creation of safe working conditions, all workings of the workings must have a clear cross-sectional area and gaps that comply with the requirements of the Safety Rules, as well as a serviceable rail track and drainage groove. Works that do not meet these requirements must be repaired in a timely manner.
The repair of mine workings is called work to correct the deformed lining, to expand the section of the working. Depending on the nature and scope of work, three types of repairs are poured - current, medium and capital.
The current repair consists in replacing individual deformed frames (arches), their elements or tightening, sealing cracks or small falls in stone, concrete and reinforced concrete lining.
With a frame wooden, metal and mixed lining, the deformation of the racks, top bars and puffs most often occurs.
When replacing one rack under the top rack, a temporary rack (scaffold) is knocked out, the deformed rack is removed, a new rack is installed, and the repair is removed. When replacing two racks under the top rack, two temporary racks are knocked out, and the deformed racks are alternately replaced with new ones.To replace deformed racks in several adjacent frames, a longitudinal pickup is installed, which serves to hold the tops of those frames in which racks need to be replaced. To maintain the pickup, temporary racks are knocked under it. To replace the top frames or individual frames, intermediate frames are pre-installed, which are usually not removed after repair. In heavily disturbed rocks, the tops or frames are replaced under the cover of a safety driven lining. If it is necessary to replace the deformed racks in the frame and the top rack, the racks are first replaced, and then the top rack. Safety rules prohibit the removal of more than two frames at the same time. The replacement of deformed puffs starts from the soil. The space between the puff and the sides of the workings is filled with rock.
The average repair consists in replacing the frames in the area of workings (usually up to 5m), with the installation of intermediate frames. When replacing deformed frames, before removing the repaired frame and neighboring ones (at least three on each side) under the upper frame, temporary racks are installed, then the frame racks are pressed into the working. Then they knock out a temporary stand supporting the top, release and remove the rock. A new frame is installed in this place. Deformed frames are replaced one at a time. When removing a wooden frame, adjacent frames must be reinforced with additional fasteners and embroidered.
Overhaul consists in performing a large amount of work on the complete replacement of the support; expansion of the cross-section of the working to the dimensions provided for by the fastening passport. With a complete replacement of the lining, the old lining is first removed, the rock is released, the rock is thoroughly de-plowed, the rock is loaded into wagons and a new lining is installed. In workings with weak rocks, it is necessary to use driven support or grouting. After the completion of the repair work, it is necessary to remove the remaining rock and debris, clean the drainage groove and the rail track.
Mining foremen supervise the state of the support on a daily basis, and the head of the site or his deputy daily. The management of repair work and their acceptance is carried out by mining masters.
For each development, a passport is compiled, which is a journal containing all data on the repair of the development, the volume and time of their implementation. When repairing mine workings, the same tools are used as in normal work.
Workers performing high-risk work, the list of which is established by the head of the organization, must undergo a mandatory medical examination before the start of the shift. Repair work with increased danger is carried out upon issuance of a work permit.
Safety measures during the construction of the lining:
The bottomhole must be brought to a safe condition prior to commencement of fixing work. Stakes in the roof, sides and chest of the face must be stripped. Large stakes that cannot be brought down must be reinforced with temporary posts. Frames and tightening damaged by blasting, loading and delivery equipment must be replaced.
St. Petersburg State Unitary Enterprise "GORELEKTROTRANS"
"Training course complex"
Examination tickets for the profession "Trolleybus driver of the 4th category"
(theory: electrical, mechanical and air equipment)
1. Purpose, device, location of starting-brake
resistance. Signs and causes of malfunctions.
2. Purpose, work in the electrical circuit of the relay of the minimum
current ( RMT).
3. Pneumatic suspension of a trolleybus ZiU-9, appointment,
composition, fastening to the bridge and body.
4. Purpose and location of devices of the pressure system
on the trolley. Operation of the oil separator.
1. Purpose, device and location of shunt
resistance. Signs of their failure.
2. Purpose, operation in the electrical circuit of the acceleration relay ( RU).
setting current. Signs of a bad relay.
3. Combined front axle suspension. name elements
suspensions, their connection with the bridge and the body.
4. Purpose, device and malfunctions of the brake cylinder.
How will the driver know about it?
1. Purpose, device and drive of the brake controller
in KVP-22.
2. Purpose and operation of the stop relay ( SR) in the electrical circuit.
In what cases does it work? Signs of malfunction
3. Purpose and device of the pivot pin. order and
features of its fastening on the fist of the beam. Pin angle,
setting the installation angle.
4. Brake system devices, their purpose, where they are located
on the trolley.
1. Contactor panel TP-94V, its purpose.
What devices are installed on it?
2. The purpose of the current relay ( RT). Setting current, causes and symptoms
relay operation.
3. Mounting the rear hub on the sleeve. Fasteners
4. Floor level regulator: purpose, device, operation. Where is he
mounted on a trolleybus? Its characteristic faults
how to detect and eliminate them?
1. Contactor KPP-113: purpose, device, work,
malfunctions. Signs of a bad contactor.
As, what kind of contactors is it used on a trolleybus?
2. Purpose, device and operation of the voltage relay ( RN),
list the signs and causes of relay activation.
3. Appointment of camber and convergence of steered wheels.
By what means are they achieved?
4. Purpose, device and operation of the compressor EC-4, his
performance. The location of the compressor on the trolleybus,
malfunctions and signs of malfunction.
1. Contactor KPD-110E. Purpose, device, work and
malfunctions. What kind of contactors is it used as?
2. The principle of operation of the electrodynamic brake on a trolleybus
ZiU-9. Signs of a malfunctioning electrodynamic
brakes and possible causes.
3. The design and operation of the trolleybus door drive. List drive failures. Purpose, device and operation of the friction clutch.
4. Check and safety valves: purpose, device
and adjustment. Signs of a bad adjustment.
1. Purpose, device and location of the time relay ( RV),
holding time. Signs of a bad relay.
2. Preparing a trolleybus for launch. Switching order
electrical circuits and their control at the same time.
3. Trolleybus rear axle suspension. Main suspension points.
Communication with the beam of the bridge and the body.
4. Pressure reducer functions, operation, adjustment limit.
1. Short circuit causes. Apparatus and
short circuit protection devices.
2. The principle of reversing traction motors. Reverser, drive
in operation, signs of malfunction.
3. Wheel device. Elements of fastening of forward and back wheels.
Nut tightening order, tool.
4. How is the tightness of the air system determined (according to PTE)?
1. The blocking mechanism of the reverser, purpose.
What is the principle of reversing traction motors?
Inclusion of the reverser in the electrical circuit.
2. Purpose, device and location of the time relay -1 ( RV-1).
Signs of a bad relay.
3. Purpose and device of the steering mechanism of the trolleybus ZiU-9.
Steering gear ratio. steering mount
mechanism on a trolleybus.
4. Purpose, device and malfunctions of the pneumatic element.
How does the driver detect a malfunction?
1. Assignment of parts of the driver controller ( KVP-22).
Actuation of each part.
2. Brake positions in the electrical circuit of a trolleybus ZiU-9.
Describe and show according to the scheme. Causes of the weak
electric brake action.
3. Purpose and device of the central gearbox of the rear axle.
The gear ratio of the gearbox. The purpose of the differential
its negative property.
4. Purpose, device and operation of the pressure regulator ( AK-11B).
Limits of regulation. Faults AK-11B.
On what principle is his work based?
1. Purpose and device of a group rheostat controller
(EKG-20B), actuation. Where is located? Sign of it
faulty operation.
2. What electrical circuits are switched on by switches VVC-1,
VVC-2 And VVC-3?
3. Transmission: purpose, transmission units.
4. Air tanks, capacity, location on the trolleybus.
How are they tested for durability?
1. Alkaline batteries. Purpose, type on trolleybus ZiU-9.
Battery monitoring devices on a trolleybus.
2. Signs of the absence of a power circuit that the driver must
verify?
3. Steering gear ZiU-9: purpose, device, fastening
on the chassis. The gear ratio of the mechanism.
4. Pressure reducer: dual purpose, device,
adjustment. Where it is located?
1. Location of high-voltage equipment on the trolleybus.
Location of high-voltage fuses and their purpose.
2. Tell and show the operation of the current relay according to the scheme ( RT)
on the trolley. Reasons for its operation
indications of relay operation?
3. Purpose, device and operation of the differential. Possible
malfunctions, how do they affect the course of the trolleybus?
4. Auxiliary air system devices, purpose
each of them, location by trolleybus.
1. Current leakage: causes, permissible value.
How to determine current leakage? Actions of the driver in case of current leakage.
2. List reasons for not returning a group controller
on the 1 -th position, How the driver learns about non-return GRK?
3. Wheel reducer. List the nodes of the gearbox, gear
number. Possible gearbox failures.
4. Door cylinder and electric air valve. Device, work.
1. Purpose and operation of the voltage relay ( RN). Transfer
reasons for shutdown. Like a driver about it
2. Location and purpose of low-voltage fuses.
How to check the health of the control circuit? Possible
control circuit failure.
3. Steering trapezoid: purpose, composition.
4. Brake valve of a trolleybus ZiU-9. Where is it located, what
is the follow-up action of the brake valve?
1. The main parts of the traction motor DK-210. Assignment of parts.
Technical details TED, engine mount to chassis.
Signs of malfunction TED list the reasons.
2. Signs and causes of the lack of recharging the battery
batteries on a trolleybus ZiU-9.
3. Trolleybus steering gear ZiU-9: destination. What's Included
drive composition?
4. Pneumatic elements. Purpose, device, fastening,
malfunctions.
1. driver controller ( KVP-22). Purpose of the parts of the controller,
their drive. Signs of malfunctioning parts of the controller.
2. Electric door drive, its malfunctions. Order
fault definition.
3. The device of the wheel (onboard) gearbox ZiU-9. name
moving and fixed parts of the gearbox, gear ratio.
4. Pneumatic brake adjustment relative to
electric. How to check the correctness of this adjustment
at a standing trolleybus?
1. Traction motor device: its main parts,
assignment of parts, signs of engine malfunction.
2. The principle of automatic start of a trolleybus ZiU-9. signs
lack of automatic start, what should be checked?
3. Permissible steering play according to PTE.
How to check this backlash?
4.
Purpose, device, operation and adjustment of the regulator
pressure. Pressure regulator malfunctions.
1. The device and purpose of the fan motor DK-661.
Basic technical data. Signs of not turning on the engine
fan.
2. Purpose and operation of the undercurrent relay ( RMT). setting current. Signs of a bad relay. Actions of the driver in case of his malfunctions.
3. Trolley bus tire arrangement, front and rear wheel fastening.
Tool and nuts tightening procedure.
4. The device and operation of the brake valve KAMAZ by trolleybus
ZiU-9.
1. Purpose, device and operation of the time relay ( RV).
Signs of its malfunctioning.
2. Purpose and device of the compressor engine DK-408V.
Technical details. Electric circuit for starting the engine.
Possible reasons for the compressor motor not turning on?
3. Shoe-type mechanical brake device, its
adjustment.
4. brake valve KAMAZ: device, work.
1. Group rheostat controller (EKG-20). Assignment of parts of the controller, drive to work.
Signs of malfunction GRK.
2. Symptoms of a failed control circuit and what to do
verify?
3. Appointment of convergence and camber of steered wheels, their
quantities. How is convergence adjusted?
4. Pneumatic brake system devices. Permissible output of brake cylinder rods.
1. Purpose, device and operation of the circuit breaker
AB. setting current. Signs and causes of operation. Actions
when the circuit breaker trips again.
2. Control devices of low-voltage and high-voltage electrical circuits. Including them in electrical circuits and the meaning of their readings.
3. Power steering: purpose, device, connection with the steering
drive.
4. The device and operation of the floor level regulator. Possible malfunctions and their consequences.
1. Purpose and design of current collectors, technical data and possible malfunctions. Limiters for lifting and lowering pantographs, the principle of operation.
2. Purpose and arrangement of cam elements KE-42, KE-54 And KE-61. Where are they installed and how do they work?
3. Purpose, device and adjustment of the hand brake.
How to check the effectiveness of the handbrake?
4. Compressor EC-4: purpose, performance, device. Compressor malfunctions.
1. Purpose, device, location of starting-brake rheostats. signs of their failure.
2. Describe and show on the diagram the maneuvering position.
Why does a position have two positions? 1-a And 1 ?
3. Cardan shaft used on a trolleybus. Purpose, device, spline connection (what is it for?) Cardan shaft malfunctions.
4. brake valve KAMAZ: device, work, malfunctions.
1. Generator assignment ( G-263) and regulator relay ( RR-Z6Z), their joint work with the battery. Signs of malfunction and what should be checked?
2. Describe and show in a diagram the effect of an electric brake on 1 -th and 2 -th brake positions.
3. Trolleybus rear axle suspension ZiU-9. Suspension elements, purpose of suspension elements, malfunctions.
4. brake valve KAMAZ. Application of it on a trolleybus ZiU-9.
1. Placement of high-voltage equipment on a trolleybus.
The purpose of high-voltage fuses, their location.
2. Heating of the trolleybus cab ZiU-9. Possible malfunctions
heating systems. The procedure for turning off heating devices.
3. Elements for fastening the front and rear hubs. name these
elements in a certain sequence during installation.
4. What mechanisms and in what order
to work when you press the brake pedal?
Answers to the questions of examination tickets for students majoring in oil and gas production operator.
Ticket number 1
1. Physical and chemical properties of oil. Oil classification.
Physical and chemical properties of oil.
Oil is a combustible oily liquid, which is a mixture of various hydrocarbons (HC).
Consists of: hydrocarbons, sulfur, oxygen, water, salts of organic and inorganic acids, and nitrogen-containing compounds.
Oil classification.
By sulfur content: low sulfur (less than 0.5%), sulfur (0.5-2%) and high sulfur (more than 2%)
According to the content of resinous substances: low-resinous (less than 18%), resinous (18-35%) and highly resinous (more than 35%).
According to the content of paraffin: without paraffin (less than 1%), slightly paraffin (1-2%) and paraffin (more than 2%).
The color of the oil is from light brown to dark brown and black.
Density from 730 to 980 kg/m3
Oil properties:
- viscosity (at constant pressure and increasing temperature, the viscosity of oil increases, i.e. gas comes out of it);
-shrinkage of oil (shows how much its volume changes on the surface compared to deep conditions);
- volumetric coefficient (this is the ratio of the volume of fluid in reservoir conditions and its volume with standard conditions).
Oil has dielectric properties (conducts current).
2. Development of gas and gas condensate fields under different reservoir conditions.
In the gas regime, the development of gas fields is carried out without maintaining reservoir pressure, i.e. to exhaustion.
When developing gas condensate fields with industrial reserves of condensate in the gas mode of the reservoir, the development is carried out with the maintenance of reservoir pressure.
And after the commercial reserves of condensate are extracted, they switch to development without maintaining reservoir pressure.
Under the water-driven regime, gas and gas-containing fields are operated without artificial maintenance of reservoir pressure.
3. Periods of operation of gas and gas condensate fields.
1st: a period of intense mining. During this period, drilling of wells takes place. Production is constantly increasing. There is no DCS. The period ends when the maximum production is reached.
2nd: period of constant production. It is characterized by additional drilling of wells; maintaining the maximum annual production at a constant level. Building and operating DCS.
3rd: period of decline in production. Characterized by low reservoir pressure; decommissioning of some wells.
4. Types of briefings. Their content and duration.
- Induction training;
- Instruction at the workplace;
— Current (in 3 months);
— Periodic (after 1 year);
– One-time (acceptance of a car with raw materials, etc.);
- Extraordinary (replacement of raw materials or reagents; replacement of equipment; change in the technological scheme; by order from above (accident)).
Ticket number 2
1. Physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbon condensates. The concept of stable condensate.
Condensate
The dew point pressure is the pressure at which condensate begins to form.
Condensate in the liquid state, being in the reservoir, closes the pores and cracks, thus reducing the gas permeability.
Stable condensate is condensate that does not contain gas. (Unstable condensate - contains gas).
2. Technological scheme of adsorption drying of gas.
Raw gas through three technological lines sequentially passes through the inlet manifolds and enters the gas collection manifold. Inlet manifolds pass from the gas collection manifold and are directed to the suction manifold of the BCS.
At the BCS, it is cleaned in dust collectors, compressed in gas turbine superchargers and cooled in air coolers.
From the pressure manifold of the BCS, the cooled gas enters the horizontal separator and then to the adsorber.
3. Device and principle of operation of spring pressure gauges.
Manometers are used to measure pressure.
Spring gauges include tubular single-turn spring gauges. Their action is based on the use of the relationship between the elastic deformation of the sensing element (spring) and internal pressure.
Pressure values in N/m 2 or kg.s./cm 2 are marked on scale technical and control pressure gauges. Scale pressure gauges are divided into 100 and 300 divisions.
It happens: helix pressure gauges (MG); self-recording tubular multi-turn (MSTM); tubular recorders (MTS).
Gauges are installed in a vertical position.
It is recommended to install pressure gauges so that the measured pressure is 1/3 or 2/3 of the maximum of its scale.
The simplest check is to check the 0th position of the arrow.
4. Personal protective equipment. (PPE) The procedure for obtaining, applying, protecting.
PPE is a set of protective equipment and tools that are created at all gas facilities to save people and eliminate possible accidents. PPE is issued to workers and employees.
Issued depending on the nature and conditions of the work performed. Protective clothing and safety devices issued to workers and employees are considered the property of the enterprise and are subject to return: upon dismissal; at the end of the expiration date; when transferring to another job in the same enterprise.
Workers and employees are required to use the issued PPE during work.
When using respirators, gas masks, self-rescuers, etc. workers must undergo special instruction on the rules of use and the simplest ways to check the serviceability of these devices, as well as training in their use.
PPE includes: Cotton suit; padded jacket, hat, boots (special footwear does not have horseshoes - does not give a spark); mosquito, balaclava.
Ticket number 3
1. Conditions for the occurrence of oil, gas and water in reservoirs.
Most of the oil and gas fields are confined to sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary rocks consist of grains of individual minerals cemented with clay, limestone and other substances. Oil and gas are also rocks, but not solid, but liquid and gaseous.
Oil and gas in oil and gas deposits are located in the spaces between the grains, in the cracks and voids of the rocks that make up the reservoir. Oil in commercial volumes is usually found only in those reservoirs that, together with the surrounding rocks, form traps of various shapes, convenient for the accumulation of oil.
Oil and gas are usually located in the reservoir according to their densities - gas is deposited in the upper part of the trap, oil is located below, and water is even lower. In a gas reservoir that does not contain oil, the gas lies directly above the water. Complete gravitational separation of gas, oil and water does not occur, and part of the water remains in the oil and gas zones of the formation.
The fluid and gases in the reservoir are under pressure, which increases with the depth of the deposit. In deposits located at great depths, with high reservoir pressure and high temperatures, in the presence of a sufficient amount of gas, a significant part of the oil is in the form of a gas solution
2. Technological scheme of the adsorption gas dehydration unit. Adsorbent regeneration system.
Technological scheme of the adsorption gas dehydration unit.
Raw gas through three technological lines sequentially passes through the inlet manifolds and enters the gas collection manifold. Inlet manifolds pass from the gas collection manifold and are directed to the suction manifold of the BCS. At the BCS, it is cleaned in dust collectors, compressed in gas turbine superchargers and cooled in air coolers. From the pressure manifold of the BCS, the cooled gas enters the horizontal separator and then to the adsorber.
Adsorbent regeneration system.
The adsorbent regeneration system is designed to restore the initial properties of the adsorbent with dry gas and includes: regeneration gas heater; desorber (adsorber); gas recovery refrigerator; regeneration gas separator.
3. Absolute and gauge gas pressure. Pressure units.
Distinguish between gauge pressure and absolute pressure.
Overpressure- the difference between the pressure of a liquid or gas and the pressure of the environment.
Absolute pressure- pressure measured from absolute zero pressure or from absolute vacuum. This pressure is a t/d state parameter.
Pressure is measured in N / m 2, mm of mercury (or water) column, kg.s. / m 2
4. Hot work. Safety measures during hot work. Planned and emergency. Work permit.
Fire work. Security measures during their implementation.
Hot work includes all operations associated with the use of open fire, sparking and heating to t °, capable of causing ignition of materials and structures.
A permit must be issued. Start work only after the indication of the responsible person. Provide the workplace with primary fire extinguishing equipment. Air environment control. Apparatus, vessels, containers must be cleaned, turned off with plugs with the appropriate entries in the log. Cylinders should be located no closer than 10 m from the workplace.
Work permit.
Compiled in 2 copies. It is drawn up by the person responsible for the work, signed by the head of the facility, agreed with the fire department, the production department and the labor protection department. Approved by the chief engineer, deputy head of production and head of the technical department.
Planned and emergency work.
Firefighting hot work is divided into scheduled and emergency.
Planned hot work is divided into:
- simple - these are works directly affecting the gas pipeline, gas equipment, pipeline, equipment for transporting fuel and lubricants (fuels and lubricants);
- complex - this is work on gas pipelines, etc. (see above). It is carried out according to the permit and the plan for the organization and conduct of hot work;
- complex - these are works carried out simultaneously at several technologically related objects or in several dispersed places at one object.
Emergency hot work is carried out in accordance with the permit and the plan for the elimination of accidents, signed by the work management.
Ticket number 4
1. Physical and chemical properties of natural gas. Classification of natural gases.
The composition of natural gas includes: hydrocarbons, alkanes, cycloalkanes, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, mercury and inert gases (helium, argon). The product of industrial interest is methane (CH 4).
Classification of natural gases.
2. Hydrates and ways to deal with them.
Hydrates- these are solid compounds of hydrocarbons and H 2 O. They are formed in the presence of hydrocarbons and H 2 O, also at low temperature and high pressure.
Ways to deal with hydrates: pressure reduction (hydrates decompose at atmospheric pressure); temperature rise; exposure to inhibitors (methanol).
3. Devices for measuring gas temperature. Liquid glass thermometers, mercury thermometers. Device and principle of operation.
Thermometer- a device for measuring the temperature of a gas, the operation of which is based on the dependence of the pressure or volume of an ideal gas on temperature.
Liquid thermometers are used to measure temperatures ranging from -100 to +650 degrees Celsius: alcohol thermometers are used to measure low temperatures (up to -100 ° C); mercury is used to measure temperatures in a wide range (-38 to +500°C).
The measurement accuracy is influenced by the depth of immersion of the device in the medium. For an accurate measurement, it is necessary that the depth of the immersed thermometer be equal to the height of the mercury column.
Mercury thermometers are divided into: showing (a column of mercury corresponds to the current temperature), MAX (rises to max and remains unchanged) and contact (wiring circuit contacts are entered)
The thermometers are in the thermowell.
4. Gas hazardous work. Safety measures during gas hazardous work. Organizational and technical measures for their implementation.
Gas hazardous work includes all operations performed in a gassed environment, or work in which gas can escape, as well as work in a confined space (replacement of pumps; opening of separators; elimination of gas leaks, etc.)
Gas-hazardous work should be performed only with a work permit after a targeted briefing directly at the workplace.
Responsibility for the implementation of measures to ensure the safety of work lies with the heads of enterprises.
Apparatus, vessels, containers must be cleaned, turned off with plugs with the appropriate entries in the log.
Ticket number 5
1. Hydrocarbons: composition, types, features, phase states.
hydrocarbons(HC) - compounds of carbon with hydrogen, not containing other elements.
Hydrocarbons can also consist of: water, carbon dioxide, salt, hydrogen sulfide, helium, nitrogenous oxygen compounds, etc.
HC in natural conditions contain two types of components: impurities and main components.
They can be in 3 phase states: gaseous (natural gas); liquid (oil, gas condensate) and solid (bitumen, coal, natural gas hydrates).
2. Technological scheme of adsorbent regeneration.
Designed to restore the initial properties of the adsorbent with dry gas and includes: regeneration gas heater; desorber (adsorber); gas recovery refrigerator; regeneration gas separator.
The regeneration process consists of heating and cooling cycles. The gas drying adsorbent is heated at t 13-200°C, pressure 25-35 MPa and gas flow rate - 8100 m 3 /hour. Gas is taken from the outlet header of the shop and sent to the gas recovery compressor.
3. Manometric thermometers. Device and principle of operation.
Manometric thermometers consist of a sensitive element (a thermobolon filled with a working substance connecting capillary), a manometric tubular spring, an accessory mechanism, and a recording device.
Principle of operation: a change in temperature entails a change in the volume or internal pressure in the submersible device. The pressure deforms the measuring spring, the deflection of which is transferred to the pointer by means of a pointer mechanism.
Special features: fluctuations in the ambient temperature can be ignored, since a bimetallic element is integrated between the pointer mechanism and the measuring spring to compensate.
There are gas (filled with nitrogen) and steam (filled with liquid).
Limit of measurement from 0 to 300°С. Error 1%.
4. First aid for wounds and bleeding.
Wounds are tissue damage caused by mechanical action, accompanied by a violation of the integrity of the skin or mucous membranes. Wounds are: stab, chopped, bitten, bruised, gunshot and other wounds.
With small, superficial wounds, bleeding stops on its own or after applying a pressure bandage.
Bleeding - the outflow of blood from blood vessels in violation of the integrity of their walls. Bleeding is called external and internal. There are traumatic and non-traumatic,
In case of bleeding: the tourniquet is applied for 1.5-2 hours, if longer is required, then the tourniquet is removed for 10-15 minutes. And it is applied again a little higher or lower (it can be done several times, in winter - after 30 minutes, in summer - after 1 hour. Attach a note to the bandage with the time of applying the tourniquet).
Ticket number 6.
1. Surface equipment of wells, purpose. Mouth piping scheme.
Purpose of ground equipment:
tightness of the annular space;
regulation of gas production per unit of time (debit);
wellhead pressure and temperature control;
regulates the direction of gas flows;
casing head - designed for sealing the annular spaces, tying and fixing the casing string;
tubing head - designed for hanging and tying a flowing pipe, carrying out technological operations during the development, operation and repair of a well, sealing the annular spaces between the production pipe and tubing;
Christmas Tree (FYo) – installed on the tubing head, designed to direct well products to flow lines, regulate gas extraction through valves and angle control fittings, for various research and repair work, as well as for well shut-in.
Installed on FYo: stem valves (radical and overradical); cross; buffer valve and pressure gauge (for measuring wellhead pressure); strings (working and reserve); on the strings of the valve are reserve and working (duplicating each other); angular control fittings (by replacing the used washer with a new one with a calibrated hole); flow lines; interstring valve for string switching; plume to the torch for research work (flare line); driving line (for supplying a solution of high density during repair work); cable for GTP with thermowell and manometer.
2. Technological scheme of absorbent regeneration.
The saturated absorbent from the absorber enters a container saturated with DEG or TEG (the absorbent is separated from the gas). Next, the saturated absorbent goes to the regeneration column for regeneration, while passing through a heat exchanger, where it is heated by the regenerated absorbent. Regeneration occurs at t = 164°C (more for TEG).
3. Appointment of instrumentation in the implementation of a given technological regime for the collection and preparation of gas.
The instruments used in the field are divided into two main and one auxiliary groups:
- to measure vapors (pressure, temperature) and gas and condensate flow;
- to control the quality of gas preparation for transport;
- to determine the corrosion rate of liquid entrainment of separators and absorbers of the concentration of an introductory solution, TEG, etc.
GSP - a nationwide system of instruments - a system of unified blocks and devices. In the fields used: electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic devices, which differ in the type of energy used to generate signals.
Measuring devices consist of primary transformations (sensors) and secondary measuring devices. The advantage of electrical appliances is the ability to transmit readings over long distances. Centralization and simultaneity of changes in numerous and different in nature quantities. According to the method of reporting the measured value, instruments can be divided into indicating and recording. In automated control systems, devices with the help of special devices signal, adjust the measured parameter or turn off the corresponding section of the production line.
4. Primary fire extinguishing means: classification, application procedure.
Types of fire extinguishers:
OHP-10 - chemical foam fire extinguisher, capacity 10 l;
OP-1, 2, 5, 10, 60, 80 - foam fire extinguishers;
OU-2, 5, 10, 60, 80 - carbon dioxide fire extinguishers (it is allowed to extinguish electric drives);
KP - fire hydrants - diameter 66, 77 - with signs for connecting a fire hose (hose length 10 and 20 meters);
PG - fire hydrants - for connecting the distribution column.
The GTP has fire pumps to create pressure in the system, and the BCS has fire extinguishing foam.
OP, SD - designed to extinguish 1, 2, 3, 5, 10 smoldering materials.
OS - a siphon cylinder on wheels, quenching occurs by cooling up to 70% (cannot be taken by a bell).
Ticket number 7
1. Ways of operating wells.
Well- This is a cylindrical water working, the length of which is many times greater than its diameter. Designed to supply hydrocarbons to the surface. It is used to supply reagents in order to maintain pressure in the reservoir, to control the development of the field.
Wells are:
Raw gas from the well flows through the pipelines to the separator. In the separator, the gas is cleaned from drip moisture and impurities. After the separator, the gas enters the absorber for drying. Then the gas goes through the dry gas collector to the inter-field collector.
3. Electrocontact manometers (EKM). Purpose, device and principle of operation.
(used for signaling and pressure regulation.) Designed to measure the excess and vacuum pressure of gas, non-aggressive to materials parts in contact with the medium being measured, and to close or open electrical circuits when a predetermined pressure limit is reached
The principle of operation of the EKM: the electrocontact group of the attachment is mechanically connected to the pointer of the indicating device and, when the nominal value is exceeded, the electrical circuit is closed or opened.
4. Security measures for maintenance of production wells.
It is not allowed to conduct a well survey in case of heavy fog, thunderstorm or wind direction towards the X-mas tree from the exploration line.
The used special equipment and equipment for transporting people should be installed from the well and the plume on the windward side, no closer than 30 meters.
Washers should be changed with valves fully closed and no pressure downstream of the purge valve or line.
Ticket number 8
1. Technological modes of operation of gas wells.
MAX debit
MIN flow rate
Debit limit conditions:
2. Technological scheme of low-temperature separation (LTS) of gas and condensate.
Low-temperature separation is used when there is excess reservoir pressure for an extended period of time.
The gas after the 1st separator enters the heat exchanger, where it is cooled by the separated gas in the separator. After the heat exchanger, the gas passes through a throttle, after which it sharply reduces its temperature (3-4 ° C per 1 MPa). After the throttle, the gas enters the low-temperature separation in the heat exchanger where it is heated with raw gas. After that, the raw gas exits the heat exchanger into the inter-field header or to the GTP. The gas condensed in the main separator goes to the separator, where it is divided into methanol and condensate. The methanol from the separator goes to methanol regeneration, and the condensate is taken out in tank trucks or burned at the GPU.
P.S.: methanol is injected between the separator and the heat exchanger in order to prevent the formation of hydrate.
3. The device and principle of operation of level regulators of the UBP type.
Are intended for measurement of liquid under pressure in the closed vessels.
Serve for an automatic monitoring, control and adjustment system in order to issue information about the pneumatic output signal about the liquid level in the vessel.
Pneumatic input signal - 1.4 kgf / cm 3, output signal from 0.2 to 1 kgf / cm 3.
It is selected from 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 mm to 16 cm of liquid.
They consist of a pneumatic power converter and a measuring unit.
The operating principle is based on pneumatic force compensation.
4. Safety measures to be taken before carrying out an internal inspection or repair of pressure vessels.
Before internal inspection and hydraulic testing, the vessel must be stopped, cooled and freed from the medium that filled it, disconnected from all pipelines by a standard muffler, disconnected from all pressure vessels and other vessels. The insulation must be partially or completely removed if there are defects in the details of the vessel. Before opening the manhole, the vessel must be inertized, if necessary, steamed or cooled, and an analysis of the air environment is taken. When working inside the vessel, closed lamps (not higher than 12 Volts) that have passed the explosion test must be used. Rope ladders, rescue signals must also be explosion-proof.
Vessels with a height of more than 2 meters must be equipped with devices that provide safe access when inspecting all parts of the vessel.
Particular attention should be paid to: cracks, tears, corrosion of the vessel walls; cracks, porosity in welds.
Hydraulic testing of the vessel is carried out with a test pressure of 25% higher than the working one. The test is carried out with water at t= 5-40°C. The pressure in the test pressure should be increased smoothly, the test should be controlled by two pressure gauges of the same type, with a measurement limit of the same accuracy class and with the same division value. The exposure time of the vessels is 10 minutes (with vessel wall thickness up to 50 mm) and 20 minutes (over 50 mm).
Ticket number 9
1. Technological modes of operation of oil wells.
The technological mode of well operation is a set of indicators and conditions that provide the greatest possible well flow rate and normal operation of well equipment and production wells.
MAX debit- this is the flow rate at which the well can be operated without the danger of destruction of the bottomhole formation zone, watering, vibration, etc.
MIN flow rate- this is the flow rate at which the removal of liquid and solid particles from the bottomhole and the formation of hydrates is ensured.
Debit limit conditions:
1) geological (based on this condition, the destruction of the reservoir and the formation of water cones should be prevented);
2) technological (it is necessary to maintain such wellhead pressure, which will be sufficient to transport hydrocarbons from the well to the gas field);
3) technical (it is necessary to maintain such pressure in the underground and surface well equipment, which, on the one hand, would not lead to a rupture, and on the other hand, the wellbore would not be removed);
4) economic (based on this condition, it is necessary to ensure such a production volume at which consumer demand would be fully satisfied).
2. Operation of flooded wells.
Measures to prevent flooding of the well:
— isolation of flooded interlayers;
— redistribution of gas extraction among wells in order to slow down the movement of the gas-water contact (GWC).
3. Control of air pollution. Devices for measuring gas content.
To determine the gas contamination of the air, gas indicators are installed (designed to determine the gas content in the air) and signaling devices.
Gas indicators are:
- electrical. The action is based on determining the input effect of combustion of gas and condensate vapors on a catalytically active platinum coil. The thermal effect, which depends on the condensation of gas in the analyzed mixture, is determined by the change in the electrical resistance of the platinum filament.
- optical. Interferometer devices. The principle of operation is based on the phenomenon of interference of homogeneous light rays. Those. amplification / weakening of light waves when they are superimposed on each other.
They measure the shift of the interference spectrum that occurs when the density of the polluted air changes, which is in the path of one of the two light beams.
— calolimetric. Have no heated parts or contacts that can spark. Therefore, it can be used in a gassed room.
4. Security zone of the gas pipeline. The procedure for the production of work in the buffer zone.
To ensure normal operating conditions that exclude the possibility of damage to main gas pipelines and their facilities, a security zone is established, the size of which and the procedure for performing agricultural and other work in these zones is usually regulated by the protection of main pipelines and is 25 meters relative to the outermost gas pipeline on all sides. After the gas pipeline is put into operation, the organization must, within a month, control the drawing of the boundaries of the buffer zone on the land management maps and the actual position of the gas pipeline with the obligatory drawing up of a bilateral act. During the operation of the gas pipeline, the operating organization at least once every three years checks the correctness of drawing the gas pipeline routes on regional maps. The route of the main gas pipeline within 3 meters from the axis of the outermost pipeline in each direction between the thread must be cleared of shrubs and other vegetation and kept in fire safety. If the pipeline is laid in one thread, then the width of the security zone is 6 meters.
Ticket number 10
1. Underground well equipment. Face structures.
Complexes of underground equipment are designed for operation in conditions of: great depths; high reservoir pressure; the presence of permafrost in the section; the content of corrosive components in the gas (hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide).
Underground equipment complexes provide protection against corrosion, prevent behind-the-casing gas production and open flowing.
Consists of:
1. Direction - protects against erosion of loose rocks near the wellhead.
2. Conductor - covers and isolates fractured formations occurring in the upper part of the well section.
3. Production string - for the operation of a gas well.
4. Fountain pipe (tubing - tubing) - through it the gas moves from the reservoir to the surface (mouth).
5. Packer (sealing device).
6. Filter (designed to filter solid particles of formation rocks at the bottomhole).
7. Cement shoe (cross at the bottom, which serves to prevent subsidence of the tubing).
8. Valves - circulating (creates circulation between the internal cavity of the well pipe and the annulus), inhibitor (serves to supply the inhibitor into the internal cavity of the well pipe) and emergency killing.
Underground equipment is used to: prevent the destruction of the bottomhole formation zone; corrosion and erosion protection op. and font. pipes; preventing the formation of hydrates; preventing the thawing of permafrost; prevention of open flowing; ensuring the supply of inhibitory corrosion of hydrate formation to the bottomhole; ensuring an increase or decrease in well production; provision for research and repair work.
A well, depending on the characteristics of the productive formations, can be equipped with bottomholes: open - if the productive formation contains strong homogeneous rocks (sandstones, limestones, etc.); and closed - if the productive formation is represented by heterogeneous rocks with interlayers of clays, sands, unstable and weakly cemented sandstones.
2. Technological scheme of absorption drying of gas.
Raw gas from the well flows through the pipelines to the separator. In the separator, the gas is cleaned from drip moisture and mechanical impurities. After the separator, the gas enters the absorber for drying. Then the gas goes through the dry gas collector to the inter-field collector.
The saturated absorbent from the absorber goes for regeneration to the regeneration column, while passing through a heat exchanger, where it is heated by the regenerated absorbent. Regeneration occurs at a temperature of 164°C (for DEG). TAG more.
3. Secondary devices. Types and purpose.
Designed to measure pressure, temperature and flow.
These devices are used only in conjunction with sensors.
According to the principle of action are: mechanical, electrical and pneumatic.
According to the registration method: showing and registering (they are printed, in them the value of the measured discrete value is issued in printed form; and self-recording, the readings are continuously written on a chart tape)
4. First aid for poisoning. Types of poisoning.
In case of asphyxiation by gas: in case of gas poisoning, it is necessary to remove the victim from the gassed area, securing oneself with a filtering gas mask (PDU-3); it is convenient to lay down, unfasten clothing that restricts breathing. If you are conscious, give a sniff of ammonia, drink strong tea or coffee (milk), make sure that you do not fall asleep. When breathing stops, perform artificial respiration using the mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-nose method, in the absence of a pulse, perform an indirect heart massage with alternating inhalation of air into the lungs through a gauze napkin or handkerchief, after cleaning the mouth and pharynx with a finger, handkerchief or any suction. If poisoning has occurred with an irritating gas (chlorine, phosgene, nitric oxide, ammonia), artificial respiration cannot be done!
Ticket number 11
1. Operating modes of oil reservoirs.
The mode of operation of oil deposits is understood as the nature of the manifestation of driving forces in return, ensuring the advancement of oil in the reservoirs to the bottomholes of production wells. Knowing the operating modes is necessary for designing a rational field development system and efficient use of reservoir energy in order to maximize the extraction of oil and gas from the subsoil.
The inflow into the deposit is determined by:
1) the pressure of regional waters;
2) pressure of gas compressed in a gas cap;
3) energy of gas dissolved in oil and water;
4) elasticity of compressed rocks;
5) gravitational energy.
There are the following types of work of oil reservoirs:
Natural Modes:
1. Water mode. The main driving force is the pressure of marginal or bottom waters.
Selected from the reservoir V n, is fully compensated by formation water coming from the aquifer zone. Level d.b. above the top of the formation.
2. Elastic water-pressure mode. The main driving force is the elastic expansion of liquid and rocks with a decrease in Р pl. P pl decreases => expansion V n, rocks come out of stress and push oil out. Incomplete compensation of the extracted oil by marginal reservoir waters.
3. Gas pressure regime. The main driving force is the pressure of the gas in the gas cap and the increase in its volume. The regime manifests itself in the movement of the gas-oil contact down. Production goes from the center to the periphery. Care must be taken to ensure that the rate of capillary impregnation matches the rate of withdrawal to avoid gas breakthrough.
4. Dissolved gas mode. The main driving force is the pressure of gas released from oil with a decrease in P pl< P нас. Газ из растворенного состояния выходит в свободное и расширяясь вытесняет нефть. По мере отбора жидкости пластовое давление уменьшается, пузырьки газа увеличиваются в объеме и движутся к зонам наименьшего давления, т.е. к забоям скважин, увлекая с собой и нефть.
5. Gravity mode. The main driving force is the oil's own gravity. Under natural conditions, this regime is almost never found in its pure form, usually it is a continuation of the dissolved gas regime. There are 2 varieties:
but) pressure-gravity. typical for deposits with steep inclination angles and high permeability. Oil moves into the lower areas of the reservoir.
b) with free oil mirror. Sloping formations, degassed oil below the top of the formation, the reservoir has low reservoir properties, perforating the lower intervals of the formation. Debits are minimal but stable.
6) mixed mode- the mode of operation of the deposit, when during its operation the simultaneous action of two or several different energy sources is noticeable. Reservoir energy reserves are used to overcome viscous friction forces when moving liquids and gases through rock to well bottoms to overcome capillary and adhesive forces.
Modes of operation of oil reservoirs supported by reservoir pressure.
1) Oil displacement mode by water. When additional energy is introduced into the reservoir, the reservoir pressure and with it the withdrawal of fluid from the reservoir can be changed over a wide range.
2) Mode of displacement of carbonated oil by water. It differs from the first one in that on the part of m-th the pressure decreases below P us, which leads to the release of free gas.
3) Oil displacement mode by gas. The nature of the manifestation of the regime and its effectiveness depend on how much P pl was reduced below P us. To displace the same volume of oil, the more gas is required, the more the pressure was reduced during the preliminary depletion of the reservoir. 4) Solvent Miscible Oil Displacement Mode. Can be applied at any stage of development. The main condition: the creation of a miscible displacement, in which, when mixing mutually soluble liquids, the phase boundary and surface tension forces disappear.
5) Miscible displacement of oil by high pressure gas. Similar to 4). The main condition is the creation of such a pressure at which oil begins to dissolve in compressed gas in unlimited quantities.
Design of the adsorber A-1: the adsorber is a vertical apparatus of a cylindrical shape. A mesh cartridge is installed inside the body of the apparatus, mounted from steel racks and covered with a metal mesh. A perforated pipe runs inside the cartridge, also covered with a metal mesh. The adsorbent is loaded into the space between the pipe and the mesh of the cartridge. Granular silica gel is used as an adsorbent for drying the impulse gas. The amount of silica gel loaded into the adsorber is 200 kg. Gas enters the adsorber through the gas inlet fitting. The perforated pipe is connected to the gas outlet fitting. The adsorber has a condensate outlet fitting and a manhole cover with an air vent plug. The hatch cover of an adsorber serves for loading and unloading of an adsorbent.
The adsorber works as follows: raw impulse gas enters the lower part of the adsorber through the inlet fitting, is distributed over the diameter of the apparatus and enters the adsorbent in the cartridge through the grid. When raw gas passes through the adsorbent layer, water vapor and partially gas condensate are absorbed (adsorbed). The dried gas through the grid, holes in the pipe (windows) enters the pipe and through the outlet fitting from the adsorber is directed to the pulse gas collector. The condensate from the bottom of the adsorber is periodically removed to the sewer through the drain line through the condensate outlet fitting.
3. Technological scheme of absorption drying of gas.
4. Methanol. Security measures when working with him.
Methanol is POISON!!! Methyl alcohol - CH 2 OH. A colorless transparent liquid in smell and taste resembles wine ethyl alcohol. Boiling point = 64.7°C. When evaporating, it is explosive. Explosive limits - 5.5-36.6% by volume in a mixture with air. MPC - (maximum permissible concentration) of methanol in the air - 5 mg / m 3. Methanol acts on the nervous and vascular systems. It can enter the human body both through the respiratory tract and even through intact skin. Ingestion of methanol is especially dangerous. 5-10 grams of methanol - severe poisoning, blindness. 30 gr - death. Symptoms of poisoning: headache; dizziness; blindness; stomachache; weakness; irritation of the mucous membranes.
To prevent accidental methanol, add an odorant (1/1000l) or kerosene (1/100l) and chemical ink or other dark color dye. t ignition = 7°C, t self-ignition = 436°C.
Ticket number 12
1. Operating modes of gas and gas condensate reservoirs.
1st: Gas. Expanding gas regime. The main source of energy is the pressure created by the expanding gas. The gas recovery factor reaches 97%.
2nd: Water pressure. The elastic regime is associated with the elastic forces of water and rock. The hard regime is associated with the presence of active formation waters, which are gradually introduced into the gas deposit during the development and operation of the field. In this case, the GVK rises.
2. Operation of wells subject to hydrate formation in the wellbore.
A sign of hydrate formation in the well is a decrease in wellhead pressure and well flow rate. At t = 25°C and above, with a pressure of 50 MPa and below, the formation of hydrate in the well is excluded. One of the methods to prevent hydrate formation in wells is thermal insulation.
3. Resistance thermometers: device, principle of operation.
Resistance thermometers are: rod and bimetallic. The action is based on the use of the phenomenon of linear expansion of two bodies with different temperature coefficients. TS are divided into platinum (GSP) and copper (GSM). The sensing element is a piece of wire or tape wound around an insulating material. Under the action of t, the electrical resistance of the wound wire changes. The higher t, the lower the resistance.
4. Actions of personnel in case of gas contamination in the technological shop.
- report the incident to the head, the SG master, the dispatcher;
- notify the staff;
- to stop all types of gas hazardous fire, repair and restoration work in the shop. Using PDU-3, determine the place of gas passage;
- assess the situation;
- if necessary, stop the TN (apparatus, other lines);
- ventilate the workshop with the help of exhaust ventilation;
- prevent the formation of an explosive mixture in the air;
- if visually and aurally it is impossible to determine the place of gas passage, use the SGG-20 device.
Ticket number 13
1. HC preparation technology, ground infrastructure.
The surface infrastructure of the fields includes wellhead equipment.
Well collection system:
gas cleaning and drying equipment;
power line;
road networks and other auxiliary equipment.
Field development and infrastructure development is one of the most financially costly activities for the development and operation of the field. It is explained by the fact that during the development of the field and the choice of installed equipment, the emphasis is on the high quality of the materials being executed. And as a result, it leads to large financial costs. The reliability and durability of the installed equipment plays an important role in field development. This is due to a number of physical factors, both internal (high p, t) corrosive elements, and external (low t environment - wind, precipitation). At t=95°C and higher, pressure of 50 MPa and higher, the formation of hydrate in the well is excluded. One of the methods to prevent salt hydrate formation is the installation of thermal insulation.
2. Technological scheme of absorption drying of gas.
From wells, gas flows through pipelines to separators, in which it is cleaned of mechanical impurities and condensate moisture (water and condensate). After the separator, the gas enters the absorber for drying. From there, the gas goes to the dry gas collector into the interfield collector.
3. Requirements for pressure gauges.
Manometer Requirements:
accuracy class: 0.02; 0.05; 0.1; 0.2; 0.5; one; 1.5; 2.5; 4;
the pressure gauge is installed so that its readings are clearly visible to the maintenance personnel; pressure gauges must have an accuracy class of at least 2.5 at a working pressure of the vessel up to 25 atm. (25kgf / cm 2 = 2.5MPa);
accuracy class not lower than 1.5 at a working pressure of the vessel over 25 kgf / cm 2 (2.5 MPa);
pressure gauges and pipelines connected to them must be protected from freezing;
checking of pressure gauges with their sealing or branding should be carried out at least once every 12 months. In addition, at least once every 6 months, an additional check of the working pressure gauges is carried out with a control pressure gauge with the results recorded in the "Journal of Control Checks".
Pressure gauges are not allowed to be used if there is no seal or brand, the GOST check is expired, the arrow does not return to zero on the scale, when it is turned off, the glass is broken, or there are damages that may affect the correctness of its readings.
4. Harmful production factors. The concept of MPC of harmful substances, their characteristics.
Maximum Permissible Concentration(MPC) is the concentration of harmful substances in the air, which, during daily work throughout the entire working experience, cannot cause diseases, deviations in the state of health. According to the degree of impact on the human body, harmful substances in industry are divided into 4 hazard classes:
1st CLASS - MPC up to 0.1 mg / m 3 (extremely dangerous);
2nd CLASS - MPC from 0.1 mg / m 3 to 1 mg / m 3 (highly dangerous);
3rd CLASS - MPC from 1.1 mg / m 3 to 10 mg / m 3 (moderately dangerous);
4th CLASS - MPC more than 10 mg/m 3 (slightly dangerous).
When assigning a substance to a particular hazard class, the average lethal dose when it enters the stomach, when inhaled, etc. is also taken into account.
Ticket number 14
1. Physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbon condensates. The concept of unstable condensate.
Condensate is the hydrocarbon phase escaping from the gas when the pressure is reduced.
Start pressure of condensation is the pressure at which condensate begins to form.
Under reservoir conditions, condensate occurs in two gaseous states: gas and liquid.
Condensate in the liquid state, being in the formation, closes the pores and cracks, thus reducing the gas permeability.
Unstable condensate is a condensate containing gas in its composition.
2. Adsorbers: purpose, structure and principle of operation.
Adsorber design A-1: is a vertical device of cylindrical shape. A mesh cartridge is installed inside the body of the apparatus, mounted from steel racks and covered with a metal mesh. A perforated pipe runs inside the cartridge, also covered with a metal mesh. The adsorbent is loaded into the space between the pipe and the mesh of the cartridge.
Granular silica gel is used as an adsorbent for drying the impulse gas. The amount of silica gel loaded into the adsorber is 200 kg. Gas enters the adsorber through the gas inlet fitting. The perforated pipe is connected to the gas outlet fitting. The adsorber has a condensate outlet fitting and a manhole cover with an air vent plug. The hatch cover of an adsorber serves for loading and unloading of an adsorbent.
The adsorber works as follows: raw impulse gas enters the lower part of the adsorber through the inlet fitting, is distributed over the diameter of the apparatus and enters the adsorbent in the cartridge through the grid. When raw gas passes through the adsorbent layer, water vapor and partially gas condensate are absorbed (adsorbed). The dried gas through the grid, holes in the pipe (windows) enters the pipe and through the outlet fitting from the adsorber is directed to the pulse gas collector. The condensate from the bottom of the adsorber is periodically removed to the sewer through the drain line through the condensate outlet fitting.
3. Instrumentation installed on pressure vessels.
Pressure vessels. A pressure vessel is a hermetically sealed container or apparatus designed to conduct a technological process, as well as to store and transport liquefied and dissolved gases and liquids under pressure, if they operate above 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2). Such vessels include: air collectors, dust collectors, separators, adsorbers, absorbers, desorbers, tanks, tanks, barrels, cylinders, etc. Some vessels are registered with the GOSGORTEKHNADZOR authorities (air receivers, inert gas receivers), and the rest are registered at enterprises in the department of the chief mechanic (working in a continuous technological process).
If P atm x V (l) > 200, then the vessel is registered with Gosgortekhnadzor.
The design of vessels must be reliable, ensure safety during operation and provide for the possibility of complete emptying, cleaning, inspection and repair of vessels. Devices that prevent external and internal inspection of vessels (coils, plates, partitions, etc.) must be removable. Vessels must have fittings for filling, draining water and removing air. Each vessel must be equipped with a device that allows control of the absence of pressure in the vessel before opening it.
4.First aid for shock, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury. Dislocations and fractures.
9.1. With fractures, dislocations, sprains and other similar injuries, the victim experiences acute pain, which increases sharply when trying to change the position of the damaged part of the body.
9.2. The main point in providing first aid both with an open fracture (after stopping the bleeding and applying a sterile bandage) and with a closed one is immobilization (creation of rest) of the injured limb. This significantly reduces pain and prevents further displacement of bone fragments. For immobilization, ready-made tires are used, as well as improvised materials: a stick, a board, a ruler, a piece of plywood, etc.
9.3. With a closed fracture, clothes should not be removed from the victim - a splint should be applied over it.
9.4. It is necessary to apply “cold” to the injury site (APOLO package, snow, cold lotions, etc.) to reduce pain.
9.5. Head injury.
9.5.1. In the event of a fall, impact, skull fractures are possible (signs: bleeding from the ears and mouth, unconsciousness) or concussion (signs: headache, nausea, vomiting, loss of consciousness).
9.5.2. First aid in this case consists in the following: the victim must be laid on his back, a tight bandage (if there is a wound, sterile) should be applied to his head and “cold” should be applied, complete rest should be ensured until the doctor arrives.
9.5.3. If the victim is unconscious and vomiting. In this case, turn his head to the left side. There may also be suffocation due to retraction of the tongue. In such a situation, it is necessary to push the victim's lower jaw forward and hold it in the same position as when performing artificial respiration.
9.6. Spinal injury.
9.6.1. The first signs: a sharp pain in the spine, the inability to bend the back and turn around.
9.6.2. First aid should be as follows: carefully, without lifting the victim, slip a wide board under his back, a door removed from the hinges, or turn the victim face down and strictly ensure that when turning his body does not bend in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord. Transport also on the board or face down.
9.7. Fracture of the pelvis.
9.7.1. Signs: pain when feeling the pelvis, pain in the groin, in the sacrum, the inability to raise the straightened leg. Help is as follows: under the back of the victim, you need to slip a wide board, put him in the “frog” position, i.e. bend his knees and spread apart, and move his feet together, put a roller of clothes under his knees. You can not turn the victim on his side, plant or put on his feet (to avoid damage to internal organs).
9.8. Fracture and dislocation of the clavicle.
9.8.1. Signs: pain in the clavicle, aggravated by an attempt to move the shoulder joint, a pronounced swelling.
9.8.2. First aid: put a small ball of cotton wool in the armpit on the damaged side, bandage the arm bent at the elbow at a right angle to the body, hang the arm to the neck with a scarf or bandage. Bandage should be from a sore hand to the back.
9.9. Fracture and dislocation of limb bones.
9.9.1. Signs: pain in the bone, unnatural shape of the limb, mobility in the place where there is no joint, curvature (in the presence of a fracture with displacement of bone fragments) and swelling.
9.9.2. First aid in all cases: it is necessary to ensure complete immobility of the injured limb. You can not try to straighten the dislocation yourself, only a doctor can do this.
9.9.3. When applying a splint, it is imperative to ensure the immobility of at least two joints - one above, the other below the fracture site, and in case of a fracture of large bones - even three. The center of the tire should be at the fracture site. The splint bandage should not compress large vessels, nerves and bone protrusions. It is better to wrap the tire with a soft cloth and wrap it with a bandage. Fix the tire with a bandage, scarf, waist belt, etc. In the absence of a splint, the injured upper limb should be bandaged to the body, and the injured lower limb to the healthy limb.
9.9.4. In case of fracture and dislocation of the humerus, the splint should be applied to the arm bent at the elbow joint. In case of damage to the upper part of the humerus, the tire should capture two joints - the shoulder and elbow, in case of a fracture of its lower end - the wrist. The tire must be bandaged to the hand, the hand should be hung on a scarf or bandage to the neck.
9.9.5. In case of a fracture and dislocation of the forearm, a splint (the width of a palm) should be applied from the elbow joint to the fingertips, putting a dense lump of cotton wool, a bandage, which the victim seems to hold in his fist, into the palm of the victim. In the absence of splints, the hand can be hung on a scarf to the neck, or something soft should be placed between the hand and the body.
9.9.6. In case of fracture and dislocation of the bones of the hand and fingers, the hand should be bandaged to a wide (palm-wide) splint so that it starts from the middle of the forearm and ends at the end of the fingers. A lump of cotton wool must first be placed in the palm of the injured hand so that the fingers are slightly bent. Hang your hand on a scarf or bandage to your neck.
9.9.7. In case of a fracture or dislocation of the femur, it is necessary to strengthen the sore leg with a splint from the outside so that one end of the splint reaches the armpit and the other end reaches the heel. This achieves complete rest of the entire lower limb. Tires should be applied, if possible, without raising the leg, but holding it in place, and bandaged in several places (to the torso, thigh, lower leg), but not near and not at the site of the fracture. Push the bandage under the lower back, knee and heel with a stick. In case of fracture and dislocation of the bones, the knee and ankle joints are fixed.
10. Fractured ribs.
10.1. Signs: Pain on breathing, coughing and movement. When providing assistance, it is necessary to transport the victim on a stretcher in a semi-sitting position, which facilitates breathing.
11. Bruises.
11.1. Signs: swelling, pain when touching the site of injury. You need to apply “cold” to the site of the bruise, and then apply a tight bandage. You should not lubricate the bruised area with tincture of iodine, rub it and apply a warm compress, as this only increases the pain.
Ticket number 15
1. Fundamentals of drilling process technology. Well design.
Drilling- this is the process of mechanical destruction of rock and removal of drilled rock from the wellbore to the surface. Two drilling methods are used: rotary (using a special drive, the kelly is rotated and the drill string is connected to it) and with a downhole motor. Basically, the second method of drilling is used, because. when working with it, energy is not expended on the rotation of the drill pipe string, while the wear of pipes from friction with the walls of the well and collapse of the walls are excluded.
Underground equipment consists of: direction; conductor; production string; flow pipe (tubing pipe; filter; cement shoe; valves - circulating, inhibitor and emergency killing. Ground from the string head, tubing head, root and root valves, working and control valves located on the strings of the fountain tree, buffer valve and pressure gauge.
2. Absorbers: purpose, structure and principle of operation.
The absorber is a vertical cylindrical vessel designed for drying gas. The absorber consists of three technological zones: gas inlet zone; oil exchange zone (consists of a blind plate and 12 contact plates. The distance between the plates is 600 mm. The number of caps on each plate is 66 pieces); final gas purification zone (located at the outlet of the apparatus; includes a plate with filter cartridges designed to coagulate and trap DEG carried away by the gas flow. The number of filter cartridges on the plate is 66 pieces, height = 1000 mm; mesh fender, 150 thick mm, designed to capture DEG and dried gas). The absorber works as follows: raw gas enters the absorber through the inlet fitting, then the gas enters the mass transfer section through the socket of the blind plate. The gas bubbles through slots in the caps of the contact trays through a layer of regenerated DEG (RDEG) on the trays, set by the height of the overflow bar. RDEG is fed to the upper plate and, flowing down the plates, absorbs moisture from the gas. The gas, having passed through the mass transfer trays, enters the tray with coagulating filter cartridges, where coagulation and trapping of DEG carried away by the gas flow takes place. The final separation of DEG is carried out in a mesh baffle, after which the dried gas is removed from the apparatus through the gas outlet fitting. Moisture-saturated DEG (NDEG) flows onto a blind plate, from where it is automatically discharged through the NDEG outlet fitting as the level accumulates into the saturated DEG vent. Dehydrated to the dew point (-20°C in winter; -10°C in summer), the gas from the absorber is sent to a filter to capture the DEG.
3. Arrangement of Christmas trees.
fountain fixture serves to seal the wellhead, direct the movement of the gas-liquid mixture into the flow line, regulate and control the well operation mode by creating back pressure at the bottomhole. The fountain fittings consist of a pipe head and a Christmas tree.
Pipe head consists of: cross, tee, drive coil.
fountain tree consists of: tees, a drainage valve, a buffer valve, valves on flow lines to transfer well operation to one of them.
buffer valve serves for overlapping and installation of a lubricator.
4. Basic life support activities.
General principles of resuscitation
Termination of exposure to the injured traumatic factor.
Restoration and maintenance of airway patency.
With external bleeding - stop it.
Anesthesia.
Immobility of injured limbs.
Protective bandage for the wound.
Maintaining the function of breathing and cardiac activity (if necessary - conducting cardiopulmonary resuscitation).
Careful transportation to a specialized medical institution.
Ticket number 16
1. Features of well operation during hydrate formation.
A sign of hydrate formation in the well is a decrease in wellhead pressure and well flow rate. At t = 25°C and above, with a pressure of 50 MPa and below, the formation of hydrate in the well is excluded. One of the methods to prevent hydrate formation in wells is thermal insulation.
2. Physical and chemical properties of natural gas. Classification of natural gases.
The composition of natural gas includes: hydrocarbons, alkanes, cycloalkanes, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, mercury and inert gases (helium, argon). A product of industrial interest is methane (CH 4).
Dry gas contains 96% methane, wet gas 95%.
Classification of natural gases.
1) gas produced from purely gas fields (consists of dry gas; practically free from heavy hydrocarbons);
2) gas produced together with oil (a mixture of dry gas with heavy and natural gasoline);
3) gas produced from gas condensate fields (dry gas and liquid condensate).
3. Absorbers: purpose, structure and principle of operation.
is a vertical cylindrical vessel designed for drying gas. The absorber consists of three technological zones: gas inlet zone; oil exchange zone (consists of a blind plate and 12 contact plates. The distance between the plates is 600 mm. The number of caps on each plate is 66 pieces); final gas purification zone (located at the outlet of the apparatus; includes a plate with filter cartridges designed to coagulate and trap DEG carried away by the gas flow. The number of filter cartridges on the plate is 66 pieces, height = 1000 mm; mesh fender, 150 thick mm, designed to capture DEG and dried gas).
The absorber works as follows: raw gas enters the absorber through the inlet fitting, then the gas enters the mass transfer section through the socket of the blind plate. The gas bubbles through slots in the caps of the contact trays through a layer of regenerated DEG (RDEG) on the trays, set by the height of the overflow bar. RDEG is fed to the upper plate and, flowing down the plates, absorbs moisture from the gas. The gas, having passed through the mass transfer trays, enters the tray with coagulating filter cartridges, where coagulation and trapping of DEG carried away by the gas flow takes place. The final separation of DEG is carried out in a mesh baffle, after which the dried gas is removed from the apparatus through the gas outlet fitting. Moisture-saturated DEG (NDEG) flows onto a blind plate, from where it is automatically discharged through the NDEG outlet fitting as the level accumulates into the saturated DEG vent. Dehydrated to the dew point (-20°C in winter; -10°C in summer), the gas from the absorber is sent to a filter to capture the DEG.
4. TEG and safety measures when working with it.
TEG It is a colorless, odorless syrupy liquid. Unlike methanol, it is not volatile. Protoplasmic poison acts on the central nervous system.
The latent period of poisoning is 2-13 hours. Symptoms of poisoning: headache, dizziness, intoxication, back pain, nausea, weakness.
Explosive limit 62–68.
NKPR - the concentration limit of vapor flame propagation is 0.9–22.7%.
Ignition at 173.9–293°С, self-ignition at 379.5°С, according to DC - 10 mg/m 3 . First aid - fresh air, humidified oxygen, in case of contact with skin, wash with soap and water.
When swallowed, an immediate abundance of water from 8 to 10 liters.
Gastric lavage with warm water or 2% soda solution, strong tea, drink ethyl alcohol 30%, 30 ml in 3 hours.
Ticket number 17
1. Peculiarities of well operation during sand intrusions.
Peculiarities of well operation during sand manifestations.
Sand production is manifested in wells that have opened loose and equally cemented rocks. Filters are installed in such wells, as well as in loose and poorly cemented rocks. Special bonding solutions can be used to prevent destruction of the bottomhole formation zone. In addition, such a technological mode of operation of the well is chosen, which, on the one hand, ensures the removal of solid particles of the bottomhole, and, on the other hand, would not lead to the destruction of the bottomhole zone.
2. Construction of gas wells. Well bottom design.
Well design.
Underground equipment consists of: direction; conductor; production string; fountain pipe (tubing - tubing; filter; cement shoe; valves - circulating, inhibitor and emergency killing.
Ground from a string head, a pipe head, a root and root valve, a working and control valve located on the strings of a Christmas tree, a buffer valve and a pressure gauge.
Well bottom design.
– An open-hole well (perfect in terms of the degree and nature of the opening).
The bottomhole is in an open state, and the reservoir is opened to the full depth.
- Imperfect by the nature of the autopsy.
The slaughter remains open. The opening of the formation did not occur to the full length.
- Imperfect in the nature of the opening.
The reservoir is opened to its entire depth, and the flow of hydrocarbons into the well is carried out through the perforation hole.
3. Description of the reflex - process in the DEG regeneration unit.
Reflex are water vapors evaporated from the NDEG after gas drying. The reflex collector is a horizontal container equipped with a manhole designed for inspection and revision of the apparatus, and reflux inlet and outlet fittings, etc. The level of the mixture of water and gas condensate in R-1 is maintained automatically using a level control valve installed on the reflux pumping line in the industrial. sewerage.
4. First aid for burns and frostbite.
First honey. help with thermal burns.
Burn grades:
I degree: redness of the skin, swelling, pain (the mildest degree of burn);
II degree: intense redness and formation of blisters filled with a clear liquid, sharp severe pain. Recovery in 10-15 days;
III degree: necrosis (necrosis) of all layers of the skin, a dense scab is formed, under which there are damaged tissues. Healing is slow;
IV degree: charring. Occurs when exposed to high T ° (voltage arc flame, molten metal). This is the most severe degree of burn, in which the skin, muscles, tendons, and bones are damaged. Healing is slow.
First aid: stop the impact of high t on the victim; put out burning clothes; take off very hot (smoldering) clothes; extinguish burning clothes with water, wrapping the victim in a dense cloth, then remove it from the body. It is not recommended to remove all clothing in order to avoid the impact of injuries on the body and the development of shock. Close the burn surface with an antiseptic bandage; it is forbidden to wash the burn area, pierce blisters, tear off adhering parts of clothing, lubricate the surface with fats (Vaseline, animal or vegetable oil) and sprinkle with powders. With extensive burns of II, III, IV degrees, the victim should be wrapped in a clean, ironed sheet, drugs (morphine, paramedol) should be administered to relieve pain, hot tea, coffee should be given and hospitalized. Transport in the supine position on an undamaged part of the body.
For chemical burns: From exposure of the body to acids or alkalis. Rinse immediately, wash the area for 20 minutes with cold water and soap. If the burn is with an acid, then use a 3% solution of baking soda, and if with an alkali, then use a 2% solution of vinegar.
First aid for frostbite.
The first signs of frostbite: loss of sensation, and then severe pain, the skin becomes pale and waxy or purple-purple, hard to the touch.
There are 4 degrees of frostbite according to depth and severity:
I degree: circulatory disorders, inflammation (swelling, redness, pain);
II degree: necrosis of the superficial layers of the skin, blisters filled with a clear or white liquid, gradual rejection of the damaged layers of the skin;
III degree: circulatory disorders (vascular thrombosis), necrosis of all layers of the skin and soft tissues at different depths. The tissues are completely insensitive, but suffer from excruciating pains;
IV degree: necrosis of all layers of tissues, including bones. The skin is quickly covered with blisters filled with black fluid.
Help: it is impossible to warm a frostbitten place, rub it with snow, rub and massage if blisters and swelling of frostbitten areas appear, and also lubricate with fats, creams, ointments. They create a resting condition for the frostbitten part of the body.
From improvised means (cardboard, plywood, plank, etc.), covered with a padded jacket or blanket to create the “thermos” effect, since very slow external heating is required. Patients are given hot coffee, tea, milk, possibly a limited amount of alcohol. Give 1-2 tablets of analgin, papaverine, no-shpy, aspirin, a small amount of food. Delivery to a medical institution.
Ticket number 1
Question #1 What action should be taken if vapors of flammable liquids or gases are detected in a confined space? (Federal norms and rules in the field of industrial safety “Safety rules in the oil and gas industry” p. 833)
a Continue work with simultaneous notification of the work manager
b Work must be stopped immediately.
c Perform an additional action by opening hatches on opposite sides
d Ventilate the enclosed space with a mechanical forced ventilation system
b
Question #2 What should be the first aid for gas poisoning? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
and provide first aid on the spot and wait for the arrival of rescuers
b provide first aid on the spot and then remove or remove the victim from the gassed area
call rescuers and wait at the place of their arrival
d remove or remove the victim from the gassed area and then provide assistance
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #3 In accordance with the qualification requirements of production instructions and / or instructions for this profession, a knowledge test of workers should be carried out at least:
b At least once every twelve months
at Once every eighteen months
g Every quarter
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #4 Which employees undergo mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations (Labor Code of the Russian Federation Article 213)?
a Workers engaged in hard work.
b Workers employed in work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions
d All answers are correct
: G
Question #5 At what height should workplaces be equipped with fences? (GOST 12.4.059)
a Above 1 m
b Above 1.3 m
a Above 1.5 m
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #6 What fences are installed at the boundaries of zones of potentially hazardous production factors (clause 4.10 of SNiP 12-03-2001)?
a Signal fences
b Signal fences and safety signs
in Safety and protective
g Security-protective
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #7 Responsible for compliance with the requirements of industrial and fire safety in the area of responsibility of UTOiRPT is: (Federal norms and rules in the field of industrial safety “Safety rules in the oil and gas industry”, paragraph 677)
and deputy director of UNP
b UNP employee appointed by order
to the head of the section - the head of the structural unit of the UNP
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #8 What training on labor protection do employees undergo when performing; one-time work, during the elimination of accidents and work for which an order is issued - admission? (Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia and the Ministry of Education of Russia dated January 13, 2003 No. 1/29, clause 2.1.7)
a Primary
b Introductory
in Repeat
g Target
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #9 Petroleum products required for washing parts of process equipment must contain:
and in sealed containers. Storage of petroleum products in glass vessels is prohibited.
b in sealed glass containers. Storage of petroleum products in plastic containers is prohibited.
in sealed plastic or glass containers.
Specify the number of the correct answer:
but
Question #10 How is first aid provided for an injury? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997. Appendix No. 16.)
and you need to help with cleanly washed hands with soap or, if this cannot be done, you should lubricate your fingers with iodine tincture
b remove blood clots, foreign bodies from the wound with a cloth
to wash the wound with water
g of cotton is applied directly to the wound
Specify the number of the correct answer:
but
Ticket number 2
Question #1 Knowledge of the action plan for the localization and elimination of accidents is checked? (Regulations on UTOiRPT BPO)
a During the initial briefing at the workplace
b When conducting training sessions with the site personnel according to the approved schedule
c At advanced training courses in accordance with the approved curriculum
d During the next briefing
e Upon arrival at the watch on the day of arrival
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #2 How is work carried out to replace the gasket in the flanged connection of the oil pipeline? (list of gas-hazardous works of UTOiRPT)
a By oral order of the head of the section
b Carried out without paperwork at any time
The work order is issued - admission to the production of work
d Carried out with registration in the log of gas hazardous work carried out without a work permit
e By oral order of the head of the section in the presence of the master
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #3 Should the patrol unit inspect the visible part of the grounding devices?: (List of equipment inspected on the route of the UTOiRPT patrol unit)
a At least once every six months
b At least once a month
c During seasonal maintenance
d Together with the inspection of process equipment according to the schedule of inspections
e Once a year together with electrical personnel
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #4 What size pressure test pipelines for strength? (PB 08-624-03 General provisions and requirements)
and 1.75 from the worker
b Equal to working pressure
1.5 from the working
g 1.25 from the worker
d 0.75 from the worker
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #5 Are employees allowed to perform work for which additional requirements for labor safety are imposed before they receive training in safe working methods and techniques? (clause 4.12. SNIP 12-03-2001)
a Allowed under the guidance of an experienced worker-mentor
b Allowed according to the order of the administration
c Not allowed
d Allowed under conditions a) and b)
e Allowed under the supervision of a foreman or head of the site
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #6What should be the size of the side of the gland packing to be used? (Regulation manual for valve operation)
a 50% of the stuffing box width for double stacking
b Equal to the width of the stuffing box of the valve
at 75% of the stuffing box width
g 110% of stuffing box width
d 90% of the stuffing box width
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #7 Who conducts unscheduled and targeted briefings on labor protection? (clauses 2.1.2.. 2.1.3. Decree 1-29.)
a Occupational safety specialist or an employee who, by order of the Company, is entrusted with labor protection duties
b Employee appointed by order of the Company
c The immediate supervisor of the work, who has undergone training in labor protection in accordance with the established procedure and tested knowledge of labor protection requirements
d The immediate supervisor of the work, who has undergone training in labor protection in the prescribed manner and tested knowledge of labor protection requirements in the presence of an employee in labor protection
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #8 First aid for bites of poisonous insects and snakes? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
a Open the wound with a sharp object and insert cotton wool soaked in alcohol
b Pour the wound abundantly with a solution of iodine tincture
c Cauterize the bite site with fire
d Lay the victim in a horizontal position, apply a sterile dressing to the wound (preferably with ice)
e Apply heat to the wound
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #9What means should be provided to employees of hazardous production facilities? (Art. 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation)
a Personal protective equipment
b Certified personal protective equipment, flushing and neutralizing agents
in an individual medical kit
d Individual first-aid kit and lubricating and neutralizing agents
e Personal protective equipment and an individual first-aid kit
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #10 What kind of work is considered to be work at height? (POT R M 012-2000 p.1.1.)
a Less than 2 m from unprotected drops in height of 1.3 m or more, if it is impossible to install fences, work must be carried out using a safety belt and a safety rope
b Less than 2 m from unprotected differences in height of 1.5 m or more, if it is impossible to install fences, work must be carried out using a safety belt and a safety rope
c Less than 3 m from unprotected drops in height of 1.5 m or more, if it is impossible to install fences, work must be carried out using a safety belt and a safety rope
d Less than 3 m from unprotected drops in height of 1.0 m or more, if it is impossible to install fences, work must be carried out using a safety belt and a safety rope
e Less than 2 m from unprotected differences in height of 2 m or more, if it is impossible to install fences, work must be carried out using a safety belt and a safety rope
Specify the number of the correct answer:
but
Ticket number 3
Question #1
d All answers are correct.
Specify the number of the correct answer:
d
Question #2 How should people be notified of a fire? (123-FZ article 84)
a By supplying sound and light signals to all rooms of the building with permanent or temporary stay of people
b By broadcasting specially designed texts about the need for evacuation and evacuation routes
c By switching on the evacuation (emergency) lighting
d Any of the above methods or a combination of them
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #3What means belong to personal protective equipment against falls from a height?: (clause 4. POT R M 012-2000)
a Safety belts
b Safety ropes
in Safety semi-automatic climbing devices type PVU-2
Construction helmets
e Safety gear with vertical rope or other devices
e That's right
Specify the number of the correct answer:
e
Question #4 How are the conditions for the formation of a combustible environment excluded? (123-FZ article 49)
a The use of non-combustible substances and materials
b Using the safest ways of placing combustible substances and materials, as well as materials whose interaction with each other leads to the formation of a combustible environment
c Maintaining a safe concentration in the environment of the oxidant and (or) combustible substances or lowering the concentration of the oxidizer in the combustible environment in the protected volume
d Installation of fire-hazardous equipment in separate rooms or outdoor areas
e Any of the above methods or their combination allows you to exclude the conditions for the formation of a combustible environment
Specify the number of the correct answer:
d
Question #5 Under what conditions is it prohibited to carry material on a stretcher? (clause 8.1.8. SNIP 12-03-2001)
a Overload
b Ladders and ladders
in Carrying is not limited
g On decking
e On decks with a slope of more than 15 percent
e Bulk cargo piled with a slide
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #6 What should be done when performing work at height in terms of ensuring safety in the presence of electrical networks and other engineering systems in the work area? (clause 6.2.42 POT R M 012-2000)
a Must be disabled
b Must be shorted
c Equipment and pipelines are exempt from explosive, combustible and harmful substances
d True 1 and 2
d Correct 2 and 3
e all true
Specify the number of the correct answer:
e
Question #7
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #8 If liquid or acid vapor gets into the eyes or mouth? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
a Wash the affected areas with plenty of water and then with a solution of boric acid (1/2 teaspoon per glass of water)
b Make lotions (bandage) with a solution of boric acid (1/2 teaspoon per glass of water) or with a weak solution of acetic acid (1 teaspoon of table vinegar per glass of water)
c Make a lotion (bandage) with a solution of baking soda (1 teaspoon of soda in a glass of water)
g Rinse with plenty of water and then with a solution of baking soda (1/2 teaspoon per glass of water)
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #9 First aid for fainting, heat and sunstroke? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
a Place the casualty in a shady place
b Lay the victim on his back, lower his head, raise his legs
c Cover the victim with a blanket, clothing, etc.
d Give 1.5 liters to drink. cold water
e Pat your cheeks for 1 minute.
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #10 What distance should be from the place of production of electric welding and gas flame works to explosive materials and equipment (gas cylinders, gas generators)? (clause 9.1.3. SNiP 12-03-2001)
a Not less than 5 m.
b Not less than 7 m.
at least 10 m.
d At least 12 m.
e Not less than 15 m.
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Ticket number 4
Question #1 Every worker has the right to (Labor Code of the Russian Federation Article 219)
a Workplace that meets labor protection requirements
b Compulsory social insurance against industrial accidents
Refusal to perform work in case of danger to his life
d Provision of personal and collective protective equipment at the expense of the employer
d All answers are correct.
Specify the number of the correct answer:
d
Question #2 With what number of people who are on the floors of buildings and structures at a time, plans for the evacuation of people should be posted in prominent places? (PPB 01-03 p.16)
a More than 5 people
b More than 10 people.
in More than 15 people.
d More than 20 people.
e More than 40 people
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #3 Before working with hand-held electric machines should be checked?: (Power tool operation manual)
a Tightening of screws securing components and parts, serviceability of the gearbox by turning the spindle by hand, condition of wires and hoses, integrity of insulation, absence of kinks in the cores, serviceability of grounding
b Tightening screws, fastening components and parts, serviceability of the gearbox by turning the spindle by hand, condition of brushes and collector, condition of wires and hoses, integrity of insulation, absence of kinks in the cores, serviceability of grounding
The serviceability of the gearbox by turning the spindle by hand, the condition of the brushes and the collector, the condition of the wire and hoses, the integrity of the insulation, the absence of kinks in the cores, the serviceability of the grounding
d Serviceability of the gearbox by turning the spindle by hand, the condition of the brushes and the collector, the condition of the wire and hoses, the integrity of the insulation, the absence of kinks in the cores,
e Tightening screws, fastening components and parts, serviceability of the gearbox by turning the spindle by hand, condition of the brushes and collector, integrity of the insulation, no breaks in the cores, serviceability of grounding
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #4 After what type of work is the pipeline tested for strength and tightness? RD 39 -132-94 p. 6)
a After installing the waterproofing
b After installation of thermal insulation
c After backfilling the trench
d After welding installation or repair work
e After launching the pumped liquid into the pipeline
e All of the above are correct.
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #5
a Trademark of the manufacturer
b An arrow indicating the direction of fluid flow
in Nominal diameter
g Nominal pressure
d All of the above
Specify the number of the correct answer:
d
Question #6Without which element is it not allowed to use a construction helmet? (GOST 12.4.087-84 p.2.2.)
a Without wool balaclava
b Without balaclava
in Without chin strap
g With a visor width of not more than 60 mm
d Without ventilation holes
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #7 What types of safety briefings are conducted in organizations? (GOST 12.004-9 item 7)
a Primary briefing at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled, targeted briefings
b Introductory briefing on labor protection, repeated, unscheduled briefings at the workplace
c Introductory briefing on labor protection, primary briefing at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled, targeted briefings
d Introductory briefing on labor protection, primary briefing at the workplace, unscheduled, targeted briefings
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #8 First aid for an electric shock victim? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
a Release the victim from the action of electric current, observing the necessary precautions and safety
b Within 10 minutes, assess the general condition of the victim (determination of consciousness, color of skin and mucous membranes, breathing)
Administer artificial respiration if the victim vomits
d First, we carry out resuscitation (revitalizing) measures without assessing the condition of the victim
e Determine the presence of a pulse and the reaction of the pupils
Specify the number of the correct answer:
but
Question #9 First aid for general hypothermia and frostbite? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
d Drink some alcohol
Specify the number of the correct answer
: in
Question #10 What are the dimensions of the boundaries of hazardous areas near moving parts of machinery and equipment, if there are no other increased requirements in the passport or manufacturer's instructions? The boundaries of hazardous areas are set within? (p. 7.2.9. SNiP 12-03-2001)
a 2.5 m
b 4.0 m
at 5.0 m
g 7.5 m
d 10.0 m
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Ticket number 5
Question #1 What responsibilities in the field of labor protection are assigned to the employee? (Labor Code of the Russian Federation Article 214)
a Comply with the requirements of labor protection, correctly use personal and collective protective equipment
b Immediately notify your immediate or superior manager of any situation threatening the life and health of people, of each industrial accident, of a deterioration in your health, including signs of an occupational disease (poisoning)
to undergo mandatory medical examinations
d To undergo training in safe methods and techniques for performing work, providing first aid in case of accidents at work, briefing on labor protection, and internships at the workplace, testing knowledge of labor protection requirements
d All answers are correct.
Specify the number of the correct answer:
d
Question #2 Which of the following is a fire hazard? (123-FZ article 9)
a Elevated ambient temperature, flames and spawns, heat flow
b Decreased visibility in smoke and reduced oxygen concentration
c Increased concentration of toxic combustion products and thermal decomposition
d All of the listed fire factors are dangerous
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #3 Workers allowed to work with hand-held electrified tools must have an electrical safety group?: (Power tool operation manual)
and group I
b II group
to group III
d IV group
d V group
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #4 What size pressure test pipelines for strength? (PB 08-624-03 General provisions)
and 1.75 from the worker
b Equal to working pressure
1.5 from the working
g 1.25 from the worker
d 0.75 from the worker
e All of the above
Specify the number of the correct answer:
e
Question #5 What categories, depending on the nature of the application, are the protective equipment for workers? (GOST 12.4.011-89 “Means of protection for workers)
a Fall arrest equipment
b Means of protection against electric shock
in Individual and collective protective equipment
d Face protection
e Eye protection
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #6 The complex of equipment for cleaning the cavity of the pipeline should provide? (RD 39-132-94)
a Starting and receiving cleaning devices
b Control over the passage of OS through pipeline sections
c Collection and disposal of pollutants carried out
d All of the above
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #7 When laying pipelines in the corridor closer to the road, is it laid in order? (RD 39-132-94)
a Gas pipelines, water pipelines, oil pipelines
b Oil pipelines, gas pipelines, water pipelines
in Water pipelines, oil pipelines, gas pipelines
d Water pipelines, gas pipelines, oil pipelines
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #8 If splashes or fumes of alkali get into the eyes or mouth? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
a Rinse them with plenty of water and then with a solution of baking soda (1/2 teaspoon per glass of water)
b Wash the affected areas with plenty of water and then with a solution of boric acid (1/2 teaspoon per glass of water)
c Make lotions (bandage) with a solution of boric acid (1 teaspoon of soda per glass of water) or with a weak solution of acetic acid (1 teaspoon of table vinegar per glass of water)
g Make lotions (bandage) with a solution of baking soda (1 teaspoon of soda per glass of water)
d Wash affected areas with water.
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #9 First aid for injuries? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
a Apply a warm heating pad to the injury site.
b Independently compare the bone fragments
in self-adjust dislocation
d Apply “cold” to the injury site (rubber ice pack, cold water heater, cold packs, etc.)
Do not take any action until the ambulance arrives.
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #10 Coupling steel fittings can be used for all media with a diameter of no more than? (RD 39-132-94 stop valves)
a 32 mm
b 40 mm
in 50 mm
g 76 mm
d 100 mm
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Ticket number 6
Question #1 Which employees undergo mandatory and periodic medical examinations? (Labor Code of the Russian Federation Article 213)
a Workers engaged in hard work
b Workers employed in work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions
c Workers employed in traffic-related jobs
d All listed employees
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #2
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #3 If the value of the passage pressure at a particular point is less than that established by the regulations, is this a consequence?: (RD 39-132-94)
a Switchovers performed
b Leakage upstream of the measuring point
c Loss of tightness after measuring point
d All of the above
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #4
a From the boiling
b From a semi-calm
in From automatic
d Of all the above
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #5 For lifting pipes on the route with external insulation should be used? (RD 39-132-94)
a Ring slings
b Pincer grips
in Soft towels
d Multi-line end clamps
d Slings choke
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #6 How long is an internship in the workplace? (And according to FROM linear pipeliner)
a Set by the employer
b At least 2 weeks
a Generally accepted at least 3 weeks
d Installed by the employer but not less than 2 weeks
d For the entire period of the watch
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #7 In what environment can MBS rubber plates be used? (RD 39-132-94)
a Oils, petroleum oils
b Liquid hydrocarbons, gasoline
to Gases and steam
d All of the above
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #8 Keeping a tourniquet during bleeding is not allowed anymore? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
and 1.5 - 2.0 hours with the obligatory removal of the tourniquet for 10-15 minutes.
b 2.5 - 3.0 hours with the obligatory removal of the tourniquet for 10 minutes.
at 3.5 - 4.0 hours with the obligatory removal of the tourniquet for 5 minutes.
g 0.5 - 1.0 hour with the obligatory removal of the tourniquet for 10-15 minutes
Specify the number of the correct answer:
but
Question #9 Is it allowed for burns? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
a Apply a sterile dressing to the burnt areas, in case of extensive burns, cover the burn surface with clean gauze or an ironed sheet
b Lubricate with ointments or sprinkle powders on burned areas of the skin and mucous surfaces
in bursting bubbles
d Remove various substances adhering to the place (mastic, resins, etc.)
Specify the number of the correct answer:
but
Question #10 At what value is an electric current considered fatal to a person? (PUE, PUEP)
a 0.01 A
b 0.05 A
at 0.1 A
g 0.15 A
d 0.25 A
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Ticket number 7
Question #1 What are the restrictions on admission to work on a rotational basis? (Labor Code of the Russian Federation Article 298)
a Women under the age of 18, pregnant women and women with children under the age of three cannot be recruited.
b Employees under the age of 18, pregnant women and women with children under the age of three, as well as persons who have contraindications to work on a rotational basis in accordance with a medical report, cannot be involved
c Employees under the age of sixteen, women with children under the age of three, as well as persons who have contraindications to work on a rotational basis in accordance with a medical report cannot be involved
d Employees under the age of twenty, women with children under the age of three, as well as persons who have contraindications to work on a rotational basis in accordance with a medical report cannot be involved.
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #2 At what mass stay of people, in addition to the evacuation plan, should an instruction be developed that determines the actions of personnel to ensure the safe and rapid evacuation of people? (PPB 01-03 p.16)
a More than 50 people
b More than 100 people.
in More than 150 people.
g More than 200 people.
e More than 400 people
Specify the number of the correct answer:
but
Question #3 At what conditional passage of pipelines is it recommended to use valves?: (RD 39-132-94)
a Less than 32 mm.
b Less than 40 mm.
a Less than 50 mm.
d Less than 76 mm.
e Less than 100 mm.
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #4What applies to minor repairs of fittings at the place of its installation? (RD 39-132-94)
a Changing gaskets
b Repacking glands
in Replacing the studs
d Replacement of handwheels
e A, C and D
e All of the above are correct.
Specify the number of the correct answer:
e
Question #5 Is welding of corrosion damage allowed on pipelines pumping under pressure? (RD 39-132-94)
a Crude crude oil
b Commercial oil
to Associated petroleum gas
g Gas condensate
e Light oil products
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #6 How is it forbidden to thaw frozen pipelines and frozen fittings? (PB 39-132-94)
a hot water
b Special heating cable
in open fire
ferry
d hot sand
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #7When disassembling and repairing shut-off valves for flushing should be used? (RD 39-132-94)
a Kerosene
b Technical alcohol
in Low-octane gasoline
g Solvent
Specify the number of the correct answer:
but
Question #8 For second degree burns? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
a Formation of scabs on the skin
b Redness and swelling of the skin
b Blisters form on the skin
d Carbonization of skin tissues occurs, damage to muscles, tendons and bones
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #9 When a foreign body enters the windpipe, is it necessary? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
a Induce the victim to vomit
b Apply to the victim 3-5 short strokes with a brush in the interscapular region in a standing position
c Grab the victim from behind, clasping the hands between the xiphoid process of the sternum and the navel, and make 3-5 quick pressures on the victim's stomach
d Give a glass of water to drink
d Give 0.5 liters of warm water to drink
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #10 What is the minimum flow rate at which a cleaning device can be passed? (RD 39-132-94)
a Not less than 0.25 m/s
b Not less than 0.3 m/s
c Not less than 0.35 m/s
g Not less than 0.4 m/s
d Not less than 0.5 m/s
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Ticket number 8
Question #1 Is the employer obliged to inform employees about the compensations due to them for work with harmful working conditions? (Labor Code of the Russian Federation Article 212)
a No
b Yes
Mandatory if the employee is under the age of 18
d Mandatory if the employee is under the age of 21
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #2 How many people can stay in a room with one emergency exit at the same time? (PPB -01-03 p.42.)
a No more than 15 people.
b No more than 25 people.
in No more than 50 people
d No more than 75 people
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #3 What measures are included in the project for the production of works to ensure protection against electric shock?: (clause 1.29. POT R M 012-2000)
a Instructions for choosing routes and determining the voltage of temporary power and lighting networks, fencing current-carrying parts and location in water distribution systems and devices
b Instructions for grounding metal parts of electrical equipment and the design of grounding devices
Additional protective measures in the performance of work with increased danger and especially dangerous work
g That's right
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #4 What should be stamped on each plug? (RD 39-132-94)
a No., subdivision code, steel grade, medium to be covered
b No., steel grade, Ru, blocked medium
in No., subdivision code, overlapped environment
g No., steel grade, Ru, Du
d No, Ru, Du
e No., subdivision code
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #5 Frequency of testing safety belts and halyards? (GOST 12.4.011-89 “Means of protection for workers)
a At least 2 times a year
b At least once a year
c At least once every 2 years
d At least once a quarter
Specify the number of the correct answer:
but
Question #6 The total thickness of the paintwork for above-ground laying of pipeline sections? (RD 39-132-94)
a Not less than 0.2 mm
b Not less than 0.3 mm
c Not less than 0.4 mm
g Not less than 0.45 mm
Specify the number of the correct answer:
but
Question #7 Is it allowed to use power cutters when working in wells, carpets, trenches, etc.? (clause 9.2.11. SNiP 12-03-2001)
a Allowed no more than 5 minutes with exhaust ventilation
b Allowed in the presence of exhaust ventilation
a Allowed no more than 10 min.
d Not allowed
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #8 Signs of venous bleeding? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
and the blood oozes in tiny droplets
b Blood is dark red in color, flows out in an even stream
in Scarlet blood. It is thrown upwards by a pulsating jet (fountain)
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #9 For convulsive seizures, the first aid provider should? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
a Apply a heating pad to the forehead
b Support the patient's head
c Clamp the patient's mouth and nose
d Despite the convulsive seizure, carry out transportation to the medical center
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #10 Why are culverts built in protected areas? (RD 39-132-9, VSN 014-89)
a To prevent flooding
b To prevent waterlogging of the terrain
c To prevent the development of thermokarst
d A and B
d All of the above
Specify the number of the correct answer:
d
Ticket number 9
Question #1 During the performance of what kind of work do employees receive certified special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment free of charge? (Labor Code of the Russian Federation Article 219)
a Work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions
b Work performed in special temperature conditions
c Oil and oil pollution jobs
d Work performed under a issued work permit
d All answers are correct.
Specify the number of the correct answer:
d
Question #2 What is the frequency of practical training on the evacuation of people in case of fire established by the Fire Safety Rules? (PPB 01-03 p.16)
a At least once every three months
b At least once every six months
c At least once every nine months
d At least once a year
e At least once every 15 months
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #3 What should be used when working from a ladder at a height of more than 1.3 m?: (POT R M 012-2000 p. 2.3.7.)
a It is necessary to use a safety belt attached to the structure of a structure or a ladder, provided that it is fixed to a building or other structure.
b It is necessary to use a rescue belt attached to the structure of the structure or a ladder, provided that it is fixed to the building or other structure
c It is necessary to use a rescue rope attached to the structure of a structure or a ladder, provided that it is attached to a building or other structure
d It is necessary to use a safety belt attached to the ladder
Specify the number of the correct answer:
but
Question #4 Where should the places of temporary or permanent residence of people be located? Must be located outside hazardous areas, including? (clause 4.9.10 of SNiP 12-03-2001)
a Zones of permanent hazardous production factors
b Zones of potentially hazardous production factors
in the Dangerous Zones mentioned in p.p. 1 and 2
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #5 What marking does the stop valve have? (GOST 4666-75)
a Trademark of the manufacturer and an arrow indicating the direction of fluid flow
b An arrow indicating the direction of fluid flow and nominal diameter
in Nominal diameter and nominal pressure
d Nominal pressure and an arrow indicating the direction of fluid flow
e All listed in p.p. A and B
Specify the number of the correct answer
:d
Question #6 Is it called damage to the field pipeline? (RD 39-132-94)
a Violation of serviceable condition while maintaining operability and without environmental damage
b Violation of serviceable condition while maintaining operability and with material damage
Violation of serviceable condition without maintaining operability with environmental damage
d Violation of serviceable condition without maintaining operability with material damage
e Violation of serviceable condition without maintaining working capacity and without material damage
Specify the number of the correct answer:
but
Question #7 Inserting and removing plugs is logged? (RD 39-132-94)
a Checking the status of working conditions
b In the log of briefings at the workplace
c In the log of installing and removing plugs
d In magazines A and B
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #8 After removing the victim from the water, the first aid provider needs? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
a Do not take any action until the ambulance arrives
b Lay the victim belly down on a bent knee so that the lower part of the chest rests on it, and the upper part of the body and head hang down and with one hand press on the chin or raise the head (so that the mouth is open) and vigorous pressure (several times) with the other hand on the back to help remove water
Apply to the victim 3-5 short strokes with a brush in the interscapular region in a standing position
d Grab the victim from behind, clasping the hands between the xiphoid process of the sternum and the navel, and make 3-5 quick pressures on the victim’s stomach
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #9 First aid for general hypothermia and frostbite? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 of September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
a Start rubbing frostbitten parts of the body with snow
b Place the frostbitten limb in a hot bath (basin, bucket) with a water temperature of 40 degrees
Apply a sterile bandage to the frostbitten part of the limb
d Apply a hot heating pad
d Drink some alcohol
Specify the number of the correct answer:
in
Question #10 What is a harmful factor in the working environment? (Guideline R 2.2.2006-05)
a The production factor, the impact of which on a worker under certain conditions leads to a disease
b Production factor, the impact of which on the worker can lead to his death
c Factor of the environment and the labor process, the impact of which on an employee can cause an occupational disease or other health condition, damage to the health of offspring
d Production factor, the impact of which on an employee can lead to his fall
e All listed in p.p. A and B
Specify the number of the correct answer: in
Ticket number 10
Question #1 Are the persons responsible for safety when performing work on work permits? (POT RO 14000-005-98 p.2.4.)
a The person who issued the work permit and the responsible foreman
b Responsible work manager and members of the team (link)
c Responsible foreman (supervising)
d Authorized and responsible work manager
e Members of the brigade (link) performing work on the work permit
e All listed persons
Specify the number of the correct answer:
e
Question #2 Choose the correct sequence of actions to be taken in the event of a fire? (PPB 01-03 p.110)
a Start evacuation of people, call the fire department, check the activation of automatic fire extinguishers, start saving property
b Call the fire department, start evacuating people and saving property, check the inclusion of automatic fire extinguishing equipment
c Call the fire department, check the activation of automatic fire extinguishers, start evacuating people and saving property
d Call the fire department, start evacuating people, check the activation of automatic fire extinguishers, start saving property
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #3 The value of the protective above-ground insulation of crane assemblies, bends, tees above the ground?: (RD 39-132-94 p. 5.5.)
a 10 cm
b 15 cm
at 30 cm
g 50 cm
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #4What steels are not allowed to manufacture fasteners? (RD 39-132-94)
a From the boiling and semi-calm
b From semi-calm and automatic
in From automatic and boiling
d Of all the above
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #5 In what case should workplaces and passages to them be fenced off with protective fences in accordance with GOST 12.4.059-89 (clause 6.2.16. SNiP 12-0302001)?
a With a height difference of 1.0 m or more and a distance of less than 3 m from the border of the height difference
b With a height difference of more than 1.3 m and a distance of less than 2 m from the border of the height difference
c With a height difference of 0.8 m or more and a distance of less than 2.5 m from the border of the height difference
d With a height difference of 1.3 m or more and a distance of less than 4 m from the border of the height difference
e At a height difference of 1.5 m or more and a distance of less than 3 m from the border of the height difference
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #6 The diameter of the protective case at the intersection of the highway should be greater than the diameter of the field pipeline, at least? (RD 39-132-94)
a 150 mm
b 200 mm
in 250 mm
g 300 mm
d 400 mm
Specify the number of the correct answer:
b
Question #7 Definition of a highly aggressive environment in terms of the corrosion rate of a field pipeline per year? (RD 39-132-94)
and more than 0.2 mm/year
b more than 0.25 mm/year
in more than 0.4 mm / year
g more than 0.45 mm/year
Specify the number of the correct answer:
G
Question #8 The correct position of the victim during transportation with open wounds of the abdominal cavity, with fractures of the pelvic bones? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
a Position “Lying on the back with the lower limbs raised and the head down”
b “Semi-sitting position with legs extended”
in the position “Lying on your back with legs bent at the knees”
d “Semi-sitting position with bent legs”
Specify the number of the correct answer: in
Question #9First aid for an injury? (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 105 dated September 15, 1997, Appendix No. 16)
a Help should be provided with cleanly washed hands with soap or, if this cannot be done, lubricate the fingers with iodine tincture
b Remove blood clots, foreign bodies from the wound
Rinse the wound with water or medicines, pour iodine or alcohol
d Apply cotton directly to the wound
Specify the number of the correct answer:
but
Question #10 The brand of the gas mask box and the color of the filter box for protection against organic vapors of gasoline, acetone, benzene, ether, toluene, organohalogen compounds, etc.? (POT RO 14000-005-98 p.13.1.17.)
a b yellow
b E black
in M red
g CO white
e A brown
Specify the number of the correct answer
:d
Variants of correct answers to questions on tickets Pipeline linear
| Ticket number 1 | |||||||||||
| question number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| option response |
b | but | b | G | b | b | in | G | but | but | |
| Ticket number 2 | |||||||||||
| question number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| option response |
G | b | but | G | b | in | G | in | but | in | |
| Ticket number 3 | |||||||||||
| question number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| option response |
but | b | b | d | but | b | b | in | but | in | |
| Ticket number 4 | |||||||||||
| question number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| option response |
d | b | b | G | d | in | in | but | in | in | |
| Ticket number 5 | |||||||||||
| question number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| option response |
d | G | b | e | in | G | in | b | G | b | |
| Ticket number 6 | |||||||||||
| question number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| option response |
G | G | G | G | in | G | G | but | but | in | |
| Ticket number 7 | |||||||||||
| question number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| option response |
b | but | in | e | b | in | but | in | in | b | |
| Ticket number 8 | |||||||||||
| question number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| option response |
b | in | G | G | but | but | G | b | b | d | |
| Ticket number 9 | |||||||||||
| question number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| option response |
d | b | but | in | d | but | in | b | in | in | |
| Ticket number 10 | |||||||||||
| question number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| option response |
e | G | b | G | b | b | G | in | but | d | |
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